Date: 17-Oct-2025

Class: Time allowed: ## minutes

Marks: 86

1
(a) In Fig. I, ABC is a paper card in the shape of a triangle, where AB = 20 cm. D is a point on AC
such that ABD = 25, DBC = 45 and ADB = 125.
B

A C
D
Fig. I
Find the length of BC.
(b) The paper card in Fig. I is folded along BD such that the distance between A and C is 15 cm
(see Fig. II).
C

D
A
Fig. II
(i) Find ABC.
(ii) Find the angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABD,
ABD + ADB + DAB = 180
25 + 125 + DAB = 180
DAB = 30
In △ABC,
ABC + ACB + CAB = 180
25 + 45 + ACB + 30 = 180
ACB = 80
By the sine formula,
 = 1M

BC = cm
= 10.2 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 10.154 1A

(b) (i) In △ABC, by the cosine formula,

cos ABC =

= 1M

ABC = 46.8, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 46.787 1A

(ii) Let E be a point on BD such that CE  BD and F be a point on AB such that FE  BD.
C

F
E

D
A
The angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD is CEF. 1A
sin CBE =
CE = 10.154 sin 45 cm
= 7.180 0 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
cos CBE =
BE = 10.154 cos 45 cm
= 7.180 0 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
tan FBE =
EF = 7.180 0 tan 25 cm
= 3.348 1 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
cos FBE =

BF = cm

= 7.922 3 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

In △BCF, by the cosine formula,
CF2 = BC2 + BF2  2  BC  BF  cos CBF
CF = cm 1M
= 7.463 6 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
 In △CEF, by the cosine formula,
cos CEF =

CEF = 81.6, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

∴ The angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD is 81.6. 1A

2
(a) In Fig. I, ABCD is a paper card in the shape of an isosceles trapezium. It is given that
CBD = 39, BCD = 64 and BC = 7 cm.
B C

A D
Fig. I
Find the length of CD.
(b) The paper card in Fig. I is folded along BD such that the distance between A and C is 4 cm
(see Fig. II).
A

C
B

D
Fig. II
(i) Find ABC.
(ii) Find the angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △BCD,
CBD + BCD + BDC = 180
39 + 64 + BDC = 180
BDC = 77
By the sine formula,
= 1M
 CD = cm
= 4.52 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 4.521 1 1A

(b) (i) ∵ ABCD in Fig. I is an isosceles trapezium.

∴ AB = DC = 4.521 1 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
cos ABC =

= 1M

ABC = 32.4, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 32.403 1A

(ii) Let E be a point on BD such that AE  BD and F be a point on BC such that FE  BD.
A

F C
B

E
D
The angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD is AEF. 1A
ABD = 64  39 = 25
sin ABD =
AE = 4.521 1 sin 25 cm
= 1.910 7 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
cos ABD =
BE = 4.521 1 cos 25 cm
= 4.097 5 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
tan FBE =
EF = 4.097 5 tan 39 cm
= 3.318 1 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
cos FBE =

BF = cm

= 5.272 5 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

In △ABF, by the cosine formula,
AF2 = AB2 + BF2  2  AB  BF  cos ABC
AF = cm 1M
= 2.826 2 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △AEF, by the cosine formula,
 cos AEF =

AEF = 58.2, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

∴ The angle between the plane ABD and the plane BCD is 58.2. 1A

3
ABC is a paper card, where AC = 18 cm. D is a point on AB such that AD = 24 cm and DC = 16 cm.
(a) Find the value of cos DAC.
(b) In the figure, the paper card ABC is held such that only the edge BC lies on the horizontal
ground. E and F are points lying on the horizontal ground vertically below the vertices A and
D respectively. It is given that AE = 3 cm and DF = 1 cm.

(i) Find the length of BD.

(ii) Find the length of BC.
(iii) Find the inclination of the paper card.
(iv) Someone claims that the area of △EBC is less than 90% of the area of △ABC. Do you
agree? Explain your answer.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(13 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △DAC, by the cosine formula,
cos DAC =

= 1M

= 1A
(b) (i)

Join BE.
∵ △BDF ~ △BAE
∴ =

= 1M
3BD = BD + AD
2BD = AD
2BD = 24 cm
BD = 12 cm 1A

(ii) AB = AD + BD = (24 + 12) cm = 36 cm

In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
BC2 = AB2 + AC2  2  AB  AC  cos DAC

BC = cm 1M

= 25.6 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 25.573 1A

(iii)

Let G be a point on the horizontal ground such that AG  BC.

The required inclination is AGE.
cos DAC =
DAC = 41.809, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
Area of △ABC
=  AB  AC  sin DAC

=  36  18  sin 41.809 cm2 1M

 = 215.99 cm2, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
Consider the area of △ABC with base BC.
Area of △ABC=  BC  AG

AG = cm 1M
= 16.892 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △AGE,
sin AGE =

= 1M
AGE = 10.2, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 10.230
∴ The inclination of the paper card is 10.2. 1A

Alternative method:
In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
cos ABC =

= 1M

ABC = 27.984, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

In △ABG,
sin 27.984 = 1M
AG = 36 sin 27.984 cm
= 16.892 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △AGE,
sin AGE =

= 1M
AGE = 10.2, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 10.230
∴ The inclination of the paper card is 10.2. 1A

(iv)

= 1M

=
= cos AGE
= cos 10.230
 = 0.984, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A
> 90%
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

(a) Show that cos 2 x = .

(b)
P

30
B C

60
A

In the figure, PAC is a triangular metal plate with the side AC lying on the horizontal plane. B
is the projection of P on the horizontal plane. The angle between AP and the horizontal plane
is 60. The angle between CP and the horizontal plane is 30. It is given that ABC is an
acute-angled triangle, the area of △ABC is 300 cm2 and AB = 20 cm. Let  be the angle
between the plane PAC and the horizontal plane.
(i) Find the length of AC.
(ii) Find the value of tan .
(iii) Using the results of (a) and (b)(ii), find the ratio of the area of △ABC to the area of
△PAC.
(Leave the radical sign ‘√’ in the answers.)
(13 marks)
Solution:

(a) R.H.S. =

= 1M

= cos2 x
 = L.H.S.

∴ 1

(b) (i) In △BAP,

tan 60 = 1M
BP = 20 tan 60 cm
= cm
In △BCP,
tan 30 = 1M

BC = cm

= cm

= 60 cm 1A
Area of △ABC = 300 cm 2

 AB  BC  sin ABC = 300 cm2

1M
sin ABC =

=
ABC = 60
In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2  2  AB  BC  cos ABC
AC = cm 1M
= cm
= 1A

(ii)
P

30
B C

Q
60
A
 Let Q be a point on AC such that BQ  AC and PQ  AC. Join BQ and PQ.
BQP = 
Consider the area of △ABC.
Area of △ABC = 300 cm2
 AC  BQ = 300 cm2

BQ = cm 1M

tan  =

= 1A

(iii)

=
= cos  1A

∵ cos2  = and  is an acute angle.

∴ cos  =

= 1M

=
∴ 1A

5
The figure shows a tetrahedron, where AB = 9 cm, BC = 12 cm, AD = 8 cm, ABC = 90,
ADB = 78 and CAD = 60.
(a) Find the length of CD.
(b) Find BAD.
(c) Samson claims that the angle between the planes ABC and BCD is ABD. Do you agree?
Explain your answer.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABC,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
AC = cm 1M
= 15 cm
In △ACD, by the cosine formula,
CD2 = AC2 + AD2  2  AC  AD  cos CAD
CD = cm 1M
= 13 cm 1A

(b) In △ABD, by the sine formula,

1M

sin ABD =

ABD = 60.396, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

BAD + ABD + ADB = 180
BAD + 60.396 + 78 = 180
BAD = 41.6, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 41.604 1A

(c) In △ABD, by the cosine formula,

BD2 = AB2 + AD2  2  AB  AD  cos BAD
BD = cm
= 6.109 3 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △BCD, by the cosine formula,
 cos CBD =

CBD = 85.2, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

∴ CBD is not a right angle. 1M
∴ The angle between the planes ABC and BCD is not ABD.
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

Alternative method:
In △ABD, by the cosine formula,
BD2 = AB2 + AD2  2  AB  AD  cos BAD
BD = cm
= 6.109 3 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △BCD,
CD2 = 132 cm2
= 169 cm2
BC2 + BD2 = (122 + 6.109 32) cm2
= 181 cm2, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∵ CD2  BC2 + BD2
∴ CBD is not a right angle. 1M
∴ The angle between the planes ABC and BCD is not ABD.
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

10cm
110 19 cm

60

75

The figure shows a pyramid ABCD, where AD = 10 cm, CD = 19 cm, ADC = 110,
ABC = 75 and BAC = 60. E is a point on AC such that DE  AC.
(a) Find the length of AB.
(Give the answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(b) Jacky claims that the angle between the planes ADC and ABC is DEB. Do you agree?
 Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ACD, by the cosine formula,
AC2 = AD2 + CD2  2  AD  CD  cos ADC
AC = cm 1M
= 27.291 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △ABC,
BCA + ABC + BAC = 180
BCA + 75 + 60 = 180
BCA = 45
By the sine formula,

= 1M

AB = cm

= 20.0 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 19.978 1A

(b) In △ACD, by the cosine formula,

cos CAD =

= 1M

CAD = 40.860, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

In △ADE,
cos 40.860 =
AE = cos 40.860 cm
= 10.696 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △ABE, by the cosine formula,
BE2 = AB2 + AE2  2  AB  AE  cos BAE
BE = cm
= 17.316 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

cos AEB =

AEB = 87.7, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

∴ AEB is not a right angle. 1M
∴ The angle between the planes ADC and ABC is not DEB.
 ∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

Alternative method:
In △ACD, by the cosine formula,

cos CAD =

= 1M

CAD = 40.860, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

In △ADE,
cos 40.860 =
AE = cos 40.860 cm
= 10.696 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △ABE, by the cosine formula,
BE2 = AB2 + AE2  2  AB  AE  cos BAE
BE = cm
= 17.316 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
AE2 + BE2 = (10.6962 + 17.3162) cm2
= 414 cm2, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
AB2 = 19.9782 cm2
= 399 cm2, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∵ AB2  AE2 + BE2
∴ AEB is not a right angle. 1M
∴ The angle between the planes ADC and ABC is not DEB.
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

7
V V

Fig. I Fig. II
Fig. I shows a solid pyramid with a rectangular base, where AB = 27 cm, BC = 12 cm,
VB = VC = 36 cm and VAB = VDC = 40.
(a) Find VBA.
(b) P and Q are points on VC and VB respectively such that VP : PC = VQ : QB = 7 : 5. A
geometric model is made by cutting off VAQPD from VABCD as shown in Fig. II. Someone
claims that the distance between Q and AD is greater than 35 cm. Do you agree? Explain your
answer.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △VAB, by the sine formula,

= 1M

sin AVB =

AVB = 28.822, cor. to 5 sig. fig

VBA + VAB + AVB = 180
VBA + 40 + 28.822 = 180
VBA = 111, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 111.18 1A

(b)

M
Let M be a point on AD such that QM  AD.

BQ = VB =  36 cm = 15 cm

In △ABQ, by the cosine formula,

AQ2 = AB2 + BQ2  2  AB  BQ  cos ABQ
AQ = cm 1M
= 35.308 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
=

PQ =  12 cm 1M
= 7 cm
AM = (AD  PQ) = (12  7) cm = 2.5 cm 1A
In △AMQ,
AQ2 = QM2 + AM2
QM = cm 1M
= 35.2 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
> 35 cm
 ∴ The claim is agreed. 1A

Fig. I Fig. II
Fig. I shows a right pyramid whose base ABC is an equilateral triangle and VAB = 75. The
length of each side of the base is 36 cm. Let P be a point on VA such that PBA = 60. A
geometric model is made by cutting off VPBC from VABC as shown in Fig. II.
(a) Find the lengths of AP and BP.
(b) Find the angle between the planes PBC and ABC.
(c) Find the angle between the line PB and the plane ABC.
(d) Let T be a movable point on BC and  be the angle between the line PT and the plane ABC.
Describe how  varies when T moves from B to C. Explain your answer.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(12 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △ABP,
APB + PAB + PBA = 180
APB + 75 + 60 = 180
APB = 45
By the sine formula,
= 1M

AP = cm
= 44.1 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 44.091 1A
By the cosine formula,
BP2 = AP2 + AB2  2  AP  AB  cos PAB
BP = cm 1M
= 49.2 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 49.177 1A
(b)

Let E be a point on BC such that PE  BC and AE  BC.

The required angle is PEA.
BE = BC =  36 cm = 18 cm
In △PBE,
BP2 = PE2 + BE2
PE = cm 1M
= 45.764 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △ABE,
AB2 = AE2 + BE2
AE = cm
= 31.177 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △PAE, by the cosine formula,

cos PEA =

= 1M

PEA = 66.8, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 66.839

∴ The angle between the planes PBC and ABC is 66.8. 1A

(c) Let F be a point on the plane ABC such that PF is perpendicular to the plane ABC.
The required angle is PBF.
In △PEF,
sin 66.839 =
PF = 45.764 sin 66.839 cm 1M
= 42.076 cm, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
In △PBF,
sin PBF =

= 1M
 PBF = 58.8, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∴ The angle between the line PB and the plane ABC is 58.8. 1A

(d) Note that PB = PC, PBF = PCF,  = PTF and sin  = .

Since PE  PT  PB,
 
sin PEF  sin   sin PBF 1M
Since PEF,  and PBF are acute angles, PEF    PBF.
∴ When T moves from B to E,  increases from 58.8 to 66.8. When T moves from E to C,
 decreases from 66.8 to 58.8. 1A

38 50
A B C
20 m 10 m
In the figure, a hot air balloon stays at the position P. A, B and C are three locations on the same
horizontal plane. A, B, C and P lie on the same vertical plane. The angles of elevation of P from A
and B are 38 and 50 respectively. AB = 20 m and BC = 10 m.
(a) Find the length of BP.
(b) Find the angle of elevation of P from C.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △APB,
PAB + APB = PBC
38 + APB = 50 1M
APB = 12
By the sine formula,
= 1M

BP = m
= 59.2 m, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 59.223 1A
(b) In △BPC, by the cosine formula,
CP2 = BC2 + BP2  2  BC  BP  cos CBP
CP = m 1M
= 53.348 m, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
By the cosine formula,

cos BCP =

= 1M

BCP = 121.74, cor. to 5 sig. fig.

35 50 
A B C
20 m 10 m
With the notation in the figure,
 + BCP = 180
 + 121.74 = 180 1M
 = 58.3, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∴ The angle of elevation of P from C is 58.3. 1A

10

65 22

40

80 m

In the figure, two buildings AB and CD stand vertically on the horizontal ground BD, where the
height of the building AB is 80 m. The angles of depression of target P on the horizontal ground
from roof A and roof C are 40 and 65 respectively. The angle of elevation of C from A is 22. A,
B, C, D and P lie on the same vertical plane.
(a) Find the distance between A and P.
(b) Find the distance between C and P.
(c) A sniper at A shoots at target P with a rubber bullet at a speed of 200 m/s. Another sniper at C
 shoots at target P with a rubber bullet at a speed of 250 m/s. The two snipers shoot at P at the
same time. Who hits the target first? Explain your answer.
(Give the answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △APB,
APB = 40
sin 40 = 1M

AP = m
= 124 m, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 124.46
∴ The distance between A and P is 124 m. 1A

(b)

65 22

40

80 m

With the notation in the figure,

 = 22
In △ACP,
ACP = 65   = 65  22 = 43
By the sine formula,

1M

CP = m

= 161 m, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 161.13

∴ The distance between C and P is 161 m. 1A

(c) Time taken by the sniper at A to hit the target

= s

= 0.622 s, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A

Time taken by the sniper at C to hit the target
= s

= 0.645 s, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A

∴ The sniper at A hits the target first. 1A