Module 1 II.

Components of ICT:

Lesson 1 - Introduction to ICT: Review 1. Data: Raw facts, figures, and statistics
Outline encoded for processing.
2. Hardware: Physical components needed
I. IT vs ICT: to input and process data.
- Input Devices (e.g., keyboard,
A. IT (Information Technology): mouse)
- Installs and configures hardware, software, - Output Devices (e.g., monitor,
systems, and networks. printer)
- Supports, maintains, and monitors - Processor Devices (CPUs)
applications and file servers. - Storage Devices (Hard disks)
- Diagnoses and solves hardware/software - Communication Devices (Facilitate
issues. communication using media)
- Maintains server installation standards. 3. Information: The result of processing
- Updates ICT Governance Framework. data.
- Tests new technology. 4. People/Users: Individuals who supply and
- Identifies problematic areas and enter data and make decisions affecting the
implements solutions. system output.
- Ensures data security, network access, 5. Procedures: Actions and steps to ensure
and backup systems. the system executes tasks.
- Supports Active Directory end users. 6. Software: Computer programs providing
step-by-step instructions.
B. ICT (Information and Communication - Operating System (resource,
Technology): focuses on process, memory, security, file, and
telecommunications to provide users access device management)
to information. - Programming Language
- Designs, develops, implements, and Translators (compiler, interpreter,
coordinates systems, policies, and assembler)
procedures. - Application Software: Handles
- Responsible for networking and security of specific user tasks.
ICT infrastructure. - Word Processing (Grammarly,
- Preserves assets, information security and Microsoft Word, Google Docs, WPS
control structures. Office)
- Procures new hardware and software. - Spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel,
- Monitors and maintains computer systems Google Sheets, Google Workspace)
and networks. - Presentation (Microsoft
- Supports and maintains the ICT PowerPoint, Google Slides, Canva,
infrastructure and core platform. WPS Office)
- Provides technical support. - Database (Microsoft Access,
MySQL)
III. Evolution of ICT: - ENIAC (Electronic
Numerical Integrator and
●​ Pre-Mechanical Age (3000 B.C. – Computer) - designed by
1450 A.D.): John Mauchly and J. Presper
- Use of language and simple Eckert (1945).
drawings (petroglyphs). - Magnetic Drum - Invented
- Development of early by Gustav Tauschek (1932)
alphabets (e.g., Phoenician).
●​ Transistor (1956 - 1963):
●​ Mechanical Age (1450 – 1840): - Transistors made
- Development of new computers smaller, faster,
technologies. cheaper, more
- Slide rule (analog energy-efficient, and reliable.
computer). - MANCHESTER TC
- Pascaline (mechanical Computer - Richard
computer by Blaise Pascal). Grimsdale and Douglas
- Difference engine (Charles Webb (Nov 16, 1953)
Babbage).
●​ Integrated Circuit (1964 - 1971):
●​ Electromechanical Age (1840 – - Use of integrated circuits
1940): (ICs) containing thousands of
- Start of miniaturized transistors.
telecommunications. - Improved reliability, speed,
- Telegraph (1832). size, and cost.
- Morse code (1835). - IBM Model 5150 -
- Telephone (Alexander Developed by a team of
Graham Bell). engineers at IBM, led by Don
- First radio (Gugliemo Estridge
Marconi).
●​ Artificial Intelligence (Present -
●​ Electronic Age (1940 – Present): Beyond):
- Creation of the first - Based on Artificial
computers. Intelligence (AI) software.
- ENIAC (first high-speed - Focus on making
digital computer). computers think and act like
humans.
- THESEUS - By Claude
IV. Generations of Computers: Shannon (1950)

●​ Vacuum Tube (1940 - 1956):

- Used vacuum tubes for
circuitry and magnetic drums
for memory.
Lesson 2 - The World of ICT - Smart analytics for identifying useful data
for national security.
I. Benefits of ICT:
7. Wide Range of Entertainment:
1. Additional Jobs and Employment: - Access to series, movies, online/offline
- New job opportunities (Web Developers, games, music, web browsing, and
Network Administrators, Programmers). communication with friends/relatives.
- Changes in work patterns (increased
remote work). II. Challenges of ICT:

2. Convenience in Banking and Finance: 1. Additional Cost:

- Easier access to bank accounts via online - High cost of purchasing and maintaining
banking. ICT hardware and software for businesses.
- Online payments for online shopping. - Cost of gadgets (smartphones) and
- ATM access for cash deposits and internet connection for individuals.
withdrawals.
2. Health Problems:
3. Easier and Faster Business Transactions: - Inactivity and lack of physical exercise due
- Improved communication for business to gadget exposure.
growth. - Health issues: headaches, back pain, neck
- Modernized methods of promoting and pain, eye strain, obesity, heart disease, and
dealing with clients. diabetes.

4. Health Awareness and Better Healthcare: 3. Invasion of Privacy:

- Increased involvement in personal - Data protection issues.
healthcare. - Concerns about data theft and hacking.
- Wireless devices and smartphone apps for
health monitoring (heart rate, blood 4. Less Interaction:
pressure). - Emotional distance due to focus on
- Easier management of chronic conditions gadgets.
(asthma, diabetes, heart disease). - Ignoring people around them.

5. Improved and Advanced Education: 5. Reliability of Information:

- Easier learning and teaching through - Need to verify the credibility of online
technologies (laptops, desktops). information.
- Easy access to updated data, information, - Not all information on the web is reliable or
and educational videos. accurate.

6. Increased Safety and Security: 6. Unemployment:

- Improved information flow for public safety - Automation replacing manual operations.
agencies. - Companies replacing workers with
- Quicker response in critical situations, machines to reduce expenses.
operations, and manhunts. - Data processing jobs being sent to
countries with lower operating costs.
III. The Industry - Career Opportunities: A. World Wide Web:
- An open-source service for obtaining and
- Computer and Information Systems sharing information worldwide.
Managers - Invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee at
- Computer Support Specialist CERN.
- Database Analysts
- Digital Strategies Web 1.0: Static Web
- Information Security Specialists - Primarily passive user experience with
- Mobilization Specialists limited interaction.
- Privacy Coordinators
- Software Engineers Characteristics:
- Web Developers - Static pages connected via hyperlinks.
- Web Marketing Managers - HTML 3.2 elements (frames, tables).
- HTML forms sent via e-mail.
Module 2 - Content from server's file system (not a
database).
Lesson 1: The ICT today and beyond - GIF buttons and graphics.
(Yahoo)
Key Concepts: - Web portal that provides a variety of online
services (email, news and search)
1. Tim Berners-Lee: Invented the World
Wide Web (WWW). (Digital Equipment Corporation research
2. Web 1.0: The early internet that primarily laboratories)
allowed users to read information. – A team of researches (Louise Monier and
3. Web 2.0: A platform allowing users to Michael Burrows) created the Altavista
control their data (content creation, search engine.
collaboration, folksonomy).
4. WWW: Stands for World Wide Web. Web 2.0: Dynamic Web
5. Adware: Displays unwanted ads while - Interactive internet with dynamic web
surfing the internet. pages and user-generated content.
6. Folksonomy: Allows users to arrange - Second generation of the internet, building
and classify information using keywords upon Tim Berners-Lee's original creation.
(tagging).
7. Intelligent Web: NOT an example of Characteristics:
Web 2.0. - User-generated content.
8. Cyberbullying: Embarrassing, - Greater user collaboration and interactivity.
harassing, or bullying a person using the - Dynamic content responsive to user input.
internet. - Application Programming Interfaces
9. Spam: Unwanted and unsolicited (APIs).
messages. - Social features (social media, tagging,
10. Long Tail: Services offered on demand blogging, commenting).
rather than one-time purchase.
Key Features of Web 2.0: Hyper-automation:
1. Folksonomy: Shared vocabulary of - Automating business processes
keywords (tagging). using advanced technologies.
2. Long Tail: On-demand services - Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
(subscription models). for repetitive tasks.
3. Rich User Interface: Dynamic and - Includes cloud computing, updated
responsive content/ Rich user experience. robotics, and big data.
4. User Participation: Users contributing
content (comments, reviews). Blockchain:
- Technology for recording and
Advantages of Web 2.0: securing transactions through
- Accessible anytime, anywhere. encryption.
- Creates learning communities. - Secure communication and verified
- Easy to use. data transfer.
- Variety of media.
- User involvement in creating information. Extended Reality (XR):
- Real-time discussion. - Engaging digital experiences
including VR and AR.
Web 3.0: Semantic Web VR: Computer-generated
- Decentralized platform processing world.
information in a human-like way. AR: Digital objects onto the
- Relies on AI, machine learning, semantic real world.
web, and blockchain.
- Aims for greater transparency, faster, and Mobile commerce (m-commerce):
more personalized user experiences. - Monetary transactions via mobile
- Originally called the Semantic Web by Tim devices.
Berners-Lee. - Mobile shopping, mobile banking,
and mobile payments.
B. Difference between HTTP and HTTPS:
HTTP- Without password encryption
HTTPS- With password encryption
Lesson 2 & 3 - Online Threat, Risk and
C. Trends in ICT: Safety: Review Outline
- Innovations catering to business
and personal needs. Threats and Risks:

5G: 1. Cyberbullying:
- Latest generation of connectivity - Embarrassing, harassing,
after 4G or LTE or bullying using the internet.
- Faster internet speeds and simpler 2. Cyberstalking:
setup. - Stalking harassing
- Enables drones, driverless cars, someone through the internet
automated systems, and AI. or electronic devices.
3. Hacking: 10. Phishing:
- Gaining unauthorized - Sending emails claiming to
access to an account or be a legitimate enterprise
computer. asking for personal
information.
4. Identity Theft:
- Stealing and using 11. Spoofing:
someone's personal - Pretending to be a
information without legitimate business or person
permission. to gain confidence, access
computers, steal data/money,
5. Inappropriate Contents: or spread malware.
- Illegal, offensive, or
age-inappropriate texts, 12. Spam:
photos, and videos. - Unwanted and unsolicited
messages (email, forums,
6. Internet Bots/Botnets: texts, social media).
- A network of compromised
computers controlled by a 13. Blended Threats:
robot for malicious acts. - Computer viruses: codes or
programs loaded without
7. Internet Scam: permission that can replicate
- Deceiving users with themselves.
fabricated stories to gain
money. Online Safety:
- Occurs through online - Technologies connect people, but
shopping, banking, charity, also present risks.
social networking, gaming, - Learning to use the internet comes
gambling, and dating sites. with responsibility.

8. Online Grooming: Personal Information:

- Manipulating, exploiting, or Information that should not be easily
abusing a minor online. shared online:
- Pedophiles pretending to be - Birthday
the same age as the victim. - Complete address
- Contact numbers
9. Pharming: - Current and previous schools
- Using malicious code to - Email address
redirect users to fake - Family members' names
websites to collect personal - Personal pictures and videos
information.
Tips to Stay Safe Online: 3.​ Do not snoop in other's files.
- Always Examine: Be familiar with 4.​ Do not use a computer to steal.
scams, fake sites. 5.​ Do not use a computer to bear false
- Be familiar with scams: Learn witness.
about different types of online 6.​ Do not copy or use proprietary
scams. software without payment.
- Install a Firewall: Block certain 7.​ Do not use other's computer
network traffic. resources without authorization.
- Keep Up-to-Date: Use latest 8.​ Do not appropriate other's
security patches and regular intellectual output.
updates. 9.​ Think about the social
- Protect Your Information: Back up consequences of programs/systems.
data to avoid theft or loss. 10.​ Use computers in ways that ensure
- Shop Safely: Use "https" websites consideration and respect for others.
with a padlock icon.
- Use Your Common Sense: Do not Windows Security:
open suspicious content. Changing User Accounts:
- Watch the Wi-Fi Connectivity: 1. Computer Administrator: controls
Protect the network with a password. everything.
- Use Unique Password: Use 2. Limited Account: limited control.
uncrackable password. 3. Guest Account: for temporary
users.
Netiquette: 4. Secure Networks: Be careful with
- Internet etiquette: standard way of unfamiliar networks and public Wi-Fi.
communication on the internet.
- Represents proper manners and Changing Password:
behavior. - Change password regularly to
protect files.
Examples:
- Show respect and empathy. The Security Center:
- Communicate clearly and 1. Microsoft Updates: Fix bugs and
concisely. vulnerabilities.
- Behave professionally. 2. Firewall: Protects from
- Protect personal information. unauthorized entries. Keep ON.
- Share content with permission. 3. Virus Protection: Locates and
- Respect cultural and linguistic removes viruses. Keep definitions
differences. up-to-date.

The Ten Commandments of Computer Lesson 4 - Online Searching

Ethics:
1.​ Do not use a computer to harm Deep Web: Information hidden from
others. standard search engine crawlers.
2.​ Do not interfere with other's
computer work.
Privacy: Illegally copying or selling 6. Internet Archive (Wayback Machine):
copyrighted material (computer programs, - A digital library of internet sites and digital
music, films, etc.). items.
- Provides free access, especially for
Plagiarism: Taking credit for someone researchers, historians, and scholars.
else's ideas or words. 7. Webopedia:
- Online encyclopedia and search engine for
Search Engine: A service that allows users IT terminologies and definitions.
to search for information using keywords or 8. Yahoo!:
key phrases. - A web portal with various features.
- Offers Yahoo! Finance, Shopping, Games,
III. How Search Engines Work: Groups, etc.

- A "spider" program collects information Pros and Cons of Online Research:

from websites.
- A "search index" database is used to Pros (Benefits):
deliver search results. 1. Faster and Saves Time: Reduces time
spent searching for information.
Common Search Engines: 2. Convenient Way to Gather Information:
Accessible through computers or gadgets,
1. Bing: eliminating the need to travel.
- A "decision engine" by Microsoft. 3. Easier to Share Information: Websites
- Formerly MSN Search/Live Search. allow sharing content to other platforms.
- Offers Wiki suggestions. 4. Provides Up-to-Date Information: Internet
resources are updated more frequently than
2. Dogpile: print resources.
- A metasearch engine. 5. Offers Information in Different Forms:
- Compares results from multiple search Access to audio and video formats.
engines and eliminates duplicates. 6. Enhances Computer Skills: Develops
- Faded in the late 1990s with the rise of knowledge of the internet and computer
Google. skills.
3. DuckDuckGo:
- Open-source search engine. Cons (Issues):
- Focuses on user privacy (no filtering or 1. Not Always Reliable: Users can easily
personalization based on user history). create and post web pages online, leading
4. Google Scholar: to unreliable information.
- Web search engine by Google. 2. Some Sites Require Payment: Credible
- Provides scholarly literature and academic resources may require a fee for access.
resources. 3. There is No Human Interaction: Lacks the
5. Google: social interaction found in traditional
- The most widely used search engine research environments.
globally. 4. Online Resources Are Easily Changed or
Removed: Content can be altered or
disappear quickly.
Module 3 - Planning, scheduling, and tracking tools
help manage tasks and deadlines
Lesson 1: Productivity Tools effectively.
- Data-Driven Insights:
I. What are Productivity Tools? - Tools provide data-driven insights and
Definition: analytics for better decision-making.
- Computer applications designed to enable
users to view, create, and modify office IV. Office Suites:
documents quickly and easily. Definition:
- Tools that enhance efficiency, - A collection of two or more productivity
effectiveness, and overall satisfaction in applications bundled and sold together.
daily work and activities. - Typically includes a word processor,
spreadsheet creator, and presentation
II. Benefits of Using Productivity Tools: creator.

1.​ Instant collaboration among V. Categories of Productivity Tools:

individuals. 1. Computer-Based Suites:
2.​ Quick access to documents and - Requires users to install the program
resources, regardless of location. directly onto their computer.
3.​ Increased overall productivity and - Installation methods: DVD-ROM, flash
accuracy in task completion. drives, or online downloads.
4.​ Reduction in workload, leading to - Examples:iWork, OpenOffic, LibreOffice,
fewer errors. WordPerfect, Microsoft Office
5.​ Improved project tracking and
management capabilities. 2. Web-Based Suites:
6.​ Availability of various file formats - Allows users to create, modify, and store
and sources for enhanced flexibility. files online.
7.​ Saves significant time. - Accessed and used through a web
8.​ Enhanced security measures protect browser.
information from unauthorized
access. VI. Examples of Computer-Based Suites:

III. Importance of Productivity Tools in 1. iWork:

Business and Education: - Developed by Apple Inc.
- Allows opening, editing, saving, and
Increased Efficiency: sharing documents.
- Automation of tasks and streamlining of 2. LibreOffice:
workflows reduce manual effort. - Free and open-source package developed
Enhanced Collaboration: by The Document Foundation.
- Online communication platforms and Includes:Base (database),
document-sharing services facilitate Calc(spreadsheet), Draw (graphics)
collaboration. Impress (presentation), Math (formulas and
- Improved Time Management: equations), Writer (word processor)
3. OpenOffice: - Examples: PowerPoint, Prezi, Zoho.
- Free and open-source productivity suite
developed by Apache Software Foundation. Spreadsheet Software:
4. Microsoft Office: - Programs used to sort, compute, and
- One of the most widely used office organize numerical data.
automation software programs developed - Utilizes formulas, graphs, and charts for
by Microsoft. calculations and presentations.
5. WordPerfect: - Examples: Excel, Google Sheets, Calc.
- An all-in-one office suite developed by
Corel. Word Processing Software:
- Used to view, edit, and create text
VII. Examples of Web-Based Suites: documents.
- Allows users to type, format, insert objects,
Google Apps (Google Applications): modify layouts, and proofread.
- Docs, Sheets, Slides, Gmail, and
Calendar.
Okay, here is a detailed summary of the
Office Online: main points from the provided PowerPoint
- Web-based version of Microsoft Office, a presentation on Web Design, formatted for
direct competitor to Google Apps. clarity and structure:
- Completely free.
Lesson 3: Web Design
Office 365:
- A subscription service offered by I. Web Design Principles:
Microsoft.
- Consists of Word, Excel, and other Office Aesthetic:
programs, readily accessible online. - Displaying the content of a website
through design involves being attentive to
VIII. Software Types (Included in each element down to its details.
Productivity Suites):
Emphasis:
Database Software: - Design elements can be used to represent
- Known as Database Management signs to the users to focus their attention on
Systems (DBMS). where they need to go.
- Used to verify, manipulate, specify,
retrieve, and manage stored data. Innovative:
- Examples: MySQL, Microsoft SQL, Oracle - A website must use design elements and
Database. whitespace in an innovative way.
- Whitespace makes a website less
Presentation Software: distracting and more appealing.
- Used for project presentations in both - A light design guides the users to where
academic and business settings. they want to go and what they want to do.
- Displays interactive slideshows to express
ideas and proposals.
Functional: F-Pattern Design:
- A website must be clear and easy to use. - It is determined by studies that people
- Every link must be functional, and every scan computer screens in a pattern that
button must respond correctly. resembles an “F”.
- Majority of the people sees the top and left
Simplicity: of the screen while the right side is rarely
- A website must be clutter-free and easy to seen.
navigate. - A website’s design should work with a
- Elements: reader’s natural behavior and display
- A website’s content must be presented information.
clearly, neatly, and accurately.
- Users must be able to easily understand Images:
the content of the website without any - An image can represent a thousand words
confusion. for the users.
- Choosing the right images for a website
Understandable: will help with connecting to the target
- A website must communicate information audience.
clearly to solve a specific problem, want, or
need of the user. Layout:
- A webpage with randomly placed content
II. Web Design Elements: and elements urges visitors to look
elsewhere due to the lack of emphasis on
Communication: the content along with its disorganized
- Information is wanted as quickly as appearance.
possible by web users. - Content must be arranged and managed
- A website must have organized properly to attract attention from potential
information, headlines, and use bullet visitors.
points.
Layout Types:
Colors: - The Zig-Zag Layout: Eyes move along the
- A well-designed website can attract a page following a Z-letter direction.
user’s attention.
- Good color combinations enhance the web - The F Layout: The eyes move across a
design and user experience. page in an F-letter pattern.
- Contrasting color usage for text and
background will make reading easier on the - Full-Screen Photo: Websites use large
eye. background photos that cover the whole
screen.
Fonts:
- Websites must have an appropriate - Grid Layout: Information is organized into
typeface and ideal font size for the users to grids, making it easy to browse and people
read the online context conveniently. can stop to specific topics of interest.
- Split Screen Layout: Used once you want
to emphasize two equally important sections
of a website.

- Modular Layout (Card/Block Layout): Each

unit of content is included in a card, or
module, having its own dedicated space;
used to organize videos, photos, and text in
equal blocks.

Loading Time:
- A website must have optimized image size
and compressed code to speed up its
loading time, since a page that takes too
long to load is unpopular.
- Mobile Friendly:
- It is important to remember that a website
must be mobile-friendly and must be
accessible on any kind of device.

Navigation:
- Effective navigation buttons are essential
to any website.
- The three-click rule must be followed;
which states that users must be able to
easily gain access to the required
information within three clicks.

Purpose:
- A focus-driven web design and content
serve visitors efficiently.
- It specifies a clear purpose which makes
information easily accessible to any user
that visits the website.