Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 3 sections. Section A is Biology, Section B is Chemistry and

Section C is Physics.

2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected to

attempt only one of these questions.

Section A
1. Which of the following component of our food is digested by an enzyme which is present in saliva as well as in [1]
pancreatic juice?

a) Fats b) Proteins

c) Carbohydrates d) Minerals
2. How many pairs of contrasting characters of pea were selected by Mendel for cross-fertilization? [1]

a) Seven b) Five

c) Twelve d) Six
3. Statement 1: The pyramid of energy is always upright. [1]
Statement 2: The available energy is the highest at producer level and gradually decreases at successive trophic
levels.

a) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false. b) Both statements 1 and 2 are false

c) Both statements 1 and 2 are true but d) Both statements 1 and 2 are true and
statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 2 is the correct explanation of
statement 1. statement 1.
4. Match the following with correct response. [1]

Column A Column B

(i) The largest part of the brain (a) Cranial meninges

(ii) The protective covering of the brain (b) Spinal cord

(iii) Forebrain (c) Olfactory lobe

(iv) Cerebellum (d) Cerebrum

a) (i) - (b), (ii) - (d), (iii) - (a), (iv) - (c) b) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (a)

c) (i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (d) d) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b)
 5. Ozone depletion has resulted in: [1]

a) Less UV radiations on earth b) More UV radiations on earth

c) Warming of earth d) Decrease in temperature

6. Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true about the heart? [1]
i. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of the body while the right atrium receives
deoxygenated blood from lungs
ii. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different body parts while right ventricle pumps deoxygenated
blood to lungs
iii. Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to the right ventricle which sends it to different body parts
iv. Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body while left ventricle pumps
oxygenated blood to different parts of the body

a) (i) and (iii) b) (ii) and (iv)

c) (ii) only d) (i) only

7. Which one of the following statements is TRUE for Hydra, Amoeba and Spirogyra? [1]

a) They reproduce sexually. b) They reproduce asexually.

c) They are multicellular. d) They are unicellular.

8. Assertion (A): Yeast multiplies in sugar. [1]
Reason (R): Sugar is made of sucrose which provides energy for sustaining all life activities.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

9. Assertion (A): Man is an omnivore. [1]
Reason (R): Man eats food products obtained from both plants and animals.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

10. How do spirogyra and Mucor reproduce asexually? [2]
11. Explain an agricultural practice that has a harmful effect on ecosystem. [2]
OR
What is garbage? What does garbage consist of? What is disposal of waste?
12. Differentiate between photonastic and thigmonastic movements giving an example? [2]
13. Mendel took tall pea plants and short pea plants and produced F1 progeny through cross-fertilisation. What did [3]
Mendel observe in the F1 progeny?

14. Observe the following table carefully and match the components of part I with part II of the table. Write them in [3]
complete sentences.

Part I Part II

Unicellular organism Transpiration

Human beings Diffusion

 Plants Urination

15. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A student crossed pea plants having round and yellow seeds with pea plants having wrinkled and green seeds.
He found that only one type of seeds were produced in the F1 generation. When these F1 generation pea plants

were self-pollinated with each other , then in addition to the seed type of F1 generation, some new types of seed
combinations were also obtained in the F2 generation.

i. Which traits in the above mentioned cross are dominant traits? (1)
ii. What are the new possible combinations of seeds likely to be observed in F2 generation? (1)
iii. Give reason why the traits which were not visible in the seeds of F1 generation reappeared in the seeds of F2

generation. Write the ratio of different types of seeds obtained in F2 generation in this case. (2)
OR
What is meant by the terms (I) dominant, and (II) recessive traits? Explain. (2)

16. i. Where are testes located in the human males and why? State two function of the testes. [5]
ii. In the human female, one of the ovaries releases an egg every month. State the changes that take place if
1. the egg is fertilized, and
2. the egg is not fertilized.
iii. What is done during the surgical method in males and females to prevent pregnancy?
OR
Draw the structure of a neuron and describe its function.
Section B
17. When sodium hydrogen carbonate is added to ethanoic acid a gas evolves. [1]
Consider the following statements about the gas evolved?
A. It turns lime water milky.
B. It is evolved with a brisk effervescence.
C. It has a smell of burning sulphur.
D. It is also a by-product of respiration.
The correct statements are:

a) (B) and (D) only b) (A) and (B) only

c) (A), (B) and (D) d) (A), (C) and (D)

18. Which of the given statement is correct or wrong: [1]
Statement A: Oxyacetylene flame is used for welding purposes.
Statement B: Ethyne reacts with HCl in the presence of HgCl2 to form vinyl chloride.

a) Neither statement A nor statement B is true. b) Both the statements A and B are true.

c) Statement B is true; Statement A is false. d) Statement A is true; Statement B is false.

19. What happens when ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride? NH3 + HCl ¥? [1]

a) Both H2 and NH4Cl b) Cl2 gas is evolved.

c) H2 gas is evolved d) NH4Cl is formed

20. Match the following with the correct response: [1]

Column A Column B

(i) Ionic bond (a) NH3

(ii) Polar covalent bond (b) C60

(iii) Non-polar bond (c) N2

(iv) Fullerene (d) NaCl

a) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (a) b) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b)

c) (i) - (b), (ii) - (d), (iii) - (a), (iv) - (c) d) (i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (d)
21. The slag obtained during the extraction of copper pyrites is composed mainly of: [1]

a) CuSiO3 b) SiO2

c) Cu2S d) FeSiO3

22. The structural formula of Cyclohexane is [1]

a) b)

c) d)

23. If 10 mL of H2SO4 is mixed with 10 mL of Mg(OH)2 of the same concentration, the resultant solution will give [1]
the following colour with universal indicator:

a) Yellow b) Red

c) Blue d) Green
24. Assertion (A): Strength of the acid or base decreases with dilution. [1]
Reason (R): Ionization of an acid or a base increases with dilution.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

25. Write two precautions which should be observed while carrying any reaction of zinc metal with dil HCl. [2]
26. Justify with the help of an example that displacement reaction is also a redox reaction. [3]
OR
Aluminium is a reactive metal but is still used for packing food articles. Why?
27. A metal 'X' is found in the form of filings which burns vigorously when sprinkled on flame. When these filings [3]
are treated with sulphur a black coloured compound 'Y' is formed which is not attracted by magnet. 'X' reacts
with dil HCI to liberate hydrogen gas. 'X' reacts with steam to form 'Z' along with hydrogen gas. Identify 'X', 'Y',
and 'Z'. Write the reaction involved.
28. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
In a redox reaction, both oxidation, as well as reduction, takes place together, oxidation involves loss of
electrons while reduction involves the gain of electrons. The redox- reaction may involve a combination of

Example: CuSO4 + Zn u
atoms and molecules, displacement of metals, or non-metals.
ZnSO4 + Cu

displacement of Cu metal from its compound.

CuSO4 + Zn u
i. In the below equation, which gets reduced? (1)
ZnSO4 + Cu
ii. The oxidising agent generally loses or gains an electron. (1)

CuSO4 + Zn u
iii. Identify the oxidising agent and reducing agent in the above reaction. (2)
ZnSO4 + Cu
OR

CuSO4 + Zn u
Identify the type of given reaction. (2)
ZnSO4 + Cu

29. i. Why is acidified water considered to be a good conductor of electricity? [5]

ii. Write a chemical equation showing the ionic products formed ondissolving potassium hydroxide in water.
iii. Care must be taken while diluting concentrated nitric acid with water. Why?
OR
An organic compound A is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a molecular formula C2H4O2. This

compound reacts with ethanol to form a sweet smelling compound B.

i. Identify the compound A.
ii. Write the chemical equation for its reaction with ethanol to form compound B.
iii. How can we get compound A form B?
iv. Name the process and write corresponding chemical equation.
v. Which gas is produced when compound A reacts with washing soda? Write the chemical equation.
Section C
30. A real image is formed by the light rays after reflection or refraction when they: [1]
A. actually meet or intersect with each other.
B. actually converge at a point.
C. appear to meet when they are produced in the backward direction.
D. appear to diverge from a point.
Which of the above statements are correct?
 a) (A) and (B) b) (B) and (D)

c) (B) and (C) d) (A) and (D)

31. What is the relation between angles 1, 2, 3 and 4? [1]

a) ∠1 + ∠2 = ∠3 + ∠4 b) ∠2+ ∠3= ∠1+ ∠4

c) ∠1 + ∠3 = ∠2 + ∠4 d) ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 = ∠1 + ∠4
32. Assertion (A): Two magnetic field lines around a current carrying straight wire do not intersect each other. [1]
Reason (R): The magnitude of the magnetic field produced at a given point increases as the current through the
wire increases.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

33. State reasons to explain these observations. [2]
a. Our eye is more sensitive to yellow colour but even then danger signals are red in colour.
b. Violet colour is seen at the bottom of the spectrum when light is displaced by a prism.
34. There are three 2 V cells connected in series. How many joules of energy does 1 C gain on passing through all [2]
the three cells?
OR
Several electric bulbs designed to be used on a 220V electric supply line are rated 10W. How many lamps can be
connected in parallel with each other across the two wires of 220V line if the maximum allowable current is 5A?
35. Under what conditions permanent electromagnet is obtained, if a current carrying solenoid is used? Support your [3]
answer with the help of a labelled circuit diagram.
36. i. State two main causes of a person developing near-sightedness. With the help of a ray diagram, suggest how [3]
he can be helped to overcome his disability?
ii. The far point of myopic person is 100 cm in front of the eye. Calculate the focal length and power of a lens
required to enable him to see distant objects clearly.
37. AB is a current carrying conductor in the plane of the paper as shown in Figure. [3]
 i. What are the directions of magnetic fields produced by it at points P and Q?
ii. Given r1 > r2, where will the strength of the magnetic field be larger?

38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Consider the following electrical circuit diagram in which nine identical resistors of 3 Š each are connected as
shown. If the reading of the ammeter A1 is 1 ampere, answer the following questions:

i. What is the relationship between the readings of A1 and A3? Give reasons for your answer. (1)

ii. What is the relationship between the readings of A2 and A3? (1)

iii. Determine the reading of the voltmeter V1. (2)

OR
Find the total resistance of the circuit. (2)
39. An object of height 4.0 cm is placed at a distance of 30 cm from optical centre O of a concave lens of focal [5]
length 20 cm. Draw a ray diagram to find the position and size of the image formed. Mark optical centre O and
principal focus F on the diagram. Also, find the approximate ratio of size of the image to the size of the object.
OR
a. List four characteristics of the image formed by a concave lens of focal length 20 cm when the object is placed at
a distance of 40 cm from its optical centre.
b. The size of image of an object by a convex lens of focal length 20 cm is observed to be reduced to  rd of its size.
Find the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens.
 Section A

1. (c) Carbohydrates
Explanation:
Carbohydrates

2. (a) Seven
Explanation:
Mendel selected 14 different varieties of the pea and grouped them into seven pairs. Each pair was considered for a specific
trait (characteristic) such as flower colour or seed shape or stem length, etc. The two members of each pair showed contrasting
forms of the chosen trait, e.g., in a pair selected for stem length, one variety had a tall stem (6-7 feet tall) while the other had a
dwarf stem.

3. (d) Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
Explanation:
Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

4. (d) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b)

Explanation:
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, located superiorly and anteriorly in relation to the brainstem.
The primary function of Cranial meninges is to protect the nervous system. It is a three-layer protective tissue that
surrounds the neuraxis.
Olfactory lobe Either member of a pair of lobes in the forebrain.
At the anterior end of the cerebrum; the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates, which coordinates and
regulates muscular activity.

5. (b) More UV radiations on earth

Explanation:
The ozone layer shields the surface of the earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun. Ozone depletion has resulted in
more UV radiations on earth.

6. (b) (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:
Oxygenated blood circulates through the left part of the heart whereas deoxygenated blood circulates through the right part of
the heart. Atrium receives blood and the ventricle pumps the blood out of the heart.

7. (b) They reproduce asexually.

Explanation:
They reproduce asexually.
8.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
 9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
10. Spirogyra is a green filamentous algae. Spirogyra breaks into two or more fragments on maturing and each fragments then grows
into new spirogyra.
Spirogyra reproduce by fragmentation and Regeneration and Mucor reproduce by spore formation.
11. Agriculture is the process of cultivation of food plants, fibre, etc.
Increased use of pesticides and other insect or disease repellents for soils and standting crops is a harmful practice that adversely
affects the environment and its components. These chemicals gets mixed with soil and water and are absorbed by growing plant.
Through food chain they reach all the trophic levels causing various threats to them.
OR
The household wastes or rubbish is called garbage. Every household produces a lot of garbage daily. This garbage includes left
over food, fruits and vegetable peels, fallen leaves of potted plants, waste papers, wooden objects, ragged clothes, etc.
Disposal of waste means to get rid of unwanted material and may otherwise require space and cause pollution. The method of
waste disposal depends on the nature of waste. Biodegradable waste is to be seperated from non-biodegradable waste as together
they cannot be treated well such as recycling etc, causing pollution.

12. Photonastic movement Thigmonastic movement

1. The non-directional movement of plant parts in response to 1. The non-directional movements of plant parts in response to
light and it does not involve growth. Such movements are touch and it also does not involve growth. Such movements are
called photonastic movements. called thigmonastic movements.

2. Example: Dandelion flower opens up in morning while 2. Example: The leaves of mimosapudica closes up when
closes at night. touched.
13. He obseved that all the pea plants produced in F1 progeny were tall due to the dominant characterstics of tall gene.

14. i. Unicellular organisms: excrete out wastes accumulated in body through the process of diffusion eg: amoeba
ii. Human beings: excrete out nitrogenous wastes generated by various metabolic activities through urination.
iii. Plants: remove excess water through transpiration, the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small
pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere.
15. i. Round and yellow traits are dominant traits in the above cross.
ii. The F2 progeny of Mendel's dihybrid cross exhibit four different phenotypes: round yellow, round green, wrinkled yellow and
wrinkled green.
iii. The traits which were not shown in F1 generation were recessive traits. The recessive traits do not show their presence in front
of dominant traits. So when these products were self-crossed in F2 generation they appeared with dominant traits.
The ratio of different types of seeds are 9 : 3 : 3 : 1.
OR
(I) The trait that first appears or is visibly expressed in the organism is called the dominant trait.
(II) The trait that is present at the gene level but is masked and does not show itself in the organism is called the recessive trait.
16. i. The testes are 2 small organs that are found inside the scrotum.
Function of testies are as follows:
The testes make sperm. They also help make a hormone called testosterone.
Testosterone is an important hormone during male development and maturation.
ii. In the human female, one of the ovaries releases an egg every month. The changes that take place are
1. the egg is fertilized- If the egg is fertilized, During fertilization, the haploid nucleus of the sperm and ovum fuse to form a
zygote. This zygote divides to form an embryo. It keeps dividing as it moves slowly through the fallopian tube to the
uterus. Its next job is to attach to the lining of uterus. This is called implantation. Here, the zygote divides to form an
embryo, which develops into a foetus. Food is provided to the feotus by placenta. This leads to pregnancy and new baby
is born.
2. the egg is not fertilized - If the egg is not fertilized, the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) which is chiefly
maintained for the implantation of fertilized egg gets degenerated and discharged from the uterus as menstrual bleeding.
This process is called menstruation.
iii. The surgical method of contraception in females and males are tubectomy and vasectomy respectively.
 OR
Neuron or nerve cell is a structural and functional unit of the nervous system that is specialised to receive, conduct and transmit
nerve impulses. A neuron (nerve cell) has three components:
i. Cell body (cyton)
ii. Dendrites
iii. Axon

Functions: The information acquired at the end of the dendritic tip of a neuron sets off a chemical reaction which creates an
electrical impulse. This impulse travels from die dendrite to the cyton along the axon of its end. At the end of axon, the electrical
impulse sets off the release of some chemicals, which cross the synapse and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the
next neuron. In this way nerve impulses travel in the body, from one neuron to another till it reaches the brain or the target organ.
Thus, a nervous tissue is made up of an organised network of nerve cells or neurons which are specialised in conducting
information via electrical impulse from one part of the body to another.
Section B
17.
(c) (A), (B) and (D)
Explanation:
(A), (B) and (D)

18.
(b) Both the statements A and B are true.
Explanation:
The oxyacetylene flame is used for welding purposes. The oxyacetylene welding process uses a combination of
oxygen and acetylene (C2H2) gas to provide a high-temperature flame. It is commonly used to join mild steel
permanently.
Ethyne (C2H2) reacts with HCl in the presence of HgCl2 to from vinyl chloride or chloroethane H2C=CHCl. This
colourless compound is an important industrial chemical. It is chiefly used to produce polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

19.
(d) NH4Cl is formed
Explanation:
Ammonium chloride is formed when ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride. It is a combination reaction.
NH3(g) + HCl(g) ¥
NH4Cl(s)

20.
(b) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b)
Explanation:
NaCl has ionic bonds between the sodium ion and the chloride ion.
Ammonia has polar covalent bonds between the nitrogen atom and hydrogen atoms.
Nitrogen molecule has non-polar covalent bonds between the two nitrogen atoms since the two atoms are alike.
C60 is a member of fullerenes (Allotropes of carbon). Buckminsterfullerene contains a cluster of 60 carbon atoms
joined together to form spherical molecules.
21.
(d) FeSiO3
Explanation:
The sulphide ore of copper-containing iron is mixed with silica before heating in a reverberatory furnace. Iron oxide forms a
slag of iron silicate (FeSiO3).
The reaction is: FeO + SiO2 ¥ FeSiO3

22.

(b)

Explanation:

23.
(d) Green
Explanation:
Sulphuric acid produces two H+ ions on dissociation.
  .    
When equal volume of both solutions are mixed together they form water and salt by neutralisation reaction as one is acid and
other is base.
       
        
Therefore, for neutral solution universal indicator shows green colour.

24.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Ionization of an acid or a basic increases on dilution but concentration of H+ or OH- ions decreases per unit volume, thus
strength of the acid or the base decreases with dilution.

25. i. HCl is a mineral acid and a strong acid, so we must take care while handling the acid.
ii. The Zinc metal should be clean and a small amount must be added to avoid large production of Hydrogen gas.
26. Consider the following displacement reaction: Fe  CuSO  FeSO   Cu
       
      

In the above reaction, Fe is converted to   by loss of electrons. Hence Fe is oxidised.   is converted to Cu by gain of
electrons. Hence   is reduced. Thus, the above reaction is a displacement reaction as well as a redox reaction.
OR
Aluminum is quite reactive, but the upper surface gets converted into its oxide called aluminum oxide (AI2O3) once it is kept in
the air, and a thin coating is developed on the surface. This aluminium oxide is not reactive. Therefore, this metal is used for
 packing food articles which do not get spoiled in the foil.
 ¥  
u
27.
  
Fe + HCl FeCl2 + H2
     
 
 
28. i. CuSO4 gets reduced.
ii. The oxidising agent generally gains the electron.
iii. Oxidizing agent - Copper,
Reducing agent - Zinc
OR
Displacement reaction
29. i. Hydrogen ions are created in the presence of water when an acid and water are combined. The acidified water is a good
conductor of electricity because of the presence of these ions.

 u
ii. potassium hydroxide reacts with water when it dissolves in it.
  
iii. A highly exothermic reaction occurs when an acid or a base dissolves in water. Mixing concentrated nitric acid with water
requires caution. Always slowly pour the acid into the water while stirring constantly. The heat produced when water is added
to a concentrated acid can cause the mixture to splash out and hurt people's bums. Additionally, excessive local heating could
cause the glass container to shatter.
OR
i. A is ethanoic acid (CH3COOH). Commonly, known as acetic acid. Its 5 % solution in water is used to prepare vinegar, which
is used as preservatives for pickles.
 
ii.   +      
   
iii. Compound A (ethanoic acid) can be obtained from compound B (ethyl ethanoate) by the action of a base.
iv. Saponification.

     +  

v. CO2 gas is produced. This reaction is same as reaction of acid with metal carbonate.
  +        
 
Section C
30. (a) (A) and (B)
Explanation:
(A) and (B)
31.
(b) ∠2+ ∠3= ∠1+ ∠4
Explanation:
Only this option is correct

32.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

33. a. An object is seen only when the light illuminating it is reflected and reach our eye. According to Rayleigh's scattering Law,
the intensity of scattered light   . Since yellow colour has small wavelength than red colour, so scattering of yellow colour
is more than the red colour. It means signal is illuminated more brightly by the red colour than the yellow colour. Hence, the
signals can be seen easily from a longer distance. Therefore, red colour is used for danger signals than yellow colour.
b. In the visible spectrum, violet light have the shortest [Link], it has the highest refractive index. Therefore,
when white light is passed through the prism, it split into its seven colours to give visible spectrum and violet colour having
 the shortest wavelength deviated the most.
34. Here, the potential difference, V = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6V and charge, Q = 1 C
We know that, Work done, W = 
Substituting the value, we get
W =  = 6 J.
OR
Let current through each bulb be I.
P = VI, 10 = 220 I

I =  A
Let n such bulbs be connected in series.
Current through n bulbs = 5A
n (current in 1 bult) = 5

n  =5
n = 110
110 such bulbs can be lighted within allowable limit of 5A.
35. The conditions to obtain permanent electromagnet, if a current carrying solenoid is used, are given as follows:
i. The current through the solenoid should be direct current.
ii. The rod inside the solenoid must be made of a magnetic material.
iii. The magnetic material should be of high retentivity.

36. i. Near sightedness (myopia) defect arises either because of :

(a) decrease in focal length of eye lens.(b) elongation of the eye ball
ii. To correct this defect of vision, he must use a concave lens of suitable focal length. The concave lens of suitable focal length
will bring the image back to the retina as shown in the given figure.

iii. Given, v = -100 cm , u = Ì

Using lens formula,
 

 Ã  · 
Ã
à 
f = -100 cm = -1 m.
A Power of lens,
P= = -1D.

37. According to Right Hand Thumb Rule, imagine the straight conductor in your right hand such that the thumb points in the
direction of the current, then the direction of curling of fingers of the right hand gives the direction of magnetic field lines. At P,
the direction of magnetic field is towards the paper and at point B, the direction of magnetic field is out of the paper. Since r1 > r2,
so the strength of magnetic field at P is less than that at Q.
38. i. i. Both have same reading i.e A1 = A3
ii. Both are connected in series
ii. Reading of A2 = A3 as current is equally divided in the four identical resitors i.e (A2 < A3).
iii. = Or RP =
= + ,RP =
V=IR
 V1 = 1A   =  V = 1.5V
 
OR
  
 =   
A   
    
 =   
A  
      
 =   
A   
A R =      =         =   = 3.25
39. Given: focal length f = +20 cm, object distance u = -30 cm, height of object ho= 4 cm.
We know that,
  
 
  
 
 
 v = 60 cm

So,  

 
 -ti = -8 cm
Thus, the height or size of the image is 8 cm. The minus sign shows that this height is in the downward direction, that is, the
image is formed below the axis.
Ratio of size of image to object = -2
So image is enlarged beyond 2F2

Object between F1 and 2F1.

Image is formed beyond 2F2, real, inverted.
OR

i. Virtual
Erect
Diminished
On the same side of the object
ii. Focal Length = 20cm.
u = -x cm
x
v= 
  
 
x = 80 cm
Hence, the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens is 80 cm.