Scribd
Upload
4 views4 pages

Linear Algebra I: Matrices and Operations

This document is a tutorial sheet for a Linear Algebra course, containing exercises related to matrices, including writing matrices in rectangular form, solving matrix equations, simplifying expressions, and exploring properties of square matrices. It also includes tasks on anti-commuting and commuting matrices, skew-symmetric matrices, and the characteristics of symmetric matrices. The exercises are designed to enhance understanding of matrix operations and their theoretical implications.

Uploaded by

sgrovmurad02
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views4 pages

Linear Algebra I: Matrices and Operations

This document is a tutorial sheet for a Linear Algebra course, containing exercises related to matrices, including writing matrices in rectangular form, solving matrix equations, simplifying expressions, and exploring properties of square matrices. It also includes tasks on anti-commuting and commuting matrices, skew-symmetric matrices, and the characteristics of symmetric matrices. The exercises are designed to enhance understanding of matrix operations and their theoretical implications.

Uploaded by

sgrovmurad02
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Linear Algebra I Instructor: Ça§r DEMR, PhD

Tutorial Sheet 1 Tutor: Nihan BAYDAR YARBL and Sefa Anl SEZER

§ MATRICES

1. Write each matrix below in rectangular array form:

( ) i Aij = i2 + j 2 − 1; i = 1, 2, 3 and j = 1, 2

( ii ) Aij = i−j
i+j
; i = 1, 2 and j = 1

 i + j, if i ≥ j ;
(iii ) Aij = i = 1, 2, 3, 4 and j = 1, 2
 0, if i < j

 1, if i 6= j ;
(iv ) Aij = i = 1, 2, 3 and j = 1, 2
 0, if i = j

2. Find a if    
x+y y+z 1 a
 = .
z+t t+x 3 a

3. Given
     
2 1 −1 1 0 0 1 2 −2
A= , B =   and C =  
1 −1 3 1 −1 2 −1 1 0

over Z5 . Find all values of x and y such that xA + yB = C .


4. Given
 
1  
    1 2 −2
2 1 −1 ,  1  and  .
 
  −1 1 0
0

Find all possible triple products.

5. Simplify the following expressions as much as possible:

( ) i A[(2A − 5B) − 3A] + A(A − B),

( ii ) (A + B)2 − (A − B)2 ,

( iii ) (A + B)2 − A2 − 2AB − B 2 .

6. The following is a list of statements about square matrices. In each case, either show
that the statement is generally true or nd specic matrices for which the statement is
not true:

( ) i A2 = I ⇒ A = I or A = −I ,

( ii ) (A − B)(A + B) = A2 − B 2 ⇔ AB = BA,

( iii ) B = A2 − 5A + I ⇒ AB = BA,

( iv ) AB = 0 ⇒ BA = 0.

7.

( ) i Determine all matrices of the form


 
a 0
A= 
0 b

satisfying A2 − I = 0. What is the number of solutions of the equation x2 − 1 = 0


in 2 × 2 real matrices?

( ii ) Find all solutions of the equation x2 − 1 = 0 in 2 × 2 matrices over


( a ) Z2 b real numbers.
( )
8.

( ) i Amatrix, A,is said to anti-commute


 with B if AB = −BA. Show that A =
1 1 1 −1
  and B =  , anti-commute. Compute (A + B)2 − A2 − B 2 .
−2 −1 −4 −1

( ii ) A matrix, A, is said to commute with B if AB = BA. Determine all 2 × 2 matrices


which commute with
   
1 0 0 1
E11 =   and E12 =  .
0 0 0 0

9. What must be x, y and z if the matrix is skew-symmetric?


 
x+y−1 −1 1
 
y+z−2 −1 .
 
 1
 
−1 1 z+x−3

10.

( ) i Show that for any square matrix A the matrices A+AT , AAT and AT A are symmetric
and A − AT is skew-symmetric.

( ii ) Prove that every real or complex square matrix A can be written uniquely in the
form
A = S + K,

where S is a symmetric matrix and K is a skew-symmetric matrix. Apply this result


to  
5 −2 3
 
A= 1 0 .
 
5
 
0 1 −1

( iii ) Prove that the set of symmetric matrices is closed under addition and scalar mul-
tiplication and that it is not closed under matrix multiplication.
11.

( ) i Find the number of 2 × 3 echelon matrices over Z2 which have two leading entries.
How many of them are row-reduced?

( ii ) Determine all row-reduced echelon 2 × 2 matrices over Z3 .

( iii ) Show that the only real n × n matrix which is row-reduced echelon with n leading
entries is the identity matrix I .

You might also like