CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
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[Link]/vedantumath1
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Topics to be covered
● What is Matrix
● Order of a Matrix
● Types of Matrices
● Algebra of matrices
# Addition and Subtraction of Matrices
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Definition: An ordered rectangular array of some
numbers or functions.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Definition: An ordered rectangular array of some
numbers or functions.
The numbers or functions are called the elements
or the entries of a matrix
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Definition: An ordered rectangular array of some
numbers or functions.
The numbers or functions are called the elements
or the entries of a matrix
Eg:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Definition: An ordered rectangular array of some
numbers or functions.
The numbers or functions are called the elements
or the entries of a matrix
Eg:
Note
Matrices are denoted by capital letters A, B, C,…
Matrix is an arrangement, its value cannot be found out.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Order of a Matrix: .
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Order of a Matrix: A matrix having m rows and n
columns is called a matrix of order m x n and read
as a “m by n matrix”.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Order of a Matrix: A matrix having m rows and n
columns is called a matrix of order m x n and read
Chess Board
as a “m by n matrix”.
aij represents the element
of the ith row and jth
column.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Introduction to matrices
Order of a Matrix: A matrix having m rows and n
columns is called a matrix of order m x n and read
as a “m by n matrix”.
aij represents the element
of the ith row and jth
column.
Order Of Matrix = No. of Rows x no. of columns = m x n
Total no. of elements = mn
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Column Matrix
Types of Matrices
Row Matrix
Square Matrix
Diagonal Matrix
Scalar Matrix
Identity Matrix
Zero Matrix
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Column Matrix: Matrix having only one column.
A = [aij]n×1
Eg:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Row Matrix: Matrix having only one row.
A = [aij]1×n
Eg: [-1 2]1×2, [1 2 3]1×3
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Square Matrix: Matrix with Number of rows
= Number of columns.
If m = n, then A = [aij]m×n, is called a square matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Square Matrix: Matrix with Number of rows
= Number of columns.
If m = n, then A = [aij]m×n, is called a square matrix.
Eg:
Leading Diagonal
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix whose elements
except leading diagonal are zero i.e B = [bij]m×n, if
bij = 0, when i ≠ j.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Scalar Matrix: If B = [bij]m×n, be a diagonal matrix.
Then B = [bij]m×m is said to be scalar matrix if
0, when i ≠ j
k, when i = j, for some constant k.
Both are diagonal Matrix
Eg: Scalar Matrix
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Identity Matrix: If A = [aij]n×n, and
Then A is an Identity Matrix.
Identity matrix of order n is denoted by In.
Eg:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Zero Matrix: If all elements of a matrix are zero.
It is denoted by O.
Eg:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Note
The sum of the leading diagonal elements of a square
matrix is called trace of matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Types of Matrices
Note
The sum of the leading diagonal elements of a square
matrix is called trace of matrix.
Ex: Trace of matrix is 3 + 1 + 5 = 9.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
NCERT Exemplar
The matrix is a _______ matrix.
A Square
B Diagonal
C Unit
D None of these
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
NCERT Exemplar
The matrix is a _______ matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
NCERT Exemplar
The matrix is a _______ matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
NCERT Exemplar
The matrix is a _______ matrix.
A Square
B Diagonal
C Unit
D None of these
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
We know that, in a square matrix number of rows are equal
to the number of columns.
So, the matrix is a square matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Assertion: Matrix is a diagonal Matrix.
Reason: A = [aij] is a square matrix such that aij = 0 ∀
i ≠ j, Then A is called a diagonal Matrix.
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and
A
Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason
B is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
C Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Assertion: Matrix is a diagonal Matrix.
Reason: A = [aij] is a square matrix such that aij = 0 ∀
i ≠ j, Then A is called a diagonal Matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Assertion: Matrix is a diagonal Matrix.
Reason: A = [aij] is a square matrix such that aij = 0 ∀
i ≠ j, Then A is called a diagonal Matrix.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Assertion: Matrix is a diagonal Matrix.
Reason: A = [aij] is a square matrix such that aij = 0 ∀
i ≠ j, Then A is called a diagonal Matrix.
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and
A
Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason
B is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
C Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
We know that, A square matrix in which , is
called a diagonal matrix.
In the Assertion the given matrix is not a square matrix as
its order is 3 x 4.
Thus, it is not a diagonal matrix.
Hence, Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Which of the following is a correct statement?
A Diagonal matrix is also a scalar matrix
Identity matrix is a particular case of diagonal
B matrix
C Scalar matrix is not a diagonal matrix
D Null matrix cannot be a square matrix
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Which of the following is a correct statement?
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Which of the following is a correct statement?
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Which of the following is a correct statement?
A Diagonal matrix is also a scalar matrix
Identity matrix is a particular case of diagonal
B matrix
C Scalar matrix is not a diagonal matrix
D Null matrix cannot be a square matrix
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
Scalar matrix is a particular case of a diagonal matrix,
where all the diagonal elements are same. Thus every
diagonal matrix is not a scalar matrix.
Identity matrix is a particular case of Scalar matrix where
all the diagonal elements are same and have the value 1
By definition of Scalar matrix it is a diagonal matrix.
Null matrix can be of any order and any type.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Algebra of Matrices
Equality of Matrices: Two matrices are said to be equal if
they are of the same order and if their corresponding
elements are equal.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Algebra of Matrices
Addition and Subtraction of Matrices:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Algebra of Matrices
Addition and Subtraction of Matrices:
If and then,
Note
For addition and subtraction of matrices, the order of matrices
should be same.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Algebra of Matrices
Multiplication of a Matrix by Scalar:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Algebra of Matrices
Multiplication of a Matrix by Scalar:
If is a matrix and k is a scalar, Then
Eg. If , then
Note
When a matrix is multiplied by a scalar, then each of its
elements are multiplied by the same scalar.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2013, 2015
Find the values of a, b, c and d from the equation:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2013, 2015
Find the values of a, b, c and d from the equation:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2013, 2015
Find the values of a, b, c and d from the equation:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
Given,
Comparing the corresponding elements, we get:
a – b = -1
2a – b = 0…(1)
…(2)
2a + c = 5
…(3)
3c + d = 13
From (2), …(4)
we have: b = 2a
Putting the value of b in (1), we have:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
a – 2a = -1
⇒a=1⇒b=2
Now, from (3), we have:
2x1+c=5
⇒c=3
From (4), we have:
3 x 3 + d = 13
⇒ 9 + d = 13 ⇒ d = 4
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2019
Find a matrix A such that 2A - 3B + 5C = O, where
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2019
Find a matrix A such that 2A - 3B + 5C = O, where
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE 2019
Find a matrix A such that 2A - 3B + 5C = O, where
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
Let
Given 2A - 3B + 5C = O
Now
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
∴ From (i), we get
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Compute the following:
D
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Compute the following:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Compute the following:
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Compute the following:
D
Solution:
=
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
D
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
D
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
Given ……(i)
and ……(ii)
Multiplying (i) with 2 and adding in (ii), we get
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
CBSE-2020
If and , then A = ____.
CLASS 12 - MATHS - MATRICES
Solution:
51867 subscribers
[Link]/vedantumath1