CHAPTERWISE QUESTION BANK
Multiple Choice Questions ( 1mark each)
1. The sub atomic particles like proton is different from electron. How?
(a) An electron is much heavier than a proton
(b) An electron carries more charge than a proton
(c) A proton is easily removed from an atom, but not an electron
(d) A proton is positively charged, whereas an electron is negatively charged.
2. An atom has 4 electrons and 4 protons and 4 neutrons. The atom is electrically neutral.
Which difference in the properties of protons and electrons affects the electrical neutrality of
the atom?
(a) Electron's are 2000 times lighter than protons.
(b) Electrons and protons have the same charge and mass.
(c) Electrons and protons have opposite charges of the same magnitude.
(d) Electrons are present in the outer side of the atom compared to the protons.
3. Thomson’s Model of an atom failed because?
i. It could not explain the screening of negative charges from that of positive
ii. It did not tell about the presence of electrons
iii. It did not give an idea about the discrete energy levels
iv. It explained the atom as a whole to be electrically neutral.
Choose the correct option from the following:
(a) Only (iii) (b) Both (i) & (iii) (c) Only (i) (d) Both (ii) & (iv)
4. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the structure of an atom?
i. The whole mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus
ii. The atom is an indivisible particle
iii. The atom as a whole is neutral
iv. All the atoms are stable in their basic state
Choose the right option among the following:
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) only (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) none of these
5. Which of the following is an incorrect statement in reference with observation in
Rutherford’s particle scattering
experiment?
(a) Some of the α-particles rebound after hitting the gold foil
(b) Some of the particles deflected from their path
(c) Some of the particles not pass through the gold foil
(d) Most of the particles pass straight through the gold foil
6. The electronic configuration of chlorine is
(a) 2,7 (b) 2,8,8,7 (c) 2,8,7 (d) 2,7,8
Assertion-Reason Based Questions:
(1 mark each)
(a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
7. Assertion: For noble gases, valency is zero.
Reason: Noble gases have 8 valence electrons.
8. Assertion: The mass of the total number of protons and neutrons is a measure of the
approximate mass of an atom.
Reason: The mass of an electron is negligible.
9. Assertion: Isotopes are electrically neutral.
Reason: Isotopes are species with same mass number but different atomic number.
10. Assertion: The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.
Reason: The electrons revolve around the nucleus of the atom
Very Short Answer Questions:
(2 marks each )
11. An element ‘X’ has mass number 4 and atomic number 2. Write the valency of this
element. Will it react with other atoms of different elements?
12. An element ‘A’ has valency +3, while another element ‘B’ has valency -2. Give the
formula of their compound formed when ‘A’ reacts with ‘B’.
13. The atomic number of calcium and argon are 20 and 18 respectively, but the mass
number of both these elements is 40. What is the name given to such a pair of elements?
14. Find out the valency of the atoms represented by the Figs. (a) and (b)
What is the valency of sodium atom?
Give reason:
Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)
16. Compare and contrast the atomic models proposed by J.J. Thomson and Ernest
Rutherford by identifying at least three key differences in terms of structure, experimental
basis, and explanation of atomic behaviour.
17. Calculate the valency of the following elements
(i) A (Atomic number 5)
(ii) B (Atomic number 12)
(iii) C (Atomic number 14)
18. Complete the table on the basis of information available in the symbols given below
19. Write the molecular formulae for the following compounds:
(a) Copper (II) bromide (b) Aluminium (III) nitrate (c) Calcium (II) phosphate
Hint: (a) CuBr2 (b) Al(NO3)2 (c) Ca3(PO4)2
Long Answer Questions (5 marks each )
20. (a) Calculate the number of neutrons present in the nucleus of an element X which is
represented as 31X15.
(b) An element ‘Z’ forms the following compound when it reacts with hydrogen,
chlorine, oxygen and phosphorous.ZH3, ZCl3, Z2O3 and ZP
(i) What is the valency of element ‘Z’?
(ii) Element ‘Z’ is metal or non-metal?
Hint: (a)Mass number = No. of protons + No. of neutrons
Hint: (b)(i) The valency of ‘Z’ is 3. (ii) Element ‘Z’ is a metal
21. (a) The given figure depicts the atomic structure of an atom of an element ‘X’.
Write the following information about the element ‘X’.
(i) Atomic number of ‘X’
(ii) Atomic mass of ‘X
(iii) Valency of ‘X’
(iv) ‘X’ should be metal or non-metal.
(b) Radhika could not solve the following question in the group; his group mate explained to
him and solved his difficulty. The question was as follows:
What information do you get from the given figure about the atomic number, mass number
and valency of the given atom X’.
(a) What is the answer for-the above question?
(b) Name the element X’.
(c) What value of Aryan’s friend is reflected in this behaviour?
Case study Based Questions (4 marks each)
22. Rutherford (1871-1937) was known as the ‘Father’ of nuclear physics. Ernest Rutherford
was interested in knowing how the electrons are arranged within an atom. Rutherford
designed an experiment for fast moving alpha (α)-particles were made to fall on a thin gold
foil. On the basis of
his experiment, Rutherford put forward the nuclear model of an atom, which had the
following features:
There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. Nearly all the mass of an
atom resides in the nucleus.
The electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular [Link] size of the nucleus is very
small as compared to the size of the atom.
Drawbacks of Rutherford’s model of the atom: The revolution of the electron in a circular
orbit is not expected to be stable. Any particle in a circular orbit would undergo acceleration.
During acceleration, charged particles would radiate energy. Thus, the revolving electron
would lose energy and finally fall into the nucleus. If this were so, the atom should be highly
unstable and hence matter would not exist in the form that we know. We know that atoms
are quite stable.
(1) Which of the following scientist was known as the ‘Father of nuclear physics?
(a) J.J. Thomson (b) John Dalton (c) E. Rutherford (d) Neil’s Bohr
(2) Positively charged centre in an atom is termed as
(a) Nucleus (b) Molecule
(c) Atom (d) Protons
(3) Identify the correct statement
Statement 1 – Positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus.
Statement 2 – The electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths.
Statement 3 – Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
Statement 4 – The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.
(a) Only 2 (b) Both 3 & 4
(c) Both 1 & 2 (d) All of the above
(4) Write the features of Rutherford’s nuclear model of an atom?
23. Niels Bohr got the Nobel Prize for his work on the structure of atoms in 1922.
In order to overcome the objections raised against Rutherford’s model of the atom, Neil’s
Bohr put forward the following postulates about the model of an atom:Only certain special
orbits known as discrete orbits of electrons, are allowed inside [Link] revolving in
discrete orbits the electrons do not radiate energy. These orbits or shells are called energy
levels. Energy levels in an atom are shown in Fig. A few energy levels in an atom These
orbits or shells are represented by the letters K,L,M,N,… or the numbers, n=1,2,3,4
(1) The orbits or shells are represented by
(a) Letters (b) Numbers
(c) Both a & b (d) Special symbols
(2) These orbits or shells are called
(a) Energy levels (b) Discrete orbit
(c) Atomic levels (d) None of the above
(3) Which of the following book is written by Professor Bohr’s
(a) The Theory of Spectra and Atomic Constitution
(b) Atomic Theory
(c) The Description of Nature
(d) All of the above
(4) Identify the correct statement
Statement 1 – The orbits or shells are represented by letters only.
Statement 2 – The orbits or shells are represented by numbers only.
Statement 3 – While revolving in discrete orbits the electrons do not radiate energy.
Statement 4 – Certain special orbits known as discrete orbits of electrons.
(a) Both 1 & 2
(b) both 3 & 4
(c) Only 3
(d) All of the above