Objective type Questions (1 mark)
1. Name the sound waves used by bats to move about freely even in dark nights and
search out prey.
2. Write the relation between speed of sound wave, wavelength of wave and frequency
of wave.
Three marks Questions
3. (a) State what is the outer ear called? Explain its function.
(b) How does the amplitude of loud sound differ from that of soft sound?
4. Define the term tone. A person is listening to a sound of 500 Hz sitting at
a distance of 450 m from the source of the sound. What is the time interval
between successive compressions reaching his ears from the source.
5. Study the figure shown below and answer the following questions.
(i) Name the technique depicted in the figure.
(ii) What is the principle of this technique
(iii) List its two applications.
6. A sound wave with frequency higher than 20 kHz is not audible for human ear‟.
Answer the following in respect of this statement.
(i) What is the term used for such a sound?
(ii) Name two organisms producing sound in this range.
(iii)Write an application of such a wave.
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7. What is an echo? State the conditions required to hear an echo.
Five marks Questions
8. (i) What is the audible range of the average human ear?
(ii) Name two organisms producing sound in the infrasound range.
(iii) Define reverberation and mention two methods by which it is reduced in halls.
9. (a) Differentiate between transverse and longitudinal waves. Give one example of
each.
(b) Briefly explain how sound travels in air
10. (a) Mention the audible range of frequencies for human beings. Differentiate
between infrasonic and ultrasonic frequencies. Name any two animals
which produce infrasonic sounds and two animals which produce
ultrasonic sounds.
(b) Briefly explain any two practical applications of ultrasonic waves.
11. State laws of reflection of sound. Explain three applications based on these laws.
12. (i) Explain why are sound waves called mechanical waves?
(ii) Derive this relationship between the wavelength of a sound wave and
its frequency with its speed.
(iii) In which medium the speed of sound will be greater –air or water?
Give reason for your answer.
13. (a) Define the following terms and give their SI unit.
(i) Time Period
(ii) Wavelength
(b) A source of sound emits a wave of wavelength 2.9m. Find the frequency
of wave emitted by the source. Velocity of sound wave is 340ms-1?
14. Describe an experiment with a neat diagram to show that “sound needs a medium
to propagate. It cannot travel in vacuum”.
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SOLUTIONS TO THE QUESTIONS PROVIDED
Objective type Questions (1 mark)
4. Ultrasound waves
5. V=λxν
Three marks Questions
6. (a) Pinna. It helps in the collection of sound waves.
(b) Amplitude of loud sound will be more than the soft sound.
4. The sound of a single frequency is called the tone.
T= 1/ν= 1/500 = 0.002 s
10.
(i) SONAR
(ii) Finding the time taken for the ultra sound waves to reflect back from the
reflecting surface and knowing the speed of the ultrasound through water, the
distance between the source of sound and reflecting surface can be found as
D = vxt/2
(iii) 1. To find the depth of the sea
2. To locate the underwater objects
11. A sound wave with frequency higher than 20 kHz is not audible for human ear‟.
Answer the following in respect of this statement.
(iv) Ultra sound waves
(v) Bats and ultrasound waves
(vi) SONAR. To determine the depth of the sea
12. The repeated reflection of sound is called an Echo. There should be a minimum
distance of 17.2 m between the source of sound and reflecting surface to get clear
echo.
Five marks Questions
13. (i) 20 Hz-20000 Hz
(ii) Rhinoceros, Elephants
(iii) Repeated reflection of sound which results in the persistence of sound is called
the reverberation. To minimise reverberation the sound absorbent materials like fibre
board and rough plaster can be used.
14. (a) Transverse wave- The wave in which the particles vibrate perpendicular to the
direction of the [Link]. Light
Longitudinal wave- The wave in which the particles vibrate perpendicular to the
direction of the wave. E.g. Sound
(b) The vibrations produced by the source is transferred to the particles in the
medium. The vibrations are carried through the particles in the medium. During the
propagation, the particles come closer to each other forming a high-pressure region
called the compression. When there is more space between the particles, that results
in the low-pressure region called the rarefaction. The compressions and rarefactions
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thus formed are carried through the particles in the medium as a disturbance called
the wave. The waves reach the listeners ear to hear the sound.
10. (a) 20 [Link] sound of frequency below 20 Hz are called
Infrasonic sound. The sound of frequency above 20000 Hz are called
ultrasonic sound.
Two animals which produce infrasonic sounds- Rhinoceros and elephants
Two animals which produce ultrasonic sounds. – Bats and dolphins
(b) SONAR - . To determine the depth of the sea
Ultrasonography – To take the images of internal organs.
11. The angle of incidence = angle of reflection
The incident ray, normal and reflected ray all lie along the same plane.
Reflection of sound is used (1) in the working of Stethoscope
(2) in the working of megaphones
12. (i) During the propagation of sound as there is movement of particles, it is
called as mechanical wave.
(ii) Speed = Distance/Time
Speed of Sound = Distance travelled by a point on Wave/Time
Speed of Sound = Wave length/Time Period
Speed of Sound (v) = Wave length(λ) /Time Period (T)
v = λ/T
= 𝝀𝝀∗1/T
v= 𝝀𝝀∗𝝂
(vii) The speed of sound is greater in water than that of air because the particles
are close to each other in water than in air.
13. (a) (I) Time taken for one complete wave is known as Time period. Its SI unit
is seconds
(ii) The distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefactions is
called the wavelength
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(b) λ=2.9m.
v =340ms-1
ν= v/λ= 340/2.9 = 117.2 Hz
14. Bell jar experiment.
An electric bell is fitted inside a bell jar. The bell jar is connected to a
vacuum pump. Once the switch is made on, the sound of the electric bell can
be heard. When the vacuum pump is made on, the air inside the bell jar
is evacuated. The sound of the ringing bell becomes feeble and feeble. Once the
full air is evacuated from the bell jar, even though the electric bell works, the
sound cannot be heard at all.
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