WHO IS THE DESIGNER?

Dr. Ranjan K. Behera, Associate Professor

Department of Electrical Engineering,
IIT Patna
 OUTLINE
• What is intelligent design (ID) ?
• Few examples
• Intelligent Design Confusion.
• Few great thinkers view.
• Some belief?
• What is the cause of all causes ?
 WHAT IS ID ?
• Intelligent Design (ID) theory postulates that
the weight of evidence suggests that life on
Earth cannot have had a random origin,
that is, an origin by chance alone. It must
have been intelligently designed.

• Current evolution theories, on the other

hand, propose that the universe was not
designed, but is rather the product of
undirected chance. Therefore, ID
proponents argue that the relevant degree
of complexity could not and does not
develop by chance.
INTELLIGENT DESIGN EXAMPLE
INTELLIGENT DESIGN EXAMPLE
 INTELLIGENT DESIGN CONFUSION
• Can science even consider the
possibility that the universe was
designed by an intelligent
creator? Or is the idea intrinsically
outside the definition of what
science can consider?
• Is there evidence for the universe
being designed by an intelligent
creator – evidence, that is, as
distinct from proof?
• Is it possible to prove that the
universe was designed by an
intelligent creator?
 Life and consciousness – The Vedāntic view

Objective Evolution of Bodies Subjective Evolution of Consciousness

 The illusion of
Evolution in
Scientific View of
Origin of Universe

1. Big Bang Theory

2 . A b i o g e n s is
3 . D a r w i n i an E v o l u t i on
 Role of Evolution in Vedic View of Organic Creation
oṁ pūrṇam adaḥ pūrṇam idaṁ pūrṇāt pūrṇam udacyate
pūrṇasya pūrṇam ādāya pūrṇam evāvaśiṣyate
Translation:

The Personality of Godhead is perfect and complete, and because He is completely perfect, all emanations from
Him, such as this phenomenal world, are perfectly equipped as complete wholes. Whatever is produced of the
Complete Whole is also complete in itself. Because He is the Complete Whole, even though so many complete
units emanate from Him, He remains the complete balance.

The ‘Organic Whole’ produces ‘organic wholes’. An ‘organic whole’ cannot

arise from parts that have to be assembled. That process can only produce
inorganic, mechanical or chemical processes, not living organisms.
 Social Impact of
Theory of Evolution
in Science–Darwin’s
Theory of Evolution
(Objective Evolution
of Bodies)
• Reincarnation is also kno wn as ‘t ransmigra tion of
the soul’ or Metempsychosis in Greek
• Theory of reinca rnation explained in Bhagavad-
Gita s tates that the living being or the soul
moves through all the diff erent species of lif e
f ollowing the ‘Laws of Karma’
 Social Impact of
Theory of Evolution
in Science–Darwin’s
Theory of Evolution
(Objective Evolution
of Bodies)
Bg. 8.5
अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन्मुक्त्वा कलेवरम ् ।
य: प्रयातत स मद्भावं यातत नास््यत्र संशय: ॥ ५ ॥
Translation
And whoever, at the end of his life, quits his
body remembering Me alone at once attains My
nature. Of this there is no doubt.
• By ad vancement t he soul can obtain the
human f orm, and by degradation it can
also go back to other f orms of lif e
• Example Bharat Maharaj son of King
Rushavdev
 Modern Civilization
Tends to be About
Mechanical Machines,
Not Persons

Science excludes from the

scientific domain not only the
human mind (formal cause) and
meaning (final cause), but also all
manifestations of intelligence in
non-human living entities
 Puzzle for
Reductionistic
Ideology

1. What is the minimum number

of parts that are essential for
a living organism to survive?

2. By what mechanism do these

parts get assembled together?
Darwinism Squeezes
Living Organisms
into the
Mechanistic
Clockwork Image
of the World
Tree of Life (TOL) is replaced by
Genetic ‘Forest of Life’

Genetic ‘Forest of Life’

Tree of Life (TOL)
 Kuhn (2012) in his article
‘Dissecting Darwinism’
“several of the textbooks continued to
incorrectly promote the debunked Miller-Urey
origin of life experiment, the long-
discredited claims about nonfunctional
appendix and tonsils, and the fraudulent
embryo drawings from Ernst Haeckel. In
essence, current biology students,
aspiring medical students, and future
scientists are not being taught the whole
story. Rather, evidence suggests that they
continue to receive incorrect and
incomplete material that exaggerates the
effect of random mutation and natural
selection to account for DNA, the cell, or
the transition from species to species.”
 Nature Vs. Nurture
Which Fastidious Features of Behaviour are an outcome of either
Inherited (by genes and other biological factors) or Acquired (by
learning) Characteristics!

Nature Nurture
Our Genetics determine our Our environment, upbringing, and
behavior. Our Personality traits and life experiences determine our
abilities are in our “nature”. behavior. We are “nurtured” to
behave in certain ways.
The False Elephant and the False Ego
 Specific Space and
Time are Very
Important for Different
Reactions that We
Observe in the Bodies
of Different Living
Entities

Diagrams showing the size of a

human conceptus from fertilization
to the early fetal stage
 Can the
Impersonalist
Informatic
Approach help
us Understand
Life?

“DNA + 0 —> 0, makes the point

that DNA cannot do anything
or direct anything by itself; it
must interact with other cell
molecules. So all genome
action is subject to the inputs
and information-processing
networks we know to operate in
living cells.”

James A. Shapiro
 The Difference
Between Biology and
Abiology

“ As s c ientists a t tempt t o u nderstand a l i v i ng

s y stem, t hey mov e down f r om di mension t o
di mension, f r om one l ev el of c omplexity t o
t he next l ower l ev el . I f ol l owed t his c ou rse i n
my own s t udies. I went f r om a natomy t o t he
s t udy of t i ssues, t hen t o el ectron mi croscopy
a nd c hemistry, a nd f i nal ly t o qu antum
mechanics. Thi s downward j ou rney t hrough
t he s cale of di mensions has i t s i r ony, f or i n my
s earch f or t he s ecret of l i f e, I ended u p wi t h
a t oms a nd el ec trons, whi ch ha v e no l i f e a t a l l .
Somewhere a l ong t he l i ne l i f e has r u n ou t
t hrough my f i ngers. So, i n my ol d age, I am
now r et raci ng my s t eps, t r y ing t o f i ght my
wa y back.”

Noble prize winner, Szent-Györgyi

What collectively linked the components
in the first living cell?
 “Life comes from Life ” and
“Matter comes from Life ”

Humility & Science

In 1784 Kant wrote, “There will never be a
Newton for the blade of grass.”
Material, Self and Krishna
Consciousness
 Each Form of Life
Represents a
Different Stage of
Consciousness
Development

1. From an amoeba to a human being,

all the different verities of forms are
representation of different stages of
conditioned consciousness
2. Bhagavad-Gita explains that the
Jiva Soul keeps on wandering in
different grades of conditioned
states of consciousness by
obtaining the body suitable to that
consciousness until it attains the
pure consciousness
GREAT THINKERS VIEW

Bishop William Paley (1743-1805)

Natural Theology 1805
Argument from Design
Paley’s Design Argument
Paley’s Design Argument

• Chance?
or
Intelligent Design?
 William Paley

. . . when we come to inspect the watch, we perceive. . . that

its several parts are framed and put together for a purpose,
e.g. that they are so formed and adjusted as to produce
motion, and that motion so regulated as to point out the hour
of the day; . . . The inference we think is inevitable, that the
watch must have had a maker.
Paley’s Design Argument

• Human camera-lens eye

• Chance?
or
Intelligent Design?
 FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW

Why the Evidence of

Evolution Reveals a
Universe without a
designer
FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW
Richard Dawkins British evolutionary biologist
FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW
• Neither chance nor intelligent design

• Paley’s argument a false dichotomy

• 3rd option: Natural selection for

improved function originating by
blind mechanical forces

• Natural selection is ‘blind’ (no

forethought or plan) but not a
‘chance’ mechanism

Darwin, The Origin of Species 1859

 FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW
“I am an empiricist. On religion, I
lean toward deism but consider
its proof largely a problem in
astrophysics. The existence of
a cosmological God who
created the universe … is
possible, and may eventually be
settled, perhaps by forms of
material evidence not yet
imagined”
E.O. Wilson, 1998, p. 263
FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW
Phillip Johnson, lawyer, scientific creationist
FEW GREAT THINKERS VIEW
 HOW BY CHANCE ?

• A system is irreducibly complex if it is

“composed of several well-matched,
interacting parts that contribute to a
basic function, wherein the removal of
any of the parts causes the system to
effectively cease functioning.” (Behe, 39)

Irreducible Complexity
• A feature is “irreducibly
complex” when:
• It consists of a number
of parts…
• …none of which can be
removed without
destroying the function
of the feature.
• A common example is
the mousetrap.

Irreducible Complexity
 HOW BY CHANCE ?
Behe finds many such
in living things.
His examples are:
• The rotary flagellium
of the E coli
bacterium
• Blood clotting
• Intra-cell transport
• The immune system
• Vision
Irreducible Complexity
 PURPOSE

A striking example of
“irreducible complexity”
that spans the universe
from large to small is
described in the book by
microbiologist Michael
Denton,
Nature’s Destiny (1998).
 PURPOSE

Science writer Fred

Heeren has put together a
fascinating popular-level
book subtitled “What the
Message from Space is
Telling Us About God”
(1995).
PURPOSE
 HAVE YOU SEEN A COMPLICATED MACHINE
WHICH CAME BY CHANCE
AND HAS NO PURPOSE ?

ANY MACHINE, COMPUTER, BUILDING, EVEN A PEN AND PENCIL

HAD A MAKER OR DESIGNER. LOGICALLY THE FAR MORE COMPLEX
AND AWESOME UNIVERSE MUST HAVE A SUPERINTELLIGENT
DESIGNER AND PRODUCER.
 Life and
consciousness

Objective Evolution of Bodies Subjective Evolution of Consciousness

 Social Impact of • Reincarnation is als o known as

Theory of ‘trans migrat ion of t he at omic sprit’ or

Metempsychosis in Greek
Reincarnation– • Theory of reinc arnation exp laine d in Gre at
Ancient Theory of Book of Knowle dge st ates t hat t he living

Evolution (Subjective being or t he s oul moves t hrou gh all t he

differe nt specie s of life f ollowing t he
Evolution of ‘activities’

Consciousness) • By adv anceme nt t he sp rit c an obt ain t he

human f orm, an d b y degrad ation it can als o
go back to other forms of life
 Modern Civilization
Tends to be About
Mechanical Machines,
Not Persons

Science excludes from the

scientific domain not only the
human mind (formal cause) and
meaning (final cause), but also all
manifestations of intelligence in
non-human living entities
 Puzzle for
Reductionistic
Ideology

1. What is the minimum number

of parts that are essential for a
living organism to survive?
2. By what mechanism do these
parts get assembled together?
Darwinism Squeezes
Living Organisms
into the
Mechanistic
Clockwork Image
of the World
Tree of Life (TOL) is replaced by
Genetic ‘Forest of Life’

Genetic ‘Forest of Life’

Tree of Life (TOL)
 SCIENTISTS WHO APPRECIATED THE
INCONCEIVABLE INTELLIGENCE
OF THE LORD

EINSTEIN:
“SUBTLER IS THE GOD”
LORD KELVIN:
“IF YOU THINK STRONGLY
ENOUGH,YOU WILL BE FORCED BY
SCIENCE TO BELIEVE IN GOD”
Source of outbreak
Huanan Seafood Market
 UNSOLVED FACTS
darśana-dhyāna-saṁsparśair
matsya-kūrma-vihaṅgamāḥ
svāny apatyāni puṣṇanti
tathāham api padma-ja
“By vision, by meditation and by touch only
do the fish, the tortoise and the birds
maintain their offspring. Similarly do I also,
O Padmaja!”
 Great Innovation
SOME FACTS
• The fish brings up its
offspring simply by looking at
them.
• Power of empowering
• Energy transfer
 Great Innovation
SOME FACTS
• The tortoise brings up its
offspring simply by meditation.
• The eggs of the tortoise are
laid on land, and the tortoise
meditates on the eggs while in
the water.
 SOME FACTS
• The birds maintain their offspring
by touch.
• Surcharging with energy sharing
Intelligent Designer: The Supreme
Personality of Godhead
“mattah parataram nanyat kincit asti dhananjaya
mayi sarvam idam protam sutre mani-gana iva”

“NO ONE IS SUPERIOR TO ME, O ARJUNA.

EVERYTHING RESTS UPON ME, AS PEARLS
ARE STRUNG ON A NECKLACE.”
 Conclusions
• There is a creator, who know everything,
what we need…..
• He is the cause of all causes
• He is supreme enjoyer
• He provides everything
• He is the best friend of every living being
• We need to reestablish our relationship
THANK YOU
ANY QUESTIONS