For THSC Nursing Department
Date 26/12/2017 E.C
Module 06: Biostatistics and Epidemiology
Module name: Biostatistics and Epidemiology module Module
category: Basic
Module code: Com-H2063
Module Number: 06
Module weight in ECTS: 6 ECTS
Courses:
Course Name Course Code ECTS
Biostatistics Com-H2061 3
Epidemiology Com-H2062 3
Module description: This module will introduce students the principles and concept of
Biostatistics and epidemiology.
Module competency: Involve in research and public health promotion
Mode of delivery: Block
Module objectives: At the end of this module students will be able to:
Analyze data using various statistical techniques and soft wares
Understand the principles of Epidemiology and biostatistics
Module learning teaching methods
Learning activities and teaching methods
A. Learning Activities
Students are expected to undertake among others the following major learning activities:
Engage in learning by doing (independent study, group assignments, presentation,
report writing, and etc...)
Participation and note takings during class lectures and debates and discussions;
Analysis, summarization and presentations of chapter/article, motions on selected
issues;
B. Teaching Methods
The course facilitator is expected to lecture for introducing concepts and topics, and
give
references, facilitate discussions, ask questions, give and correct assessments,
Arrange and facilitate seminar sessions by inviting professionals for public lectures or
debates on subject related issues.
Course title: Biostatistics Course Code:
Com-H2061
Module name: Biostatistics and Epidemiology module Module code:
Com-H2063
Course ECTS: 3 ECTS (81 hrs)
Lecture:- 32 hours
Tutorial:- 12 hours
Home study : 30 hours
Assessment : 7 hours
Year/Semester Course is offered: Year II Semester II Contact hours/
week:
Pre-requisite:
Course Description:
Course Objectives:
At the end of this course students should be able to:
Describe the different types and methods of data collection and identify advantages and
limitations of the different methods
Outline the steps in designing a questionnaire and identify the different interviewing
techniques
Describe the different methods of data organization and summarization and identify the
advantage and disadvantages of the different methods
Describe the different measures of mortality and fertility
Compute probability of an event and composite events
Identify type of events
Describe commonly used probability distributions of discrete and continuous random
variables
Identify the different sampling methods
Identify the different estimation techniques in one and two samples situation
Estimate sample size for cross-sectional study
Do test of hypothesis on means and proportions in one and two sample situations
Course mode of delivery: Parallel
Course learning and teaching methods
Assessment techniques:
Teachers and Students
Role References:
1. Daniel, W.W., 1991. Biostatistics: a foundation for analysis in health Sciences, 5th ed.
John Willy & Sons, New York
2. Getu Degu and Fasil Tessema, 2003. Biostatistics for Health Science Students. Lecture
Note Series. The Carter Center
3. Douglas G. Altman, 1991. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. Chapman & Hall
4. Bernard Rosner, 1995. Fundamentals of Biostatistics. 4th ed. Duxbury Press
5. Theodore Colton, 1974. Statistics in Medicine. Little, Brown and Company
6. Betty R. Kirkwood, 1988. Essentials of Medical Statistics. Blackwell Science ltd
7. Richard D. Remington, M. Anthony Schork, 1985. Statistics with Applications to
Biological and Health Sciences, 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersy, USA
8. Abramson J. H., 1990. Survey Methods in Community Medicine. Epidemiological
Studies Programme Evaluation Clinical Trials. 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone.
9. William G. Cochran, 1977. Sampling Techniques. 3rd ed. John Willy & Sons Inc.
10. Lwanga, S.K. and Lemeshow, S., 1991. Sample size determination in health studies. A
practical Manual. World Health Organization, Geneva
Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Methods of data collection
2.1. Data types and measurement scales
2.2. Data collection methods
2.3. Questionnaire design and interviewing techniques
3. Methods of data processing, organization, presentation and summarization
3.1. Tables and diagrams
3.2. Measures of central tendency
3.3. Measures of variation
4. Demographic statistics
5. Introduction to probability
5.1 Rules of probability and types of events
5.2 Probability distributions : binomial and normal distributions
6. Introduction to Sampling
6.1 Non-probability sampling techniques
6.2 Probability sampling techniques
7. Estimation techniques – point and interval estimation on one and two sample situation of
means and proportions and sample size estimation for cross sectional study
8. Test of hypothesis: Type I and Type II errors, Power of the test, Critical and P-value
methods, test on means and proportions in one and two sample situation
Epidemiology course syllabus Course title:
Epidemiology Course Code:
Com-H2062
Module name: Biostatistics and Epidemiology module Module code:
Com-H2063
Course ECTS: 3 ECTS (81 hrs)
Lecture:- 32 hours
Tutorial:- 12 hours
Home study : 30 hours
Assessment : 7 hours
Year/Semester Course is offered: Year II Semester II Contact hours/
week:
Pre-requisite:
Course Description:
This course is designed to equip students with the basic concepts of epidemiology (definition of
epidemiology), communicable disease epidemiology, measures of disease occurrence, establishment of
disease causation, epidemiological study designs, outbreak investigation and management, screening in
disease control and epidemiological surveillance.
Course Objectives:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
Understand the principles of Epidemiology
Describe concepts of disease causation
Calculate the measures of disease and death
Understand types of study design
Investigate and control outbreaks and epidemics
Describe the purpose and types of surveillance
Understand the factors that affect validity of studies
Course mode of delivery: Block Course
learning and teaching methods
Brain storming, buzz group, discussion, Lecture, group and individual presentation, assignment
Assessment techniques:
Class participation, quizzes, assignment, [50%], and
Final exam (50%)
Teachers and Students Role
References:
Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E. Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in medicine.
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA.
Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede, Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health science
students: Lecture Note Series.
Lilienfield, MA. Lilienfield ED. Foundations of epidemiology, 1980, Oxford University
Press, New York.
Zein Ahmed Zein and H. Kloos. The Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia, 1993.
Course Schedule: By contact time, contents/topics and reading/reference materials for each topic
Week Contact Topic/subtopic chapter Reading materials
hrs/week
1 3 Introduction to Epidemiology Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
Definition Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
History of Epidemiology medicine. In: definition and background
Use/applications of and design strategies in epidemiologic
Epidemiology research. Lippincott Williams and
Scope of epidemiology Wilkins, USA. 1987;p(1- 16)
Basic assumptions of
epidemiology Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
Theories disease causation Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
Levels of disease science students: Lecture Note Series.
occurrence In: chapter 2 and 3. Ethiopia. 2003;
Branches of epidemiology p(10-28)
2 3 Natural history of disease and
Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
levels of prevention Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
natural history of disease science students: Lecture Note Series.
stages in the natural In: chapter 4. Ethiopia. 2003; p(29-38)
history disease
levels of disease
prevention
applications to common
diseases
3 3 The infectious disease cycle Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
agent Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
reservoir science students: Lecture Note Series.
portal of exit In: chapter 5. Ethiopia. 2003; p(39-48)
modes of transmission
portal of entry
host
spread of disease through
person to person
transmission
infection vs. disease
time course of an
infectious disease
carries and their role in
disease transmission
individual and herd
immunity
4 and 6 Basic measurement in Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
5 epidemiology Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
Number , ratio, proportion science students: Lecture Note Series.
, and rate In: chapter 7. Ethiopia. 2003; p(57-77)
Measures of morbidity
-incidence and
prevalence
Measures of mortality
-crude vs. specific rates
- Standardization of
rates
6 3 Source of epidemiologic data Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
Census Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
Vital records science students: Lecture Note Series.
Data from health In: chapter 6. Ethiopia. 2003; p(49-56)
institutions
Data from morbidity
surveys
Other sources
7 3 Public health surveillance Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
Definition Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
Purpose of surveillance science students: Lecture Note Series.
Types of surveillance In: chapter 12. Ethiopia. 2003; p(153-
Activities in surveillance 169)
Modifiable diseases
8 and 6 Descriptive study designs Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw
Kebede, Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology
9 Purpose of descriptive
for health science students: Lecture
studies Note Series. In: chapter 8. Ethiopia.
Types of descriptive study 2003; p(78-90)
designs Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
medicine. In: types of epidemiologic
studies: descriptive studies. Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, USA.
1987;p(101-132)
10 6 Analytical epidemiology Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw
Kebede, Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology
and Purpose of analytical
for health science students: Lecture
11 epidemiology Note Series. In: chapter 9. Ethiopia.
Observational analytic 2003; p(91-
106)
study designs vs.
Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
experimental analytical Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
medicine. In: types of epidemiologic
studies
studies: case control, cohort and
interventional studies. Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, USA.
Case control studies
1987;p(133- 215)
Cohort studies
Cross sectional studies
Intervention studies
Types of intervention
studies
Analysis and
interpretation
12 6 Measures of strength of association Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw
Kebede, Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology
and
for health science students: Lecture
13 Note Series. In: chapter 9. Ethiopia.
2003; p(107-
118
Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
medicine. In: measures of disease
frequency and association. Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, USA.
1987;p(54-100)
14 3 Analysis of cause effect Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw
Kebede, Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology
relationship
for health science students: Lecture
Validity of studies Note Series. In: chapter 10. Ethiopia.
2003; p(119-
Role of chance
133)
Role of bias
Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
Role of confounding
Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
factors medicine. In: analysis of cause effect
relationship. Lippincott Williams and
Evaluation of overall
Wilkins, USA. 1987;p(30-53)
evidence for a cause-
effect relationship
15 3 Screening in disease control Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
Definition science students: Lecture Note Series. In:
chapter 13. Ethiopia. 2003; p(170-
Diseases appropriate for
179)
screening program
Charles H. Hennekens, DrPH. Julie E.
Criteria for establishing
Buring, Sc D. Epidemiology in
screening program medicine. In: screening. Lippincott
Validity and reliability of Williams and Wilkins, USA.
1987;p(327-350)
tests
Sensitivity and specificity
Predictive value of a test
16 3 Investigation of an epidemic Kifle Wolde Michael, Yigzaw Kebede,
Definition of terms Kidist Lulu. Epidemiology for health
(endemic, hypo-endemic, science students: Lecture Note Series.
hyper-endemic, holo- In: chapter 11. Ethiopia. 2003; p(134-
endemic, cluster of cases, 152)
outbreak, epidemic,
pandemic)
Types of epidemics
Steps in epidemic
investigation
Prevention and control
strategies of epidemics