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Java Interview Prep: Key Concepts Explained

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Java concepts essential for interviews, covering Java basics, OOP principles, interfaces, abstract classes, string handling, exception management, collections framework, multithreading, Java 8 features, and Selenium integration. It emphasizes practical applications and includes key differences in map implementations and logging practices. An interview tip suggests focusing on real-time usage rather than just definitions.

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niranjan mogare
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2 views2 pages

Java Interview Prep: Key Concepts Explained

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Java concepts essential for interviews, covering Java basics, OOP principles, interfaces, abstract classes, string handling, exception management, collections framework, multithreading, Java 8 features, and Selenium integration. It emphasizes practical applications and includes key differences in map implementations and logging practices. An interview tip suggests focusing on real-time usage rather than just definitions.

Uploaded by

niranjan mogare
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Java One-Shot Concept Notes (Interview Ready)

1. Java Basics
• Java is Object Oriented, Platform Independent (WORA)
• JDK: Development Kit, JRE: Runtime, JVM: Executes bytecode

2. OOP Concepts
Encapsulation – Data hiding using private variables
Inheritance – One class acquires another class properties
Polymorphism – One object many forms (Overloading / Overriding)
Abstraction – Hiding implementation details

3. Interface
• Supports multiple inheritance
• Methods are public & abstract by default
• Used heavily in Selenium (WebDriver)

4. Abstract Class
• Can have abstract & non-abstract methods
• Partial abstraction

5. String
• Immutable
• Stored in String pool
• equals() compares content, == compares reference

6. Exception Handling
• Checked & Unchecked Exceptions
• try-catch-finally
• throw vs throws

7. Collections Framework
List – Allows duplicates (ArrayList, LinkedList)
Set – No duplicates (HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet)
Map – Key-Value pair (HashMap, LinkedHashMap, TreeMap, Hashtable)

8. Map Differences
HashMap – 1 null key, unordered
LinkedHashMap – insertion order
TreeMap – sorted order, no null key
Hashtable – synchronized, no null key/value

9. Multithreading
• Thread class / Runnable interface
• Synchronization avoids data inconsistency

10. Java 8 Features


• Lambda expressions
• Stream API
• Functional Interfaces

11. Selenium Related Java


• WebDriver is interface
• ChromeDriver is implementation
• POM uses Encapsulation & Abstraction

12. Logging
• Log4j used instead of [Link]()
• Supports log levels & file logging

Interview Tip:
Focus on real-time usage, not definitions only.

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