ICSE – Class X
Civics Answer Scripts (2026 Pattern)
Note: All 2-mark answers are written in two clear points with explanation. All 3-mark answers are
written in three distinct points, each properly explained, exactly as expected in ICSE board evaluation.
ANSWER SCRIPT – SET 1
Section A: MCQs (1 Mark Each)
1. (c) 552
2. (c) Vice-President
3. (b) Lok Sabha
4. (b) 5 years
5. (c) President
6. (c) Supreme Court
7. (b) President
8. (c) 65 years
9. (b) Prime Minister
10. (c) Lok Sabha
11. (c) Majority party in Lok Sabha
12. (c) Council of Ministers
13. (c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
14. (c) Four
15. (b) 14 days
16. (c) Prime Minister
Section B: 2 Mark Answers (Fully Explained)
1. Union Legislature refers to the law-making body at the Union level. It consists of the President, the
Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha and makes laws for the entire country.
2. The two Houses of Parliament are:
(a) Lok Sabha, the Lower House directly elected by the people.
(b) Rajya Sabha, the Upper House representing the States.
3. Parliament has the power to frame laws on subjects mentioned in the Union List. It can also make
laws on Concurrent List subjects along with State Legislatures.
4. The Lok Sabha controls national finance. No tax can be imposed and no money can be spent without
its approval.
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5. The Rajya Sabha is indirectly elected to ensure representation of States. It also allows experienced
and knowledgeable persons to contribute to law-making.
6. A Money Bill deals only with matters of taxation, government expenditure and public revenue. It can
be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.
7. A joint sitting is held when there is a deadlock between the two Houses. This may happen if a bill is
rejected or not passed for six months.
8. A person must be at least 25 years old. He or she must also be a citizen of India.
9. Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to examine laws passed by Parliament. If a law
violates the Constitution, it can be declared unconstitutional.
10. Under original jurisdiction, the Supreme Court settles disputes between the Union and States. It also
settles disputes between two or more States.
11. Under appellate jurisdiction, the Supreme Court hears appeals from High Courts. These may be civil,
criminal or constitutional cases.
12. Independence of judiciary means judges work without interference. This ensures fair and impartial
justice.
13. The Supreme Court gives advisory opinions to the President. These opinions help in constitutional
interpretation.
14. The President is the nominal head of the Union Executive. All executive actions are taken in his
name.
15. The three categories of ministers are:
(a) Cabinet Ministers
(b) Ministers of State
(c) Deputy Ministers
16. The Prime Minister allocates portfolios among ministers. He can also reshuffle them when required.
17. The Prime Minister leads the government in Parliament. He explains policies and answers questions.
18. Collective responsibility means all ministers are jointly responsible to the Lok Sabha. If one minister
fails, the entire Council resigns.
19. The Cabinet formulates national policies. It takes all major decisions of the government.
20. The Prime Minister presides over Cabinet meetings. He controls the agenda and discussion.
21. The Prime Minister is the leader of the Lok Sabha. He guides the House in legislative matters.
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22. The Prime Minister coordinates the work of all ministries. This makes him the keystone of the
Cabinet.
23. When the Council of Ministers loses the confidence of the Lok Sabha, it must resign. This upholds
democratic accountability.
24. The Prime Minister recommends ministers to the President. The President appoints them
accordingly.
25. Parliament exercises administrative control through questions and debates. Ministers are held
accountable.
26. One-tenth of the total members of a House form the quorum. Without quorum, proceedings cannot
continue.
27. Original jurisdiction is exercised in Centre-State disputes. It ensures federal balance.
28. Judges enjoy security of tenure to ensure independence. They cannot be removed easily.
29. Cabinet Ministers head major departments. Ministers of State assist them or work independently.
30. A vote of no-confidence is moved against the government. If passed, the government must resign.
31. The Supreme Court protects Fundamental Rights. It can issue writs for their enforcement.
32. Judges of the Supreme Court are removed by Parliament through impeachment.
Section C: 3 Mark Answers (Fully Explained)
1. Composition of Lok Sabha:
(a) Members are directly elected by the people.
(b) Each member represents a territorial constituency.
(c) The Constitution fixes the maximum strength.
2. Legislative powers of Parliament:
(a) It makes laws on Union and Concurrent Lists.
(b) It amends the Constitution.
(c) It repeals or modifies existing laws.
3. Role of the Speaker:
(a) Presides over Lok Sabha sessions.
(b) Maintains order and discipline.
(c) Decides on disqualification under anti-defection law.
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4. Financial powers of Lok Sabha:
(a) Passes the Union Budget.
(b) Controls public expenditure.
(c) Can reject financial proposals.
5. Importance of Rajya Sabha:
(a) Represents States in Parliament.
(b) Ensures continuity as it is permanent.
(c) Checks hasty legislation.
6. Joint sitting of Parliament:
(a) Deadlock between Houses.
(b) Rejection of a bill.
(c) Delay of more than six months.
7. Supremacy of Lok Sabha:
(a) Controls national finance.
(b) Can remove the government.
(c) Is directly elected.
8. Features of a Money Bill:
(a) Deals only with finance.
(b) Introduced in Lok Sabha.
(c) Rajya Sabha can only delay it.
9. Original jurisdiction:
(a) Centre-State disputes.
(b) Inter-State disputes.
(c) Protects federal structure.
10. Appellate jurisdiction:
(a) Civil appeals.
(b) Criminal appeals.
(c) Constitutional appeals.
11. Advisory jurisdiction:
(a) President seeks advice.
(b) Deals with constitutional questions.
(c) Opinion is not binding.
12. Judicial independence:
(a) Security of tenure.
(b) Fixed salaries.
(c) Difficult removal procedure.
13. Composition of Supreme Court:
(a) Chief Justice of India.
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(b) Other judges appointed by President.
(c) Number decided by Parliament.
14. Powers of Chief Justice:
(a) Allocates cases.
(b) Forms benches.
(c) Administrative head of judiciary.
15. Union Executive:
(a) President.
(b) Prime Minister.
(c) Council of Ministers.
16. Powers of Prime Minister:
(a) Heads the Cabinet.
(b) Allocates portfolios.
(c) Coordinates ministries.
17. Functions of Council of Ministers:
(a) Formulates policies.
(b) Implements laws.
(c) Advises the President.
18. Prime Minister as real executive:
(a) Exercises actual power.
(b) Controls administration.
(c) Leads the nation.
19. PM–President relationship:
(a) PM advises President.
(b) Acts as link with Cabinet.
(c) Ensures smooth governance.
20. Collective responsibility:
(a) Unity in decisions.
(b) Accountability to Lok Sabha.
(c) Strengthens democracy.
21. Cabinet vs Ministers of State:
(a) Cabinet heads departments.
(b) Ministers assist Cabinet.
(c) Cabinet takes key decisions.
22. Parliamentary role of PM:
(a) Leads House.
(b) Answers questions.
(c) Advises dissolution.
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23. Executive powers of Parliament:
(a) Controls administration.
(b) Approves appointments.
(c) Discusses policies.
24. Importance of Supreme Court:
(a) Guardian of Constitution.
(b) Protector of rights.
(c) Maintains federal balance.
25. Control over Executive:
(a) Question Hour.
(b) Debates.
(c) No-confidence motion.
26. Powers of Cabinet:
(a) Policy making.
(b) Coordination.
(c) Advising President.
27. PM’s control over Cabinet:
(a) Appointment of ministers.
(b) Portfolio reshuffle.
(c) Chairing meetings.
28. Importance of Union Legislature:
(a) Law making.
(b) Representation.
(c) Financial control.
29. Functions of Rajya Sabha:
(a) Revises legislation.
(b) Represents States.
(c) Checks Lok Sabha.
30. Limitations on Supreme Court:
(a) Constitutional amendments.
(b) Parliamentary laws.
(c) Judicial restraint.
31. Role of PM in crisis:
(a) Leadership.
(b) Decision making.
(c) National coordination.
32. Cabinet as core body:
(a) Key decision-maker.
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(b) Small and efficient.
(c) Real authority of government.
ANSWER SCRIPT – SET 2
Section A: MCQs (1 Mark Each)
1. (a) Permanent House
2. (c) Members of Parliament
3. (c) President
4. (b) President
5. (b) 1950
6. (c) Five
7. (c) Parliament
8. (b) Constitution
9. (c) Lok Sabha
10. (c) Council of Ministers
11. (b) President
12. (c) Questions and debates
13. (c) 6 years
14. (b) Writs
15. (b) Prime Minister
16. (c) Lok Sabha
Section B: 2 Mark Answers (Fully Explained)
1. Parliament is the supreme law‑making body of the Union. It consists of the President, the Lok
Sabha and the Rajya Sabha and makes laws for the entire country.
2. The two types of bills are:
(a) Ordinary Bills, which deal with general matters.
(b) Money Bills, which deal only with financial matters like taxation and expenditure.
3. One power of the Rajya Sabha is that it represents the interests of the States. It also revises and
delays legislation passed by the Lok Sabha.
4. One special power of the Lok Sabha is control over national finance. Money Bills can be introduced
only in the Lok Sabha.
5. Adjournment of Parliament means suspension of the proceedings of a House for a short period. It
does not terminate a session.
6. One qualification for Rajya Sabha membership is that the person must be at least 30 years of age.
He or she must also be a citizen of India.
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7. Judicial activism refers to the active role played by the judiciary in protecting rights. Courts
intervene when laws or executive actions violate the Constitution.
8. One advisory role of the Supreme Court is to give legal advice to the President. This advice is sought
on important constitutional matters.
9. A Supreme Court judge can be removed on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity.
Removal requires a special majority of Parliament.
10. Appellate jurisdiction means the power of the Supreme Court to hear appeals. These appeals may
arise from High Courts in civil, criminal or constitutional cases.
11. The President is the head of the Union Executive. All executive actions are taken in his name.
12. One function of the Prime Minister is to lead the Council of Ministers. He coordinates and directs the
working of the government.
13. One category of minister is a Cabinet Minister. Cabinet Ministers head major departments and take
important policy decisions.
14. Individual responsibility means each minister is responsible for his own department. He must
answer to Parliament for acts of his ministry.
15. One function of the Council of Ministers is policy formulation. It decides the policies to be
implemented by the administration.
16. Portfolios are allocated to ministers by the Prime Minister. He may also change portfolios when
required.
17. One power of Parliament over the Executive is asking questions. Through Question Hour and
debates, ministers are held accountable.
18. An ordinance is a law issued by the President when Parliament is not in session. It has the same
force as an Act of Parliament.
19. The Lok Sabha is important because it represents the people directly. It reflects public opinion in
national governance.
20. One type of Supreme Court jurisdiction is original jurisdiction. It deals with Centre‑State and
inter‑State disputes.
21. One power of the Chief Justice of India is allocation of cases. He decides which judge will hear a
particular case.
22. Cabinet secrecy means discussions and decisions of the Cabinet are kept confidential. This ensures
unity and collective responsibility.
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23. One administrative role of the Prime Minister is coordination among ministries. He ensures efficient
functioning of the administration.
24. One financial function of Parliament is passing the Union Budget. No expenditure can be incurred
without parliamentary approval.
25. Zero Hour is the time after Question Hour when urgent matters are raised. It allows members to
draw attention to public issues.
26. The Rajya Sabha can initiate constitutional amendments. It participates equally with the Lok Sabha in
amendment procedures.
27. One safeguard of judicial independence is security of tenure. Judges cannot be removed easily.
28. When a no‑confidence motion is passed, the Council of Ministers must resign. This upholds
democratic accountability.
29. One collective function of the Cabinet is decision‑making. All major policies are decided collectively.
30. One power of the Prime Minister in Parliament is advising the President to dissolve the Lok Sabha.
This is done when governance becomes impossible.
31. Question Hour is the first hour of a parliamentary sitting. Members ask questions to ministers to
hold them accountable.
32. The Supreme Court interprets the Constitution. It clarifies the meaning of constitutional provisions.
Section C: 3 Mark Answers (Fully Explained)
1. Functions of Parliament:
(a) Makes laws on Union and Concurrent Lists.
(b) Controls national finance through the Budget.
(c) Exercises control over the Executive.
2. Composition of Rajya Sabha:
(a) Members are indirectly elected by State Legislatures.
(b) It represents States and Union Territories.
(c) It is a permanent House.
3. Powers of the Speaker:
(a) Presides over Lok Sabha sessions.
(b) Maintains discipline in the House.
(c) Decides on disqualification under anti‑defection law.
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4. Stages of a Bill:
(a) First reading: introduction of the bill.
(b) Second reading: detailed discussion.
(c) Third reading: final approval.
5. Financial powers of Parliament:
(a) Passes the Budget.
(b) Approves taxation.
(c) Controls public expenditure.
6. Importance of Lok Sabha:
(a) Represents the people.
(b) Controls the Executive.
(c) Decides national finance.
7. Permanence of Rajya Sabha:
(a) Not subject to dissolution.
(b) One‑third members retire every two years.
(c) Ensures continuity.
8. Features of Supreme Court:
(a) Apex court of India.
(b) Guardian of the Constitution.
(c) Final interpreter of law.
9. Original jurisdiction:
(a) Centre‑State disputes.
(b) Inter‑State disputes.
(c) Federal balance.
10. Appellate jurisdiction:
(a) Civil appeals.
(b) Criminal appeals.
(c) Constitutional appeals.
11. Advisory functions:
(a) Advice to President.
(b) Constitutional questions.
(c) Opinion not binding.
12. Judicial independence:
(a) Security of tenure.
(b) Fixed salaries.
(c) Difficult removal.
13. Guardian of Fundamental Rights:
(a) Issues writs.
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(b) Prevents misuse of power.
(c) Protects citizens.
14. Powers of Chief Justice:
(a) Forms benches.
(b) Allocates cases.
(c) Administrative head.
15. Union Executive:
(a) President.
(b) Prime Minister.
(c) Council of Ministers.
16. Executive powers of PM:
(a) Heads the Cabinet.
(b) Coordinates ministries.
(c) Allocates portfolios.
17. Legislative roles of PM:
(a) Leads Parliament.
(b) Explains policies.
(c) Advises dissolution.
18. Functions of Cabinet:
(a) Policy formulation.
(b) Administration.
(c) Advising President.
19. Importance of PM:
(a) Real executive.
(b) Leader of nation.
(c) Controls government.
20. Collective responsibility:
(a) Unity in decisions.
(b) Accountability to Lok Sabha.
(c) Democratic principle.
21. Cabinet vs Council of Ministers:
(a) Cabinet is smaller.
(b) Cabinet takes major decisions.
(c) Council implements them.
22. Parliamentary control:
(a) Question Hour.
(b) Debates.
(c) No‑confidence motion.
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23. Administrative powers of Parliament:
(a) Discusses administration.
(b) Approves policies.
(c) Supervises Executive.
24. Importance of Supreme Court:
(a) Upholds Constitution.
(b) Protects rights.
(c) Maintains federal balance.
25. Control over finance:
(a) Budget approval.
(b) Taxation powers.
(c) Audit through CAG.
26. Crisis role of PM:
(a) Leadership.
(b) Decision‑making.
(c) National unity.
27. Cabinet in policy‑making:
(a) Frames policies.
(b) Coordinates departments.
(c) Ensures execution.
28. Limitations on Parliament:
(a) Judicial review.
(b) Federal structure.
(c) Fundamental Rights.
29. Functions of Rajya Sabha:
(a) Revises legislation.
(b) Represents States.
(c) Delays hasty laws.
30. Checks on judiciary:
(a) Constitutional amendments.
(b) Parliamentary laws.
(c) Review powers.
31. PM as national leader:
(a) Policy direction.
(b) Crisis leadership.
(c) International representation.
32. Cabinet as engine:
(a) Central decision‑making body.
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(b) Real executive authority.
(c) Efficient governance.
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