Module 1: The English Alphabet
1. Introduction
The English language is based on its alphabet, consisting of 26 letters. Mastering these
letters is essential for reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Understanding the alphabet
also helps in learning vocabulary and pronunciation.
Letters are divided into:
Vowels: A, E, I, O, U
Consonants: B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z
Tip: The letter Y can act as a vowel or consonant depending on the word.
2. Uppercase and Lowercase Letters
Each letter has uppercase (capital) and lowercase (small) forms.
Uppercase Lowercase Example Mouth Position Example Image
A a Apple [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
B b Ball [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
C c Cat [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
D d Dog [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
E e Elephant [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
F f Fish [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
G g Goat [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
H h Hat [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
I i Ice [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
J j Jam [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
K k Kite [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
L l Lion [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
M m Moon [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
N n Net [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
O o Orange [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
P p Pen [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
Q q Queen [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
R r Rat [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
S s Sun [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
T t Top [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
U u Umbrella [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
V v Van [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
W w Water [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
X x Box [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
Y y Yellow [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
Z z Zebra [Insert [Insert image]
diagram]
Exercise: Write all letters in uppercase and lowercase five times to memorize them.
3. Pronunciation of Letters (IPA)
Repeat each letter and its IPA symbol aloud.
Letter Pronunciatio Example IPA Symbol Mouth Example
n Word Position Image
A /eɪ/ Apple /æ/, /eɪ/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
B /biː/ Ball /b/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
C /k/ or /s/ Cat / City /k/, /s/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
D /diː/ Dog /d/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
E /iː/ Elephant /ɛ/, /iː/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
F /ɛf/ Fish /f/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
G /g/ or /dʒ/ Goat / Giant /g/, /dʒ/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
H /eɪtʃ/ Hat /h/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
I /aɪ/ Ice /ɪ/, /aɪ/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
J /dʒeɪ/ Jam /dʒ/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
K /keɪ/ Kite /k/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
L /ɛl/ Lion /l/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
M /ɛm/ Moon /m/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
N /ɛn/ Net /n/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
O /oʊ/ Orange /ɒ/, /oʊ/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
P /piː/ Pen /p/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
Q /kjuː/ Queen /kw/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
R /ɑːr/ Rat /r/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
S /ɛs/ Sun /s/, /z/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
T /tiː/ Top /t/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
U /juː/ Umbrella /ʌ/, /juː/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
V /viː/ Van /v/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
W /ˈdʌbə[Link]ː/ Water /w/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
X /ɛks/ Box /ks/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
Y /waɪ/ Yellow /j/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]
Z /ziː/ Zebra /z/ [Insert [Insert
diagram] image]