1.

When it comes to job-hunting, first IMPRESSIONS are critical. Remember, you are marketing a product - yourself - to a potential
employer. The first thing the employer sees when greeting you is your ATTIRE; thus, you must make every effort to have the
proper dress for the type of job you are seeking. Will dressing properly get you the job? Of course not, but it will give you a
competitive edge and a POSITIVE first impression.

How should you dress? Dressing conservatively is always the safest route, but you should also try and do a little INVESTIGATING
of your PROSPECTIVE employer so that what you wear to the interview makes you look as though you FIT in with the
organisation.

2.

Private schools in the UK are redoubling their marketing efforts to foreigners. Almost a third of the 68,000 boarding pupils at
such schools ALREADY come from overseas. But now, with many UK residents UNWILLING or unable to afford the fees - top
boarding schools are edging towards £30,000 ($49,759) a year - and a cultural SHIFT away from boarding, many schools are
looking abroad to survive.
Overseas students now ACCOUNT for about.....

3.

All approaches aim to increase blood flow to areas of tension and to release painful knots OF muscle known as "trigger points".
"Trigger points are tense areas of muscle that are almost constantly contracting," says Kippen. "The contraction causes pain,
which in turn causes contraction, so you have a vicious circle. This is what deep tissue massage aims to break." The way to do
this, as I found out under Ogedengbe elbow, is to apply pressure TO the point, stopping the blood flow, and then to release,
which causes the brain to flood the affected area WITH blood, encouraging the muscle to relax. At the same time, says Kippen,
you can fool the tensed muscle INTO relaxing by applying pressure to a complementary one nearby.

4.

Although environmentalists have been WARNING about this situation for decades, many other people are finally beginning to
realise that if we don't act soon it will be too late. The good news is that more and more businesses and governments are
beginning to UNDERSTAND that without a healthy environment the global economy and everything that depends on it will be
seriously endangered. And they are beginning to take POSITIVE action.

s.
The invasion of non-indigenous plants is considered a primary threat to integrity and function of ecosystems. However, there is
little quantitative or EXPERIMENTAL evidence for ecosystem impacts of invasive species. Justifications for control are often
based on potential, but not presently realized, recognized or quantified, negative impacts. Should lack of scientific certainty
about impacts of non-indigenous species result in postponing measures to prevent degradation? Recently, management of
purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), has been criticized for lack of evidence demonstrating negative impacts of L. salicaria, and
management using biocontrol for lack of evidence documenting the failure of conventional control methods. Although little
quantitative evidence on negative impacts on native wetland biota and wetland function was available at the onset of the
control program in 1985, recent work has demonstrated that the invasion of purple loosestrife into North American freshwater
wetlands alters DECOMPOSITION rates and nutrient cycling, leads to reductions in wetland plant diversity, reduces pollination
and seed output of the native Lythrum alatum, and reduces habitat SUITABILITY for specialized wetland bird species such as
black terns, least bitterns, pied-billed grebes, and marsh wrens. Conventional methods (physical, mechanical or chemical), have
continuously failed to CURB the spread of purple loosestrife or to provide satisfactory control. Although a number of generalist
insect and bird species utilize purple loosestrife, wetland habitat specialists are excluded by ENCROACHMENT of L. salicaria. We
conclude that negative ecosystem impacts of purple loosestrife in North America justify control of the species and that
DETRIMENTAL effects of purple loosestrife on wetland systems and biota and the potential benefits of control outweigh
potential risks associated with the introduction of biocontrol agents. Long-term experiments and monitoring programs that are
in place will evaluate the impact of these insects on purple loosestrife, on wetland plant succession and other wetland biota.
6.

Egg-eating snakes are a small group of snakes whose DIET consists only of eggs. Some eat only bird's eggs, which they have to
swallow WHOLE, as the snake has no teeth. Instead, these snakes have SPINES that stick out from the backbone. The spines
crack the egg OPEN as it passes through the throat. ·

7.

The first section of the book covers new modes of assessment. In Chapter 1, Kimbell (Goldsmith College, London) responds to
CRITICISM of design programs as formalistic and conventional, stating that a focus on risk-taking rather than hard work in
design innovation is equally problematic. His research contains three parts that include preliminary exploration of design
innovation qualities, investigation of resulting classroom practices, and development of evidence-based assessment. The
assessment he describes is presented in the form of a structured worksheet, which includes a collaborative ELEMENT and
digital photographs, in story format. Such a device encourages stimulating ideas, but does not recognize students as design
INNOVATORS. The assessment sheet includes holistic impressions as well as details about "having, growing, and proving" ideas.

COLLOQUIAL judgments are evident in terms such as "wow" and "yawn" and reward the quality and quantity of ideas with the
term, "sparkiness", which fittingly is a pun as the model project was to design light bulb packaging. In addition, the assessment
focuses on the process Of optimizing or complexity control as well as proving ideas with thoughtful criticism and not just
generation of novel ideas. The definitions for qualities such as "technical" and "aesthetic" pertaining to users, are too narrow
and ill-defined. The author provides EXAMPLES of the project, its features and structures, students' notes and judgments, and
their sketches and photographs Of finished light bulb packages, in the appendix.

8.

VERSION 1
Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh has become the first in Europe to offer an MBA in Arabic. Arab students will be able to sign
up to study at a DISTANCE for the business courses in their own language. The Edinburgh Business School ANNOUNCED the
project at a reception in Cairo on Saturday. It is hoped the course will improve links between the university and the Arab
business world . A university spokeswoman said: "The Arabic MBA will RAISE the profile of Heriot-Watt University and the
Edinburgh Business School among businesses in the Arabic-speaking world and will create a strong network of graduates in the
REGION." The first INTAKE of students is expected later this year. Professor Keith Lumsden, director of Edinburgh Business
School, said: "Arabic is a major global language and the Arab world is a centre for business and industrial development. We are
proud to work with Arab International Education to meet the demands of the region."

VERSION 2
Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh has become the first in Europe to offer an MBA in Arabic. Arab students will be able to sign
up to study at a DISTANCE for the business courses in their own language. The Edinburgh Business School announced the
project at a RECEPTION in Cairo on Saturday. It is hoped the course will improve links between the university and the Arab
business world. A university spokeswoman said: "The Arabic MBA will RAISE the profile of Heriot-Watt University and the
Edinburgh Business School among businesses in the Arabic-speaking world and will create a strong network of graduates in the
REGION." The first INTAKE of students is expected later this year. Professor Keith Lumsden, director of Edinburgh Business
School, said: "Arabic is a major global language and the Arab world is a centre for business and industrial development. We are
proud to work with Arab International Education to meet the demands of the region."

9.

Version 1: Federal Education Minister ... de e rec (DESPITE EVIDENCE RECOGNITION)

Version 2: 5 blanks (one missing)

Federal Education Minister Julie Bishop says she has seen no evidence that foreign students are graduating from Australian
universities with POOR English skills. Research by Monash University academic Bob Birrell has found a third of foreign students
are graduating without a COMPETENT level of English. But Ms. Bishop says Australian universities only enroll foreign students
once they have achieved international standards of language PROFICIENCY. "This has been an extraordinary attack by Professor
Birrell on our universities," she sai d. "INTERNATIONAL students must meet international benchmarks in English language in
order to get a place at a university in Australia and they can't get into university without reaching that international standard."

University of Canberra vice chancellor Roger Dean also says international students are required to sit an English test before
being admitted to nearly all Australian universities. "There are, of course, intercultural difficulties as well as language
difficulties," he said. "There are, of course, also many Australian students who don't speak such FANTASTICALLY good English
either. So we're trying to push the standard even higher than present but it's a very useful one already."
Ms Bishop says Australia's university system has high standards. "I've seen no evidence to suggest that students are not able to
complete their courses because they're failing in English yet they're being passed by the universities," she said. "I've not seen
any EVIDENCE to back that up. International education is one of our largest exports, it's our fourth largest export and it's in the
interest of our universities to maintain very high standards because their REPUTATION is at stake ."

10.

Students are increasingly finding it necessary to obtain employment in order to subsidize their income during their time in higher
education. The EXTRA income helps to pay for necessities, to maintain a social life and to buy clothes, and holding a part-time
job helps students to GAIN skills for life after university or college. Using a part-time job to cut down on borrowing is a sound
investment, as it reduces the DEBT that will be waiting to be paid off after graduation. How many hours students are currently
working each week during term-time is not really certain. Some institutions advise that students should not work more than ten
hours a week, and there are others that set a higher recommend LIMIT of fifteen hours a week. There is no doubt that some
students EXCEED even fifteen hours a week.

11.

To one extent or another, this view of reality is one many of us hold, if only implicitly. I certainly find myself THINKING this way
in day-to-day life; it's easy to be SEDUCED by the face nature reveals directly to our senses. Yet, in the decades since first
ENCOUNTERING Camus' text, I've learned that modern science TELLS a very different story .

12.

The ocean floor is home to many unique communities of plants and animals. Most of these marine ecosystems are near the
water surface, Such as the Great Barrier Reef, a 2,000 -km-long coral FORMATION off the the north-eastern coast of Australia.
Coral reefs, like nearly all complex living communities, depend on solar energy for growth (photosynthesis). The sun's energy,
however, penetrates at most only about 300 m below the surface of the water. The relatively shallow penetration of solar
energy and the sinking of cold, subpolar water combine to make most of the deep ocean floor a FRIGID environment with few
life forms.

In 1977, scientists discovered hot springs at a depth of 2.5 km, on the Galapagos Rift (spreading ridge) off the coast of Ecuador.
This exciting discovery was not really A SURPRISE. Since the early 1970s, scientists had predicted that hot springs (geothermal
vents) should be found the active spreading centers along the mid-oceanic ridge, where magma, at temperatures over 1,000 C,
presumably was being erupted to form new oceanic crust. More exciting, because it was totally unexpected, was the discovery
of abundant and unusual sea life - giant tube worms, huge clams, and mussels that THRIVED around the hot springs.

13.

Impressionism was a nineteenth century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists who started
publicly exhibiting their art in the 1860s. Characteristics of Impressionist painting include visible brush strokes, light colors, open
composition, EMPHASIS on light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary
subject matter, and unusual visual angles. The name of the movement is DERIVED from Claude Monet's Impression, Sunrise
(Impression, soleil levant). Critic Louis Leroy inadvertently coined the term in a satiric review published in Le Charivari.

Radicals in their time, early Impressionists broke the rules of academic painting. They began by giving colors, freely brushed,
primacy over line, drawing INSPIRATION from the work of painters such as Eugene Delacroix. They also took the ACT of painting
out of the studio and into the world. Previously, not only still-lifes and portraits, but also landscapes had been painted indoors,
but the Impressionists found that they could CAPTURE the momentary and transient effects of sunlight by painting en plein air
(in plain air).

14.

It's that time again! Exams looming, essays or reports outstanding and you wonder where the year's gone already. You start
WONDERING how you're going to cope with it all. A limited amount of anxiety can help you to be more motivated and more
PURPOSEFUL. It can help you to plan your work and to think more clearly and LOGICALLY about it. In other words, it can help
you stay on top of things. Sit down at your desk and make a start on writing down all the things you have to do to PREPARE for
the exam s.

1 5.

I am a cyclist and a motorist. I fasten my seatbelt when I drive and wear a helmet on my bike to reduce the risk of injury. I am
convinced these are prudent safety measures. I have persuaded many friends to wear helmets on the grounds that transplant
surgeons call those without helmets "donors on wheels". But John Adams in the department of geography has made me do
something rather awful. He has made me re-examine my deeply held CONVICTIONS. Adams has completely UNDERMINED my
confidence in these apparently sensible precautions. What he has persuasively argued, particularly in relation to seat belts, is
that the evidence that they do what they are supposed to do is very suspect. This is IN SPITE of numerous claims that seat belts
save many thousands of lives every year. There is remarkable data on the years 1970 to 1978 countries in which the wearing of
seat belts is COMPULSORY had on average about 5 per cent more road accident deaths following introduction of the law.

16.

It seems we live in a bizarre Universe. One of the greatest mysteries in the whole of science is the prospect that 75% of the
Universe is made up from a mysterious SUBSTANCE known as 'Dark Energy', which causes an acceleration of the cosmic
expansion. Since a further 21% of the Universe is made up from invisible 'Cold Dark Matter' that can only be DETECTED through
its gravitational effects, the ordinary atomic matter making up the rest is apparently only 4% of the total cosmic budget.

These DISCOVERIES require a shift in our perception as great as that made after Copernicus's REVELATION that the Earth moves
around the Sun. This lecture will start by reviewing the chequered history of Dark Energy, not only since Einstein's proposal for a
similar entity in 1917, but by tracing the concept back to Newton's ideas. This lecture will SUMMARISE the current evidence for
Dark Energy and future surveys in which UCL is heavily involved: the "Dark Energy Survey", the Hubble Space Telescope and the
proposed Euclid space mission.

17.

You may well ask why science did not warn us of global warming sooner; I think that there are several reasons. We were from
the 1970s until the end of the century DISTRACTED BY the important global problem of stratospheric OZONE depletion, which
we knew was manageable. We threw all our efforts into it and succeeded but had little time to spend on climate change.
Climate science was also neglected because twentieth-century science failed to RECOGNIZE the true nature of Earth as a
RESPONSIVE self-regulating entity. Biologists were so carried away by Darwin's great vision that they failed to see that living
things were tightly coupled to their material environment and that evolution concerns the whole Earth system with living
organisms an INTEGRAL part of it. Earth is not the Goldilocks planet of the solar system sitting at the right place for life. It was in
this favourable state some two billion years ago but now our planet has to work hard, against ever increasing heat from the Sun,
to keep itself HABITABLE. We have chosen the worst of times to add to its difficulties.

18.

[Version 1)

A dog may be man's best friend. But man is not always a dog's. Over the centuries SELECTIVE breeding has pulled at the canine
body shape to produce what is often a grotesque distortion of the underlying wolf. Indeed, some of these distortions are, when
found in people, regarded as PATHOLOGIES.

[Version 1)

Dog breeding does, though, offer a chance to those who would like to understand how body shape is controlled. The ANCESTRY
of pedigree pooches is well recorded, their generation time is short and their LITTER size reasonably large, so there is plenty of
material to work with. MOREOVER, breeds are, by definition, inbred, and this simplifies genetic analysis . Those such as Elaine
Ostrander, of America's National Human Genome Research Institute, who wish to identify the genetic basis of the features of
particular pedigrees thus have an IDEAL EXPERIMENTAL animal.

19.

Never has the carbon footprint of multi-national corporations been under such intense scrutiny. Inter-city train journeys and
long-haul flights to CONDUCT face-to-face business meetings contribute significantly to greenhouse gases and the resulting
STRAIN on the environment.

The Anglo-US company Teliris has introduced a new video-conferencing technology and partnered with the Carbon Neutral
Company, enabling corporate outfits to become more environmentally responsible. The innovation allows simulated face-to-
face meetings to be held across continents without the time PRESSURE or environmental burden of international travel.

Previous designs have enabled video-conferencing on a point-to-point, dual-location basis. The firm's VirtuaUve technology,
however, can bring people together from up to five separate locations anywhere in the world - with UNRIVALLED transmission
quality.
20.

One city will start to attract the MAJORITY of public and/or private investment. This could be due to NATURAL advantage or
political decisions. This in turn will STIMULATE further investment due to the multiplier effect and SIGNIFICANT rural to urban
migration. The investment in this city will be at the EXPENSE of other cities.

21.

No one in Parliament would know better than Peter Garrett what largesse copyright can confer so it may seem right that he
should announce a royalty for artists, amounting to 5 per cent of all sales after the original one, which can go on giving to their
families for as much as 150 years. But that ignores the truth that copyright law is a scandal, recently EXACERBATED by the Free
Trade Agreement with the US which required extension of copyright to 70 years after death.

Is it scandalous that really valuable copyrights end up in the ownership of corporations (although Agatha Christie's no-doubt
worthy great-grandchildren are still REAPING the benefits of West End success for her whodunnits and members of the Garrick
Club enjoy the continuing fruits of A.A. Milne's Christopher Robin books)? No. The SCANDAL is that bien pensants politicians
have attempted to appear cultured by creating private assets which depend on an act of Parliament for their existence and by
giving away much more in value than any public benefit could JUSTIFY. In doing so they have betrayed our trust.

22.

Want to know what will make you happy? Then ask a total stranger -- or so says a new study from Harvard University, which
shows that another person's experience is often more INFORMATIVE than your own best guess.

The study, which appears in the current issue of Science, was led by Daniel Gilbert, professor of psychology at Harvard and
author of the 2007 bestseller "Stumbling on Happiness," along with Matthew Killingsworth and Rebecca Eyre, also of Harvard,
and Timothy Wilson of the University of Virginia.

"If you want to know how much you will enjoy an experience, you are better off knowing how much someone else enjoyed it
than knowing anything about the experience itself," says Gilbert. "Rather than closing our eyes and IMAGINING the future, we
should examine the experience of those who have been there."

Previous research in psychology, neuroscience, and behavioral economics has shown that people have difficulty predicting what
they will like and how much they will like it, which LEADS them to make a wide variety of poor decisions. Interventions aimed at
IMPROVING the accuracy with which people imagine future events have been generally unsuccessful.

23.

Richard Morris, of the school of accounting at the University of NSW, which requires an entrance score in the top 5 per cent of
students, says attendance has been a problem since the late 1990s.

"Sometimes in the lectures we've only got about one- third of students enrolled attending," he said. "It definitely is a problem. If
you don't turn up to class you're missing out on the whole richness of the EXPERIENCE: you don't think a whole lot, you don't
engage in debates with other students - or with your teachers."

It is not all gloom, said Professor John Dearn, a Pro Vice-Chancellor at the University of Canberra, who said the internet was
TRANSFORMING the way students access and use information.

"It is strange that despite all the evidence as to their ineffectiveness, TRADITIONAL lectures seem to persist in our universities."

24. (MTRA: M (most), T (transcription), R (Reality), A (not sure))

The precise relationship between fiction and life has been debated extensively. MOST modern critics agree that, whatever its
apparent factual content or verisimilitude, fiction is finally to be regarded as a structured imitation of life and should not be
confused with a literal TRANSCRIPTION of life itself. While fiction is a work of the imagination rather than REALITY, it can also be
based closely on real events, sometimes experienced by the author. In a work of fiction, the author is not the same as the
narrator, the voice that tells the story. Authors maintain a distance from their characters. Sometimes that distance is obvious for
instance, if a male writer tells a story from the point of view of a female character. Other times it is not so obvious, especially if
we know something of the author's life and there are clear connections between the story and the author s life. The writer of
fiction is free to choose his or her subject matter and is free to invent, select, and arrange fictional elements to achieve his or
her purpose. The elements of fiction are the different components that make up a work of fiction. All literature explores a theme
or significant truth expressed in various elements such as character, plot, setting, point of view, style, and tone that are
essential and specific to each work of fiction. All of these elements bind a literary work into a consistent whole and give it unity.
Understanding these elements can help the reader gain insight about life, human motives, and experience. Such insight is one of
the principal aims of an effective work of fiction; when readers are able to perceive it, they develop a sense of literary judgment
that is capable of enriching their lives. The following sections describe elements that should be considered in the analysis of
fiction.

25.

A few summers ago I visited two dairy farms, Huls Farm and Gardar Farm, which despite being located thousands of miles apart
were still remarkably similar in their strengths and vulnerabilities. Both were by far the largest, most prosperous, most
technologically advanced farms in their RESPECTIVE districts. In particular, each was centered around a magnificent state-of-the-
art barn for SHELTERING and milking cows. Those structures, both neatly DIVIDED into opposite-facing rows of cow stalls,
dwarfed all other barns in the district. Both farms let their cows GRAZE outdoors in lush pastures during the summer, produced their
own hay to harvest in the late summer for feeding the cows through the winter, and INCREASED their production of summer
fodder and winter hay by irrigating their fields.

26.

[Version 1)

Sharks killed four people and injured 58 others around the world in 2006, a comparatively dull year for dangerous encounters
between the two species.

Sharkbite numbers GREW steadily over the last century as humans reproduced exponentially and SPENT more time at the
seashore. But the numbers have been FLAT/STABILISED over the past five years as overfishing THINNED the shark population
near shore and swimmers have LEARNED about the risks of wading into certain areas, Burgess said.

[Version 2)

Sharks killed four people and bit 58 others around the world in 2006, a comparatively dull year for dangerous encounters
between the two species, scientists said in their annual shark attack census on Tuesday. Sharkbite numbers GREW steadily over
the last century as humans reproduced exponentially and spent more time at the seashore. But the numbers have been FLAT
over the past five years as overfishing THINNED the shark population near shore and swimmers GOT SMARTER about the risks
of wading into certain areas, Burgess said .

27 .

The few people who live in Alaska's Aleutian Islands have long been accustomed to shipwrecks. They have been part of local
consciousness since a Japanese whaling ship ran AGROUND near the western end of the 1,100-mile (1,800-km) volcanic
ARCHIPELAGO in 1780, inadvertently naming what is now Rat Island when the ship's infestation SCURRIED ashore and made
itself at home. Since then, there have been at least 190 shipwrecks in the islands.

28.

For all his fame andarab celebration, William Shakespeare remains a(n) MYSTERIOUS figure with regards to personal history.
There are just two primary SOURCES for information on the Bard: his works, and various legal and CHURCH documents that
have survived from Elizabethan times. Naturally, there are many GAPS in this body of information, which. tells us little about
Shakespeare the man.

29.

[Version 1)

The horned desert viper's ability to hunt at night has always puzzled biologists. Though it lies with its HEAD buried in the sand, it
can strike with great precision as soon as prey appears. Now, Young and physicists Leo van Hemmen and Paul Friedel at the
Technical University of Munich in Germany have developed a computer model of the snake's auditory SYSTEM to explain how
the snake "hears" its prey without really having the ears for it . Although the vipers have INTERNAL ears that can hear
FREQUENCIES between 200 and 1000 hertz, it is not the sound of the mouse scurrying about that they are detecting. "The
snakes don't have external EARDRUMS," says Van Hemmen. "So unless the mouse wears boots and starts stamping, the snake
won't hear it."

[Version 1)

The horned desert viper's ability to hunt at night has always puzzled biologists. Though it lies with its HEAD buried in the sand, it
can strike with great precision as soon as prey appears. Although the vipers have INTERNAL ears the snakes don't have external
EARDRUMS.
30.

Steven Pinker, a cognitive psychologist best known for his book "The Language Instinct", has called music "auditory cheesecake,
an exquisite confection crafted to tickle the sensitive spots of at least six of our mental faculties." If it VANISHED from our
species, he said, "the rest of our lifestyle would be VIRTUALLY unchanged." Others have argued that, on the CONTRARY, music,
along with art and Hterature, is part of what makes people human; its absence would have a brutalising effect. Philip Ball, a
British science writer and an avid music enthusiast, comes down somewhere in the middle. He says that music is ingrained in
our auditory, cognitive and motor functions. We have a music INSTINCT as much as a language instinct, and could not rid
ourselves of it if we tried.

31. [ Drop Down: 4 Blanks]

Sydney is becoming effective in making the best of its limited available unconstrained land...
[Comparable, Patronage, Affordability, Consumption)

32. I Drop Down: 4 Blanks)

In our studies, those people on a high-protein diet lost the same amount of weight...
[Observed, Participants, Provide, Supplied].

33. [4 BLANKS 1 MISSING...]

[Version 1]

..............A bonus of dendrochronology is that the width and substructure of each ring reflect the amount of rain and the
SEASON at which the rain fell during that particular year. Thus, tree ring studies also allow one to reconstruct PAST climate; e.g.,
a series of wide rings means a wet period, and a series of narrow rings means a DROUGHT.

[Version 1]

..............A bonus of dendrochronology is that the width and substructure of each ring REFLECT the amount of rain and the
SEASON at which the rain fell during that particular year. Thus, tree ring studies also allow one to reconstruct PAST climate; e.g.,
a series of wide rings means a wet period, and a SERIES of narrow rings means a DROUGHT.

34.

The contemporary ministerial staffing system is large, active and partisan - far larger and further evolved than any Westminster
equivalent. Ministers' demands for help to cope with the pressures of an increasingly competitive and professionalised political
environment have been key drivers of the staffing system's development. But there has not been commensurate growth in
ARRANGEMENTS to support and control it. The OPERATING framework for ministerial staff is FRAGMENTED and ad hoc.

35.

Higher education qualifications provide a substantial ADVANTAGE in the labour market. Higher education graduates are less
likely to be UNEMPLOYED and tend to have HIGHER incomes than those without such qualifications. Having a highly educated
workforce can also lead to increased productivity and innovation and make Australia more COMPETITIVE in the global market.

36.

[VERSION 1]

Researchers already know that spending long periods of time in a ZERO-GRAVITY environment - such as that inside the
International Space station (ISS)- results in loss of bone density and DAMAGE to the body's muscles. That's partly why stays
aboard the ISS are CAPPED at six months. And now, a number of NASA astronauts are reporting that their 20/20 VISION FADED
after spending time in space, with many needing glasses once they returned Earth.

[VERSION 2)

Researchers already know that spending long periods of time in a zero-gravity ENVIRONMENT- such as that inside the
International Space station (ISS)- results in loss of bone density and DAMAGE to the body's muscles. That's partly why stays
aboard the ISS are RESTRICTED to six months. And now, a number of NASA astronauts are reporting that their 20/20 vision
DETERIORATING after spending time in space, with many needing glasses once they returned Earth.
37.

'Just-in-time' is a management philosophy and not a technique. It originally referred to the production of goods to meet
customer DEMAND exactly, in time, quality and quantity, WHETHER the 'customer' is the final purchaser of the product or
another process FURTHER along the production line. It has now come to mean producing with MINIMUM waste. 'Waste' is
taken in its most general sense and includes time and resources as well as materials.

38.

DNA barcoding w. invented by Paul Hebert of the University of Guelph. in Ontario. Canada. in 2003. His idea was to GENERATE a
unique identification tag for each species based on a short STRETCH of DNA. Separating species would then . a simple task of
sequencing this tiny bit of DNA. Dr Heben proposed pan of a gene called cytochrome c oxidase I (COi) as suitable to the task. All
animals have it. It seems to vary enough, but not too much, to act as a reliable marker. And it is easily EXTRACTED because it is
one of a handful of genes found outside the cell nucleus. in structures called mitochondria.

Barcoding has taken off rapidly since Dr Hebert invented it. When the idea was proposed, it was expected to be a BOON to
taxonomists trying to name Me world's millions of species. It has, however, proved to have a far wider range of uses than the
merely aradernic-most promisingly in the REALM of public health.

One health-related project is the Mosquito Barcoding Initiative being run by Yvonne-Marie Linton of the Natural History
Museum in London. This aims to barcode 80% of the world's mosquitoes within the next two years, to help control mosquito-
borne diseases. Mosquitoes are RESPONSIBLE for half a billion malarial infections and lm deaths every year. They also
TRANSMIT devastating diseases such as yellow fever, West Nile fever and dengue. However, efforts to control them are
consistently UNDERMINED by the difficulty and expense of identifying mosquitoes-of which there are at least 3,500 species,
many of them hard to tell apart.

39.

From the wolves' perspective, this is clearly good news. But it also had beneficial effects on the ecology of the park, according to
a study published in 2004 by William Ripple and Robert Beschta from Oregon State University. In their paper in BioScience, the
two researchers showed that reintroducing the wolves was CORRELATED with increased growth of willow and cottonwood in
the park. Why? Because grazing animals such as elk were AVOIDING sites from which they couldn't easily escape, the scientists
CLAIMED. And as the woody plants and trees grew taller and thicker, beaver COLONIES expanded.

40.

By the Bronze Age drinking VESSELS were being made of sheet metal, primarily bronze or gold. However, the peak of feasting -
and in particular, of the 'political' type of feast - came in the late Hallstatt period (about 600-450 BC), soon after the foundation
of the Greek COLONY of Massalia (Marseille) at the mouth of the Rhine. From that date on, the blood of the grape began to
make its way north and east along major river systems together with imported metal and ceramic drinking vessels from the
Greek world.

WINE was thus added to the list of mood-altering beverages - such as mead and ale (see coloured text below) - available to
establish social networks in Iron Age Europe. Attic pottery fragments found at hillforts such as Heuneburg in Germany and luxury
goods such as the monumental 5th century Greek bronze krater (or wine mixing vessel) found at Vix in Burgundy supply
archaeological evidence of this interaction. Organic CONTAINERS such as leather or wooden wine barrels may also have
travelled north into Europe but have not survived. It is unknown what goods were TRADED in return, but they may have
included salted meat, hides, timber, amber and slaves.

41.

Leonard Lauder, chief executive of the company his mother founded, says she always thought she "was· growing a nice little
business." And that it is. A little business that CONTROLS 45% of the cosmetics market in U.S. department stores. A little
business that sells in 118 countries and last year grew to be $3.6 billion big in sales. The Lauder family's shares are worth more
than $6 billion.

But early on, there wasn't a burgeoning business, there weren't houses in New York, Palm Beach, Fla., or the south of France. It
is said that at one point there was one person to answer the telephones who CHANGED her voice to become the shipping or
billing department as needed. You more or less know the Estee Lauder story because it's a chapter from the book of American
business folklore. In short, Josephine Esther Mentzer, daughter of immigrants, lived above her father's hardware store in
Corona, a section of Queens in New York City. She started her ENTERPRISE by selling skin creams concocted by her uncle, a
chemist, in beauty shops, beach clubs and resorts.

No doubt the potions were good - Estee Lauder was a quality fanatic - but the saleslady was better. Much better. And she
simply outworked everyone else in the cosmetics industry. She STALKED the bosses of New York City department stores until
she got some count r space at Saks Fifth Avenue in 1948. And once in that space, she utilized a personal selling approach that
proved as POTENT as the promise of her skin regimens and perfumes.

42.

Mintel Consumer Intelligence ESTIMATES the 2002 market for vegetarian foods, those that directly replace meat or other animal
products, to be $1.S billion. Note that this excludes traditional vegetarian foods such as produce, pasta, and rice. Mintel
forecasts the market to nearly double by 2006 to $2.8 billion, with the highest growth coming from soymilk, especially
refrigerated brands.

The Food and Drug Administration's 1999 decision to allow manufacturers to include heart -healthy claims on foods that deliver
at least 6.25 grams of soy protein per serving and are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol has spurred TREMENDOUS
interest in soymilk and other soy foods . A representative of manufacturer Food Tech International (Veggie Patch brand) reported
that from 1998 to 1999, the percentage of CONSUMERS willing to try soy products jumped from 32% to 67%. Beliefs about soy's
EFFECTIVENESS in reducing the symptoms of menopause also attracted new consumers. A 2000 survey conducted by the United
Soybean Board showed that the number of people eating soy products once a week or more was up to 27%. Forty-five percent
of respondents had tried tofu, 41% had sampled veggie burgers, and 25% had experience with soymilk (Soy Foods USA e-mail
newsletter). Mintel estimates 2001 sales of frozen and refrigerated meat ALTERNATIVES in food stores at nearly $300 million,
with soymilk sales nearing $250 million.

43.

The most VITAL ingredient in Indian cooking, the BASIC element with which all dishes begin and, normally, the cheapest
vegetable available, the pink onion is an essential item in the shopping basket of families of all classes. A popular saying holds
that you will never starve because you can always afford a roti (a piece of simple, flat bread) and an onion.

But in recent weeks, the onion has started to seem an unaffordable LUXURY for India's poor. Over the past few days, another
sharp SURGE in prices has begun to unsettle the influential urban middle classes. The sudden spike in prices has been caused by
large exports to neighboring countries and a shortage of SUPPLY. But the INCREASE follows a trend of rising consumer prices
across the board - from diesel fuel to cement, from milk to lentils.

44.

Founded after World War II by 51 "peace-loving states" combined to oppose future aggression, the UN now counts 193 member
nations, INCLUDING its newest members, Nauru, Kiribati, and Tonga in 1999, Tuvalu and Yugoslavia in 2000, Switzerland and
East Timor in 2002, Montenegro in 2006, and South Sudan in 2011.

United Nations Day has been OBSERVED on October 24 since 1948 and celebrates the objectives and accomplishments of the
organization, which was established on October 24, 1945.

The UN ENGAGES in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions across the globe. Though some say its INFLUENCE has declined in
recent decades, the United Nations still plays a tremendous role in world politics. In 2001 the United Nations and Kofi Annan,
then secretary-general of the UN, won the Nobel Peace Prize "for their work for a better organized and more peaceful world."

Since 1948 there have been 63 UN peacekeeping OPERATIONS; 16 are currently underway. Thus far, close to 130 nations have
contributed personnel at various times; 119 are currently providing peacekeepers. As of 31 August 2008, there were 16
peacekeeping operations underway with a total of 88,230 personnel. The small island nation of Fiji has taken part in virtually
every UN peacekeeping operation, as has Canada.

45.

Thea Proctor was just sixteen when her entry at the Bowral Art Competition caught the eye of the judge, Arthur Streeton. It was
the first of many associations with art world RECRUITS. The next year saw her at the Julian Ashton Art School in the illustrious
company of Elioth Gruner, Sydney Long and George Lambert, for whom she often posed and who REMAINED her great friend
until his death in 1930.

Lambert's paintings and sketches of Proctor emphasize the elegance of her dress. A keen interest in fashion was just one ASPECT
of her fascination with design, and she saw herself as an early style guru on a quest to rid Australian art of "its lack of
imagination and inventive design". Skilled in watercolor" and drawing, Proctor did not LIMIT herself to paper, canvases or to her
popular magazine illustrations; she designed theater sets and a restaurant interior and wrote on a range of subjects from flower
arranging to the colors of cars. It made for a busy and VARIED life but, as she said, she was not the sort of person "who could sit
at home and knit socks."

46. .

During the day, the sun heats up both the ocean surface and the land. WATER is a good absorber of the energy from the sun.
The land absorbs much of the sun's energy as well. However, water heats up much more slowly than land and so the air above
the land will be WARMER compared to the air over the ocean. The warm air over the land will rise throughout the day, causing
low pressure at the surface. Over the water, high surface pressure will form because of the colder air. To COMPENSATE, the air
will sink over the ocean. The wind will blow from the higher pressure over the water to lower pressure over the land causing the
sea breeze. The sea breeze strength will vary depending on the temperature DIFFERENCE between the land and the ocean.

47.

[VERSION 1)

Colorful poison frogs in the Amazon owe their great DIVERSITY to ancestors that leapt into the region from the Andes
Mountains several times during the last 10 million years, a new study from The University of Texas at Austin suggests. This is the
first study to show that the Andes have been a major source of diversity for the Amazon basin, one of the largest RESERVOIRS of
biological diversity on Earth. The finding runs COUNTER to the idea that Amazonian diversity is the result of evolution only
within the TROPICAL forest itself. "Basically, the Amazon basin is a 'melting pot' for South American frogs," says graduate
student Juan Santos, lead author of the study. "Poison frogs there have come from multiple places of origin, notably the Andes
Mountains, over many millions of years. We have shown that you cannot understand Amazonian biodiversity by looking only in
the BASIN. Adjacent regions have played a major role."

[VERSION 2)

Colorful poison frogs in the Amazon owe their great diversity to ancestors that leapt into the region from the Andes Mountains
several times during the last 10 million years, a new study from The University of Texas at Austin suggests. This is the first study
to show that the Andes have been a major SOURCE of diversity for the Amazon basin, one of the largest RESERVOIRS of
biological diversity on Earth. The finding runs counter to the idea that Amazonian diversity is the result of evolution only within
the tropical forest itself. "Basically, the Amazon basin is a 'melting pot' for South American frogs," says graduate student Juan
Santos, lead author of the study. "Poison frogs there have come from multiple places of ORIGIN notably the Andes Mountains,
over many millions of years. We have shown that you cannot understand Amazonian biodiversity by looking only IN the basin.
Adjacent regions have played a major role."

[VERSION 3)

This is the first study to show that the Andes have been a MAJOR source of diversity for the Amazon basin, one of the largest
RESERVOIRS of biological diversity on Earth. The finding runs COUNTER to the idea that Amazonian diversity is the result of
evolution only within the TROPICAL forest itself. "Basically, the Amazon basin is a 'melting pot' for South American frogs," says
graduate student Juan Santos, lead author of the study. "Poison frogs there have come from multiple places of origin, notably
the Andes Mountains, over many millions of years. We have shown that you cannot understand Amazonian biodiversity by
looking only in the BASIN. Adjacent regions have played a major role."

48.

School-to-work transition is a historically PERSISTENT topic of educational policymaking and reform that impacts national
systems of vocational education and training. The TRANSITION process refers to a period between completion of general
education and the beginning of vocational education or the beginning of gainful employment as well as to training systems,
institutions, and programs that prepare young people for careers. The status passage of youth from school-to-work has changed
structurally under late modernism, and young people are FORCED to adapt to changing demands of their environment
especially when planning for entry into the labor market. Since the transition to a job is seen as a major success in life, youth
who manage this step successfully are more OPTIMISTIC about their future; still others are disillusioned and pushed to the
margins of society. While some young people have developed successful strategies to cope with these requirements, those
undereducated and otherwise disadvantaged in society often face serious problems when trying to prepare for careers. Longer
transitions lead to a greater vulnerability and to RISKY behaviors.

49.

The morality of the welfare state DEPENDS on contribution and responsibility. Since some people don't CONTRIBUTE and many
are irresponsible, the choices of those who do contribute and are responsible is either to tolerate the free riders, refuse to pay
for the effects of their irresponsibility or trust the state to EDUCATE them. Hence the government campaigns AGAINST smoking,
alcoholism, obesity and gas guzzling - the first two solidly in place, the other two ramping up. But the British state now goes
further: it acts in favour of sexual and racial minorities. In the case of gay men and women this means progressively removing
the legal disadvantages under which they have lived, and ensuring that society as a whole OBSERVES the new order.

so.
The trigger point causes the rest of the fiber segments to be STRETCHED to capacity. It becomes a tight band. Normally the
regular contracting and releasing of these little segments circulates blood in the capillaries that supply them (the segments) with
their nutrients. When they hold this CONTRACTION, blood flow is stopped to that area, there is not an oxygen supply, and waste
products are not PUSHED out. The trigger point then sends out pain signals until the trigger point is
put in a position of rest again.