INDEFINITE INTEGRALS

n+1 4. What is ∫ e x ln( a) dx equal to?

ax ex
1 +C +C
(d) − n−1
+c (a) (b)
dx ( n − 1) (1 + ln x ) ln( a ) ln( a )
1. What is ∫ equal to? ex ae x
2x − 2x + 1
2
_ (d) Suppose, (c) +C (d) +C
ln( ae ) ln( a )
dx
tan−1(2 x − 1) I= ∫ x (1 + ln x )n (where n ≠ 1)
+c
(a)
_ (a) Let I = ∫ e
x ln a
dx
2
−1
(b) 2 tan (2 x − 1) + c Let 1 + ln x = t x
= ∫ elna dx
tan−1 (2 x + 1)
(c) +c Diff. w.r.t. x, we get
2 1 dt ax
= ∫a dx = +C
x
−1
(d) tan (2 x − 1) + c 0+ =
x dx ln a
dx
_ (d) Let I = ∫ 2 ⇒
dx
= dt
2x − 2x + 1 x
1
= ∫
dx dt t −n + 1 2018 (II)
∴ I=∫ n = +c
2 x2 − x + 1 t −n+1
2 1
5. What is ∫ sin3 x cos x dx
1 dx =− +c
= ∫ ( n − 1) t n −1 equal to?
2 x2 − x + 1 − 1 + 1
1 (a) cos 4 x + C
4 4 2 =− +c
1 dx ( n − 1) (1 + log x )n − 1 (b) sin4 x + C
= ∫ (1 − sin2 x )2
2  1
2
1 (c) +C
x −  + 4
 2
1 dx
4
2019 (I) (d)
(1 − cos x )
2 2
+C
= ∫ 2 2
4
2  1  1
x −  +  

3. What is ∫ ln( x2 )dx equal to? _ (d) We have,
2 2
∫ sin
3
x cos x dx
 1  (a) 2 x ln( x ) − 2 x + C sin x = t
  x − 2  
Let,
1 2
= .2 tan−1  +c (b) + C cos x dx = dt
1 x
2  
 2  (c) 2 x ln( x ) + C = ∫ t 3 dt
2 ln( x )
 dx 1 x (d) −2x + C t4
= tan−1  =
+C
Q ∫ 2
x
+ 2
a a 4
 a x
I = ∫ ln ( x 2 ) dx
−1
_ (a) Let 4
sin x
= tan (2 x − 1) + c = +C
= ∫ 2 ln x dx 4
dx = ln x ∫ 2 dx
2. What is ∫ equal to =
(sin2 x )2
+C
x(1 + ln x)n d 4
− ∫ (ln x ) ∫ (2 dx ) dx
(n ≠ 1)?  dx (1 − cos 2 x )2
= +C
1 1
(a) +c = ln x ⋅ 2 x − ∫ ⋅ 2 x dx 4
( n − 1) (1 + ln x )n − 1 x [Qwhere, C is the constant of
1− n = 2 x ln x − 2 x + C integratioins] [Q sin2 x + cos 2 x = 1]
(b) +c
(1 + ln x )1 − n
 dx
6. What is ∫ 2017 (II)
a2 sin2 x + b2 cos2 x 2017 (I)
equal to ?
8. What is ∫ tan−1(sec x + tan x)dx dx
(a)
1  a tan x 
tan− 1  +C
10. What is ∫ equal to?
ab  b  equal to? x( x7 + 1)
1  a tan x  πx
(b) tan− 1  +C +
x2
+C 1 x 7 − 1 1 x 7 + 1
ab  b  (a) (a) ln 7  + C (b) ln 7  + C
4 4 2 x + 1 7  x 
1  b tan x  πx 2
(c) tan− 1  +C (b) +
x
+C 1 x 7 − 1 1  x7 
ab  b  2 4 (c) ln  + C (d) ln 7 + C
(d) None of the above πx πx 2 2  7x  7 x + 1
(c) + +C
_ (a) We have, 4 4 dx x 6dx
dx πx x 2 _ (d) Let, I = ∫ x (x 7 + 1) = ∫ x 7(x 7 + 1)
∫ a 2 sin2 x + b 2 cos 2 x
(d)
4
−
4
+C

−1
On putting x 7 = t ⇒ 7 x 6dx = dt
Divide numerator and denominator by _ (a) Let, I = ∫ tan (sec + tan x )dx ⇒ x 6 dx = dt / 7
cos 2 x
1−1  sin x  1 dt 1  1 1  
I=∫ 2
sec 2 x dx = ∫ tan
 +
 cos x cos x 
 dx = ∫
7 t (t + 1) 7  ∫  t t + 1 
=  −  dt
a tan2 x + b 2
 1 + sin x  1
Let a tan x = t = ∫ tan−1   dx = [lnt − ln(t + 1)] + C
 cos x  7
a sec 2 x dx = dt
dt  π  1  t 
sec 2 x dx =  1 + cos  − x   = ln   +C
2
−1   7  t + 1
a = ∫ tan dx
1
I= ∫ 2
dt  π  
 sin − x   1  x7 
a t + b2   = ln   +C
7  x 7 + 1
2
1 1 t    π x 
= × tan− 1   + C 2 cos 2  − 
 
a b  b −1   4 2 ( x e − 1 + e x − 1) dx
= ∫ tan  dx 11. What is ∫ equal
[Qwhere, C is the constant of   π x  π x xe + e x
 2 sin  −  cos  − 
integration]   4 2  4 2  
 1 1 −1 x  to?
 ∫ 2 dx = tan + C −1   π x 
= ∫ tan  cot  −   dx
Q
+ 2
a a x2
 x a    4 2  (a) +C (b) ln( x + e ) + C
1  a tan x  2
= tan− 1  + π  π x
tan  −  −   dx
 C −1 1
ab  b  = ∫ tan  2  4 2 
(c) ln( x e + e x ) + C (d) ln( x e + e x ) + C
e
 π x xe − 1 + e x − 1
= ∫ tan−1 tan  +  dx _ (d) ∫ dx
 4 2 xe + e x
2018 (I) π x let xe + e x = t
= ∫  4 + 2  dx ⇒ (ex e − 1 + e x )dx = dt
dx
7. What is ∫ equal to ? πx x 2 ⇒ e( x e − 1 + e x − 1 )dx = dt
2 −1x = + +C
dt
4 4 ⇒ ( x e − 1 + e x − 1 )dx =
ln (1 − 2 − x ) e
∫ ( ln x) dx − ∫ ( ln x)−2 dx is equal
(a) ln (2 x − 1) + C (b) +C −1
9. dt / e 1
ln 2 Now, ∫ = ln( t ) + C
to t e
ln (2 − x − 1) ln (1 + 2 − x )
(c) + C (d) +C 1
2 ln 2 ln 2 (a) x (ln x )−1 + C = ln( x e + e x ) + C
−x
(b) x (ln x )−2 + C e
dx 2 x (ln x ) + C
_ (b) Let I = ∫ 2x −1
= ∫ 1 − 2 −x dx (c)
(d) x (ln x )2 + C 12. Let f ( x) be an indefinite
1 2 − x l n2
−1 −2
_ (a) Let, I = ∫ (ln x ) dx − ∫ (ln x ) dx integral of sin2 x.
=
l n2 ∫ 1 − 2 −x dx
1 1 Consider the following
= ∫1 dx − ∫ dx
On putting 1 − 2 −x = t ln x (ln x )2 statements
−x
⇒ 2 ln2 dx = dt 1  −1  1 1 Statement 1 The function f ( x)
ln x ∫  ln x 2  x
=x⋅ − x⋅  ⋅ dx − ∫ dx
1 dt (ln x )2 satisfies f ( x + π) = f ( x) for real x.
ln2 ∫ t
∴ I=
x 1 1 Statement 2 sin2 ( x + π) = sin2 x
ln x ∫ (ln x )2
= + dx − ∫ dx
=
1
. l nt + C ln x 2
for all real x.
l n2 x
= +c Which one of the following is
l n (1 − 2 − x ) ln x
= +C correct in respect of the above
l n2 = x (ln x )−1 + C
statements?
 (a) Both the statements are true and 1 t 1/ 2 16. What is r equal to?
= + C = t 1/ 2 + C
Statement 2 is the correct 2 1/2
explanation of Statement 1 (a) a 2 + b 2 (b) a2 + b 2
1/ 2
 1 (c) a + b a2 − b 2
(b) Both the statements are true but = x2 + 1 + 2 +C (d)
Statement 2 is not the correct  x 
explanation of Statement 1 1
17. What is α equal to?
= x2 + + 1+ C  a  b
(c) Statement 1 is true but Statement 2 x2 (a) tan−1   (b) tan−1  
 b  a
is false
(d) Statement 1 is false but Statement x cos3 x − sin x −1  a + b  −1  a − b 
14. What is ∫ esin x dx (c) tan   (d) tan  
2 is true  a − b  a + b
cos2 x
_ (d) From question equal to? _ Solutions ([Link]. 16 and 17)
1 − cos 2 x (a) ( x + sec x ) esin x + C dx
f( x ) = ∫ sin2x dx = ∫ 2 dx
(b) ( x − sec x ) esin x + C
Let I = ∫ a cos x + b sin x
1 sin2 x (c) ( x + tan x ) esin x + C
= x − +C put a = r sin α and b = r cos α
2 4 (d)( x − tan x ) esin x + C
1 dx
1 sin x x cos x − sin x
3 ∴ I= ∫
Here, f( x + π ) = ( x + π ) _ (b) Let I = ∫ e dx r sinα cos x + cos α sin x
2 cos 2 x
1 dx
sin2( x + π ) = ∫e sin x
[x cos x − sec x ⋅ tan x ]dx = ∫
− +C r sin( x + α )
4
= ∫ [xesin x ⋅ cos x − esin x ⋅ sec x ⋅ tan x ] dx 1
= ∫ cosec ( x + α ) dx
1 sin2 x
= (x + π ) + +C r
2 4 = ∫ [xesin x ⋅ cos x + esin x 1
− esin x sec x ⋅ tan x = ln [cosec ( x + α ) − cot ( x + α )] + C
Here, f( x + π ) ≠ f( x ) r
∴Statement 1 is false. − sec x ⋅ esin x ⋅ cos x ] dx cos ( x + α )
1  1
= ∫ ( xesin x ⋅ cos x + esin x ) dx = ln  − +C
We know sin2( x + π ) = sin2 x is true for r  sin( x + α ) sin ( x + α ) 
all real x. − ∫ [esin x sec x ⋅ tan x + sec x ⋅ esin x cos x ] dx
1  1 − cos ( x + α )
∴Statement 2 is true. = ∫ d ( xesin x ) − ∫ d (sec x ⋅ esin x ) = ln +C
r  sin( x + α ) 
= xesin x − sec x esin x + C
  x + α 
2016 (II) = esin x ( x − sec x ) + C
1 
2 sin2 
 2 
 
= ln  +C
r   x + α  x + α 

13. What is ∫
x4 − 1
dx
2015 (II) 
2 sin 
 2 
 cos  
 2  

x 2
x + x +1
4 2
dx 1   x + α
=  tan  2   + C ,
equal to? 15. ∫ 1 + e− x is equal to r
ln
 
 a
x4 + x2 + 1 (a) 1 + e x + C (b) ln (1 + e − x ) + C where, r = a 2 + b 2 and α = tan−1  
(a) +C  b
x (c) ln (1 + e ) + C (d) 2 ln (1 + e − x ) + C
x

1 where, C is the constant of integration. Hence, 16. (b) and 17. (a)
(b) x 4 + 2 − 2 + C
dx
x
_ (c) Let I = ∫
dx
=∫
dx
18. What is ∫ equal to?
1
(c) x 2 + 2 + 1 + C 1 + e −x 1+ x
1
x + a2
2
x e
x4 − x2 + 1 e x dx x + x 2 + a 2
(d) +C =∫ (a) ln + C
x 1 + ex 
a

x4 − 1 Put t = 1 + e x x − x 2 + a 2
_ (c) Let I = ∫ dx
⇒ dt = e x dx (b) ln + C
x2 x4 + x2 + 1 dt 
a

1 Now, I = ∫ = ln(t ) + C
x − 3 t x 2 + x 2 + a 2
=∫ x dx ⇒ I = ln (1 + e x ) + C
(c) ln + C
a
x4 + x2 + 1  
x2 (d) None of the above

x − 3
1 2015 (I) where, C is the constant of integration.
dx
_ (d ) Let I = ∫ 2
= ∫ 1
xdx
Directions (Q. Nos. 16 and 17) Read x + a2
x2 + 1 + 2
1 x the following information cerefully = ln| x + x 2 + a2 | + C
Again, let x 2 + 1 + 2 = t and answer these questions given
x Where, C is the constant of integration.
below.
 2  xe x dx
⇒ 

2 x −
x3
 dx = dt
The integral 19. What is ∫ equal to?
dx ( x + 1)2
⇒
 1
2  x − 3  dx = dt
 x 
∫ a cos x + b sin x
is of the form
(a) ( x + 1)2e x + C (b) ( x + 1)e x + C
x
dt / 2 1 − 1/ 2 e ex
∴ I=∫ = ∫t dt 1   x + α (c) +C (d) +C
2 lntan  . x +1 ( x + 1)2
 2  
t
r 
 xe x tan3 x Directions (Q. Nos. 22 and 23) Read
_ (c) Let I = ∫ (x + 1)2 dx ∴ f ′ ( x ) = tan x +
3
+ 4x + C
the following information carefully
 ( x + 1) − 1 where, C = C1 + C 2 and answer the questions given below.
= ∫ e x   dx
2  f ′ ( 0) = 0 ⇒ C = 0
Consider ∫ x tan −1 x dx = A( x 2 + 1)
Q
 ( x + 1) 
tan3 x
 1  −1   Thus, f ′ ( x ) = tan x + + 4x tan −1 x + Bx + C, where C is the
= ∫ e x  +    dx
2
3
 x + 1  ( x + 1)   constant of integration.
21. What is f ( x) equal to?
 1 
= ex   +C 2 ln sec x tan 2 x 22. What is the value of A?
 x + 1 (a) + + 2x 2
3 6 1
(a) 1 (b)
Where, C is the constant of integration. 3 In sec x cot 2 x 2
(b) + + 2x 2
[Q ∫ e x [f( x ) + f ′ ( x )] dx = e x f( x ) + C ] 2 6 (c) −
1
(d)
1
4 In sec x sec 2 x 2 4
(c) + + 2x 2
3 6
2014 (II) (d) ln sec x +
tan4 x
+ 2x 2
23. What is the value of B?
1
12 (a) 1 (b)
2
Directions (Q. Nos. 20 and 21) Read _ (a) Clearly, f( x ) = ∫ f ′ ( x ) dx + C 3 1 1
(c) − (d)
the following information carefully 2 4
 tan3 x 
and answer the questions given = ∫  tan x +
 3
+ 4x  dx + C 3
 _ Solutions (Q. Nos. 22 and 23)
below.
Given, ∫ x tan−1 x dx = A ( x 2 + 1)tan−1 x
1
Consider the function = ∫ tan x dx + ∫ tan
3
x dx + 4 + Bx + C
f ′ ′ ( x ) = sec 4 x + 4 with f (0) = 0 3
where, C is the constant of integration.
and f ′ (0) = 0. 1
∫ x dx + C 3 Consider, ∫ x tan−1 x dx
= ∫ tan x dx + ∫ tan x (sec x − 1) dx
2
3 x2 d x2
20. What is f ′ ( x) equal to? x2 = tan−1 x ⋅ −∫ (tan−1 x ) ⋅ dx
3
+ 4⋅ + C3 2 dx 2
tan x 2
(a) tan x − + 4x [using integration by parts]
2 1
3∫ ∫ tan x ⋅ sec
3 = tan x dx + 2
x dx x 2 ⋅ tan−1 x 1 x2
3
tan x 3 = − ∫ dx
(b) tan x + + 4x 2 2 1 + x2
3 + 2x 2 + C3
x 2 tan−1 x 1   1 + x 2 − 1 
3
sec x 2 1
(c) tan x + + 4x = ln (sec x ) + I2 + 2 x + C 32
= −  ∫   dx 
3 3 3 2 2   1 + x 2  
3
(d) − tan x −
tan x
+ 4x Consider, I2 = ∫ tan x sec 2 x dx
x 2 tan−1 x 1 dx 
3 Put tan x = t ⇒ sec 2 x dx = dt = −  ∫ dx − ∫ 
2 2  1 + x2
_ (b) Clearly, f ′( x ) = ∫ f ′ ′ ( x ) dx + C1
⇒ I2 = ∫ t dt =
t2
+ C4 =
tan2 x
+ C4
x 2 tan−1 x 1
= ∫ (sec x + 4) dx + C1
4 2 2 = − ( x − tan−1 x ) + C
2 1 2 2
= ∫ sec 2 x sec 2 x dx + ∴ f( x ) = ln (sec x ) +
∫ 4 dx + C1 3 6
=
x 2 tan−1 x x
− +
tan−1 x
+C
= ∫ (1 + tan2 x ) sec 2 x dx + 4x + C1 tan2 x + 2 x 2 + C 5 2 2 2
= I1 + 4x + C1 C  1 2 x
where, C5 = C3 +  4  = ( x + 1) tan−1 x − + C
Put tan x = t in the integral I1, then  3  2 2
sec 2x dx = dt f( 0) = 0 1
Q 22. (b) Clearly, A =
t3
∴ I1 = ∫ (1 + t 2 ) dt = t + + C2 ∴
2
0 = ln (1) + 0 + 0 + C 5
2
3 3 1
3 23. (c) Clearly, B = −
tan x ⇒ C5 = 0 2
= tan x + + C2
3 2 1
∴ f( x ) = ln (sec x ) + tan2 x + 2 x 2
3 6