VISHVAN CLASSES

SUBJECT: SCIENCE MAX. MARKS: 80

CLASS : X DURATION: 3 HRS

General Instruction:
(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 3 sections. Section A is Biology, Section B is
Chemistry and Section C is Physics.
(ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A
student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
(iii) Section-A has Q1 to Q9 carrying 1 mark each, Q10 to Q12 carrying 2 marks each, Q13 to Q14
carrying 3 marks, Q15 carrying Case Study Question of 4 marks and Q16 carrying 5 marks.
(iv) Section-B has Q17 to Q24 carrying 1 mark each, Q25 carrying 2 marks, Q26 to Q27 carrying
3 marks each, Q28 carrying Case Study Question of 4 marks and Q29 carrying 5 marks.
(v) Section-C has Q30 to Q32 carrying 1 mark each, Q33 to Q34 carrying 2 marks each, Q35 to
Q37 carrying 3 marks each, Q38 carrying Case Study Question of 4 marks and Q39 carrying
5 marks.

SECTION – A (Biology)
Questions 1 to 16

1. Mahima went to a nursery along with her parents and saw beautiful flowers. She wondered
whether the information she knew was true or not. She wrote few statements. Now find out
which of the following statements are true for flowers?
(i) Flowers are produced by both gymnosperms and angiosperms.
(ii) Flowers are sexual reproductive organs.
(iii) Flowers are always bisexual.
(iv) After fertilisation, sepals, petals and stamens of the flower fall off.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (it) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

2. Select the incorrect statement.

All green plants and blue-green algae are called producers as
(a) they contain chlorophyll and capture the energy from the sun.
(b) they convert solar energy into chemical energy.
(c) they prepare their food using inorganic substances by the process of photosynthesis.
(d) during the process of photosynthesis, they use oxygen and give out carbon dioxide.

3. What prevents backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction?

(a) Valves in heart (b) Thick muscular walls of ventricles
(c) Thin walls of atria (d) Inner lining of the heart

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4. Abhir’s doctor suggested him to use contraceptive methods to keep a gap between the two
children. He thought to use mechanical barrier method which not only prevents sperms to reach
the egg but also helps in prevention of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. Which one
of the following method does he use?
(a) Surgical method (b) Use of condom (c) Use of chemicals (c) Use of copper-T

5. The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as
transpiration.
Select the statement which is not related to transpiration.
(a) Transpiration helps in temperature regulation.
(b) Transpiration pull only is enough to move water from roots to the leaves of the plant.
(c) Transpiration helps in the absorption and upward movement of water and minerals dissolved
in it from roots to the leaves.
(d) During the day, transpiration pull is the major driving force in the movement of water in the
xylem

6. A child observed a patch of greenish- black powdery mass on a stale piece of bread. Which of
the following organism is responsible for this and what is its specific mode of asexual
reproduction?
(a) Rhizobium and spore formation (b) Bread mould and fragmentation
(c) Rhizopus and budding (d) Rhizopus and spore formation

7. On seeing a tiger, Aditi instantly jumped back. She then slowly moved from the spot. Which of
the following statements give/s the correct difference between jumping and slowly walking
away?
(i) Instant jumping is an involuntary reflex action.
(ii) 'Walking away is a voluntary action controlled by the cerebrum.
(iii) Instant jumping is an involuntary action controlled by the brain.
(iv) Walking away is a voluntary action controlled by the cerebellum.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (i)
(b) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)

The following two questions consist of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

8. Assertion (A): The cerebellum is the main thinking part of the brain.
Reason (R): The cerebellum controls the voluntary actions like walking, posture and maintains
balance of the body.

9. Assertion (A): As human beings occupy the topmost level of any food chain, the maximum
concentration of these chemicals get accumulated in the human body.
Reason (R): Food chain helps to understand the movement of toxic substances in an ecosystem
and the problem of their biological magnification.

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10. (a) In single-celled organisms, no specific organs for taking in food, exchange of gases or
removal of wastes are present. How do these organisms meet their oxygen requirements?
(b) How does Paramoecium obtain its food?
OR
How do leaves of plants help in excretion?

11. Why is the flow of signals in a synapse from axonal end of one neuron to dendrite end of another
neuron but not the reverse?

12. (a) How is human brain protected from injuries and mechanical shocks?
(b) How is spinal cord protected and from where it originates?

13. (a) Classify the given wastes into two categories-biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.
Leather purse, Plastic bag, Fruit peels, Egg shells.
(b) Suggest one method of disposal for each type of waste.
(c) List one impact of each type of the accumulated waste on environment if not disposed off
properly.

14. Give reasons: (a) In a bisexual flower, inspite of the young stamens being removed artificially
the flower produces fruit.
(b) All multicellular organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through fragmentation or
regeneration.
(c) Sperms and ova have half the number of chromosomes whereas the zygote formed after the
fertilisation of a sperm and an ovum has same number of chromosomes as parents.

15. Case Study: To sustain life, our body must produce enough energy which is produced by
burning of food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Oxidation of food molecules produces
carbon dioxide and water. To take in oxygen and to expel out carbon dioxide, respiratory system
is present in human beings. The respiratory system starts at the nose and mouth and continues
through the airways and the lungs. The energy released during the process of respiration is used
to make an ATP molecule from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Attempt either subpart (a) or (b)

(a) Name and draw the balloon like structures present in the lungs. List its two functions.
OR
(b) Write the pathway for the breakdown of glucose
(i) in yeast cells and
(ii) in mitochondria
(c) Sometimes you get cramps in your legs. What is the reason behind it?
(d) Blood is red in colour due to the presence of a pigment. Name the respiratory pigment. Where
is it present and what is its function?

16. (a) Human beings produce two different types of gametes by the process of cell division i.e.
meiosis and gametes have chromosomal difference. What is the importance of the
chromosomal difference of the two types of gametes of human beings?
(b) What are chromosomes? Where are they located in the cell?

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 (c) What is the law of dominance of traits? Explain the law by taking an example of plants
having red coloured (RR) and white coloured flowers (rr).
OR
(a) Why is DNA copying necessary during reproduction?
(b) What is law of segregation of traits? Explain the law by taking an example of animals having
white fur (WW) and brown fur (ww).
(c) Identify the phenotypes of F1, generation and genotypes of F2, generation where the parent
animals have white fur (WW) and calculate the percentage of brown fur animals.

SECTION – B (Chemistry)
Questions 17 to 29

17. Identify x, y and z in the following balanced reaction.

x Pb(NO₃)₂(s) → y PbO(s) + z NO₂(g) + O₂(g)
(a) 2, 4, 2 (b) 2, 2, 4 (c) 2, 4, 4 (d) 4, 2, 2

18. Ethanol reacts with Na metal to form

(a) CH₃ONa + H₂ (b) C₂H₅ONa + H₂ (c) CH₃COONa + H₂ (d) CH₃COOH + H₂O

19. Four test tubes, containing unknown solutions, are shown along with colours. FeSO₄ is
contained in test tube ____.

(a) (II) (b) (IV) (c) (III) (d) (I)

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20. Which of the following is Gypsum?
(a) CaSO₄·½H₂O (b) CaSO₄·H₂O (c) CaSO₄·2H₂O (d) CaSO₄·3H₂O

21. Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime.
CaO(s) + H₂O(l) → Ca(OH)₂(aq) This
reaction can be classified as:
(A) Combination reaction (B) Exothermic reaction
(C) Endothermic reaction (D) Oxidation reaction
Which of the following is a correct option?
(a) (A) and (C) (b) (C) and (D) (c) (A), (C) and (D) (d) (A) and (B)

22. The following reaction is an example of a

4NH₃(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H₂O(g)
(i) Displacement reaction
(ii) Combination reaction
(iii) Redox reaction
(iv) Neutralisation reaction
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)

23. Which of the following acid is also known as vinegar?

(a) Dilute hydrochloric acid (b) Dilute sulphuric acid
(c) Dilute acetic acid (d) Dilute tartaric acid

The following question consists of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer this question by selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

24. Assertion (A): Rubbing baking soda solution on the area stung by a bee gives relief.
Reason (R): Baking soda is base and neutralises the effect of methanoic acid injected into the
area by the insect.

25. Write the electron dot structure of ethane (C₂H₆) and ethene (C₂H₄).

26. A carboxylic acid C₂H₄O₂ reacts with an alcohol in the presence of H₂SO₄ to form a compound
‘X’. The alcohol on oxidation with alkaline KMnO₄ followed by acidification gives the same
carboxylic acid, C₂H₄O₂. Write the name and structure of (a) carboxylic acid, (b) alcohol and
(c) compound ‘X’.

27. What is meant by ‘rusting’? With labelled diagrams, describe an activity to find out the
conditions under which iron rusts.
OR
Explain the following:
(a) Sodium chloride is an ionic compound which does not conduct electricity in solid state
whereas it does conduct electricity in molten state as well as in aqueous solution.
(b) Reactivity of aluminium decreases if it is dipped in nitric acid.
(c) Metals like calcium and magnesium are never found in their free state in nature.
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28. Case Study: The table given below shows pH values obtained for solutions A, B, C, D and E
when tested with universal indicator.
Solution pH
A 4
B 1
C 11
D 7
E 9

(a) Which of these solutions could possibly react with zinc metal to produce H₂
gas? (i) Solution B (ii) Solution D (iii) Solution E
Justify your answer.
(b) What are strong and weak acids? In the following list separate strong from
weak acids:
Citric acid, Nitric acid, Acetic acid, Hydrochloric acid, Sulphuric acid and Formic acid.
OR
What type of salt will be formed when solution B is mixed with solution E and why? What is
the nature of solution D?
(c) Which of these solutions could be the raw material for industrial manufacturing of
chlorine? (i) Solution A (ii) Solution B (iii) Solution C (iv) Solution D
Justify your answer.

29. (a) What is an oxidation reaction? Give an example. Is oxidation exothermic or endothermic?
(b) When the powder of a reddish-brown coloured metal is heated in an open china dish, its
colour turns black. However, when hydrogen is passed over the hot black substance so
formed, it regains its original colour. Based on the above information answer:
(i) What type of chemical reaction takes place in each step?
(ii) Name the metal initially taken in powdered form. Write balanced chemical equations for
both reactions.
OR
A metal nitrate ‘A’ on heating gives yellowish-brown metal oxide along with brown gas ‘B’
and a colourless gas ‘C’. Aqueous solution of ‘A’ on reaction with potassium iodide forms a
yellow precipitate of compound ‘D’. Identify ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’. Also identify both types of
reactions.

SECTION – C (Physics)
Questions 30 to 39

30. A current of 0.9 mA is drawn by a filament of an electric bulb for 40 minutes. What would be
the amount of electric charge that flows through the circuit?
(a) 36 C (b) 3.6C (c) 2.16 C (d) 21.6 C

31. Earth wire carries

(a) Current (b) voltage (c) no current (d) heat

The following question consists of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer this question by selecting the appropriate option given below:
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 (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

32. Assertion (A): The power of a lens increases when its focal length decreases.
Reason (R): The power of a lens is inversely proportional to focal length.

33. (i) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamps?
(ii) Why are the conductors of electric heating devices, such as bread-toasters and electric irons,
made of an alloy rather than a pure metal?
OR
(i) Why is the series arrangement not used for domestic circuits?
(ii) Why are copper and aluminium wires usually employed for electricity transmission?

34. For the following two cases, state whether the obliquely incident ray light on interface of
medium 1 and medium 2 will bend towards or away from the normal after refraction, in medium

35. (a) How is the direction of magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet different from outside the
bar magnet?
(b) The magnetic field lines in a given region are getting crowded. What does it indicate?
(c) Why do not two magnetic lines of force intersect each other?

36. A fuse wire melts at 5 A. If it is desired that the fuse wire of the same material melt at 10 A,
then should the new fuse wire be of smaller or larger radius than the earlier one? Give reason
for your answer.

37. The diagram shows a beam of electrons about to enter a magnetic field. The direction of the
field is into the page.

‘What will be the direction of deflection, if any, as the beam passes through the field?

38. Case Study: Naina along with her friends went for boating in a nearby lake. They planned to
catch a fish while boating. Naina tried to catch it, thinking that it was very close to the boat. But
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 it was not as the fish was deep in water. In doing so Naina fell into the water also. 4
Attempt either subpart (c) or (d)
(a) Why did the fish appear close to the boat to Naina?
(b) State two examples of phenomenon of refraction of light in everyday life situations.
(c) What is the cause of refraction of light? State the two conditions in which no refraction of
light occurs.
OR
(d) A pond of depth 30 cm is filled with water of refractive index 5/3. Calculate the apparent
depth of the tank when viewed normally.

39. (a) Dimpy is unable to see distinctly the words printed on a newspaper. Identify the defect of
vision she has. What are the reasons that cause this defect? Draw a figure showing (i) the
defected eye and (ii) the eye after correction.
(b) What is dispersion of light? Name component of white light that deviate (i) the least (ii) the
most while passing through a glass prism.
OR
(a) A person needs a lens of power –2.5D for correction of his vision.
(i) What kind of defect in vision is he suffering from and what are the causes of this defect?
(ii) Calculate the focal length of the corrective lens and find out the nature of the corrective
lens.
(b) Why is Tyndall’s effect shown by colloidal particles? State two instances of observing the
Tyndall effect.

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