FLORES, FRANKLIN JAMES DC.
BSN - 2H
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 1
1. Case Analysis: Identify which problems are health deficit, health threat or foreseeable crisis
The Dela Cruz family lives in a semi-permanent house in a coastal barangay. The household
includes:
● Father (Rogelio, 45 years old) - Fisherman, smokes daily, complains of frequent
coughing and chest tightness but has not sought medical consultation.
● Mother (Marites, 42 years old) - Full-time housewife, recently diagnosed with
hypertension, currently not taking any maintenance medications due to financial reasons.
● Daughter (Liza, 16 years old) - A Grade 10 student who helps care for her younger
siblings. She has missed school several times to help at home.
● Son (Jomar, 2 years old) - Not fully immunized and often experiences colds and coughs.
● Infant (Baby Mico, 3 months old) - Breastfed, but the mother plans to stop due to
perceived low milk supply and plans to shift to diluted evaporated milk.
They fetch water from a communal deep well, and the family has no toilet-using open defecation
in nearby fields. The family earns below minimum wage and is not enrolled in PhilHealth.
Health Deficit Health Threat Foreseeable Crisis
● Father: Frequency of ● Father: smokes daily, ● Daughter: she missed
coughing and chest can have a risk for school several times
tightness. respiratory related due to taking care of
● Mother: diagnosed diseases such as her younger siblings.
with hypertension. emphysema ● Financially issues
● Son: often experiences ● Father: has not sought
cough and colds. medical consultation,
risk for increased
severity of
complications.
● Son: not fully
immunized, risk for
contracting
communicable
diseases such as
rubella, mumps, TB,
and etc.
● Mother: not taking
hypertension
medication, risk for
contacting cardiac
diseases if
hypertension is
constant.
● Infant: breastfed but
stopped due to low
milk supply, and
shifting to diluted
evaporated milk, risk
for stunted growth,
and malnutrition.
2. Mang Khufra, 42 years old, has been coughing for 3 weeks now and has hemoptysis. He has
medical history of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. His wife, Aling Masha, recognizes the need for him
to undergo sputum microscopy. She verbalized, "Ganyan din ang sintomas na ipinakita niya
noong sinabi ng doctor na may TB siya. Natatakot kami na baka maulit yun. Balak namin na
ipatingin sa center sa susunod na linggo." Determine the score for Mang Khufra's
Criteria Score Weight Mang khufra’s
score
I. Nature (assessed by PHW)
● Health Deficit (HD) 3 1 1
● Health Threat (HT) 2
● Foreseeable Crisis (FC) 1
II. Modifiability
● Easily 2 2 2
● Intermediate (Moderate) 1
● Not modifiable (FC) 0
III. Preventive Potential
● Highly 3 1 1
● Moderate 2
● Low 1
IV. Salience Problem
● Needing Urgent Attention 2 1 1
● Problem Needing Not Urgent 1
● Attention Not a Felt Problem 0
Total score: 5/5
Support your answers with brief explanations.
Mr. Khufra’s case obtained a perfect score in all criteria, showing that his health problem is a
top priority and highly manageable. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a curable disease, and effective
treatment is readily available through the National TB Program and DOTS strategy, making
the condition highly modifiable. Addressing his illness also carries strong preventive potential
since it can stop further complications such as massive hemoptysis or respiratory failure and
prevent transmission to his family and community. Furthermore, Mr. Khufra himself and his
wife recognize the need to seek medical consultation, which indicates salience and increases
the likelihood of compliance once guided. Taken together, these factors explain why he has a
high chance to recover from the risk and complications of pulmonary tuberculosis if timely
intervention is provided.
2. Maris, 4 years old, weighing 12.5kgs, looks pale, and is noticeably underweight, as manifested
by the evident bony prominences. Aling Masha verbalized "Naku, mahina lang kumain ang
batang Palibhasa nauubos ang oras sa paglalaro. Tsaka naisip ko nasal ahi naming ang hindi
tabain kaya siguro payat din si Martis. "The nurse observed that Aling Masha gave the child a
small pack of fish crackers for the morning snack. Aling Masha is the home maker while Martis
earns a net income of Php 250/day as a tricycle driver.
Criteria Score Weight Martis’s score
I. Nature (assessed by PHW)
● Health Deficit (HD) 3 1 1
● Health Threat (HT) 2
● Foreseeable Crisis (FC) 1
II. Modifiability
● Easily 2 2 2
● Intermediate (Moderate) 1
● Not modifiable (FC) 0
III. Preventive Potential
● Highly 3 1 0.67
● Moderate 2
● Low 1
IV. Salience Problem
● Needing Urgent Attention 2 1 0
● Problem Needing Not Urgent 1
● Attention Not a Felt Problem 0
Total score: 3.67/5
Support your answers with brief explanations.
Maria’s case of malnutrition obtained an overall score of 3.67/5, showing that it is a
moderately high-priority problem that still requires nursing intervention. Malnutrition is an
existing health deficit that significantly affects a child’s growth, immunity, and overall
development. It is fairly modifiable through nutritional counseling, supplementation,
deworming, and proper feeding practices, although improvement requires long-term family
cooperation and may not fully reverse complications such as stunting. Its preventive potential
is considerable, as addressing the condition early can stop further deterioration and reduce the
risk of frequent infections. However, the salience is slightly lower since families may
sometimes perceive underweight children as normal or less urgent than more obvious illnesses.
4. Video Analysis: [Link] Mata ni Ekang [Link]
Identify the possible family health nursing problems in terms of Health Deficit, Health Threat
and Foreseeable Crisis.
How does poverty influence the health outcomes of the individuals featured in the documentary?
Health Deficit Health Threat Foreseeable Crisis
● Malnutrition and ● Poor sanitation and ● Risk of dropping out
underweight among unsafe living of school due to
children due to lack of environment. financial constraints,
nutritious food. ● Lack of access to which may affect
● Presence of recurrent clean water and long-term health and
illnesses (e.g., cough, balanced meals. opportunities.
fever, skin infections) ● Incomplete ● Pregnancy and
from poor hygiene immunization due to childbearing in a poor
and inadequate poverty and limited family setting, adding
medical care. access to health financial and
● Physical weakness facilities. emotional stress.
and delayed growth ● Children entering
and development. school, creating
pressure on parents to
provide for education
despite limited
resources.
● Adolescence, where
peer influence and
limited family
guidance due to
poverty may lead to
risky behaviors.
What role can nurses play in addressing the social determinants of health, such as poverty, that
affect patient outcomes?
Poverty greatly influences health outcomes, as seen in the documentary, by limiting access to
nutritious food, safe housing, clean water, education, and medical care. Families living in
poverty often delay or forego medical consultation, resulting in worsening illnesses,
malnutrition, and delayed growth and development among children. This cycle of poor health
and limited opportunities reinforces each other, making it difficult to break free from
disadvantage. Nurses can play a vital role in addressing these social determinants of health by
providing health education on affordable and practical practices, advocating for families’
access to government programs such as feeding initiatives and health insurance, organizing
community resources to improve sanitation and healthcare access, and empowering families to
make informed health decisions. By tackling poverty as a root cause of poor health, nurses can
help improve both immediate well-being and long-term outcomes for vulnerable individuals
and communities.
Reflecting on the documentary, how has your understanding of the role of nurses in addressing
health disparities and social determinants of health evolved? How do the experiences depicted in
"Sa Mata ni Ekang" influence your personal values and approach to nursing practice?
Reflecting on the documentary “Sa Mata ni Ekang” deepened my understanding of the nurse’s
role beyond bedside care. I realized that addressing health disparities requires looking at the
broader social determinants of health, such as poverty, education, sanitation, and access to
resources. The experiences depicted in Ekang’s story showed me that illness is not only a
medical issue but also a product of inequality and unmet social needs. This influenced my
personal values as a future nurse by strengthening my commitment to empathy, advocacy, and
community-centered care. It reminded me that my role is not only to treat disease but also to
help empower families, link them to resources, and advocate for systemic change that
promotes equity. In my nursing practice, I will strive to see patients not just as individuals with
health problems, but as people whose well-being is shaped by their environment, family, and
socioeconomic conditions.