CLASS 11: Informatics Practices
In today's session:
Introduction to Python
• We'll start with some concepts:
• Python keywords
• Python identifiers
• Python Variables
• Examples of simple Programs
• Python Data Types
To prepare tea we follow these three steps
•Step-1(INPUT) Take some raw ingredients like – water, milk, tea leaves and sugar.
•Step-2(PROCESS) Boil these ingredients for some time.
•Step-3(OUTPUT) Serve the prepared tea.
• Each program in the computer goes through
an IPO cycle
• IPO stands for “Input Process Output” cycle,
i.e. a program take some input data then
process this data and generate output for
user.
Token:
• The smallest individual unit of the program is called token.
• Every program is made up of – keywords, variables, operators,
literals etc. all of these small units of a computer program
Keywords
• Keywords of a programming language are the predefined
words.
• Here predefined means – “What action will take place on
execution of a keyword is already known to the interpreter”.
Keywords
• For each keyword the interpreter is programmed to take
necessary action.
• Each keyword has specific meaning according to which the
interpreter executes the keyword.
Identifiers
•Identifiers are the names given to the different parts of the
computer program.
•For example if a programmer creates a new function then he
provides a specific name for that function.
Variable
Variable is an identifier whose value can change.
Variables
•num = 5
•For above statement, Python will internally create a label named
“num” to a memory block
•Value of a variable can be any string for example name of a
person-“Ram”, it can be a number like - 65,500 or 125 or any
combination of alphanumeric characters.
•Variables must always be assigned values before they are used in
the program, otherwise it will lead to an error.
A sample program
#To find the sum of two given numbers
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
result = num1 + num2
A sample program
#To find the sum of two given numbers
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
result = num1 + num2
print(result)
#print function in python displays the output
A sample program
#To find the area of a rectangle
length = 10
breadth = 20
area = length*breadth
print(area)
Data types
• Data type specifies the nature of data which a variable can
hold. And according to the data type of variable we can
perform certain operations on that variable.
Data types
Data types
Sequence
Sequence
(A) String
String is a group of characters. These characters may be
alphabets, digits or special characters including spaces.
Sequence
(B) List
It is a sequence of items separated by commas and items are
enclosed in square brackets [ ]. Items may be of different
data types.
Sequence
(C) Tuple
Tuple is a sequence of items separated by commas and items
are enclosed in parenthesis ( ). Once created, we cannot
change items in the tuple.
Expressions
A small set of variables, operators, and value is known
as expression.
It seems like every line of a
program can be an
expression.
UNIT RDBMS:
Data
manupulation
using SQL
Thank you!