1. What do you mean by Environment?

a) Surroundings
b) Animals only
c) Plants only
d) Water only
Answer: A
2. What is the scope of environmental sciences?
a) Biology
b) Physics
c) Social sciences
d) All of these
Answer: D
3. Why is public awareness needed?
a) Reduce pollution
b) Increase pollution
c) Exploit nature
d) Ignore nature
Answer: A
4. What were early humans like?
a) Farmers
b) Hunter-gatherers
c) Industrial workers
d) Engineers
Answer: B
5. When did the Industrial Revolution began?
a) 16th century
b) 17th century
c) 18th century
d) 19th century
Answer: C
6. Industrial revolution increased—
a) Clean air
b) Pollution
c) Forest cover
d) Soil fertility
Answer: B
7. On what does population growth put pressure?
a) Natural resources b) Computers
c) Entertainment d) None
Answer: A
8. What is an example of resource exploitation?
a) Overfishing
b) Recycling
c) Planting trees
d) Saving water
Answer: A
9. The word ‘Environment’ is derived from
a. Greek b. French c. Spanish d. English

Answer: B
10. Hunter-gatherers depended mainly on—
a) Forests
b) Factories
c) Computers
d) Robots
Answer: A
11. Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a. Coal b. Solar energy c. Natural gas d. Petroleum

Answer: B
12. Public awareness programme—
a) Van Mahotsav
b) Cricket match
c) Concert
d) Shopping fest
Answer: A
13. Which natural resource is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" due to its role in oxygen
production?

a. Water resources b. Soil resources

c. Forest resources d. Mineral resources

Answer: C
14. The World Environment Day is on:
a. 5th May b. 5th June c. 18th July d. 16th August

Answer : B

15. What is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth?

a. Rivers b. Lakes c. Glaciers and ice caps d. Groundwater

Answer: C
16. What is a consequence of soil erosion on agricultural lands?

a. Increased fertility b. Enhanced crop yield

c. Reduced soil fertility and loss of topsoil d. Decreased water runoff

Answer: C
17. Which agricultural practice focuses on cultivating a variety of crops in the same area?
a. Monoculture b. Agroforestry c. Polyculture d. Deforestation

Answer: C
18. Which energy resource is derived from the heat of the Earth's interior?
a. Solar energy b. Geothermal energy

c. Wind energy d. Hydroelectric energy

Answer : B

19. What is an example of a renewable resource?

a) Solar energy
b) Coal
c) Petroleum
d) Minerals
Answer: A
20. What is an example of a Non-renewable resource?
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Petroleum
d) Sunlight
Answer: C
21. What is the term for the conversion of forested land into agricultural or urban areas?
a. Afforestation b. Reforestation c. Urbanization d. Deforestation

Answer : D
22. What is the primary cause of deforestation?
a. Sustainable logging practices b. Urbanization

c. Afforestation efforts d. Clear-cutting for agriculture

Answer : D
23. What did hunter-gatherers use?
a) Simple tools
b) Heavy machines
c) Industries
d) Computers
Answer: A
24. What is a primary greenhouse gas responsible for climate change?
a. Oxygen b. Nitrogen c. Carbon dioxide d. Hydrogen

Answer: C
25. What is an example of the productive use value of biodiversity?
a. Ecotourism b. Pharmaceutical products

c. Cultural and spiritual significance d. Aesthetic value

Answer: A
26. Which example of Non-renewable resource ?

a) Wind
b) Solar
c) Petroleum
d) Water
Answer: C
27. What is the term for the number of different species in a given area?
a. Genetic diversity b. Species diversity

c. Ecosystem diversity d. Habitat diversity

Answer: B
28. What is an example of the productive use value of biodiversity?
a. Ecotourism b. Pharmaceutical products

c. Cultural and spiritual significance d. Aesthetic value

Answer : A

29. Sustainable practices include—

a) Recycling b) Planting trees
c) Saving water d) All
Answer: D
30. What is the primary goal of in-situ conservation of biodiversity?
a. To conserve species within their natural habitats

b. To conserve species in captivity

c. To encourage habitat destruction

d. To promote habitat fragmentation

Answer : A

31. Environment is important for—

a) Life
b) Economy
c) Biodiversity
d) All
Answer: D
32. Which term describes a renewable resource?
a) Get exhausted soon
b) Renew naturally
c) Cannot be replaced
d) Are unlimited only
Answer: B
33. Water scarcity occurs due to—
a) Overuse
b) Conservation
c) Rainfall
d) Ocean water
Answer: A
34. What term refers to the release of harmful substances into the air, water, or soil during
industrial activities?

a. Conservation b. Pollution c. Sustainability d. Preservation

Answer: B
35. How is pollution defined in environmental science?
a. The natural balance of ecosystems

b. The intentional release of beneficial substances

c. The introduction of contaminants into the environment, causing harm

d. The preservation of natural resources

Answer: C
36. How does atmospheric deposition contribute to pollution in aquatic ecosystems?
a. By promoting aquatic biodiversity b. By increasing water clarity

c. By introducing pollutants from the air into water bodies

d. By reducing nutrient levels

Answer: C
37. The study of relationships between organisms and environment is called—
a) Zoology b) Ecology
c) Geology d) Anthropology
Answer: B
38. What distinguishes primary pollutants from secondary pollutants?
a. Primary pollutants are naturally occurring, while secondary pollutants are human-made.

b. Primary pollutants are directly emitted into the air, while secondary pollutants form in the
atmosphere.

c. Primary pollutants are less harmful than secondary pollutants.

d. Secondary pollutants are emitted by natural sources, while primary pollutants are
anthropogenic.
Answer: B
39. How can exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) indoors affect human health?
a. Enhancing immune response b. Improving respiratory function

c. Irritating eyes, nose, and throat d. Reducing allergy symptoms

Answer: C
40. Which of the following is a significant source of indoor air pollution?
a. Outdoor industrial emissions

b. Household cooking and heating appliances

c. Vehicle exhaust d. Natural wildfires

Answer: B
41. Which is a major cause of environmental pollution?
a) Eco-friendly technology
b) Industrialization
c) Afforestation
d) Soil conservation
Answer: B
42. Acid rain contains—
a) H O
b) CO
c) SO & NOx
d) O
Answer: C
43. What is factor of leads to Deforestation?
a) Soil erosion
b) Clean air
c) Less flooding
d) Rich biodiversity
Answer: A
44. Which of the following is primarily responsible for ozone depletion?
a) CO
b) CFCs
c) O
d) H O
Answer: B
45. Which of the following is primarily responsible for Climate change ?
a) Greenhouse gases
b) Oxygen
c) Rainfall
d) Moon
Answer: A
46. Which natural resource supports biodiversity the most?
a) Forest
b) Gravel
c) Coal
d) Air
Answer: A
47. Which of the following is primarily method of Water conservation ?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Flood irrigation
c) Wasting water
d) Long showers
Answer: A
48. What causes soil fertility to decrease?
a) Chemical fertilizers
b) Organic manure
c) Mulching
d) Plantation
Answer: A
49. Which of the following is a method of solid waste disposal that involves the controlled burning
of waste?

a. Landfilling b. Composting c. Incineration d. Recycling

Answer: C
50. What is the major cause of forest depletion?
a) Mining
b) Reuse of water
c) Drip irrigation
d) Composting
Answer: A
51. What is a common component of e-waste (electronic waste) that poses environmental
challenges?

a. Biodegradable materials b. Non-recyclable plastics

c. Toxic heavy metals and hazardous chemicals d. Organic matter

Answer: C
52. How can the improper disposal of solid waste impact wildlife in natural ecosystems?
a. By enhancing biodiversity

b. By providing additional habitat options

c. By causing habitat destruction, ingestion of harmful materials, and entanglement

d. By promoting overall ecosystem stability

Answer: C
53. What is the most accurate definition of noise pollution?
a. Pleasant sounds in the environment

b. Any unwanted or harmful sound that interferes with normal activities

c. Melodious tunes in urban areas

d. Background sounds in natural settings

Answer: B
54. What is the standard unit used to measure the intensity of sound?
a. Decibel (dB) b. Hertz (Hz) c. Watt (W) d. Ampere (A)

Answer: A
55. What is a potential source of indoor noise pollution?
a. Birds chirping outside the window

b. Quiet conversations among family members

c. Home appliances and electronic devices

d. Rainfall on the roof

Answer: C
56. Which organization sets guidelines for environmental noise levels to protect public health?
a. World Health Organization (WHO)

b. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

c. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

d. World Trade Organization (WTO)

Answer: A
57. How can chronic exposure to high noise levels affect sleep patterns?
a. Enhancing deep sleep b. Reducing the risk of sleep disorders

c. Disturbing sleep and causing insomnia d. Promoting restful sleep

Answer: C
58. How can noise pollution in workplace settings impact occupational health?
a. By promoting a conducive and productive work environment

b. By causing stress, hearing impairment, and reduced productivity

c. By improving communication among employees

d. By enhancing job satisfaction

Answer: B
59. Acid rain damages—
a) Buildings
b) Crops
c) Forests
d) All
Answer: D

60. What is a potential impact of noise pollution on the hearing abilities of individuals?
a. Improved hearing acuity b. Enhanced sensitivity to soft sounds

c. Hearing impairment and loss over time

d. Reduced risk of hearing-related issues

Answer: C
61. Lime is added to the soil which is too
a. Sandy b. Salty c. Alkaline d. Acidic

Answer: D
62. Biodiversity of a geographical region represents
a. Genetic diversity present in the dominant species of the region
b. Species endemic to the region
c. Endangered species found in the region

d. The diversity in the organisms living in the region

Answer: B
63. Which of the following reduces renewable energy ?
a) Carbon emissions
b) Wind energy
c) Sunlight
d) Oxygen
Answer: A
64. What are the two basic categories of an ecosystem?
a. Aquatic and terrestrial b. Aquatic and fores

c. Ponds and lake d. Rivers and forests

Answer: A

65. What is meant by biodiversity?

a) Variety of life forms
b) Soil type
c) Water quality
d) Air temperature
Answer: A
66. How many levels of biodiversity are there?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Five
Answer: C
(Genetic, Species, Ecosystem)
67. Resources which are directly derived from nature are referred to as
a. Organic resources b. Natural resources

c. Man-made resources d. None of the above

Answer: B
68. What would you do to prevent environmental damage ?
a. Plant trees b. Stop deforestation

c. Control pollution d. All of the above

Answer: D
69. What does species diversity mean?
a) Variety of genes
b) Variety of species
c) Variety of ecosystems
d) Variety of minerals
Answer: B
70. Energy in the rays from the sun is called
a. Solar energy b. Wind energy c. Tidal energy d. Water energy

Answer : A
71. What does Ecosystem diversity mean?
a) Genes
b) Species
c) Habitats and ecosystems
d) Minerals
Answer: C

72. Which is a list of renewable resources?

a. Petroleum, geothermal, wind b. Biomass, geothermal, hydropower

c. Natural gas, wind, biomass d. Hydropower, solar, wind energy

Answer: D
73. Environmental education is important only at
a. Primary school stage b. Secondary school stage

c. Collage stage d. All stages

Answer: D
74. The Chipko movement was originated in_____district of Uttarakhand
a. Haridwar b. Dehradun c. Champawat d. Chamoli

Answer: D
75. What is meant by consumptive use of biodiversity?
a) Aesthetic value
b) Direct use like food
c) Ethical value
d) Cultural value
Answer: B
76. What does productive use of biodiversity mean?
a) Medicines
b) Timber
c) Fuel
d) All
Answer: D
77. Extensive planting of trees to increase forest cover is called
a. Afforestation b. Agroforestry

c. Deforestation d. Social forestry

Answer : A
78. Environment is the life support system that includes
a. Air b. Water c. Land d. All of the above

Answer: D
79. What is the scope of environmental science?
a. Studying only human activities

b. Focusing solely on climate change

c. Investigating the interactions between organisms and their surroundings

d. Exploring only geological formations

Answer: C
80. Which of the following is an effective way to raise public awareness about environmental
issues?

a. Ignoring education

b. Implementing environmental education programs

c. Encouraging wasteful behaviour

d. Discouraging community engagement

Answer: B
81. How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to environmental pollution?
a. By promoting sustainable practices

b. Through increased use of fossil fuels and factory emissions

c. By reducing industrial activities

d. Through widespread conservation efforts

Answer: B
82. Which of the following is management option for air pollution?
a. Regulations and standards b. Transport planning

c. Using CNG as fuel d. All of these

Answer: D
83. Development activities on the hydrosphere cause

a. Air pollution b. Soil pollution c. Water pollution d. Soil erosion

Answer: C
84. What is the term for the study of the relationship between human societies and their
environments?

a. Anthropology b. Sociology c. Environmental science d. Geology

Answer: A
85. Which is an example of hazardous waste often generated by healthcare facilities?

a. Plastic bottles b. Radioactive materials

c. Paper waste d. Aluminium cans

Answer: B
86. What does the ethical value of biodiversity refer to?

a) Use in industries
b) Conservation for future
c) Use for beauty
d) None
Answer: B
87. What characterizes a non-renewable resource?
a. Infinite availability b. Rapid regeneration

c. Limited supply d. Continuous replenishment

Answer: C
88. What is a major environmental problem associated with deforestation?
a. Soil erosion b. Excessive oxygen production

c. Increased biodiversity d. Enhanced carbon sequestration

Answer : A
89. Which practice involves the removal of all trees from an area, often for agricultural purposes?

a. Afforestation b. Reforestation c. Clear-cutting d. Selective logging

Answer: C
90. Which human activity is a major contributor to water pollution in rivers and lakes?

a. Sustainable agriculture b. Proper waste disposal

c. Industrial discharges d. Afforestation

Answer: C
91. What does aesthetic value refer to?
a) Beauty of nature
b) Food
c) Fuel
d) Medicine
Answer: A
92. How does deforestation contribute to climate change?
a. By releasing oxygen

b. By reducing carbon dioxide levels

c. By releasing stored carbon into the atmosphere

d. By promoting afforestation

Answer: C
93. What is the term for the gradual increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human
activities?

a. Greenhouse effect b. Global warming

c. Ozone layer depletion d. Acid rain

Answer: B
94. In which year was the Environment (Protection) Act enacted?
a) 1972
b) 1986
c) 1980
d) 1996
Answer: B
95. What did the Water Act created?
a) CPCB
b) SPCB only
c) Both CPCB and SPCB
d) NTCA
Answer: C
96. What the main purpose of the Water Act ?
a) Protect forests
b) Control water pollution
c) Protect wildlife
d) Manage noise
Answer: B
97. Which Act controls factory pollution?
a) Wildlife Act
b) Air Act
c) Indian Penal Code
d) Right to Education
Answer: B
98. Under which Act are national parks protected?
a) Water Act
b) Wildlife Protection Act
c) Air Act
d) Forest Act
Answer: B
99. The Environment Protection Act was passed after which event?”
a) Bhopal gas tragedy
b) Independence
c) Chipko movement
d) Ganga Action Plan

Answer : A
100. In which year did India stop CFC production?
a) 1990
b) 2010
c) 2020
d) 1980
Answer: B

101. What is a major cause of forest depletion?

a) Mining
b) Reuse of water
c) Drip irrigation
d) Composting
Answer : A
102. Which natural resource is directly affected by soil erosion?
a) Forest
b) Mineral
c) Agricultural land
d) Coal
Answer: C
103. What is the term for the study of the relationship between human societies and their
environments?

a. Anthropology b. Sociology c. Environmental science d. Geology

104. Which is a problem associated with mineral resources?

a) Mining accidents
b) Glacier melting
c) Noise pollution
d) Indoor air quality
Answer : A
105. Which method is used to conserve soil?
a) Overgrazing
b) Contour ploughing
c) Deforestation
d) Quarrying
Answer : B
106. Which of the following causes food resource depletion?
a) Crop rotation
b) Overfishing
c) Natural regeneration
d) Afforestation
Answer : B
107. What is a natural way to recharge groundwater?
a) Rainwater harvesting
b) Road construction
c)Over-irrigation
d) Waste dumping
Answer : A
108. Which is the most widely used renewable energy?
a)Biogas
b)Tidal
c)Nuclear
d) Coal
Answer : A
109. Which practice involves the removal of all trees from an area, often for agricultural purposes?
a. Afforestation b. Reforestation c. Clear-cutting d. Selective

Answer : C
110. Which human activity is a major contributor to water pollution in rivers and lakes?
a. Sustainable agriculture b. Proper waste disposal

c. Industrial discharges d. Afforestation

Answer : C
111. What is soil pollution mainly caused by?
a) Pesticides
b) Mulching
c) Compost
d) Terrace farming
Answer : A
112. Which is a sustainable method of forest conservation?
a) Selective cutting
b) Over harvesting
c) Slash and burn
d) Mono culture
Answer : A
113. Which renewable energy is suitable for villages?
a) Diesel
b) Biogas
c) Coal
d) Kerosene
Answer : B
114. Which activity increases soil erosion?
a) Afforestation
b) Overgrazing
c) Crop rotation
d) Mulching
Answer : B
115. What do mineral resources include?
a) Cotton
b) Iron ore
c) Timber
d) Rubber
Answer : B
116. What do forests help in reducing?
a) Air pollution
b) Biodiversity
c) Oxygen
d) Soil fertility
Answer : A
117. What causes water scarcity?
a) Over-irrigation
b) Rainwater harvesting
c) Cloud seeding
d) Conservation
Answer : A
118. What does responsible water use include?
a) Overfilling tanks
b) Fixing leaks
c) Wasting tap water
d) Chemical dumping
Answer : B
119. Why are forests important?
a) Biodiversity
b) Soil erosion
c) Climate disruption
d) Mining
Answer : A
120. What does food security depend on?
a) Balanced farming
b) Deforestation
c) Overfishing
d) Mining
Answer : A
121. What does natural resource degradation include?
a) Afforestation
 b) Water pollution
c) Organic farming
d) Recycling
Answer : B
122. What does burning fossil fuels cause?
a) Global warming
b) Soil conservation
c) Mineral formation
d) Groundwater recharge
Answer : A
123. What is an individual method of conservation?
a) Using LED bulbs
b) Using coal
c) Leaving taps open
d) Burning waste
Answer : A
124. What does excessive agriculture affects?
a) Soil nutrients
b) Soil fertility
c) Soil texture
d) All of these
Answer : A
125. Which method can be used to reduce water wastage?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Flood irrigation
c) Over-irrigation
d) Dumping waste
Answer : A
126. What does proper forest management include?
a) Controlled grazing
b) Mining
c) Deforestation
d) Fuelwood overuse
Answer : A
127. What does biodiversity refer to?
a) Variety of life forms
b) Air quality
c) Water cycle
d) Soil fertility
Answer : A
128. Among whom does genetic diversity exist?
a) Species
b) Genes with in species
c) Ecosystems
d) Forests
Answer : B
129. What does species diversity mean?
a) Diversity among genes
b) Diversity among species
c) Diversity among climates
d) None
Answer : B
130. Which level of biodiversity includes landscapes?
a) Genetic
b) Species
c) Ecosystem
d) Cellular
Answer : C
131. Who proposed the concept of biodiversity hotspots?
a) Darwin
b) Norman Myers
c) Odum
d) Linnaeus
Answer : B
132. What does high biodiversity indicate?
a) Stability
b) Pollution
c) Monoculture
d) Water logging
Answer : A
133. To what is the aesthetic value of biodiversity related?
a) Beauty
b) Food
c) Medicine
d) Agriculture
Answer : A
134. What is an example of a consumptive use?
a) Fishing
b) Tourism
c) Photography
d) Bird watching
Answer : A
135. What does poaching refer to?
a) Illegal hunting
b) Waste dumping
c) Fishing legally
d) Burning forests
Answer : A
136. What is the main cause of biodiversity loss?
a) Habitat destruction
b) Gardening
c) Protection
d) Breeding
Answer : A
136. How does climate change affect biodiversity?
a) Altering habitats
b) Increasing forests
c) Increasing rainfall always
d) Creating fertile soil
Answer : A
137. What is an example of in-situ conservation?
a) National park
b) Zoo
c) Seed bank
d) Botanical garden
Answer : A
138. What does ex-situ conservation include?
a) Wildlife sanctuaries
b) National parks
c) Zoological parks
d) Biosphere reserves
Answer : C
139. Which is a threat to biodiversity?
a) Afforestation
b) Poaching
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Organic farming
Answer : B
140. Where is biodiversity highest?
a) Tropical forests
b) Arctic
c) Deserts
d) Grasslands
Answer : A
141. How does a forest fire affect biodiversity?
a) Destroying habitat
b) Increasing water
c) Increasing soil quality
d) Attracting wildlife
Answer : A
142. What do national parks conserve?
a) Wildlife
b) Noise
c)Pollution
d) Minerals
Answer : A
143. How does biodiversity help?
a) Ecological balance
b) Water logging
c) Desertification
d) Noise increase
Answer : A
144. What does ethical value refer to?
a) Human responsibility to protect species
b) Food
c) Medicine
d) Timber
Answer : A
145. What causes species extinction?
a) Climate change
b) Pollution
c) Habitat fragmentation
d) All of these
Answer : D
146. What is a zoo an example of?
a) In-situ
b) Ex-situ
c) Natural habitat
d) Genepool
Answer : B
147. What are hotspots regions of?
a) High endemic species
b) Deserts
c) Polarice
d) Ocean currents
Answer : A
148. What does ecotourism promote?
a) Conservation
b) Pollution
c) Poaching
d) Hunting
Answer : A
149. What does overexploitation lead to?
a) Biodiversity loss
b) Increased species
c) Habitat creation
d) Forest expansion
Answer : A
150. Which species are considered endangered?
a) At risk of extinction
b) Common
c) Domesticated
d) Newly founds
Answer : A