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Survey Methodology on Wellbeing Factors

The study utilized a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design to explore relationships among psychological variables such as need for belonging and life satisfaction, involving a sample of 436 Australian adults. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, including the Need to Belong Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale, with a response rate of 54.4%. The analysis was conducted using SPSS software after ensuring data accuracy by excluding incomplete questionnaires.

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9 views2 pages

Survey Methodology on Wellbeing Factors

The study utilized a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design to explore relationships among psychological variables such as need for belonging and life satisfaction, involving a sample of 436 Australian adults. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, including the Need to Belong Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale, with a response rate of 54.4%. The analysis was conducted using SPSS software after ensuring data accuracy by excluding incomplete questionnaires.

Uploaded by

sg7883611
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4.

Methodology

a. Research Design
The present study adopted a quantitative, cross-sectional survey research design. This
design was selected because it enables the systematic collection of numerical data to
examine relationships among multiple psychological variables, namely need for belonging,
loneliness, satisfaction with personal relationships, and life satisfaction. A survey approach
was appropriate as it allowed data to be gathered from a large sample efficiently and
facilitated statistical analysis of correlations and mediation effects. The correlational nature
of the design was suitable as no variables were manipulated, and the study aimed to explore
naturally occurring relationships rather than establish causality.

b. Sample
The sample comprised 436 Australian adults drawn from the Australian Unity Wellbeing
Project. Participants were recruited from a national cross-sectional database and had
previously volunteered to participate in longitudinal wellbeing research. The sample
included 244 females and 192 males, with ages ranging from 20 to 86 years (M = 59.07, SD
= 14.00). Regarding living arrangements, 79 participants reported living alone, while 357
reported living with others. A voluntary sampling method was used, and participants who
returned incomplete questionnaires were excluded from the final analysis to ensure data
accuracy and reliability.

c. Tools & Measures


Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of standardized and
validated measurement instruments. The Need to Belong Scale, comprising 10 items, was
used to assess the extent to which participants desired acceptance and belonging within
social groups. Responses were recorded on an 11-point Likert scale, and the scale
demonstrated acceptable internal consistency in the current study (Cronbach’s α = 0.78).
Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), a 20-item
instrument that assesses subjective feelings of social isolation and connectedness. This scale
showed excellent reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.95). Satisfaction with personal relationships
was measured using a single item from the Personal Wellbeing Index, while overall life
satisfaction was assessed using a single global item. Both items were rated on 11-point
Likert scales, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction.

d. Procedure
Data collection was conducted as part of the Australian Unity Longitudinal Wellbeing
follow-up survey in March 2007. Questionnaires were distributed by mail to eligible
participants who had previously consented to further contact. Participants completed the
questionnaires independently and returned them via post. A total of 487 questionnaires
were returned, yielding a response rate of 54.4%. Surveys containing missing data on key
variables were excluded from the analysis. The remaining data were coded and analysed
using SPSS software following preliminary screening for missing values, normality, and
statistical assumptions.

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