Area of
Close
Traverse
LECTURE -12
Area of Close Traverse
➢Area by Triangle Method
➢Area by rule of thumb
➢Area by Coordinates
➢Area by Double Meridian Distance
➢Area by Double Parallel Distance
Procedure for computing the area
1. Compute the latitude and departure of all courses
2. Compute the error
3. Balance the latitude and departure by applying either the compass rule or transit rule
4. Compute the DMD of all courses
5. Compute the double areas by multiplying each DMD by the corresponding latitude.
6. Determine the algebraic sum of the double area
7. Divide the algebraic sum of the whole area to obtain the area of the whole tract.
Double Area = DMD x Latitude
The transit rule
The correction to be applied.
adjusts the latitude of each side as a proportion of this latitude to the sum of the latitudes of all
sides; similarly, the departure of each side is adjusted as the proportion of that departure to the
sum of the departures of all sides.
Computation of DMD
1. DMD of the first course is equal to the departure of that course
2. DMD of any course is equal to the DMD of the preceding course, plus the departure of the
preceding course plus the departure itself.
3. DMD of the last course is numerically equal to the departure of the last course but opposite in
sign.
Sample Computation
Lines Lat Dep DMD Double Area
1-2 +60 -30 -30 -30 x 60 = -1800
2-3 -20 +20 -30 + -30 + 20 = -40 -40 x (-20) = 800
3-4 -80 +60 -40 + 20 + 60 = 40 40 x (-80) = -3200
4-1 +40 -50 40 + 60 + (-50) = 50 50 x 40 = 2000
Error = 0 2A = | - 2200 |
A = 1,100
Lines Lat Dep DPD Double Area
1-2 +60 - 30 60x-30 = -1800
2-3 -20 +20 100 100x20 =2000
3-4 -80 +60 100 + (-20) + (-80) = 0 0
4-1 +40 - 50 0+ (-80) +40 = - 40 2000
Sample Problem
a) Find the corrected bearing of line BC using transit rule
b) Find the corrected bearing of line DE using transit rule
c) Find the area of the closed traverse using DMD
Lines Bearing Distance Lat Dep
AB N 48°20’ E 529.60 352.08 395.62
BC N 87° 00’ E 592.00 30.98 591.19
CD S 7° 59’ E 563.60 - 558.14 78.28
DE S 80° 00’ W 753.40 - 130.83 -741.95
EA N 48° 12’ W 428.20 285.41 -319.21
Error -20.5 3.93
LEC = 20.87
Transit Rule: Correction
Line Lat Dep
AB 352.08 395.62 Latitude Departure Latitude Departure
BC 30.98 591.19 𝐶1 352.08
C1 =5.32 C1 = 0.73
AB 20.5
= 1357.44 𝐶1 395.62
= 2126.25
CD - 558.14 78.28 3.93
DE - 130.83 -741.95
EA 285.41 -319.21 BC 𝐶2 30.98
= 1357.44 𝐶2 591.19
20.5
= 2126.25 C2 = 0.47 C2 = 1.09
3.93
ERROR -20.5 3.93
Sum 1357.44 2126.25
CD 𝐶3 558.14 𝐶3 78.28
= 2126.25 C3 = 8.43 C3 = 0.14
= 3.93
20.5 1357.44
𝐿
CL = ∑L 𝐿𝑇
𝐷 DE 𝐶4 130.83 𝐶4 741.95
= 2126.25 C4 = 1.98 C4 = 1.37
CD = ∑D 𝐷𝑇 = 1357.44 3.93
20.5
LT/DT = arithmetic sum of Latitude/departure
∑L/ ∑D = error of lat / dep
EA 𝐶5 285.41 𝐶5 319.21
= 2126.25 C5 = 4.31 C5 = 0.59
L / D = Lat / Dep of the line = 3.93
20.5 1357.44
Lines Bearing Lat Dep Correction Lat Correction Dep Corrected Lat Corrected Dep
AB N 48°20’ E 352.08 395.62 5.32 -0.73
BC N 87° 00’ E 30.98 591.19 0.47 -1.09
CD S 7° 59’ E - 558.14 78.28 8.43 -0.14
DE S 80° 00’ W - 130.83 -741.95 1.98 -1.37
EA N 48° 12’ W 285.41 -319.21 4.31 -0.59
-20.5 3.93
Lines Bearing Lat Dep Correction Lat Correction Dep Corrected Lat Corrected Dep
AB N 48°20’ E 352.08 395.62 5.32 -0.73 357.40 394.89
BC N 87° 00’ E 30.98 591.19 0.47 -1.09 31.45 590.1
CD S 7° 59’ E - 558.14 78.28 8.43 -0.14 -549.71 78.14
DE S 80° 00’ W - 130.83 -741.95 1.98 -1.37 -128.85 -743.32
EA N 48° 12’ W 285.41 -319.21 4.31 -0.59 289.72 -319.8
-20.5 3.93 0.01 0.01
a) Corrected bearing of line BC b) Corrected bearing of line DE
𝐷𝑒𝑝 𝐷𝑒𝑝
tanϴ = tanϴ =
𝐿𝑎𝑡 𝐿𝑎𝑡
590.1 −743.32
tanϴ = 31.45 tanϴ = −128.85
ϴ = 86° 56’57.29”
ϴ = N 86° 57’ E ϴ = S 80° 10’ W
Lines Cor Lat Cor Dep DMD Double Area
AB 357.40 394.89
BC 31.45 590.1
CD -549.71 78.14
DE -128.85 -743.32
EA 289.72 -319.8
Lines Cor Lat Cor Dep DMD Double Area
AB 357.40 394.89 394.89 141133.686
BC 31.45 590.1 1379.88 43397.226
CD -549.71 78.14 2048.12 -1125872.045
DE -128.85 -743.32 1382.94 -178191.819
EA 289.72 -319.8 319.82 92658.250
2A -1026874.702
A 513437.351
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