D”P gva¨wgK ● Drcv`b e¨e¯’vcbv I wecYb (cÖ_g cÎ) ● Aa¨vqwfwËK m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi

wØZxq Aa¨vq : Drcv`‡bi DcKiY

1. Rbve mzgb I Zvi eÜz mzRb Kzwgjøv kn‡i kZiƒcv Mv‡g©›Um wkí evsjv‡`‡ki ‰e‡`wkK gy`ªv Av‡qi GKwU
bv‡g GKwU ˆZwi †cvkv‡Ki †`vKvb Pvjz K‡ib Ges Ab¨Zg Drm| eZ©gv‡b ‰Zwi †cvkvK †`‡ki Pvwn`v
AwR©Z gzbvdv mgvbfv‡e fvM K‡i †bb| Aí mg‡qi wgwU‡q Av‡gwiKvmn wewfbœ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv n‡”Q|
g‡a¨ Zviv e¨emv‡q e¨vcK mvdj¨ AR©b K‡ib| ZvQvov Mv‡g©›Um wkí evsjv‡`‡ki Kg©ms¯’vb m…wó‡Z
m¤cÖwZ Zviv wiqv Mv‡g©›Um wj: bv‡g GKwU Mv‡g©›Um ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q|
d¨v±wi ¯’vc‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib| Rbve mygb I Zvi eÜy myRb Askx`vwii wfwˇZ cª_‡g
K. kÖg wefvM Kx? GKwU †cvkv‡Ki †`vKv‡b Pvjy K‡ib| Zviv Aí mg‡q
L. g‚jab Drcv`‡bi Drcvw`Z Dcv`vb e¨vL¨v †ek mvdj¨ AR©b K‡ib| m¤cÖwZ Zviv wiqv Mv‡g©›Um
K‡iv| wj: bv‡g GKwU Mv‡g©›Um d¨v±wi ¯’vc‡bi D‡`¨vM MªnY
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖwZôvbwU †Kvb ai‡bi? K‡ib|
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| mygb I Zvi eÜy myRb Mv‡g©›Um d¨v±wi ¯’vc‡bi d‡j
N. Rbve mzgb I Zvi eÜz mzR‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖn‡Yi Drcvw`Z cY¨ Zviv wb‡R‡`i †`vKv‡b mieivn Ki‡Z
welqwU KZUv †hŠw³K? †Zvgvi Dˇii mc‡¶ cvi‡eb| G‡Z e¨q Kg n‡e Ges gybvdv e…w× cv‡e|
gZvgZ Zz‡j a‡iv| ZvQvov, Zv‡`i cªwZôv‡b A‡bK †jv‡Ki Kg©ms¯’v‡bi
1 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi my‡hvM m…wó n‡e, Zv RxebhvÎvi gvb Dbœqb Ki‡e|
K. †Kvb `ª‡e¨i Drcv`b cªwµqv‡K wewfbœ ¯Í‡i fvM K‡i Avevi we‡`‡k †cvkvK ißvwbi my‡hvM m…wó n‡e|
kªwg‡Ki mvg_¨© I †hvM¨Zv Abyhvqx G‡KKwU As‡ki †`‡ki ‰e‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©‡bi †iLv EaŸ©gyLx n‡e|
KvR G‡KK Rb ev G‡KK `‡ji Ici b¨¯Í Kiv‡K ZvB ejv hvq, Rbve mygb I myR‡bi Mv‡g©›Um wkí
kªg wefvM e‡j| ¯’vc‡bi wm×všÍ †hŠw³K n‡q‡Q|
L. †h m¤ú` †Kvb Av‡qi Dcvq ˆZwi K‡i A_ev Avq
DcvR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i ZvB g‚jab| 2. ivwKe dwi`czi GKwU cvUKj M‡o †Zv‡jb| D³
Drcv`‡bi DcKiY ¸‡jv n‡jv- f‚wg, kÖg, g‚jab I KviLvbvq DbœZgv‡bi cvURvZ cY¨ Drcv`b Kiv
msMVb|G‡`i g‡a¨ g~jab Ab¨Zg| g~jab gvby‡li nq| Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨ Zvi Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i Pvwn`v
kªg Øviv Drcvw`Z nq| GwU eZ©gvb †fv‡Mi Rb¨ †e‡o hvq| Drcv`‡bi cwigvY AviI evov‡bv cÖ‡qvRb
e¨eüZ bv n‡q AwaKZi Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cybivq †`Lv †`q| Rbve ivwK‡ei e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶Zv I f‚wgi
Drcv`b Kv‡h© e¨eüZ nq| ZvB g~jab‡K Drcv`‡bi g‚j¨ Kg _vKv m‡Ë¡I wZwb cvUKjwUi AvqZb eviv‡Z
Drcvw`Z Dcv`vb ejv nq| cvi‡Qb bv|
M. kZiƒcv cªwZôvbwU GKwU Askx`vwi cªwZôvb| K. kÖ‡gi `¶Zv Kx?
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Pyw³i L. kÖg wefvM †hvM¨Zv Abzmv‡i KvR e›Ub K‡i-
wfwˇZ Askx`vwi msMVb M‡o †Zv‡jb| Pyw³B e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi g~j wfwË| Pyw³i wfwˇZ M. DÏxc‡K †Kvb DcKi‡Yi Afv‡e Rbve ivwKe
Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ nq Ges Zvi cvUKj m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv?
gybvdv e›Ub Kiv nq| e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
Rbve mygb I Zvi eÜy myRb Kywgjøv kn‡ii kZiycv N. e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶ZvB e¨emvq mdjZv AR©‡bi
bv‡gi GKwU †cvkv‡Ki †`vKv‡b Pvjy K‡ib| Øviv Rb¨ h‡_ó bq| Zzwg wK GKgZ? Dˇii mc‡¶
AwR©Z gybvdv mgvb fv‡e fvM K‡i †bb| Askx`vwi hzw³ `vI|
e¨emv‡qi ‰ewkó¨ Abymv‡i GK m`m¨ msL¨v 2 ev Zvi 2 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
†P‡q †ewk n‡Z nq| gvwjKvbvi ‰ewkó¨ Abymv‡i K. Kv‡Ri ¸bv¸Y ev DrKl©Zv A¶zbœ †i‡L wbw`©ó mg‡q
kZiycv cªwZôv‡bi gvwj‡Ki msL¨v `yRb, hv GKRb kÖwg‡Ki me©vwaK Drcv`b Kivi ¶gZv‡K
Askx`vwi e¨emvi msMV‡bi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| kÖ‡gi `¶Zv e‡j|
N. Rbve mygb I Zvi eÜy myR‡bi D‡`¨vM Mªn‡Yi welqwU L. mvgwMÖK Drcv`b cÖwµqvi wewfbœ ¯Í‡i kÖwgK‡`i
†Zvgvi †cª¶vc‡U m¤ú~Y© †hŠw³K n‡q‡Q| †hvM¨Zv I mvg_¨© Abzmv‡i KvR e›Ub K‡i †`qvi
bvgB n‡jv kÖg wefvM|
 GKRb K…lK me KvR mgvbfv‡e `¶ n‡Z cv‡i bv| mzôzfv‡e Drcv`b KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
G‡KK Rb kÖwgK G‡KK Kv‡R `¶ n‡q _v‡K| †h G‡¶‡Î Zv‡K cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ DcKi‡Yi mgš^q
kÖwgK Kv‡R `¶ Zv‡K †mB KvR w`‡j Kv‡Ri Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb- f‚wg wKsev kÖwgK bv _vK‡j
MwZkxjZv Av‡m| G‡Z Zviv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q KvR e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶Zv †Kvb Kv‡R Av‡m bv| mzZivs
Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges AvDUczU e…w× cvq| kÖg wefv‡Mi e¨emvq mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶Zvi
GB KvRwU mzôzfv‡e m¤úv`b Kiv nq weavq ejv hvq, cvkvcvwk Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKi‡Yi Dcw¯’wZI
kÖg wefvM †hvM¨Zv Abzmv‡i KvR e›Ub K‡i| cÖ‡qvRb|
M. Drcv`‡bi g‚jab DcKiYwUi Afv‡e Rbve ivwKe
Zvi cvUKj m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| 3. AvwZK Z…lv cÖKvkbx‡Z KvR K‡i †h gv‡m †eZb cvq
Drcvw`Z `Ö‡e¨i †h Ask Drcv`b Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq 30,000 UvKv| †m msmvi LiP ev` w`‡q gv‡m
Zv‡K g‚jab e‡j| e¨emv‡qi wewb‡qvwRZ A_©, wewfbœ 5,000 UvKv e¨vs‡K iv‡L| e¨vs‡K Rgv‡bv A_© w`‡q
hš¿cvwZi, KvuPvgvj BZ¨vw` Dcv`vb e¨emv‡qi g‚jab fwel¨r †m GKwU jvB‡eÖix cÖwZôv Kivi wPšÍv-fvebv
wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| g‚jab Drcv`‡bi Drcvw`Z Ki‡Q|
Dcv`vb ejv nq| K. kÖg Kx?
Rbve ivwKe dwi`czi GKwU cvUKj ¯’vcb K‡ib| L. f‚wg cÖK…wZi `vb - e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
GB KviLvbvq DbœZgv‡bi cvURvZ cY¨ Drcvw`Z M. g‚jab MV‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡qi AvIZvq AvwZK A_©
nq| Aí w`‡b Pvwn`v †e‡o hvIqvq Drcv`‡bi Rgv K‡i‡Q - e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
cwigvY AviI evov‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q| wKš‘ Rbve N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K msMVb we‡ePbvq AvwZ‡Ki
ivwK‡ei `¶Zv, ¯^íg‚‡j¨ f‚wgi m¯Ív kÖg _vKv m‡Ë¡I e¨emvwUi aib we‡kølY K‡iv|
wZwb cvUKjwUi cwiwa eviv‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| KviY Zvi 3 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
ch©vß g‚ja‡bi NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| e¨emv m¤cÖmvi‡Y K. cvwikÖwgK wewbg‡q Drcv`b Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ gvbz‡li
†¶‡Î bZzb †gwkb, bZzb AeKvVv‡gv wbg©v‡Y g‚ja‡bi me ai‡bi kvixwiK I gvbwmK Kg© cÖ‡Póv‡K kÖg
cÖ‡qvRb nq| g‚jab n‡”Q e¨emv‡qi Rxebx kw³| G e‡j|
Rxebx kw³ e¨ZxZ e¨emv‡qi mgcÖmviY Am¤¢e| L. cÖK…wZi mKj `vb-‡hgb: gvwU, cvwb, evZvm, Av‡jv,
mzZivs ejv hvq, Rbve ivwKe Zvi g‚ja‡bi NvUwZi BZ¨vw` hv gvbzl KL‡bvB m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡K
Kvi‡Y wZwb e¨emvwU m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| f‚wg e‡j|
N. e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶ZvB e¨emv‡q mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ f‚wg Ggb GKwU Dcv`vb, hv gvbzl KL‡bv m…wó Ki‡Z
h‡_ó bq - Avwg G Dw³i mv‡_ GKgZ| cv‡i bv| GwU m…wóKZ©vi KZ©…K gvbz‡li Rb¨ cÖ`Ë
†Kv‡bv wKQz ˆZwi ev Drcv`b Ki‡Z KwZcq GKwU Dcv`vb| cÖK…wZ Qvov GwU cvIqv hv‡e bv wKsev
Dcv`v‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq| Drcv`‡bi PviwU Dcv`vb Drcv`b I †fvM Kiv hv‡e bv| ïaz cÖK…wZB f‚wgi
†hgb- f‚wg, kÖg, g‚jab I msMVb‡K GKwÎZ K‡iB GKgvÎ Drm| ZvB f‚wg †K cÖK…wZi `vb ejv nq|
Drcv`b cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Kiv nq| Gme Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ M. g‚jab MV‡bi cÖ_g ch©vq Avw_©K mÂq m…wó - Zvi
†h †Kv‡bv GKwU Abzcw¯’Z _vK‡j mzôzfv‡e Drcv`b AvIZvq AvwZK A_© Rgv K‡i‡Q|
Kiv m¤¢e bv| eZ©gv‡b Avq‡K †fv‡Mi e¨q bv K‡i fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨
Rbve ivwKe dwi`czi GKwU cvUKj ¯’vcb K‡ib| †i‡L †`qvB n‡jv mÂq| Av‡qi Zzjbvq e¨q Kg n‡j
D³ cvUKjwU‡Z DbœZgv‡bi cvURvZ cY¨ Drcv`b m‡qi m…wó nq| mÂq g‚jab MV‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖavb
Kiv nq| Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨ Zvi Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i Drm|
Pvwn`v †e‡o hvq| d‡j Drcv`‡bi evov‡bv cÖ‡qvRb AvwZK Z…lv cÖKvkbx‡Z KvR K‡i| GLv‡b †m cÖwZ
†`Lv †`q| e¨e¯’vcbvi `¶Zv I f‚wgi g‚j¨ Kg _vKv gv‡m 30,000 UvKv †eZb cvq| me LiP ev` w`‡q
m‡Ë¡I g‚ja‡bi Afv‡e e¨emv m¤cÖmvi‡Y Ki‡Z †m gv‡m 5,000 UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv iv‡L| Zvi GB
cvi‡Qb bv| G†¶‡Î mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ Rgv‡bv A_©wU m‡qi Ask| cÖwZgv‡m wbw`©ó cwigvY
e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶Zvi cvkvcvwk ivwKe‡K Drcv`‡bi UvKv Rgv‡bvi d‡j e¨vs‡K Zvi mwÂZ A‡_©i cwigvY
Ab¨vb¨ DcKi‡Yi g‡a¨ mgš^q Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| e…w× cvq| Avi GB ch©vqwU‡K Avw_©K mÂq m…wói
Drcv`‡bi cÖ‡Z¨KwU DcKiY ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© weavq ch©v‡q ejv nq| GwU g‚jab MV‡bi cÖ_g avc|
me¸‡jv DcKi‡Yi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Drcv` Kvh© m¤úbœ mzZivs, Rbve AvwZK g‚jab MV‡bi cÖ_g ch©v‡qi
Ki‡Z nq| ïaz e¨e¯’vcKxq `¶Zv w`‡q Rbve ivwKe AvIZvq A_© Rgv Ki‡Q|
N. msMV‡bi we‡ePbvq fwel¨‡Z AvwZ‡Ki e¨emvqwU M. wg. iwk` Drcv`‡bi DcKi‡Yi Afv‡e c‡Y¨i †hvMvb
GKwU GKgvwjKvbv msMVb n‡e| e…w× Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv|
GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq I e¨e¯’vcbvq cwiPvwjZ cÖK…wZi mKj `vb, †hgb- gvwU, cvwb, evZvm, Av‡jv
e¨emvqB GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq| G e¨emv‡q gvwjK BZ¨vw` Zv gvbzl KL‡bvB m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ggb
GKvB me gzbvdv †fvM K‡i Ges me ¶wZ enb m¤ú` n‡”Q f‚wg| GwU cÖvK…wZK me‡P‡q Avw`
K‡ib| Dcv`vb|
AvwZK Z…lv cÖKvkbx‡Z KvR K‡i| †m cÖwZ gv‡m cvq wg. iwk` GKwU ißvwbgzLx Mv‡g©›Um KviLvbv M‡o
30,000 UvKv †eZb cvq| GB †eZ‡bi meUzKz †m †Zv‡jb| cY¨gvb DbœZ nIqvq Zvi c‡Y¨i Pvwn`v I
LiP K‡i bv| cÖwZ gv‡m 5,000 UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv e…w× cvq| wKš‘ ¯’v‡bi Afv‡e wZwb KviLvbvi AvqZb
iv‡L| Zvi fwel¨r fvebv n‡jv †m GKwU jvB‡eÖix e…w× Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| f‚wgi Dci KviLvbv ev
cÖwZôv Ki‡e| cÖwZôvb Ae¯’vb K‡i| f‚wg e¨ZxZ KviLvbv ¯’vcb ev
AvwZ‡Ki e¨emv‡qi jvB‡eÖwi me gzbvdv †m GKvB m¤cÖmviY Kiv m¤¢e bvq| f‚wg ms¯’vb Ki‡Z cvi‡j
†fvM K‡i| Avevi †Kvb ¶wZ n‡jI Zv‡KB Zv enb wg. iwk` e¨emv m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| c‡Y¨i
Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î †m `ªæZ wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z †hvMvb e…w× Ki‡Z bv cviv Drcv`‡bi f‚wg DcKi‡Yi
cvi‡e| d‡j e¨emv‡qi cwiPvjbv mnR n‡e Ges Afv‡eiB dj|
†MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| ZvQvovI GiKg †QvU N. wg. iwk` Gi KvR I Kg©x‡`i KvR GK bq- G wel‡q
e¨emv n‡Z eo e¨emv ¯’vc‡bi mz‡hvM m…wó nq| ïaz Avwg GKgZ|
AvwZ‡Ki e¨w³MZ D`¨g I DrmvnB Zvi e¨emvwqK kÖg `zB cÖKvi| KvwqK kÖg I gvbwmK kÖg| KvwqK
mvdj¨ AR©‡bi PvweKvwV| Gme ˆewk‡ó¨i Av‡jv‡K kÖg kvixwiK ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g N‡U Ges gvbwmK
ejv hvq AvwZ‡Ki e¨emvwUi aib n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv kÖg ezw×`xwß g‚jK cÖ‡Póvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
msMVb| wg. iwk` bvivqYM‡Ä GKwU ißvwbgzLx KviLvbv ¯’vcb
K‡ib| wZwb GKRb e¨e¯’vcK ev D‡`¨v³v| Zvi
4. wg. iwk` bvivqYM‡Ä ißvwbgzLx Mv‡g©›Um KviLvbv cÖwZôv‡b wb‡qvwRZ Kg©xiv cÖ‡Z¨¶fv‡e cY¨ Drcv`b
M‡o †Zv‡jb| KviLvbvq DbœZgv‡bi cY¨mvgMÖx K‡ib| Ab¨ w`‡K wg. iwk‡`i gb¯ÍvwšÍK KvR
Drcvw`Z nIqvi we‡`‡ki c‡Y¨i Pvwn`v e¨vcKfv‡e Drcv`b cÖwµqvi mv‡_ RwoZ|
e…w× cvq| wKš‘ ¯’v‡b Afv‡e KviLvbvi AvqZb e…w× wg. iwk` GKRb D‡`¨v³v Ges wZwb Zvi cÖwZôv‡bi
Ki‡Z bv cvivq †hvMvb e…w× Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| me Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv I e¨e¯’vcbv K‡ib| Zvi me
K. kÖg MwZkxjZv Kx? KvR ezw×`xß| KvuPvgvj µq K‡i Zvi cÖwZôvb wb‡q
L. g‚jab msMV‡bi m‡qi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| Av‡mb| kÖwgK I wgwms wbqš¿Y K‡ib, we‡µZv‡`i
M. wg. iwk` Drcv`‡b †Kvb DcKi‡Yi Afv‡e mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡ib, hv ezw×`xß Kv‡Ri
c‡Y¨i †hvMvb e…w× Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv? e¨vL¨v AvIZvfz³| Ab¨w`‡K Zvi cÖwZôv‡b wb‡qvwRZ Kg©xiv
K‡iv| mivmwi Drcv`b Kv‡R Ask †bq Ges kvixwiK kÖ‡gi
N. DÏxc‡K wg. iwk‡`i KvR I Kg©x‡`i KvR GK Øviv Drcv`b Kvh© m¤úv`b K‡ib| ZvB ejv hvq, wg.
bq| Zzwg wK GKgZ? hzw³ mnKv‡i gZvgZ iwk‡`i KvR I Kg©x‡`i KvR wfbœ|
`vI|
4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi 5. Rbve wmivR w`bvRcz‡i GKwU †cvwëª dvg© ¯’vcb
K. kÖwgK hLb Zvi wbR¯^ cÖ‡qvR‡b we`¨vgvb †ckv ¯’vb K‡ib| gvwmK AvU nvRvi UvKv †eZb w`‡q
Ges †Kvb wkí cÖwZôvb n‡Z Ab¨Î ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq cÖwZôvbwUi †`Lv‡kvbvi `vwqZ¡ GK eÜz‡K †`b| Zvi
ZLb Zv‡K kÖ‡gi MwZkxjZv e‡j| dv‡g© cÖvq mvZ nvRvi gziwM Av‡Q| wZwb w`bvRcz‡ii
L. †Kvb GKwU †`k GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ Zvi g‚jab eo eo †nv‡U‡j gziwM mieivn K‡ib| e¨emvqwU
m¤ú‡`i †h e…w× mvab K‡i Zv‡K g‚jab MVb e‡j| Av‡iv m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ Rbve wmivR Zvi PvPv‡Zv
e¨w³MZ mÂq, evwYwR¨K cÖwZôvb mÂq Ges miKvwi fvB‡qi KvQ †_‡K gzbvdv cÖav‡bi wfwˇZ 4 j¶
mÂq n‡Z g‚jab msM…nxZ nq| Gme mÂq A_©vr UvKv wb‡q wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Qb|
Ajm A_© g‚jab wn‡m‡e wewb‡qvM K‡i gzbvdv AR©b K. f‚wg Kx?
Z_v g‚jab e…w×i cÖ‡Póv Kiv nq| ZvB g‚jab MV‡b L. †gvU RvZxq Drcv`b ej‡Z wK ezSvq?
m‡qi f‚wgKv A‡bK|
M. Rbve wmiv‡Ri cÖwZwôZ e¨emvq Kxiƒc msMV‡bi gzbvdv cÖ`v‡bi k‡Z© Zvi PvPv‡Zv fvB‡K e¨emvq hz³
AšÍf©z³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| Ki‡j I G‡¶‡Î Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi hveZx‡q
N. wewb‡qvM wm×všÍB e¨emv‡q Kx ai‡bi cwieZ©b Avm‡e ˆewkó¨ we‡klfv‡e we‡e‡P¨| †Kbbv eZ©gv‡b
e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv? gZvgZ `vI| e¨emvqwUi g‚jab mieivn `vZv `z'Rb| mzZivs G
5 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi `z'Rb‡KB e¨emv‡qi me hzw³ ev `vq enb Ki‡Z
K. f‚wg ej‡Z cÖK…wZi me `vb, †hgb: gvwU, cvwb, evqy, n‡e| ZvQvov GLb †_‡K e¨emv‡qi bvbvb ¸iæZ¡c‚Y©
Av‡jv hv gvbzl KL‡bv m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ggb wm×v‡šÍ Rbve wmiv‡Ri PvPv‡Zv fvB‡qi gšÍe¨ MY¨
m¤ú‡K© †evSvq| n‡e| †Kbbv e¨emv‡q Zvi I g‚jab i‡q‡Q| g‚jab
L. †`‡ki me bvMwiK †`‡ki †fZi I evB‡i GKwU RwbZ Kvi‡Y Rbve wmivR †hgb e¨emvqwUi gvwjK,
A_©eQ‡i †h cwigvY cY¨ I †mev Drcv`b K‡i Zv‡K †Zgwb Zvi PvPvZ fvB I e¨emvqwUi gvwjK| Avevi
†gvU RvwZi Drcv`vb e‡j| Askx`vi Qvov Ab¨ †KD gzbvdv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i
†gvU RvZxq Drcv`b mvaviYZ GK eQ‡ii Rb¨ wbY©q bv|mzZivs e¨emvqwU eZ©gvb Askx`vi `z'Rb| ZvB
Kiv nq| GLv‡b we‡`wk Ae¯’vbiZ †`kxq Avwg g‡b Kwi, e¨emvqwU eZ©gvb GKwU Askx`vwi
bvMwiK‡`i Avq AšÍf©z³ Kiv nq| †gvU RvZxq e¨emvq|
Drcv`b Gi m‚Î n‡jv - GNP = C+I+G+(X-M)
M. Rbve wmiv‡Ri cÖwZwôZ e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv 6. Rbve Zv‡iK GKwU †cvkvK KviLvbvi gvwjK| wZwb
msMV‡bi AšÍf©z³| KviLvbvi kÖwgK‡`i mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póvq e¨vcK mzbvg
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q GKRb gvÎ gvwjK Zv‡K| AR©b K‡i‡Qb| d‡j GLb Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ewk AW©vi
wZwb wb‡RB e¨emvq cwiPvjbv K‡ib| GB e¨emvq cv‡”Qb| GRb¨ wZwb KviLvbvi AvqZb evov‡Z Pvb|
msMV‡bi gvwjK‡K GKvB me `vq enb Ki‡Z nq wKš‘ mzweavRbK ¯’vb bv cvIqvq KviLvbvi AvqZb
Ges GKvB me gzbvdv †fvM K‡i| evov‡Z cvi‡Qb bv Ges AW©vi Abzhvqx †cvkvK
wg. wmivR w`bvRcz‡ii GKwU †cvwëª dvg© ¯’vcb Drcv`b Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv|
K‡ib| Zvi dv‡gi gziwM eo eo †nv‡U‡j mieivn K. g‚jab Kx?
Kiv nq| wZwb †cÖvwZôvbwUi †`Lv‡kvbvi `vwqZ¡ Zvi L. msMVb ej‡Z Kx ezS?
eÜz‡K w`‡jI Zv‡K gvwmK †eZb †`b| ZvB Zvi eÜ M. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ †cvkvK KviLvbvwU‡Z
cÖwZôv‡bi GKRb Kg©Pvix wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| wKš‘ me Drcv`‡bi †Kvb DcKiYwUi Afve dz‡U
`vq enb I gzbvdv wg. wmivR GKvB †fvM K‡ib Ges D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
wZwb GKvB g‚jab mieivn K‡i‡Qb| ZvQvov e¨emvi N. kÖg w`‡jI Rbve Zv‡i‡Ki KvR Ges KviLvbvi
cwiPvjbvMZ wm×všÍ wZwb GKvB wb‡q kÖwg‡Ki KvR GK bq - kÖ‡gi aib D‡jøLc‚e©K
_v‡Kb|e¨emvqwU m¤cÖmvi‡Yi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c‚Y© e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
wm×všÍwU I wZwb GKvB wb‡q‡Qb| Gme ˆewkó¨ 6 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, [Link]‡Ri cÖwZwôZ K. gvbz‡li cwikÖ‡gi d‡j Drcvw`Z †h m¤ú` czbivq
e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv msMV‡bi AšÍf©z³| Drcv`b Kv‡R wewb‡qvwRZ Kiv nq Zv‡K g‚jab
N. wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×v‡šÍ e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv n‡Z e‡j|
Askx`vwi e¨emv‡q cwiewZ©Z n‡Z e‡j Avwg g‡b L. wbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ Drcv`‡bi Dcv`vb¸‡jv
Kwi| - (f‚wg, kÖg, g‚jab. GKwÎZ K‡i G‡`i g‡a¨ mgš^q
`zB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ gzbvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Pzw³i mvabc‚e©K †Kvb cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbvi KvR‡K msMVb
wfwˇZ Askx`vwi e¨emvq msMVb M‡o Zz‡j| GwU e‡j|
evsjv‡`‡ki 1932 mv‡ji Askx`vwi AvBb Øviv msMVb `zB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ mgš^‡q MwVZ nq|
wbqwš¿Z I cwiPvwjZ nq| Drcv`‡bi gvbexq I Agvbexq Dcv`vb¸‡jv GKwÎZ
Rbve wmivR cÖ_‡g GKgvwjKvbv msMVb wn‡m‡e K‡i| GwU cÖwZôv‡bi GKwU wbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi
†cvwë dvg© ¯’vcb K‡ib| cieZ©xKv‡j e¨emvwU j‡¶¨ KvR K‡ib| †h‡Kv‡bv Drcv`‡bi KvR
mgcÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ wZwb Zvi PvPv‡Zv fvB‡qi KvQ mzôzfv‡e cwiPvjbvq msMVb Avek¨K|
†_‡K gzbvdv cÖ`v‡bi wfwˇZ 4 jvL UvKv wewb‡qv‡Mi M. D‡jøwLZ †cvkvK KviLvbvwU‡Z Drcv`‡bi f‚wg
wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Qb| A_©vr Zvi PvPvZ fvB GKRb DcKiYwUi Afve dz‡U D‡V‡Q|
Askx`vi|
 cÖvK…wZK me `vb (‡hgb: gvwU, cvwb, evqy. hv gvbzl M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Rbve mvwK‡ei †cvwë dvg©wU †Kvb
KL‡bvB m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ggb m¤ú`‡K f‚wg e‡j| ai‡bi msMVb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
f‚wg Qvov Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY kÖg, g‚jab, N. Zzwg wK g‡b Ki g‚jab e¨emvq m¤cÖmvi‡Y mnvqK?
msMVb cÖf…wZ Kvh©¶gnxb| hzw³ mn Av‡jvPbv K‡iv|
Rbve Zv‡iK GKwU †cvkvK KviLvbvi gvwjK| Zvi 7 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
Ges Zvi KviLvbvi kÖwgK‡`i cÖ‡Póvq KviLvbvwU K. f‚wg ej‡Z cÖK…wZi me `vb, †hgb: gvwU, cvwb, evqy,
e¨vcK mzbvg AR©b K‡i‡Q| d‡j Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ewk Av‡jv hv gvbzl KL‡bv m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ggb
AW©vi cvIqv hv‡”Q| Rbve Zv‡i‡Ki KviLvbvwU‡Z m¤ú‡K© †evSvq|
Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`vb¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv h‡_ó| L. K‡qKwU e¨emvq cÖwZôvb GKwÎZ n‡q AwaK gzbvdvi
†hgb, GwU‡Z h‡_ó cwigvY g‚jab i‡q‡Q| GK`j Avkvq Ges GKB e¨e¯’vcbvq e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡j
kÖwgK i‡q‡Q hviv kÖg †`‡e Ges GKRb msMVK Zv‡K ejv nq e¨emvq †RvU|
(Rbve Zv‡iK. i‡q‡Q bv| wKš‘ mzweavRbK ¯’v‡bi wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv cwinvi Kivi Rb¨
Afv‡e KviLvbv m¤cÖmviY Kiv hv‡”Q| mzZivs ejv cÖwZôvb¸‡jv e¨emvq †RvU MVb K‡i| GLv‡b GKB
hvh, Drcv`‡bi DcKiY Gi Afv‡e Rbve Zv‡iK e¨e¯’vcbvi Aax‡b e¨emvq Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv
KviLvbvwU m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| nq|GiKg e¨emvq †Rv‡Ui AšÍf©z³ cÖwZôvb ¸‡jv
N. kÖg w`‡jI Rbve Zv‡iK Gi KvR Ges KviLvbv mxgve×Zv `‚i Kiv Ges AwfÁZv I `¶Zv Kv‡R
kÖwg‡Ki KvR wfbœ| cÖ_gwU n‡”Q gvbwmK kÖg I jvwM‡q mvdj¨ AR©b KivB GB e¨emv‡qi g‚j j¶¨|
wØZxqwU n‡”Q ˆ`wnK kÖg| M. Rbve mvwK‡ei †cvwë dvg©wU n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv
†Kvb KvR m¤úv`‡bi †¶‡Î AwaK ezw×e…wËK kÖwgK e¨emvq msMVb|
cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Zv‡K gvbwmK kÖg e‡j| Ab¨w`‡K †Kvb GKK gvwjKvbv cÖwZôxZ Ges cwiPvwjZ e¨emvqB
e¨w³i kvixwiK kw³ e¨q K‡i †h Zv‡K ˆ`wnK ev GKgvwjKvbv msMVb| G e¨emv‡qi `vq Amxg|
KvwqK kÖg e‡j| gvwjK wb‡RB e¨emvi †`Lv‡kvbv K‡ib Ges wZwb
Rbve Zv‡iK GKwU †cvkvK KviLvbvi gvwjK| Rbve wb‡RB Zvi e¨emv‡qi hveZxq wm×všÍ wb‡q _v‡Kb|
Zv‡i‡Ki e¨w³MZ D‡`¨vM Ges kÖwgK‡`i †hŠ_ GK K_vq gvwjKB G e¨em‡qi me wKQz wbqš¿K|
cÖ‡Póvq cÖwZôvbwU e¨vcK mzbvg AR©b K‡i‡Q| †h Rbve mvwKe iscz‡i GKwU †cvwëª dv‡g© gvwjK|
Kvi‡Y Rbve Zv‡i‡Ki cÖwZôvbwU Av‡Mi †P‡q †ewk wb‡RB dv‡g©wU †`Lvïbv K‡ib| m¤cÖwZ wZwb
AW©vi cv‡”Q| g‚ja‡bi Afv‡e e¨emvq m¤cÖmviY Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|
Rbve Zv‡iK cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK| Ab¨w`‡K kÖwgKiv Zvi e¨emv‡q gvwjK wZwb wb‡R| Avevi e¨emv‡qi me
Zvi cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©Pvix| Rbve Zv‡i‡Ki KvR n‡”Q w`K Zv‡KB †`Lv‡kvbv Ki‡Z nq| Ab¨w`‡K Zvi
cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbv I e¨e¯’vcbv msµvšÍ hv gvbwmK GKvi c‡¶ †ewk g‚jab mieivn m¤¢e bq| GB
kÖ‡gi AšÍM©Z| Ab¨w`‡K kÖwg‡Ki KvR n‡”Q ˆewk󨸇jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMV‡bi mv‡_
kvixwiK| cÖwZôvbwU wKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e, mvgÄm¨c‚Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, Rbve kvwK‡ei †cvë
wKfv‡e cY¨gvb evov‡bv hvq, wKfv‡e AW©vi Avb‡Z GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb|
n‡e BZ¨vw` wb‡q Rbve Zv‡i‡K fve‡Z nq| wKš‘ N. g‚jab e¨emvi m¤cÖmvi‡Yi mnvqK - Dw³wUi mv‡_
kÖwgKiv ïaz gvwj‡Ki wb‡`©k Abzhvqx KvR Kwi| Avwg GKgZ|
mzZivs ejv hvq Zv‡i‡Ki KvR I kÖwg‡Ki KvR wfbœ g‚jab gvbz‡li cwikÖ‡gi d‡j Drcvw`Z m¤ú` hv
cÖK…wZi| gvbzl mivmwi †fvM bv K‡i AwaK Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
e¨envi K‡i ev Drcv`b Kv‡R wb‡qvvwRZ K‡i|
7. Rbve mvwKe iscz‡i GKwU †cvwëª dvg© gvwjK| wZwb gvbem…ó †h †Kvb Dcv`vb †hgb, bM` A_© AvmevcÎ,
wb‡RB dvg©wU †`Lv‡kvbv K‡i | Zvi dv‡g© 2,000 Awdm iæg, Mvwo, `vjvb‡KvVv cÖf…wZ g‚jab wn‡m‡e
gziwM Av‡Q| m¤cÖwZ mvwK‡ei cÖwZ‡ekx Avw_©K we‡ewPZ nq|
msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y Zvi dvg©wU weµq K‡i †`q| B”Qv Rbve mvwKe GKwU †cvwëª dvg© gvwjK| Zvi dv‡g©
_vK‡jI ch©vß g‚ja‡bi Afv‡e mvwKe dvg©wU wKb‡Z 2,000 gziwM Av‡Q| m¤cÖwZ mvwK‡ei cÖwZ‡ekx
cv‡i‡bwb| Avw_©K msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y Zvi dvg©wU weµq K‡i †`q|
K. f‚wg Kx? B”Qv _vK‡jI ch©vß g‚ja‡bi Afv‡e mvwKe dvg©wU
L. e¨emvq †RvU ej‡Z Kx ezSvq? wKb‡Z cv‡i‡bwb|
 g‚jab‡K e¨emvq msMV‡bi i³cÖev‡ni mv‡_ Zzjbv †hgb: Mv‡g©›Um wkí Z¨vM K‡i KvMR wk‡íi †hvM`vb
Kiv nq| KviY GKgvÎ g‚ja‡bi Afv‡e B”Qv Ges Ki‡j Zv‡K wkíMZ MwZkxjZv e‡j|
AwfÁZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I Rbve mvwKe dvg©wU wKb‡Z GK mgq weL¨vZ cvUKj Kwig RzU wgjm - Gi
cv‡ib wb| Rbve mvwK‡ei bM` A_© _vK‡j wZwb eZ©gvb e¨emvwqK Ae¯’v Lvivc| cÖwZôvbwU Zv‡`i
dvg©wU wKb‡Z cvi‡Zb| G‡Z Zvi e¨emvq cwiwa evRvi nvwi‡q‡Q| GB Ae¯’v cwiPvjbv cl©` wg.
evov‡Z cvi‡Zv| A_©vr g‚ja‡bi Afv‡eB Rbve ivwKe‡K D”P †eZ‡b Zv‡`i cÖwZôv‡b wb‡qvM †`b|
mvwK‡ei e¨emvqwU m¤cÖmvwiZ nqwb| ZvB Avwg Rbve ivwKe c‚‡e© GKwU cÖwZôv‡bi g¨v‡bRvi wQ‡jb|
Dw³wUi mv‡_ GKgZ †h, g‚jab e¨emvq m¤cÖmvi‡Yi †Kbbv eZ©gv‡b wZwb cvUwk‡íi †hvM`vb K‡i‡Qb|
mnvqK| Avi G cvU wkí nj GKwU wfbœ wkí| ZvB ejv hvq,
wg. ivwKe Zvi KvR cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g wkíMZ
8. GK mg‡qi weL¨vZ Kwig RzU wgj wj. Gi c‡Y¨i MwZkxjZv m…wó K‡i‡Qb|
evRvi GLb †bB e‡jB P‡j| cwiPvjbvi cl©` GB N. wg. ivwKe‡K GKRb `¶ msMVK ejv hvq e‡j Avwg
Ae¯’v †_‡K gzw³ †c‡Z Pvq| G j¶ Zviv GKwU g‡b Kwi|
weL¨vZ †cvkvK wk‡íi g¨v‡bRvi [Link]‡K D”P †h e¨w³ Drcv`‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Drcv`‡bi DcKiY mg‚n
†eZ‡b Zv‡`i cÖwZôv‡b wb‡qvM †`q| [Link] wewfbœ GKwÎZ K‡i mgm¨v mg‚n wPwýZ Ges Zv mgvav‡bi
Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ mvgÄm¨ weavb K‡ib| wefvMxq gva¨‡g Drcv`‡bi cÖ‡Póv Pvjvb, Zv‡K msMVb ejv
wbe©vnx‡`i mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e e‡m mgm¨v nq| Avi whwb G Kv‡R `¶Zv †`Lvb wZwb `¶
wPwýZ K‡ib Ges †mB mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvav‡bi c`‡¶c msMVK|
MÖnY K‡ib| cÖwZôvbwU czbivq Zvi evRvi ax‡i ax‡i Kwig RzU wgj‡mi e¨emvqxK evRvi Lvivc nIqvq Gi
wd‡i †c‡Z ïiæ K‡i| cwiPvjbv cl©` Rbve ivwKe‡K Gi mgvav‡b wb‡qvM
K. kÖg Kx? †`b| wg. ivwKe Drcv`‡bi Dcv`vb¸‡jvi mvgÄm¨
L. Kg©x‡`i ¶gZvi wfwˇZ kÖg wefvM †Kb weavb K‡ib| cÖwZôv‡bi wefvMxq wbe©vnx‡`i mv‡_
¸iæZ¡c‚Y©? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| e‡m mgm¨v wPwýZ K‡ib| Gici mgm¨v mgvav‡b
M. wg. ivwKe †Kvb ai‡bi kÖ‡gi MwZkxjZv m…wó c`‡¶c MÖnY K‡ib|
K‡i‡Qb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| wg. ivwKe Zvi mvsMVwbK ¸Yvejxi gva¨‡g KvR ¸‡jv
N. wg. ivwKe‡K wK GKRb `¶ msMVK ejv hvq? mwVK I h_vh_ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| c‚iex cÖwZôvbwU
†Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| mgm¨vq RR©wiZ wQj| wZwb mgm¨v Abzaveb I wPwýZ
8 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi K‡i G¸‡jv mgvav‡bi e¨e¯’v †bb, hv c‚‡e cwiPvjbv
K. cvwikÖwgK wewbg‡q Drcv`b Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ gvbz‡li cl©` Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| A_©vr wZwb Drcv`‡bi DcKiY
me ai‡bi kvixwiK I gvbwmK Kg© cÖ‡Póv‡K kÖg ¸‡jv mgwš^Zfv‡e mwµq K‡i wbR cÖ‡Póvq
e‡j| cÖwZôvbwU‡Z mvdj¨ wb‡q Av‡mb| ZvB wg. ivwKe‡K
L. †Kvb `Ö‡e¨i Drcv`b cÖwµqvi wewfbœ ¯Í‡i kÖwgK‡`i GKRb `¶ msMVK ejv hvq e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
¶gZv, †hvM¨Zv I mvg_¨© Abzhvqx wef³ K‡i Zv‡`i 9. Rbve mzgb, mzRb I cjvk wg‡j GKwU msMVb M‡o
g‡a¨ e›Ub K‡i †`Iqv‡K kÖg wefvM ejv nq| †Zvjvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Pzw³‡Z Ave× nb Ges Pzw³ Abzhvqx
kÖg wefvM Kg©x‡`i `¶Zv e…w× K‡i| kÖg wefvRb e¨emv‡q g‚jab mieivn K‡ib| wKš‘ wKQzw`b ci
Kg©xi ¶gZv Abzmv‡i Kiv nq| G‡Z mwVK e¨w³i Rbve mzg‡bi mv‡_ Ab¨ `zR‡b gZv‰bK¨ †`Lv †`Iqvi
gva¨‡g Kvw•LZ KvRwU m¤úv`b Kiv m¤¢eci nq| wZwb Aemi MÖnY K‡ib|
Avevi kÖwgK‡`i †hvM¨Zv I `¶Zv Abzmv‡i KvR K. msMVb Kx?
Kivi d‡j m‡e©v”P djvdj AwR©Z nq| ZvQvov kÖg L. msMV‡bi wZbwU ˆewkó¨ wjL|
wefv‡Mi d‡j kÖwgKiv we‡kl we‡kl wefv‡Mi Kv‡R L. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wZbRb wg‡j Kx ai‡bi msMVb
c‚‡ei †_‡K AviI `¶ n‡q I‡V| ZvB Kg©x‡`i M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb? e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
¶gZvi e…wׇZ kÖg wefvM ¸iæZ¡c‚Y©| N. Askx`vi e¨emvi Pzw³ I Av¯’v wek¦v‡mi m‡c‡¶
M. Rbve ivwKe kÖ‡gi wkíMZ MwZkxjZv m…wó K‡i‡Qb| hzw³ `vI|
†Kvb kÖwgK hLb GK wkí Z¨vM K‡i Ab¨ wkíxi 9 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
†hvM`vb K‡i ZLb Zv‡K wkíMZ MwZkxjZv e‡j| K. cY¨ Drcv`‡bi D‡Ïk¨ f‚wg, kÖg I g‚jab GKÎxKiY
I cÖwZôvb MVb I cwiPvjbv Kiv‡K msMVb e‡j|
L. msMVb ej‡Z Ggb GK`j Rbmgwó‡K ezSvq hviv Av¯’v I wek¦vm Askx`vwi e¨emvq †K MwZkxj K‡i
†Kv‡bv we‡kl D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ GKwÎZ n‡q Ges mvdj¨ AR©b Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i|
KvR K‡i|
msMV‡bi wZbwU ˆewkó¨ n‡jv: 1. msMVb †QvU-eo 10. Avkv GKwU †emiKvwi ms¯’v| ms¯’vwU cÖZ¨šÍ
†hgbB †nvK Gi mzwbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨ _vK‡e| 2. msMVb AÂj¸‡jv‡Z Zv‡`i kvLv ¯’vcb K‡i RbmvaviY‡K
n‡Z n‡j `zB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³i mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU A_© m‡q D×z× Kij| ¶z`Ö ¶z`Ö mÂq msMÖn K‡i
`j _vK‡Z n‡e| 3. Drcv`‡bi Ab¨ DcKiY¸‡jv ms¯’vwU e…nr g‚jab MVb Kivi ci RbmvaviY‡K
†hgb :f‚wg ,kÖg, g‚jab mgš^q Ki‡e| Drcv`bg‚jK Lv‡Z FY cÖ`vb Ki‡jv| G‡Z K‡i H
M. DÏxc‡Ki wZbRb e¨w³ wg‡j Askx`vwi msMVb M‡o AÂjmg‚‡n bZzb bZzb wkí cÖwZôvb M‡o DVj|
Zz‡jwQ‡jb| K. Drcv`‡bi cÖvK…wZK DcKiY Kx?
`zB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ gzbvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Pzw³i L. kÖg GKwU RxešÍ Dcv`vb _ e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
wfwˇZ Askx`vwi msMVb M‡o †Zv‡jb| Pzw³ M. Avkv g‚jab MV‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡q Av‡Q? e¨vL¨v
Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi g‚j wfwË| Pzw³i wfwˇZB K‡iv|
Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ nq Ges N. Avkvi FY`vb bZzb wkí MV‡b KZUv mnvqK
gzbvdv e›Ub nq| Zv we‡kølY K‡iv|
Rbve mzgb, mzRb I cjvk wg‡j GKwU msMVb M‡q 10 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
Zz‡jb| Pzw³ Abzhvqx ZvivB e¨emv‡qi g‚jab mieivn K. Drcv`‡bi cÖvK…wZK DcKiY n‡jv f‚wg|
K‡ib| Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi ˆewkó¨ Abzmv‡i Gi L. gvbz‡li kvixwiK, gvbwmK Ges ezw×e…wËK Kg©cÖ‡Póv
m`m¨ msL¨v 2 ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk n‡Z nq| DÏxc‡Ki hv cY¨ Drcv`b Kv‡h© e¨envi K‡i A_© ev DcvR©b
cÖwZôv‡bi gvwj‡Ki msL¨v 3 Rb, Askx`vwi e¨emvq Kiv nq ZvB ejv nj kÖg|
msMV‡bi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c‚Y©| Drcv`‡bi DcKiYmg‚n mzôzfv‡e e¨envi Ges
N. Askx`vwi e¨emvq Askx`vi‡`i g‡a¨ Pzw³, Av¯’v I Drcv`bKvh© cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| kÖ‡gi
wek¦vm' Qvov e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e bq| KviY mvnvh¨ Qvov Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY Ae¨eüZ
G¸‡jvB Askx`vix e¨emv‡qi wfwË cÖavb wbqgK| Ae¯’vq _v‡K| kÖg e¨envi K‡i Gme Dcv`vb Kv‡R
Askx`vix e¨emv‡qi Pzw³‡Z Askx`vi‡`i g‚ja‡bi jvMv‡bv nq| kÖg Drcv`‡bi DcKiY¸‡jv RxešÍ I
cwigvY, gzbvdv MÖnY I †jvKmv‡bi cwigvY, Zv‡`i mwµq K‡i †Zv‡j| ZvB kÖg nj RxešÍ Dcv`vb|
ga¨Kvi m¤ú‡Ki aib cÖf…wË msÁvwqZ Kiv nq| M. Avkv g‚jab MV‡bi †kl ch©vq A_©vr Avw_©K mÂq‡K
ZvQvov Abzmvix‡`i g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK Av¯’v I wek¦vm g‚jabx `Ö‡e¨ iƒcvšÍi ch©v‡q Av‡Q|
_vK‡Z nq| Av¯’v I wek¦vm bv _vK‡j e¨emvq GKwU †`k ev A‡j RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q mÂq ¶z`Ö ev
cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e bv| wew”Qbœfv‡e Ae¯’vb K‡i| e¨vsK, exgv-‡Kv¤úvbx I
Rbve mzgb, mzRb I cjvk wg‡j GKwU msMVb M‡o Abziƒc Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb Gme mÂq‡K msMÖn
†Zv‡jb GK‡Î Zviv GKwU Pzw³cÎ ˆZwi K‡ib Ges K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z Zv †_‡K Drcv`bKvix ev
†m Abzhvqx e¨emv‡qi g‚jab mieivn K‡ib| wKš‘ D‡`¨v³v‡`i FY cÖ`vb K‡i| d‡j GB ¶z`Ö mÂq
cvi¯úwiK Av¯’v I wek¦v‡mi Afv‡e mzgb wKQzw`‡bi D‡`¨v³v‡`i g‚jabx `Ö‡e¨ iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| Zviv g‚jab
g‡a¨ e¨emv †_‡K Aemi MÖnY K‡ib| MVb K‡i bZzb bZzb wkí - KviLvbv M‡o Zz‡j|
mzgb, mzRb I cjvk GK‡Î wg‡j e¨emv ¯’vcb Ki‡jI Gfv‡e g‚jab MV‡bi †kl ch©v‡q mÂq g‚jabx `Ö‡e¨
e¨emv‡q mevi Kv‡Ri aib GK n‡e bv| †KD e¨emvi iƒcvšÍwiZ nq|
cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| Avevi †KD cY¨ weµ‡q `vwqZ¡ Avkv ms¯’vwUi cÖZ¨šÍ AÂj †_‡K RbM‡Yi mÂq
_vK‡e| †KDev cY¨ Drcv`‡bi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e| msMÖn K‡i Zv †_‡K Drcv`bg‚j Lv‡Z FY cÖ`vb
G‡¶‡Î mevi cÖwZ mevi Av¯’v I wek¦vm _vKvUv Kij| G FY w`‡q Drcv`K D‡`¨v³viv Zv‡`i g‚jab
¸iæZ¡c‚Y©| cvi¯úwiK Av¯’v I wek¦vm mK‡ji Kvh©µ‡g MVb Kij| G‡Z H AÂjmg‚‡n bZzb bZzb wkí
MwZkxjZv Avb‡e| Avi Pzw³ n‡jv G e¨emv‡qi g‚j cÖwZôvb M‡q D‡V‡Q| g‚jab MV‡bi Z…Zxq ev †kl
wfwË| Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi Pzw³ gzbvdv MÖnY wKsev ch©v‡q AvwZ¥K mÂq g‚jabx `Ö‡e¨ iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q wkí
†jvKmvb en‡bi cwigvY wbw`©ó K‡i †`q| d‡j - KviLvbv ev e¨emv cÖwZôvb M‡o I‡V| G †_‡K
e¨emv‡q fwel¨‡Z †Kvb mgm¨v nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K †evSv hvq, Avkv g‚jab MV‡bi †kl ch©v‡q Av‡Q|
bv| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq| Askx`vi‡`i g‡a¨Kvi Pzw³, N. Avkvi FY`vb bZzb wkíx MV‡b AZ¨šÍ mnvqK|
F‡Yi gva¨‡g FYMÖnxZv wbw`©ó mz‡`i wewbg‡q
FY`vZvi KvQ †_‡K Avw_©K mzweav †c‡q _v‡K| mg‡q
g‡Zv Avw_©K mzweav †c‡j e¨emvq ¯’vcb m¤cÖmviY
A_ev mzôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Avkv GKwU †emiKvwi ms¯’v| ms¯’vwU ¶z`Ö ¶z`Ö mÂq
msMÖn K‡i e…nr g‚jab MVb K‡i| c‡i RbmvaviY‡K
Drcv`vbg‚jK Lv‡Z FY cÖ`vb K‡i| G‡Z bZzb
D‡`¨v³viv bZzb wkí MV‡b Avw_©K mzweav cvb|
bZzb wkí MV‡bi Rb¨ mvaviYZ cÖ_‡g cÖPzi g‚ja‡bi
cÖ‡qvRb nq| D‡`¨v³v GKKvjxb mg‡q GZ eo
As‡Ki g‚jab msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ FY `vbKvix cÖwZôv‡bi
Øvi¯’ nq| Avkv †Zgb GKwU cÖwZôvb| cÖwZôvbwU
RbM‡Yi ¶z`Ö ¶z`Ö mÂq msMÖn K‡i wkí D‡`¨v³v‡`i
FY cÖ`vb Kij| G‡Z K‡i H AšÍimg‚‡ni bZzb bZzb
wkí cÖwZôvb M‡o DV‡jv| ZvB ejv hvq, Avkvi
FY`vb bZzb wkí MV‡b AZ¨šÍ mnvqK|