TASK 2: ( At least 250 words)

TOPIC 1: EDUCATION
Example 1: Some people believe that everyone has a right to have access to university education and that governments
should make it free for all students no matter what financial background they have. To what extent do you agree or
disagree.
1. The reasons why the governments should allow people attend universities without fee.
- Promoting equality and non- discrimination in your community regardless of individual’s social status or their
financial condition. (it means anyone has a chance of going to school)
- Creating potential talents and well- educated workforce for the country-> have more inventions in many respects
and boost the country’s economy.
- Helping individuals, especially the ones living in poverty pursue tertiary education-> have more opportunities to
get a better job with higher salary to support their life and their family.

For example: In Vietnam, there has been a free of charge policy for children in mountainous areas to go to
school. As a result, their life quality has been improved a lot and they can build their own houses in stead of
having to live in slums.
2. The disadvantages of people attending schools without paying fee.
- The enormous cost paid for education will be a financial burden on the governments. Therefore, the authories may
increase taxes or reduce social welfare.
- The rapid growth in the number of university graduates will result in the competitive job market. It is difficult for
people to find a job.
- Some people do not have to pay for their studying and think that they can have everything easily without effort.
Thus, this policy indirectly create a group of lazy or inactive individuals.

3. Introduction:
- Câu dân dắt vào chủ đề
- Viết lại đề bài theo 1 cách khác (sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa, cấu trúc bị động, mệnh đề quan hệ, liên từ….)
- Đưa ra quan điểm
a. Some people believe that= It is argued that= Some people assert that= A school of thought holds that
b. I believe that= I would contend that= I am convinced that= (I am of the opinion that)
c. Have positive effects on= bring about immense benefits in terms of= have a number of advantages regarding/
concerning= have a good influence on
d. would have an adverse bearing on= would do more harm than good= would have many drawbacks= would bring
about significant disadvantages= would have negative impacts.
 As education plays an important role in our modern society, there is a tendency for people to invest more money
and effort into this area. It is argued that all people are entitled to attend tertiary education and that governments
should apply free-college policy regardless of their financial status. (While this thinking is valid to a certain
extent, I believe that abolishing tuition would have negative impacts on both students and society) (Although this
policy has some negative impacts, I believe that its benefits outweigh the disadvantages)

e. Everyone= all people

f. University education= college education= higher education= tertiary education
g. Has a right to have access to university education= is entitled to study/ attend/ pursue tertiary education
h. Make it free for all students= abolish tuition (fees)= remove tuition (fees) = apply free-college policy = free- of-
charge college education
i. No matter what: dù cho= in spite of= despite = irrespective of= regardless of
j. Financial background (nền tảng tài chính)= socio-economic background= financial status
k. students= college-goers= university-goers= peope who attend higher education= undergraduates
l. the university graduates/ bachelor’s degree holders/ post graduates,
Example 2: Online classes make conventional classrooms unnessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
Online classes= online courses= web-based classrooms= e-learning= learning on the Internet= virtual learning
 Attend traditional/ conventional classes= go to physical classrooms= being taught face to face= attend physical
lectures
 The introduction of technology has made our teaching and learning more convenient and easier (The introduction
of technology has facilitated education in many ways). It is argued that virtual learning is replacing physical
lectures completely. While online courses bring about immense benefits, I would contend that it is better for
students to attend conventional classes.

Would have adverse bearing on

Example 3: Some students prefer to take a gap year between high school and university, to work or to travel. Do the
advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages.
- In some parts of the world, there is an increasing tendency for sb to V
In our modern society, young people have many choices of their education and career paths. In some parts of the
world, there is an increasing tendency for students to take a gap year to work or travel rather than pursue
university education. While this trend brings about immense benefits, I am convinced that having a year-long
break would do more harm than good for the students themselves.

Example 4: Some people say that schools should concentrate on teaching students academic subjects that will be
useful for their future careers. Other people say that subjects such as music and sports are also necessary. Discuss both
views and give your own opinion.
People have different views about education and the school curriculum. It is argued that only core subjects are taught
at schools for fear of students’ studying pressure. While this way of thinking is valid to some extent, I am convinced
that optional subjects such as music and sports are also important.
4. Body (2 đoạn) ( Luận điểm, lập luận, dẫn chứng)
Example1: Some people believe that everyone has a right to have access to university education and that governments
should make it free for all students no matter what financial background they have. To what extent do you agree or
disagree.
a. Body 1: Agree
- Luận điểm 1: Có lợi cho cá nhân

+ Lập luận: Sinh viên có hoàn cảnh khó khăn mà không có điều kiện chi trả học phí có cơ hội đi học và tìm công việc
tốt-> có cuộc sống tốt hơn
- Luận điểm 2: Có lợi cho xã hội

+ Chính sách này sẽ mang lại lực lượng lao động chất lượng cao hơn. Từ đó dẫn tới nền kinh tế thịnh vượng và xã hội
văn minh.
Dẫn chứng: Chính phủ nhiều quốc gia có chính sách trao học bổng cho học sinh nghèo vượt khó-> có nhiều người trở
thành nhân tài trong nhiều lĩnh vực y học, toán học, khoa học.
b. Body 2: Disagree
- Luận điểm 1: Ảnh hưởng xấu đến sinh viên

+ Lập luận: Nhiều sinh viên tốt nghiệp với tấm bằng đại học, thị trường việc làm ngày càng cạnh tranh
+ Lập luận: Được miễn giảm học phí nhiều sinh viên không có ý chí phấn đấu và sao nhãng việc học tập
- Luận điểm 2: Ảnh hưởng xấu đên xa hội

+ Lập luận: Gây áp lực ngân sách của nhà trương và chính phủ.
Dẫn chứng: Ở 1 số quốc gia, chính phủ thâm hụt ngân sách dẫn tới giảm phúc lợi xã hội, tăng thuế.
Example 2: Online classes make conventional classrooms unnessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
Body 1: Học online có lợi hơn so với lớp học thông thường
- Tiết kiệm: Khoá học online được bán rẻ hơn do tiết kiệm chi phí thuê mặt bằng, điện nước và các dịch vụ khác
- Giúp người học vượt qua rào cản về thời gian và địa lý
- An toàn: trong tình hình dịch bệnh
 Example: covid 19
Body 2: Lợi ích của các lơp truyền thống mà học online không thể thay thế
 - Học trưc tiếp có sẽ tự tương tác giữa mọi người thông qua thảo luận nhóm-> lớp học sôi nổi, thú vị và đạt được
kết quả cao
- 1 số môn học cần phải sử dụng dụng cụ trang thiết bị bắt buộc phải học thực tế
- Giúp dễ dàng trong việc giáo viên quản lý học sinh
 Example: Môn PE (Physical Education), Physics and Chemistry diễn ra nhiều thí nghiệm
Example 3: Some students prefer to take a gap year between high school and university, to work or to travel. Do the
advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages.
Body 1: lợi ích của take a gap year
- Trải nghiệm cuộc sống và trau dồi kĩ năng, kiến thức thực tế: Trong 1 năm nghỉ phép, học sinh đi du lịch các đât
nước khác nhau tìm hiểu về phong tục, tập quán và kết bạn với nhiều người.
 Example: Giao tiếp với nhiều người ở các nền văn hoá khác giúp cải thiện kĩ năng năng giao tiếp và khả năng nói
tiếng Anh bên canh việc bản thân học sinh hình thành lối sống độc lập.
- Giải toả căng thẳng, áp lực của việc học và làm, tận hưởng cuộc sống
- Có thời gian cân nhắc lựa chon ngành nghề phù hợp sau này: Nhiều trường không định hướng nghề nghiệp, việc
tự mình khám phá, trải nghiệm, tìm ra đam mê có lợi định hướng nghề nghiệp sau này.
Body 2: bất lợi của take a gap year
- Mất tự tin, chán nản với việc học khi quay trở lại trường: Nghỉ lâu dễ bị tụt lại trong học tập, áp lực từ bạn bè và
chương trình học.
Example: Có rất nhiều trường hợp, sau 1 thời gian nghỉ quá lâu học sinh không theo được chương trình học -> bỏ
học và bắt đầu đi làm những công việc cấp thấp với đồng lương ít ỏi và không mang lại nhiều kiến thức kĩ năng
thực tế, chuyên môn.
Example 4: Some people say that schools should concentrate on teaching students academic subjects that will be
useful for their future careers. Other people say that subjects such as music and sports are also necessary. Discuss both
views and give your own opinion.
Body 1: There are many compelling reasons why schools should focus on teaching students core subjects such as
Maths, Literature and foreign languages.
- Academic subjects help student have more opportunities to get good and well paid jobs. With the development of
our society and social demands, professions related to calculation, medical service, education, technology,
communication and English promise to bring about development chances for students after their graduation.
Therefore, they can get better jobs with high salary, which helps to improve their life quality.

Example: According to a survey in 2015, graduates from foreign language or technology departments were
more likely to have easier career paths compared to the ones graduating from sports or arts schools.
Body 2: On the other hand, it cannot be denied that optional subjects play an important role in the development of
each individual.
- Helping to find out young talents for the country. Throughout the competitions and lessons, students have chances
of show their strength and pursue their passion for a particular area. On the individual level, this helps students
have aims in life and make effort to fulfill their dream. On the societal level, talents contribute to the thriving
economy and represent the pride of the nation.

Example: Korean entertainment industry has young and energetic idols working in music and film areas.
They also provide enormous amounts of income for the country and attract a large number of fans around
the world.
- Subjects like music, arts and sports also facilitate people when they work or do their tasks because students can
improve various skills such as team work, communication or help them to be creative.
- Help the student to relax after a hard day of study. Students can develop not only physical but also mental and
intellectual health.

Example 1: Some people believe that everyone has a right to have access to university education and that governments
should make it free for all students no matter what financial background they have. To what extent do you agree or
disagree.
 1. Reasons why tuition fees should be free.
a. On the individual level: all people, especially the poor can have a better chance of going to school
- Easy to get a good job after graduation
- Get high salary to support their family
- Enhance their living standard.
b. On the societal level, waiving/ abolishing tuition would create a more educated workforce
- Promote a thriving economy and a civilized society
- There will be more inventions and discoveries in various fields such as: medicine, science, technology and so on
2. Reasons why free- of – charge education has its own disadvantages:
- The increase in the number of degree holders would put pressure on the students as the job market would be
increasingly competitive.
- the enormous cost spent to cover higher education tuition will be the financial burden on the government, which
can lead to the tax increase or social welfare reduction
- If education is free, some students will lose the motivation to study because they think that they will get things
easily.
Bài mẫu
As education plays an important role in our modern society, there is a tendency for people to invest more money
and effort into this area. It is argued that all people are entitled to pursue tertiary education and that governments
should apply free-college policy regardless of their financial status. While this thinking is valid to a certain extent,
I believe that abolishing tuition would have an adverse bearing on both students and society.
There are many compelling reasons why students should be allowed to pursue college without fee. On the
individual level, the university graduates, especially the poor, will have a better chance of having a well-paid job,
which helps them to improve their life quality. On the societal level, waiving tuition would create/ give rise to a
more educated workforce, which promotes not only a thriving economy but also a civilized society. For example,
the governments in many different nations, especially America, Australia, Finland have given scholarships and
grants to poor students, which creates many talents in various fields such as medicine, science, technology and so
on.
Despite the aforemetioned benefits, I would contend that free- of- charge education has its own disadvantages.
That there is an increase in the number of bachelor’s degree holders would put intense pressure on the students
themselves as the job market has always been competitive. If everyone is entitled to university , it is no longer
feasible/ possible for them to find a job. In addition, the enormous cost spent to cover higher education tuition will
be the financial burden on the government, which can lead to / cause the tax increase or social welfare reduction.
In conclusion, while the potential benefits of free-college policy make it seem like a good idea, I believe that the
government should not make it free for everyone.
BÀI VIẾT 2:
 Body 1: There are many compelling reasons why online classes should be introduced.
- On the individual level:
+ Helps to save the amount of money paid for the study such as space rental fees, transportation cost, charges for
equipment, electricity and water bills
+ Helps learners overcome time constraints and geographical boundaries because people do not have to travel
long distances.
Example: E-learning is particularly helpful for peple in rural and remote areas where teachers and schools are
scarce
-On the societal level: helps to limit the spread/ infectiousness of dangerous viruses and ensure the safety of
students.
For instance, as the covid-19 epidemic, flu A and flu B are becoming more and more serious and complicated in
many countries, including Vietnam, it is necessary for students to stay at home and study online in order to avoid
physical contact and restrict the risk of contracting the disease.
 Body 2: learners should be taught face to face instead of virtual classes so as to achieve the best outcome
- The direct interaction between the teachers and the students as well as among the learners will create a more
exciting atmosphere which encourages the students to explore and absorb knowledge
- Some subjects require the use of equipment and tools to learn more effectively
 - Some poor students are not able to buy computers, smartphones and laptops for online courses.

Example: many students find it hard to understand the principles in Physics and Chemistry without carrying
out experiments and witness the reaction.

Online classes make conventional classrooms unnessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

It is argued that virtual learning is eliminating the need for attending physical lectures. While online courses bring
about undeniable benefits, I would contend that it is better for students to attend conventional classes.
On the one hand, there are many compelling reasons why online classes should be introduced. On the individual
level, learning through the Internet helps to save the amount of money which the students have to pay for their
study such as space rental fees, charges for equipment, electricity and water bills and so on. In addition, thanks to
online learning, people do not have to travel long distances from their home to classes, which helps learners
overcome time constraints and geographical boundaries. For instance, e-learning is particularly helpful for peple
in rural and remote areas where teachers and schools are scarce. Another benefit of virtual courses is that they can
help to limit the spread/ infectiousness of dangerous viruses and ensure the safety of students. For instance, as the
covid-19 epidemic is becoming more and more serious and complicated in many countries these days, including
Vietnam, it is necessary for students to stay at home and study online in order to avoid physical contact and
restrict the risk of contracting the disease.
Despite the aforementioned advantages, I am convinced that the learners should be taught face to face instead of virtual
classes so as to achieve the best outcome. The direct interaction between the teachers and the students as well as among
the learners, taking part in a range of activities and engaging in a variety of discussions will create a more exciting
atmosphere, which encourages the students to explore and absorb knowledge. Besides/ Moreover, the traditional courses
are important (are of importance) because some subjects require the use of equipment and tools to learn more effectively.
For example, many students find it hard to understand the principles in Physics and Chemistry without carrying out
experiments and witness the reaction.
In conclusion, while the potential benefits of online classes make it seem like a good idea, especially in the epidemic
situation, I believe that it is better for the learners to attend physical lectures and be taught face to face.
Liệt kê các N: such as
Lấy ví dụ mệnh đề: For instance
BÀI VIẾT 3 :Some students prefer to take a gap year between high school and university, to work or to travel. Do the
advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages.
Is advantageous= bring about immense benefits= have positive impacts
A major drawback= significant disadvantages
In some parts of the world, there is an increasing tendency for students to take a gap year to work or travel rather than
pursue university education. While this trend brings about immense benefits, I am convinced that having a year-long
break would do more harm than good for the students themselves.
Body 1: There are many compelling reasons why students should take a gap yeat after graduating from high school.
- New graduates can have more time to improve practical skills, enrich their life experiences and explore alien cultures
For example, when living abroad, students will have to adapt quickly to their independent life and will have a chance of
picking up new foreign languages and enhancing their communication skill through meeting many different kinds of
people.
- Not attending school for a period of time helps people release tress as well as enjoy their life
- Students have more time to consider and identify a suitable career path because most high schools provide inadequate
career guidance these days
Body 2: On the other hand, I am of the opinion that the significant disadvantages outweigh the advantages of taking a gap
year
- Gap-year takers may fall behind in their study and face peer pressure as a result of being distracted from formal
schooling for a long time, which would make them lose confidence in themselves.
For instance, there are many cases in which students cannot catch up with the school curriculum and eventually drop out
of school. Therefore, they have to do entry- level jobs that neither pay well nor bring about valuable experience.
Bài viết
Some students prefer to take a gap year between high school and university, to work or to travel. Do the
advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
In our modern society, people can make different choices in terms of their study and career path. Some students would
like to have a year off after leaving high school. I am of the opinion that this trend results in more drawbacks rather than
benefits.
On the one hand, there are many compelling reasons why students should take a gap year after graduating from high
school/ On the other hand, delaying tertiary education for a year is advantageous to a certain extent. By taking a year off,
new graduates can have more time to hone practical skills, enrich their life experiences and explore alien cultures. For
example, when living abroad, students will have to adapt quickly to their independent life and stand a chance of picking
up new foreign languages. In addition, the decision not to attend school for a period of time helps people release tress,
enjoy their life as well as consider and identify a suitable career path because most high schools provide inadequate career
guidance these days.
On the other hand, I would contend that/ I believe that / I am of the opinion that the significant disadvantages outweigh
the advantages of taking a gap year. A major drawback is that gap-year takers may fall behind in their study and face peer
pressure as a result of being distracted from formal schooling for a long time, which would make them lose confidence in
themselves. For instance, there are many cases in which students cannot catch up with the school schedule/ curriculum
and eventually drop out of school. As a result/ Therefore, they have to do entry- level jobs that neither pay well nor bring
about valuable experience.
In conclusion, while the potential benefits of taking a year off make it seem like a good idea, I believe that the given
disadvantages do not make it a worthwhile path/ choice.
TOPIC 2: ENVIRONMENT
Đề 1: Some people think that a huge amount of time and money is spent on the protection of wild animals and that this
money could be better spent on the human population. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
a. Some people think that= It is argued that/ Some people assert that/ A school of thought holds that
b. A huge/ an enormous amount of time and money= a great deal of time and money
c. The protection of= the conservation of= the preservation of
d. Wild animals= endangered species= threatened animals
e. Spend- waste/ squander (lãng phí) >< invest ….in, use
f. Human population= human being= humankind
The protection of wild animals has recently become a hot issue in almost all parts of the world due to the extintinction of
many species. A school of thought holds that instead of spending large amounts of money and time on the conservation
of endangered animals, this money should be invested in human being. While this thinking is valid to a certain extent, I
believe that there are a lot of benefits if we put more effort into protecting animals.
Body 1: Tiền nên được đầu tư cho con người thay vì động vật
- Con người vẫn còn nhiều vấn đề cấp bách cần phải giải quyết hơn thay vì bảo vệ động vật, tiền có thể được đầu tư
để phát triển kinh tế, xã hôi, y khoa, giáo dục
Example: Thất nghiêp, nạn đói, dịch bệnh tràn lan ở nhiều quốc qua.
Body 2: Nên dùng tiền bảo vệ động vật
- Duy trì cân bằng hệ sinh thái và không làm xáo trộn chuỗi thức ăn
- Bảo vệ động vật cũng chính là bảo vệ bản thân con người vì con người có mối quan hệ mật thiết chặt chẽ với các
loài động vật
Example: Theo nhiều nghiên cứu sự tuyệt chủng của nhiều loài động vật, thực vật trên trái đất gây ra sự tăng khí co2
ảnh hương lớn đến cuộc sống của con người.

Body 1: On the one hand, there are many compelling reasons why time and money could be better spent on human
population.
- There are numerous urgent problems nowdays which need to be addressed (poverty, unemployment, high crime
rate, epidemic)
- Time, money as well as effort should be devoted to the development of economy, a civilized society, education
and medical field, which promotes humankind’s well-being.

Body 2: On the other hand, I would believe that it would be unwise to ignore the importance of wildlife conservation.
- There is obviously an inseperable relationship among human race, plants and animals. If a single wild species
disappears from the ecosystem, it may negatively affect the whole food chain, leading to disastrous consequences
for human life. According to a research, dolphins help to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere better than
 green trees. If this kind of animal disappears from our planet, the amount of carbon dioxide will increase
significantly, directly doing harm to our health.
Bài viêt hoàn chỉnh:
Câu bị động: need to be PII= need + Ving: cần được
A school of thought holds that instead of squandering collossal money and time on the conservation of endangered
animals, this money should be invested in human being. While this thinking is valid to a certain extent, I believe that there
are a lot of benefits if we put more effort into protecting animals.
On the one hand, time and money could be better spent on the human population.(On the one hand, it is understandable
why some people think that too much time and money is currently being spent on wildlife conservation). It is argued that
there are numerous urgent (pressing)problems (issues) nowadays that/ which need to be addressed (solved/coped with/
dealt with/tackled/ remedied). Besides/ In addition/ Moreover/ Furthermore, time, money as well as effort should be
devoted to the development of economy, a civilized society, education and medical field, which promotes humankind’s
well-being, rather than the preservation of threatened species. For instance, a lot of serious problems still exist in many
countries such as poverty, unemployment, high crime rate or epidemic, which need remedying immediately.
On the other hand, I would contend that it would be unwise to ignore the importance of wildlife conservation. There is
obviously an inseperable relationship among human race, plants and animals. If a single wild species disappears from the
ecosystem, it may affect/ disrupt the whole food chain, leading to disastrous consequences for human life. According to a
new theory, when an asteroid hit/ struck the Earth about 65 million years ago, it formed a thick layer of dust in the
atmosphere, which prevented plants from photosynthesizing. As a result, there was no longer available food supply for a
number of animals and many species died out after the impact, including dinosaurs.
In conclusion, I am of the opinion that we should take proper measures to protect wild animals in the interests of human
being.
Đề 2: Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address
these problems? What can individual people do?
Body 1: some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment.
- Gây ra ô nhiễm không khí và nguồn nước
+bằng cách su dụng phuong tiện giao thông sử dụng xăng, dầu
+ Xây dựng các nhà máy chạy bằng than, khí đốt
+ Xả rác ra sông, biển
+ Gia tăng dân số-> nhu cầu sử dụng năng lượng khổng lồ
- Chặt phá rừng tăng khí CO2 gây ra hiệu ứng nhà kính, nóng lên toàn cầu
- săn bắt động vật quá mức -> Mất cân bằng hệ sinh thái, ảnh hưởng chuỗi thước ăn, ảnh hưởng đến con người

Body 2: Solutions
- Government:

+ Đưa ra luât lệ bảo vệ môi trường-> Tăng mạnh các mức phạt hoặc đóng cưa các tô chức, cá nhân vi phạm
+ Hỗ trợ về tài chính phát triển nguôn năng lượng thay thế như ….
+ Tuyên truyền, khuyến khích người dân sử dụng phương tiên công cộng-> giảm thiểu lượng khí thải từ các phương
tiện
- Cá nhân:

+ Sử dụng nguyên liệu tái chế và thân thiên với môi trường.
(Việc sử dụng túi vải thay cho túi nilong và đồ nhựa. Sử dụng chai, cốc chén nhiều lần thay vì đồ dùng 1 lần)
+ Mua và sử dụng sản phẩm chất lượng cao thay vì hàng giá rẻ nhanh chóng bị vứt đi.
Environment = nature
Damage = destroy = take a heavy toll on = deteriorate = degrade = have a negative/adverse/disastrous effects
Address the problem = mitigate the situation = solve the problem = tackle the issue
Humans = human beings = humankind
Body 1: Natural environment is being damaged by human’s activities:
- Air pollution because of harmful gases from vehicles and fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil.

For example: a significant increase in the number of motorbikes and private cars has a negative impact on the
atmosphere in major cities in Vietnam such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city
- Water pollution/ water contamination
Recklessly throwing away low-priced products/goods which are mass-produced with poor quality
 Poisonous chemicals/substances discharged from factories
Body 2: Several feasible/viable solutions can be implemented to solve these aforementioned issues.
The government
- Should invest more money, effort and time to produce energy using on alternative sources( wind, wave, and solar
energy) reducing the reliance on non-renewable ones.
- Campaigns that raise public awareness about the protection environment should be intensified.
- introduce and strictly enforce laws of environmental preservation as well as make those doing harm to the
environment pay heavy fines

On the individual level, people should make environmentally/ eco-friendly choices such as using reusable
containers instead of single use plastic bottles. For example, many stores and customers nowadays choose to use
paper or cloth bags to replace plastic ones, which significantly contributes to the environmental protection.

Bài viết hoàn chỉnh

Despite the importance of nature to human being, we are destroying the environtment around us day by day, which has
negative/ adverse effects on human life. This essay will demonstrate some of the ways in which the environment is being
damaged and outline a number of viable solutions for governments as well as individuals to deal with these issues.
It is obvious/evident/undoubted that natural environment is being damaged by human’s activities. In fact, air pollution is
becoming a serious problem because/as/since harmful gases from vehicles are increasingly released into the atmosphere
and we are generating energy by using fossil fuels instead of renewable sources. For example, a significant increase in the
number of automobiles has an adverse impact on the atmosphere in major cities in Vietnam such as Hanoi and Ho Chi
Minh city. In addition, recklessly throwing away low-priced products/goods which are mass-produced with poor quality
and poisonous chemicals/substances discharged from factories create more waste polluting/contaminating water sources.
Several feasible/viable solutions can be implemented to solve these aforementioned issues. Firstly, the government should
invest more money, effort and time to produce energy using on alternative sources, reducing the reliance on non-
renewable ones. Secondly, campaigns that raise public awareness about the protection environment should be intensified.
Another effective measure to save the nature is that the authorities need to introduce and strictly enforce laws of
environmental preservation as well as make those doing harm to the environment pay heavy fines. On the individual level,
people should make environmentally/ eco-friendly choices such as using reusable containers instead of single use plastic
bottles.
In conclusion, the consumption of conventional energy and consumer goods are main causes of environmental issues but
we can adopt the proposed solutions to help protect our planet.

Từ mới:
Consumer goods: hàng tiêu dùng
It is obvious / evident / undoubted that
Emission: khí thải
Feasible / viable solution: giải pháp khả thi
Contaminate = pollute
Aforementioned (a): được đề cập tới trước đó
Eco-friendly = environmental friendly (a): thân thiện với môi trường
Reusable container (n) túi tái chế
Fossil fuel = non-renewable energy sources
>< renewable energy sources : năng lượng có thể tái chế
Alternative energy sources
Emphasise: nhấn mạnh
Release = discharge (v) : thải ra, xả ra
poisonous substances (n) chất độc
Consumption (n) : sự tiêu dùng
Recklessly (adv): bất cẩn.

Đề 3: Fossil fuel is the main souce of energy. In some countries, the use of alternative sources of energy is encouraged. Is
this a positive or negative development.
Non-renewable resources is the main source of energy but it is one of the causes of environmental pollution. In stead of
burning fossil fuel, many nations have used carbon-free energy sources for environmental protection. While generating
greener substitutes has certain negative effects on the country itself, I believe that the use of alternative energy should be
encouraged for a variety of benefits.
On the one hand, it is evident that the use of renewable sources of energy brings about immense benefits for a country and
its citizens. The most obvious impact of this type of power is its minimal impact on the environment, especially when
pollution is becoming an alarming problem nowadays . According to a large body of research, alternative energy sources
release much less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than non-renewable ones, which helps us to protect the nature.
Another advantage of using renewable energy is in its name – it is renewable, which means that it will not run out. While
fossil fuels might run out in 40-60 years, the sun will always shine, the wind will always blow, and the Earth will always
have geothermal energy.
On the other hand, there are many compelling reasons why many people oppose the idea of using carbon-free energy
sources. First, this type of energy is extremely expensive to produce and store and the scheme is not feasible in less
developed countries. Another problem of green resources would definitely be its availability. Clean energy is renewable –
but it is not available 24/7. The wind may not blow for many days. The sun may be shining today, but may not tomorrow.
In conclusion, I believe the positive impacts of green energy is far more significant than its drawbacks. While there are
real challenges that we need to overcome, recent advancement of technologies promises that the universal adoption of
clean energy will soon become a reality.
Đề 4: Some people say that protecting the environment is the government’s responsibility. Others believe that every
individual should be responsible for it. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
- Government:
+ invest money, time and effort in the environmental protection-> develop renewable sources of energy
+ enforce laws on the conservation of the nature
For example: punish people who illegally deforest or hunt wild animals for their fur, horns and skin
Carry out cycling schemes instead of using vehicles which run on petrol
- Individuals:
+ change their lifestyle
Use eco-friendly containers instead of using plastic bags
Turn off the lights before going out to save electricity
Classify trash
Use public transportation instead of private cars
Recycle paper
Reuse empty bottles
Bài viết hoàn chỉnh
People have different views about the environmental protection. While it is argued that some measures should be
taken by either the government or the individuals, I believe that both citizens and the state officials should join
hands to protect the nature.
(In spite of the importance of the nature to humankind, we are destroying the environment around us day by day.
While a school of thought holds that it is the government that is responsible for addressing the environmental
problems, I would contend that both individuals and the state officials should join hands to protect the
environment)
On the one hand, there are a number of compelling reasons why the goverments should take necessary measures
to save our planet. Most of the current environmental matters such as air pollution, water contamination and
global warming result from the production and consumption of fossil fuels. By investing money, time and effort
in the development of alternative sources of energy like solar energy, wind power and tidal energy, the
government can make huge contribution to tackling environmental issues. Moreover, the state officials can
enforce numerous laws to prevent others from doing harm to the nature. For example, by strictly punishing the
inviduals who illegally deforest or hunt wild animals and carrying out the cycling schemes instead of using
vehicles which run on petrol, the authorities can raise their citizens’ awareness about the importance of nature
preservation.
On the other hand, in addition to the help of the government, every person in our society should take action to
make our world greener. People can make an enormous difference with simple changes in their lifestyle such as
using eco-friendly containers rather than employing plastic bags, turning off lights before going out to save
electricity, classifying trash and recycling paper. Furthermore, we should use public transportation to replace
private cars or become volunteers taking part in campaigns regarding environmental conservation.
 In conclusion, environmental protection is an essential responsibility that must be taken by not only the
government but also individuals.
TOPIC 3: FAMILY
Đề 1: People in many countries are spending less time with their family. What are the reasons, and effects of this?
There is no doubt that family plays an integral part in each individual life. However, with the development of
societies and technologies, people are spending less time with their beloved. This essay will outline the
underlying reasons and immense effects of this tendency.
Reasons
- Hectic work and study schedules
- The advancement of modern technology
Effect
- Individual: increase distance among family members
- Society: not take care of children or spouse-> social problems such as …..

Writing task 2
Task 2: Today, TV channels provide man’s sport shows more than women’s sport shows, why? Should TV channels give
equal time for women’s sport and men’s sport?

Task 2: Some people think spoken communication is more powerful than written communication. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
Task 2: Nowadays it is not only large companies that can make films. Digital technology enables anyone to produce
films. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
Task 2: Some people think that mental strength is the most important factor for success in sports. However, some others
believe that it is more important to have strong and fit people. Discuss both views and give your opinions.
Task 2: People are having more and more sugar-based drinks. What are the reasons? What are the solutions to make
people drink less.
Task 2: The use of social media is replacing face-to-face interaction among many people in society. Do you think the
advantages outweigh the advantages?
Task 2: Some people believe that reading stories from a book is better than watching TV or playing computer games for
children. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Task 2: Online shopping is increasing dramatically. How could this trend affect our environment and the kinks of jobs
required?
Task 2: Some people argue job satisfaction is more important than job security. Others believe a permanent job is more
important. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Task 2: Some people think news has no connection to people’s lives. So then it is a waste of time to read the newspaper
and watch television news programs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Task 2: Advertisements are becoming more and more common in everyday life. Is it a positive or negative development?
Task 2: Watching a live performance such as a play, concert, or sporting event is more enjoyable than watching the same
event on television. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Task 2: Environmental protection is the responsibility of politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too little. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
Many people are travelling to other countries. Why? Is it a positive or negative development?
Task 2: In today’s world, private companies rather than the government pay for and conduct most scientific research. Do
you think the advantages outweigh disadvantages?
Task 2: Today parents spend little free time with their children. Why is it the case? Who are more affected: parents or
children?
Task 2: The government should spend more money on medical research to protect citizens’ health rather than on
protecting the environment. Do you agree or disagree?
Task 2: Nowadays , women as well as men work full time. Therefore, women and men should share household tasks
equally. ( eg cleaning and looking after children ).To what extent do you agree or disagree?
BODY

- Introduction: Viết lại đề bài theo 1 cách khác ( từ đồng nghĩa, bị động, mệnh đề quan hệ)
Đưa ra quan điểm
- Body: 2 đoạn ( luận điểm, phan tich, ví dụ)
- Conclusion: giống introduction ( viết theo hướng khác)
I. Introduction

 There is no doubt that family plays an integral part in each individual life. In several countries, there is an
increasing tendency to conduct research into the origin of one’s own family. There are a variety of reasons for this
trend and I believe this development brings about many positive impacts.
In some parts of the world= In several countries/ nations
It is becoming popular to V= there is an increasing tendency to V
Research (v)= conduct research into/ carry out research into
History= origin
Why might people want to do this= There are a variety of reasons for this trend
Is it a positive or negative development? = I believe/ In my opinion/ in my view/ from my point of view this development
brings about many positive impacts.
People have different views about the relation between the environment and technology. Although it is argued that it is
necessary for people to live more simply in order to tackle this dilemma, I believe these problems can be solved by
making use of technology.
Nowadays/ These days
Developments of technology (sự phát triển) = The advance of modern technology (sự tiến bộ)= The advent of modern
technology (sự xuất hiện)
Have brought= have caused
Various= a range of (1 loạt)= a variety of (nhiều, đa dạng)= a large number of (1 số lượng lớn)
Environmental problems= environmental issues= issues regarding/ concerning the environment.
Some believe that= It is argued that ( người ta cho rằng, tranh luận rằng)
People need to live simpler lives= It is necessary/ important for people to live more simply
It is + adj + (for sb) + to V
to solve these problems= to tackle/ address this dilemma
problems= issues= this dilemma
tackle= solve= deal with= cope with= address
I believe these problems can be solved by making use of technology

Cycling= riding a bicycle

Is more environmentally friendly = is a better way to protect the environment
Than other forms of transport= than other types of vehicles.
It is not popular in many places= Not many people prefer using this means of transport in many places.
Why is it not popular= There are a variety of reasons for unpopularity
How to increase its popularity = some solutions could be proposed to promote the usage of bicycles.
Riding a bike is clearly a better way to protect the environment than other types of vehicles. However, not many people
are willing to use this means of transport in many places. This essay will demonstrate a variety of reasons for its
unpopularity and outline some solutions to promote the usage of bicycles.

People have different views about talent and the ways to become leaders. While some people believe that there are
individuals having in-born/ innate ability to be leaders, I would argue that leadership is something we need to learn.
I would argue that= I believe= I think= I am of the opinion that
Individuals are born to be leaders= there are individuals who have in-born ability to be leaders
Leadership can be learnt = leadership is something we need to learn

Nowadays, in several parts of the world, there is a lack of students who choose to study science in universities and
colleges. There are a variety of reasons for this trend and this problem can cause some negative impacts on society
Nowadays
In many countries= In several parts of the world
Not enough students are choosing to study science subject= there is a lack of students who choose to study science in
universities and colleges.
What are the causes= There are a variety of reasons for this trend
And what will be effects on society= And this problem can cause some negative impacts on society.
Negative= adverse
Effects on = Impacts on= Influences on
Positive effects= benefits= advantages
These days, there is an increasing tendency for people to have babies when they get older. There are a variety of reasons
for this trend and it can bring about a range of effects on society and family life.
Nowadays= these days
More and more people= there is an increasing tendency for people
To have children later in their life= to have babies when they get older

People have different opinions/ views about success. While some believe that luck is the most important factor
contributing to a person’s achievement, I would argue that effort, wisdom and determination are the keys to success.
Achieve their aims= succeed (v)
Achievement= success (n)

There is an increasing tendency for celebrities to assist international aid organizations. While some think that those
famous people help to attract public attention to crucial issues, I would argue that they can make the problems become
less important.
Famous people= celebrities= stars= idols
Help= assist= support
Draw attention= attract public attention
Important = crucial
Problems= issues

People have different views about noise. While it is argued that everyone has their freedom to make as much noise as they
like, I am of the opinion that noise should be controlled strictly due to its devastate impacts on individuals and society.

Task 2: Today, TV channels provide man’s sport shows more than women’s sport shows, why? Should TV channels give
equal time for women’s sport and men’s sport?
 It is undeniable that exercise and sports play an important role in our daily life. However, there are fewer
women’s sport shows than those for men. This essay will discuss a variey of reasons for this trend and I believe
that an equal amount of time should be given to both males’ and female’s sport.
Task 2: Some people think spoken communication is more powerful than written communication. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
 With the development of our society, there are many forms of communication, including both spoken and written
ones. It is argued that/ A school of thought holds that spoken communication is better than written one. I only
 agree with this way of thinking to a certain extent and believe that both kinds have their own advantages and
disadvantages.
Task 2: Nowadays it is not only large companies that can make films. Digital technology enables anyone to produce
films. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
 The development of technology has facilitated human’s life in all aspects including medicine, education, movies
and so on. It is argued that digital technology enables not only large organizations but also individuals to make
films. I think this trend has both positive and negative effects.
Task 2: Some people think that mental strength is the most important factor for success in sports. However, some others
believe that it is more important to have strong and fit people. Discuss both views and give your opinions.

Task 2: People are having more and more sugar-based drinks. What are the reasons? What are the solutions to make
people drink less.
 In our modern society, people are consuming more food and drinks containing a large amount of sugar than ever
before. This habit does harm to people’s health seriously. There are many underlying reasons for this tendency
and this essay will discuss some measures which can be taken to reduce the sugar consumption.
Task 2: The use of social media is replacing face-to-face interaction among many people in society. Do you think the
advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
 With the development of technology, there is an increasing tendency for people to communicate through social
network instead of face-to-face interaction. In my opinion, the benefits of this trend overshadow the negative
impacts.
Task 2: Some people believe that reading stories from a book is better than watching TV or playing computer games for
children. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
 It is argued that it is better for kids to read stories from a book than watching TV or playing games online. I agree
with this way of thinking to a certain extent and believe that both kinds of approaches have their own advantages
and disadvantages.

Task 2: Online shopping is increasing dramatically. How could this trend affect our environment and the kinds of jobs
required?
 With the development of techonology and social network, there is an increasing tendency for people to buy things
online instead of going to physical stores. This trend has both benefits and negative impacts on our environment
and the types of jobs involved.
Task 2: Some people argue job satisfaction is more important than job security. Others believe a permanent job is more
important. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
 In our modern society, there are many factors which affect people’s choice of jobs, including payment, working
environment, promotion prospects and so on. It is argued that/ A school of thought holds that having a passion for
a specific kind of job is more important tan job security, I believe that both of these aspects are of equal importance to a
person’s success.
Task 2: Some people think news has no connection to people’s lives. So then it is a waste of time to read the newspaper
and watch television news programs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
 In our modern society, people can update the information through various souces such as magazines, television
programmes, Internet and so on. It is argue that there is no need for us to read the newspaper or watch TV because
news is not related to people’s lives. I completely disagree with this way of thinking and believe that it is
necessary for everyone to update the information on a daily basis.
Task 2: Advertisements are becoming more and more common in everyday life. Is it a positive or negative development?
 In our modern society, people can see various kinds of adverts on a daily basis. In my opinion, this development
has both benefits and negative impacts on indivisuals and society.
Task 2: Watching a live performance such as a play, concert, or sporting event is more enjoyable than watching the same
event on television. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
  It is argued that it is more exciting for people to attend a live performance than watching programmes on
television. I agree with this way of thinking to a certain extent and believe that both kinds of entertainment have
their own strengths and drawbacks.
Task 2: Environmental protection is the responsibility of politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too little. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
Politicians- government- authorities- officials
 It is argued that only the government has responsibility for the environmental preservation because not much can
be done by normal people. I completely disagree with this way of thinking and believe that both authorities and
individuals should join hands to protect the nature.
Task 2: Many people are travelling to other countries. Why? Is it a positive or negative development?
 In our modern society, there is an increasing tendency for people to visit other nations. There are many underlying
reasons for this trend and I believe that it has both benefits and drawbacks on individuals, society and
environment.
Task 2: In today’s world, private companies rather than the government pay for and conduct most scientific research. Do
you think the advantages outweigh disadvantages?
Task 2: Today parents spend little free time with their children. Why is it the case? Who are more affected: parents or
children?
Task 2: The government should spend more money on medical research to protect citizens’ health rather than on
protecting the environment. Do you agree or disagree?
Task 2: Nowadays , women as well as men work full time. Therefore, women and men should share household tasks
equally. ( eg cleaning and looking after children ).To what extent do you agree or disagree?
BODY

Body 1:
- Luận điểm: bao quát toàn bộ đoạn văn
Some believe that people need to live simpler lives to solve environmental problems
- Luận cứ: Lập luận để support cho luận điểm
+ Walk or cycle instead of driving cars-> reduce exhausted fumes which cause air pollution.
+ Reduce the consumption (sự tiêu thụ) of electricity -> decrease the exploitation (khai thác) of natural resources
- Examples: The annual event called Earth Hour (everyone is asked to turn off the lights for 60 minutes)
Many cycling movements (phong trào) and foot racing activities in a variety of countries such as
Vietnam, United States, China and so on.

Body 2:
- Luận điểm: Others believe technology is the way to solve these problems.
- Luận cứ:
+ Technology helps to create electricity and energy by using renewable (có thể tái tạo) resources.
+ Invent modern machinery (máy móc) and facilities (cơ sơ vật chất, trang thiêt bị) to recycle materials (paper/
glass/ plastic)-> reduce waste disposal (vứt bỏ)
- Example : Many developed countries have built plants which use solar, wind and hydro sources of energy

Body 1:
- Luận điểm: Reasons
- Luận cứ
 + Have more time to pursue their career and accumulate enough money-> ensure a better quality of life for their
children
+ Have more time to enjoy life and experience new things.
- Example: It is easier for a young couple to travel when they do not have a baby to nurture/ take care of.
Body 2:
- Luận điểm: Effects on society and family life

+ Family life: people who get married at the early stage of their career or at the age of under 23 have lower income
compared to those having babies later in their life who can give their children better education and living standard.
+ Cause significant age gap between two generations -> make it harder for parents to understand and communicate
with their offspring (con cái)
+ Society: The babies being born might be less physically healthy -> negative impacts on the quality of future
workforce if many people decide to follow this trend
- Example: According to many studies, the older the mother is, the higher the probability of premature birth ( sinh
non) and problems related to brain development are.
Note:
 children= kids= offspring
 Related to= regarding= concerning (có liên quan tới)
 Premature birth: sinh non
 Living standard= life quality= the quality of life: tiêu chuân chat lượng cuộc sống
 Nurture= take care of= look after= bring up.
 Càng càng: the + adj/ adv so sánh hơn + S 1 + V1 + the + adj/ adv so sánh hơn + S 2+ V2
She eats more. She is fatter-> The more she eats, the fatter she is

Body 1:
- Luận điểm: Reasons
- Luận cứ:

+ People are curious about their ancestors and the roles they played in the society
+ Meaningful family activities such as searching antiques, storytelling -> strengthen the relationship
among family members
- Example: One’s great grandfather was a member of a royal family or a brave hero-> make people proud of their
origins.
Body 2:
- Luận điểm: Positive or negative development
- Luận cứ:
+ Useful for medical research -> find out genetic diseases and ways for treatment
+ Positive: Value family’s origin and tradition, pay respect to the people who gave birth to and brought us up and
change our attitude towards life positively.
Example: Knowing the hardship our ancestors experienced and endurance (bên bỉ) encourages us to overcome
difficulties at present.
+ adverse effects people’s attitude in life:
Example: a person with a noble origin may become arrogant, a descendant of a criminal may be ashamed and lose
his confidence
 Curios: tò mò
 Ancestor: tổ tiên
 Role : vai trò
 Antiques: đồ cổ
 Strengthen= build up the relationship
 Hardship sự khó khan, vât vả
  Value: trân trọng
 Pay respect to: tôn trọng
 Noble: quý tộc
 Arrogant: kiêu căng
 Descendant: Hậu duệ
 Genetic diseases: bệnh di truyền
 Treatment: chữa trị

Body 1:
- Luận điểm: Why is it not popular in many places
- Luận cứ:
+ Since modern life is getting much busier than in the past, people nowadays want to spend little time on transport
-> use cars, motorbikes, trains instead
+ Cycling is more physically demanding and inconvenient-> discourage people from riding a bike
- Example: Cycling is not an ideal option on a hot or sunny day when people have to travel a long distance.
Body 2:
- Luận điểm: How to increase its popularity
- Luận cứ:
+ Launch campaigns (đưa ra chiến dịch) to raise citizens’ awareness of harmful effects of cars and motorbikes on
the environment and benefits of cycling to people’s physical health.
+ Make it more costly to own a motorbike or a car by increasing the price of petrol or tax on these vehicles
+ Improve the quality of bicycles -> make them more convenient, faster ad safer to use
- Example: Many cycling movements (phong trào) in a variety of countries such as Vietnam, United States, China and
so on.

Body 1:
- Luận điểm: Causes
- Luận cứ:
+ Science subjects are difficult and demanding -> require much effort and time
+ There are few job opportunities in science areas/fields -> choose other subjects such as economics, business or
languages
- Example: Many students hardly have any free time because of too many experiments and projects.
Body 2:
- Luận điểm: Effects on society
- Luận cứ:
+ The shortage of employees working in this field -> fewer technological, economic and scientific developments
+ Too many students choose to study business or economics while job vacancies are limited -> unemployment
problems
- Example: It would be difficult for a country to invent newer smartphones with better functions or produce medicine
for treating serious diseases
The only reason to work hard is to earn money. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In our modern society, there is a tendency for people to spend much of their time working rather than doing other
activities. While it is argued the only reason why one works hard is to make money, I believe that people should be hard-
working not only for financial issues but also for other purposes.
Firstly, in addition to money, people should choose a job based on their interest and passion, which make them enjoy life
more. If young people have a career which they do not like, they are more likely to feel depressed and even suffer from
mental illnesses. On the other hand, when they are satisfied and content with the job chosen, the work will no longer be a
burden and youngsters will face no pressure while at work. For instance, a survey carried out by Oxford University
researchers concluded that the people who enjoy their jobs are happier and ten times less likely to be low-spirited than the
people who do not like their jobs.
The second reason why money is not the only target for young people to be hard- working is people’s own success and the
contribution made to an organization they work for. Obviously, when youngsters could have a profession that they love,
they will take it seriously as well as have energy and motivation to stick to it for a long time. As a result, they could get a
lot of achievements and chances of promotion at work, which eventually lead to their life succes and financial reward. For
example, if a person do not enjoy being a lawyer and is only there for the money, he will find himself not motivated
enough to do the job. This could cause his bad performance as a lawyer, which could make them lose the job and the
income from it.
To conclude, although money is one of the most important factors when picking up a job, the young should find the work
they love so that they will be happier and more successful in the future.

Some people say that increasing fuel costs could reduce environmental problems, do you agree or disagree?
In spite of the importance of the nature to humankind, we are destroying the environment around us day by day. Although
a school of thought holds that the best way to solve global environmental problems is to raise the fuel cost, I would argue
against this opinion as there are alternative and better solutions to this issue.
On the one hand, the world’s environmental problems can partly be solved by raising fuel costs. It cannot be denied that
vehicles and factories, especially ones in large cities around the world are mainly using fossil fuels such as coal, gas, oil
and so on, which releases an enormous amount of carbon dioxide into the air and toxic chemicals into water sources.
Introducing tax on fuel can stop people from driving or using non-renewable energy and therefore decrease the release of
carbon dioxide as well as poisonous substance. For example, in France, the government charges a tax on any amount of
fuel used to fill up cars, which led to a significant drop in greenhouse gas emissions since that tax was enacted.
On the other hand, I do not think raising fuel costs is the best solution. These problems are too big to be solved by just
raising fuel costs. Another solution is to promote clean energy sources. Renewable sources such as wind, solar and wave
are also good at dealing with the world’s environmental issues as they don’t produce much greenhouse gases. A large
body of research shows that some countries in the world namely Singapore, Philipine are dependent on renewable power
to meet their needs and they are successful in addressing global environmental matters.
In conclusion, in addition to raising fuel costs, we should use other solutions such as promoting alternative power to tackle
the world’s environmental problems.
08/11/2022
Nowadays young people are admiring media and sports stars, even though they do not set a good example. Do you think
this is a positive or negative development?

There is currently a tendency for adolescents to admire celebrities even though they are not perfect role models to follow.
In my view, although being a fan of a media or sports star may bring about a number of benefits, this could be seen as
negative trend.
On the one hand, having great admiration for well-known athletes and entertainers might have positive effects on
teenagers. First of all, the talents and achievements of media and sport idols could inspire young people to develop their
potential abilities. For example, my brother is a big fan of Michael Phelps, so he practices swimming everyday and has
achieved a lot of gold medals at his school. Secondly, youngsters who take part in fan clubs of their idols could be
provided with more opportunities to make friends with like-minded people. As a result, they would have a rich social life.

On the other hand, idolising celebrities who are not excellent role models could result in negative effects. One reason for
this view is that young adults tend to spend a lot of time following what their idols do or where they would go. This may
distract them from studying at school and they could a bad academic results. Furthermore, young adults who are not
mature enough to judge what is suitable and proper within society , they may copy their idols’ bad behaviors such as
smoking, drinking alcohol or even drugs, resulting in spoiling young people’s health and future life.

In conclusion, although supporters can be inspired by the talents of sport and media stars, their bad behaviors could have
bad influences on the youth. Therefore, I certainly hold the view that it is a negative trend.
As well as making money, businesses also have social responsibilities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
It is argued that businesses have many important responsibilities towards societal issues along with making money. I
completely agree with this way of thinking that corporations should be working on tackling socio-economic problems and
should not only concentrate on making money.
Corporations have always been inclined towards making money. It is true that the money is fundamentally important to
gain financial success. If companies or associates do not work hard to increase profitability, they would not be able to
compete in the market or give more and more employment facilities to people, and eventually help eradicate poverty. In
addition, without earning enough money, businesses cannot even invest in raising social values.
On the other hand, companies should not be run with the sole aim of maximising profit; they have a wider role to play in
society. One social obligation that owners and managers have is to treat their employees well, rather than exploit them.
For example, they could pay a “living wage” to ensure that workers have a good quality of life. I also like the idea that
businesses could use a proportion of their profits to support local charities, environmental projects or education initiatives.
Finally, instead of trying to minimise their tax payments, I believe that company bosses should be happy to contribute to
society through the tax system.
In conclusion, while successful and profitable businesses are fundamentally important to boost economy by generating
revenues through earning more profit, I believe that companies should place as much importance on their social
responsibilities as they do on their financial objectives.
Solving environmental problems should be the responsibility of one international organization rather than each national
government. Do you agree or disagree?

It is believed that figuring out the solution to the environmental issue would be an obligation of one international
organization. Although this way of thinking seems to be valid to a certain extent, I argue that both governments and
international organizations should act together to save our world.

On the one hand, there are some reasons why many ideas support that international bodies should be responsible for all
phenomena of the world. In the first place, the international organization would be the one to unify and give the most
reasonable opinion if there is no agreement between national governments on global problems. In the second place,
international environmental agencies such as the Global Environment Facility can provide insight and advanced
technology. In fact, not all countries are sufficiently developed to make the right decisions when investing in technology,
which is why they need accurate advice from
international organizations to progress their areas.

On the other hand, I believe that environmental responsibilities should be divided equally among all governments of each
country, not just for international bodies. First, the national administration could freely enact the legislations to address
many green issues, which could not be seen in an international group. For example, Vietnamese official authorities have
applied Carbon tax on many manufacturing factories, thereby curbing the concentration of pollutant particles especially
carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere. Second, the national government could take advantage of the mainstream
media to inform citizens about the negative consequences of environmental problems and subsequently raise their
awareness of environment protection. For instance, due to some programmes designed to alert people about some
respiratory diseases stemming from climate change, there is a rise in the number of Vietnamese people participating in
some tree-planting campaigns to restore damaged forests, contributing remarkably to the environmental rehabilitation of
the nation.
In conclusion, although it is said that the duty of protecting the environment should fall to one international organization
instead of governments, I argue that this phenomenon should be handled together to get
the enormous effects.

Đề 1: Some people believe that no one should do the same job for all their working life. Others argue that doing the same
job brings advantages for individuals, companies and society. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Dàn ý:

1. Career changes can benefit employees in many ways.

- Job hoppers can have chance of practising diverse skills and gaining expansive knowledge in various fields->
becoming a flexible person who can address different issues and meet requirements in any work context.
- Individuals who change jobs will often be less likely to be jobless, as their diverse skill set can be applied in any
post/ position.
2. Working constantly in one post has numerous positive effects
- Being loyal to a position means that their incentives(khích lệ) are high, including seniority bonuses(thưởng thâm
niên) as well as labor insurance.
- Having faithful staff can help companies cut training costs and save a lot of time to find new employees as well as
avoid problems that can arise from newcomers who lack experience.

Bài mẫu:

People hold different views about career changes. While it is argued that changing jobs can be beneficial to a certain
extent, I believe that being in the same position for the whole life is more advantageous to both the individual and the
employer.

On the one hand, doing many different jobs can benefit employees in many ways. First, job hoppers can have chance of
practising diverse skills and gaining expansive knowledge in various fields. As a result, job seekers can become flexible
individuals who can address different issues and meet requirements in any work context. Moreover, those who change
jobs will often be less likely to be jobless as their diverse skill set can be applied in any post. For instance, during the
Covid-19 pandemic and economic crisis, people who had additional knowledge in a field different from their existing job
can find new positions without difficulties when personnel reduction took place.

On the other hand, working constantly in one post has numerous positive effects for both employees and companies. On
individual level, being loyal to a position means that their incentives are high, including seniority bonuses as well as labor
insurance. As for companies, having faithful staff can help companies cut training costs, save a lot of time to find new
employees and avoid problems that can arise from newcomers who lack experience. For example, if the company hires an
accountant who does not have enough working experience, she can make calculation mistakes, which can cause financial
damage and loss of money for the employer.

In conclusion, while jumping between jobs can help job seekers broaden their skill set, I am of the opinion that working in
one position constantly can bring about a range of positive impacts on both the employees and the employers.

Đề 2: Directors of large companies often receive much bigger salary increases than ordinary workers. Employers'
organizations say that in global market this is necessary to attract the best management talent. What are your views?

Comes with: đi kèm

Involves+ N: kéo theo

Under a lot of pressure: chịu áp lức

A large amount of= an enormous amount of+ N không đêm được= a lot of+ N

 Body 1: TOTALLY AGREE

People have different views about jobs and money. While it is argued that there should be no difference in salary
among all the workers of the company, I believe it is necessary for directors of an organisation to get bigger salary
increases than junior level staff for many reasons.

As being directors of large companies comes with a lot of responsibilities, they often work under an enormous amount of
pressure. Top managers are the decision-makers who run the organization and these managers, not the regular staff,
are those who are responsible for any failure resulting from their decisions. Moreover, they are always in charge of
looking for new ideas and implementing those ideas so that the company earns profits. They are even at the higher risk of
getting fired if anything goes wrong. Due to the significant role senior managers play in a company, and the stress
they suffer as a result of this, it is reasonable for them to get better salaries. For example, the branch manager of a
company is responsible for overseeing the operations of the entire branch, whereas a junior level employee only has to
take care of their respective job/ (For example, a customer care employee is only in charge of answering the queries of
customers, and they do not have responsibility if a product or service fails in the market. On the other hand, a production
head, has to be responsive to the executives above him if a particular product fails)
Other reasons why directors of large companies deserve bigger pay rise are their huge effort, great contribution to the
organisations and the guarantee of the company productivity. In order to be able to occupy such positions, an employee
needs to have years of experience and degrees from top prestigious institutions, which requires constant persistence
and involves a lot of time and money. In addition, this policy can create a strong incentive for employees to work
and contribute to their company. This, in turn, increases the productivity of the organisation. If there is no difference in
the amount of money being paid between senior officers and other workers, very few people will likely do their best at
work to get promoted. For instance, according to a body of research into a number of Vietnamese companies, most junior
level workers reported that the higher wage is one of the most important factor for them to get out of the bed early in the
morning to prepare for work (work harder) and get promotion to the positions as managers and CEOs.
In conclusion, I am of the opinion that the leaders of large firms should be given higher pay rise compared to the ordinary
workers because of their responsibity, their endeavor, their qualification and the labour productivity of the companies.

More and more people are becoming seriously overweight. Some people say that the price increase of fattening foods
will solve this problem. To what extend do you agree or disagree?

In this century, obesity is considered a global issue because of its consequences among people of all ages. It is argued that
the rise in the cost of fattening food would solve this problem and I totally agree with this way of thinking.

First and foremost, the increase in food price makes people less affordable to eat out. It is a known fact that children are
the major victims of obesity. The rise in the rate of street food would make the kids stop or eat less as they have minimal
pocket money. Therefore, they become less addicted to the taste and overcome the habit of consuming junk food in the
long run. For adults, more expensive food would make them think twice before spending a large amount of money from
their hard-earned savings.
Secondly, the growth in the cost of fast food can influence consumers’ behavior and encourage people to find more
reasonable healthy food, leading to the reduction in obesity rate. By making unhealthy food more expensive, people begin
to eat more home-cooked food in order to save money or choose healthier alternatives, such as fruits and vegetables.
Consequently, they realize the real benefits of wholesome food, which indirectly creates a healthy eating habit. For
instance, if a bottle of soda containing a lot of sugar costs twice as much as a bottle of water, people may be motivated to
select the water instead.

To conclude, the surge in the price of fast foods brings about positive effect for a healthier world due to the lack of
affordability and people’s recognition of the value of healthy diet.

If old people are no longer physically, mentally or financially able to support themselves, younger family members
should be legally responsible for supporting them. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
It is argued that young people should take responsibility for providing support for their elderly relatives who face
physical, mental and financial problems. I mostly agree with this way of thinking because this policy will ensure the
elderly’s general well-being as well as creating a caring society besides the existing social welfare system.
The underlying reason why people need to take care of their old family members who are unable to support themselves is
that this law will protect the safety and well-being of the elderly. If the government fails to introduce the law, old people
with physical, mental or financial troubles might be completely abandoned by their families. Many of them might
experience loneliness or become homeless, facing a high risk of being robbed or abused. In other words, their physical
and mental health can be seriously affected.
An additional reason to support my argument is that younger individuals who provide support for elderly family members
can contribute to the development of a harmonious society, in which virtues such as morality, care and respect are
protected and [Link], because the elderly have made significant contributions to the welfare of their
families over their lifetimes, they deserve support during their time of need. By establishing legal obligations, this ensures
that the elderly receive the essential care and financial assistance. For example, there are popular videos of a middle-aged
Vietnamese man who looks after and treats his mother very well. Those videos about their daily normal activities recieve
appreciation from all people and set a good example for others to follow.
However, I believe that it might be the social welfare system that should bear the responsibility of taking care of the
elderly. These individuals have contributed to the country’s economic development by paying various taxes, such as
income tax, which collectively provide the financial resources for the establishment of social welfare programs.
Therefore, it is important for these programs to be responsible for providing the necessary care for elderly individuals in
need.
In conclusion, besides social welfare programs, I believe that a law demanding younger people to look after seniors in
their families is necessary because it helps protect the old people from serious threats as well as promotes care and respect
in society.

The best way to solve traffic and transportation problems is to encourage people to live in cities rather than suburbs or
countryside. Do you agree or disagree?
These days, more and more people are living in cities, and the issue of traffic and transportation has been a considerable
concern in urban areas. It is argued that the most effective way to solve traffic and transportation problems is to encourage
people to relocate from the countryside to large cities. I disagree with this way of thinking since cities have already been
overcrowded and the increasing number of urban dwellers will worsen the situation.

On the one hand, encouraging people to live in cities rather than the suburbs or countryside seems to be an
infeasible solution due to the limited size of cities and the differences in people’s preferences for living areas. Cities are
usually smaller in size compared to the suburbs, making it impossible for urban areas to accommodate more people who
used to reside in suburban areas. Moreover, cities are already overpopulated and the increased population density could
put more strain on the transportation infrastructure, worsening the existing traffic problems. Furthermore, not all people
prefer to move from the suburbs and countryside to the cities because city life has a host of significant social problems
such as crime, diseases, robbery, drug abuse and pollution. For example, most cities in Vietnam are filled with cars, which
results in a great deal of traffic congestion. The exhaust fumes from these cars cause air pollution, and more people may
suffer from respiratory diseases such as asthma.

On the other hand, many individuals advocate for urban living as an ideal means to reduce traffic. By promoting
alternative modes of transportation such as walking, cycling, and public transportation, which are more readily available
and convenient in urban areas, traffic on roads will significantly reduced. This, in turn, would result in fewer cars on the
road, less traffic congestion, and a reduction in air pollution caused by automobiles.

To conclude, although encouraging individuals to reside in cities may lessen the traffic on roads, it is not the ideal solution
to the traffic and transportation problem. This is because it would result in cities becoming overpopulated. Therefore,
alternative solutions should be explored to effectively address/tackle/solve this issue.

To what extent you agree or disagree?

Sample Answer:

Nowadays, there is a debate over whether employers should pay attention to their employees’ dress code or not. Some
people think that employers should not be concerned with the way their employees dress, but rather should focus solely on
their quality of work. I, however, disagree with this opinion and believe that employers should pay close attention to the
way their staff dress.

To begin with, employees’ appearance could be an indication of the company’s image. For example, if an employee is
dressed in a nice suit, it can create a positive impression with customers and create an atmosphere of professionalism. On
the other hand, if the employee is wearing an inappropriate dress code, it can lead to a negative impression of the
company and damage their reputation. For this reason, employers should ensure that their staff are dressed appropriately
in order to maintain a good image.

Furthermore, employees’ dress code can affect the morale of their colleagues. If one employee is dressed inappropriately,
it can have a negative effect on other workers’ performance. For example, if one employee is wearing a t-shirt and jeans to
work, it can lead to other staff feeling that they can also dress casually and this could have a negative effect on their
productivity. A good dress code can help ensure that workers take their job seriously and remain focused on their tasks.

Finally, an employer should pay attention to the dress code of their staff in order to ensure that they are following the
company’s policies. A company could have a strict dress code policy that all employees must adhere to and if they do not
follow it, they could be disciplined or even dismissed. This is why employers should ensure that their staff are following
the company’s dress code in order to avoid any disciplinary action.

In conclusion, I believe that employers should pay close attention to the way their staff dress since it can have a positive
or a negative effect on the company’s image, the morale of the staff and in order to ensure that the company’s policies are
followed.

Some people think employers should not care about the way their employees dress, but the quality at work

Nowadays, there is a debate over whether employers should pay attention to their employees’ dress code or not. Some
people think that employers should not be concerned with the way their employees dress, but rather should focus solely on
their quality of work. I, however, disagree with this opinion and believe that employers should pay close attention to the
way their staff dress.

The main reason why employers should not care about the way their employees dress is the quality of their employees'
work. When employers prioritize work performance over dress code, they create an environment where employees can
focus on their tasks without unnecessary distractions. For example, in the tech industry, companies like Apple have
adopted a more relaxed dress code, allowing employees to wear casual attire. This approach has contributed to a culture of
innovation, where employees feel comfortable to generate ideas. By emphasizing work quality over attire, companies like
Apple have demonstrated that allowing employees to dress comfortably can lead to enhanced creativity and productivity.

However, in my opinion, that employers control what their staff are wearing will lead to positive effects for both
individuals and the whole company. Employees’ appearance could be an indication of the company’s image. For
example, if an employee is dressed in a nice suit, it can create a positive impression with customers and create an
atmosphere of professionalism. On the other hand, if the employee is wearing an inappropriate dress code, it can lead to a
negative impression of the company and damage their reputation. For this reason, employers should ensure that their staff
are dressed appropriately in order to maintain a good image. Furthermore, employees’ dress code can affect the morale of
their colleagues. If one employee is dressed inappropriately, it can have a negative effect on other workers’ performance.
For example, if one employee is wearing a t-shirt and jeans to work, it can lead to other staff feeling that they can also
dress casually and this could have a negative effect on their productivity. A good dress code can help ensure that workers
take their job seriously and remain focused on their tasks.

In conclusion, I believe that employers should pay close attention to the way their staff dress since it can have a positive
or a negative effect on the company’s image, the morale of the staff and in order to ensure that the company’s policies are
followed.
Some people think that newspapers are the best way to get news. However, others
believe that they can get news better through another media platform.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

People hold different views about the importance of various news sources. While it is
argued that reading newspapers is the most effective way to receive news, I believe that
it is no longer the best way to get the news thanks to the proliferation of online news
sources.

On the one hand, there are underlying reasons why newspapers still hold the most
popular position among newsreaders even though we are living in a digital world. Firstly,
since newspapers have existed long before the introduction of the internet, most senior
citizens have developed a habit of reading a newspaper every day, and they do not want
to change this habit. Secondly, newspapers are considered a more reliable source of
information compared to other sources nowadays. This is because newspapers are
usually written by professional journalists, and are thoroughly checked, edited and
censored prior to their publication.

On the other hand, the Internet has become an increasingly dominant news source these
days due to the benefits it offers. The first thing that attracts people to reading news
online is its easy access. It is convenient because we can update information whenever
and wherever we want. With the development of the technology, people with portable
devices, such as a smartphone, a tablet and a laptop can access a great deal of news in
just a few clicks. Furthermore, online news channels have brought a greater reading
experience to readers, thanks to the constant advancement in technology. It is possible
to upload videos and audio recordings online. For instance, soccer fans these days can
re-watch their favourite matches whenever they want with only a laptop connected to
the Internet, which a mere newspaper cannot do.

In conclusion, although I do agree that printed newspapers are very popular among
certain groups of people, I disagree that it is the best way to receive the news as more
and more people are drawn to using the Internet.

The best way for a government to prepare for the future is to invest in young people. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?

A school of thought holds that investing in young generations is the best way to prepare for the future. Although this
way of thinking is valid to some extent, I believe that it is important to balance the needs of both the young and the
elderly in society.

Young individuals play a significant role in social progress and solving national problems. They form the future
workforce and potential leaders of a nation. By providing them with education and development opportunities, they
can contribute positively to society. They can secure well-paying jobs, start businesses, pay taxes, and contribute to
economic growth. Additionally, they can channel their energy and knowledge into addressing pressing social issues
like poverty and unemployment. Moreover, young people are creative and they can quickly adapt to digital
innovation. Their adaptability and familiarity with technology make them adept at using and creating technological
advancements. Science, technology, and innovation in education are useful tools which help the workforce in
general and the young in particular to enhance a country’s global competitiveness and attract foreign investments.

However, it’s important not to neglect the elderly. They bring a wealth of experience and specialized knowledge.
They can mentor younger employees, ensuring consistent training and skill improvement, contributing to a well-
educated workforce that drives long-term development. Many seniors also have the time and willingness to
participate in community activities, promoting social association and supporting public services.

In conclusion, investing in young people is vital for a nation’s growth, but a balanced approach that supports both
the young and the elderly leads to greater economic and social stability.

Task 2: International travel is becoming cheaper, and countries are opening their doors to
more and more tourists. Do the advantages of increased tourism outweigh the
disadvantages?

Advantages/ Benefits/ positive impacts

- Opening up numerous opportunities for government and individuals of the country by

enhancing its economy. As tourists pay money to use different kinds of services during
their visit such as transportation, accommodation, entertainment facilities, medical
services, the country would gain more income from tourism industry.
- This trend opens up business opportunities and create more jobs for local people. As a
result, individuals’ life standard could be improved and unemployment as well as crime
rates would be reduced.
- Travelling overseas is also a chance of cultural exchange. When exploring alien cultures,
experiencing new things and meeting various kinds of people, both tourists and the locals
can absorb more knowledge and enlarge their horizons.

For example: When meeting and talking to foreigners who come to visit Vietnam, many
Vietnamese children can pick up English more easily and speak this language fluently.

Drawbacks/ detrimental influences

- This phenomenon do harm to the environment and landscapes of the country. A number
of individuals destroy buildings, monuments or equipment of the place they visit, which is
called vandalism. Besides, they unconciously release rubbish or toxic substances into the
nature, damaging the atmostphere and water sources.
- Some “bad” cultures have been brought into the country where tourism develops such as
drug abuse or torturing wild animals.
- When a country decides to develop tourism industrym they have to invest a large amount
of funding into repairing or upgrading the facilities. It is a waste of money because the
budget can be used to address/ tackle other urgent problems such as poverty, natural
disaster and wild animal protection.

In conclusion, tourism not only create ideal opportunities for individuals and governments
but also lead to detrimental influences. The authorities should take measures to deal with

problems arising so that this industry become the nation’s strength instead of a dilema.

Task 2: Some people think that the government should spend money on supporting
cultural activities such as music, theater or art. Others think this is a waste of money.
Discuss both views and give your opinion

- Government should invest money on music and art.

 + Many customs and cultures of a country are reflected through songs and works of art.
Developing those aspects is a way to preserve traditional beauty and heritage for young
generations.

+ A large number of people are interested in music and art. Investing money on those
areas attract tourists from many places all over the world-> boost the country’s economy,
create jobs for local people, reduce crime rate.

+ As mental life is as important as money issue and physical health. Developing theatre,
art and music provides people with many means of entertainment-> help them to be
relaxed, optimistic and energetic to work, study or join in other activities.

+ Encourage talents in those areas, who represent the pride of the country.

For example, Korea is called an recreational nation because it invests a large amount of
money in this field and produce a lot of famous musicians, singers and actors. They bring
about high income for the country and attract a huge number of fans in the world.

- There are some reasons why many people think that investing money into art and music
is a waste of money. Because there are other urgent problems which need to be
addressed such as environmental pollution, crime rate, poverty, natural disaster and poor
medical services, time and money should be allocated to tackle those issues.
- Developing art and music involves in buy a range of equipment and upgrading facilities.
However, many of them have fallen into disuse and disrepair, which is a waste of money.

Task 2: Economic progress is often used to measure a country’s success. However, some
people believe that other factors are more important. What other factors should also be
considered when measuring a country’s success? Do you think one factor is more
important than others?

- There are some underlying reasons why economic progress is often used to measure a
country’s success. A wealthy nation will invest a huge amount of money into different
fields such as education, medical service, science and technology, which not only
improves its citizens’ life but also creates many talents and strong workforce. This in turn
encourages the development of that country.
- However, there are other factors much more important compared to the economy of the
nation. The first main factor is educational level. If the country has good schools and
prestigious universities, more people will have chances of going to school, practising their
skills and enhancing their knowledge. Producing a more educated workforce a civilized
society means it is easier for the management of the government and crime as well as
unemployment rates would be reduced.
- Another important issue we need to consider is fuel and energy. Heating, cooling, running
vehicles, cooking, lighting and so on are all basic demands of human beings and they
require the consumption of fuel. If those needs are met, there are less likely to be wars
among individuals as well as countries to get energy sources and risks of power crisis.
- Last but not least, health care,entertainment aspect and environment also play an
important role in the success of a country.
 - I believe all those elements are equally important because any problems related to one of
those aspects reduce the life quality of the inhabitants of that country. Therefore, the
authorities should allocate enough budget to all those fields to guarantee the overall well-
being of its residents.

Task 2: In many countries, a small number of people earn extremely high salaries. Some
people believe that this is good for the country, but others think that governments should not
allow salaries above a certain level. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Body 1: There many compelling reasons why governments should not allow salaries above a
certain level.

- Foster a sense of equality in terms of money and social status between the rich and the
poor.

+ Make people belonging to the lower class more confident and wealthy people less
arrogant-> create a harmonious environment and allow every individual to work together in
order to achieve better goals.

- Reducing the executives’ payment to a certain extent helps the company as well as the
authorities have more money to invest into other vital areas such as medical service,
education, environment, social welfare, animal protection and so on.

For example: In reality, there are many celebrities and rich people squanderring an enormous
amount of money on expensive items such as cars, bags or shoes to show off themselves on
the Internet. It is meaningless because that money can be given to the charity to help the
disabled and homeless people.

Body 2: On the other hand, I believe that the government has no right to restrict a person’s
salary.

- The managers and the directors normally take more responsibilites and they are often
under a lot of pressure. Besides, they devote more time and make more effort to get
promotion. Therefore, they deserve high salaries.
- Receiving a salary equivalent to what they contribute makes workers dedicate more to
their jobs-> increase the company’s productivity and boost the development of a nation’s
economy.

Task 2: Traffic and housing problems could be solved by moving large companies, factories
and their employees to the countryside. Do you agree or disagree? (enterprises)- workers

There are many compelling reasons why some people believe that moving large companies
and their employees to the countryside is a way to solve traffic and housing problems.

- Large factories offer many job opportunities and chances of earning money and they are
normally located in big cities such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Therefore, the streets
in those areas are always crowded with people commute to work and their children who
go to school.
 - As an enormous number of people live in a particular region, there is a huge demand of
houses and the real estate price inevitably increase rapidly, which cause difficulties for
many labourers. Some of them have to live in slums or bad-condition houses.

 Relocating large companies to rural areas will encourage people to return the
countryside, where it is easier for them to find good and comfortable accommodation
with reasonable price and more convenient for them to move on the road.

On the other hand, I am of the opinion that moving large factories to the rural areas cannot
help to tackle the problems completely.

- Removing large enterprises creates more opportunities for medium sized and small
companies to develop because of less competition. This still attracts workers who go to
the urban areas and are willing to work as long as they find jobs.
- Traffic congestion is caused not only by overpopulation but also by other factors such as
poor city planning by the authorities, traffic laws and general public awareness.
- Instead of removing large companies from big cities, there are other viable measures
which could be taken such as improving public transport system to encourage people to
use buses or trains rather than private cars and motorbikes. Besides, single workers can
share houses or cars in order to reduce the cost of living or decrease the number of
vehicles on the road.

Task 2: Experts say if the old people spend time and get along with others and exercise
every day, they will be healthier and happier. However, many elderly are suffering from
loneliness and lack of fitness. Discuss the causes and solutions?

- There are many reasons why many old people are suffering from loneliness and lack of
fitness

+ Lack of support from family, friends and society ( Their children and grandchildren are
too busy with their work, study or hobbies to take care of them. The elderly cannot
connect with the other family members and share their problems due to the differences
in the mindset, interest, behavior, belief and age. In other words, it is generation gap.
They lose touch with their old friends and cannot keep up with the modern world due to
their inability to use technological devices. Many senior citizens are ignored and
discounted by people around them and the authorities, especially the introverted and
the poor ones. In some places, limited access to community resources and activities is
also the cause of old people’s loneliness and poor health fitness.

- However, there are a variety of feasible solutions to address the aforementioned issues.

The government should subsidize community centers and nursing homes to create
positive programs, hold useful events for the elderly to participate in such as nutrient
lessons, sports competitions, technology training and charity work.

On the individual level, young people in the family should spend more time with their
parents or grandparents through some meaningful activities such as going on vacation,
chatting, cooking or joining sport clubs together. This will help the elderly be happier and
more optimistic about their life.
Task 2: Many people think cheap air travel should be encouraged because it gives ordinary
people freedom to travel further. However, others think this leads to environmental problems,
so air travel should be more expensive in order to discourage people from having it. Discuss
both sides and give your own opinion.
The introduction of airplanes has made people’s travelling much more covenient and easier.
While it is argued that air travelling should be pricier due to a number of environmental issues,
I believe that cheap air tickets should be promoted because of their immense benefits.
On the one hand, it is necessary to discourage people from air transportation. First and
foremost, limiting the use of airplanes helps to reduce air pollution. As a plane consumes
more fuel than other kinds of vehicles, it releases an enormous amount of carbon dioxide and
exhausted fume into the atmosphere. Besides, the materials and spare parts of airplanes are
normally produced in large factories, which notably discharge harmful chemicals as well as
trash into the environment. In addition, the construction of an airport sometimes results in the
deforestation for more space.
On the other hand, I am of the opinion that reasonable ticket prices bring about a variety of
advantages. Inexpensive flights give people opportunities to go to many places in a short
period of time conveniently, fast and comfortably. Furthermore, being able to travel to faraway
lands help individuals to widen their knowledge, make new friends, get more experience and
exchange cultural values. Cheap air travel would also encourage people to visit other
countries, which contributes to the development of tourism, boosts the economy of that nation
as well as creates more jobs for local people.
In summary, while costly flights seem like an ideal idea, I would contend that (the introduction
of affordable air tickets would have more positive impacts on individuals and the government)(
the positive impacts of affordable air tickets would outweight the drawbacks)
Task 2 : People who decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it are more likely
to have a satisfying working life than those who change jobs frequently. To what extent do
you agree or disagree?
In our modern society, people have a lot of choices of their career paths. It is argued that
individuals making a decision on their jobs early and maintain them tend to have a better
working life than people who do not have a stable job. I agree with this way of thinking to a
certain extent because both tendencies have its own advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, people who have stable jobs early in their lives tend to enjoy their working
life than those changing jobs continually.
- Individuals deciding on a career path early and keep to it are those having clear aims.
When doing a job for a long period of time, they have enough experience and skills to
manage the tasks productively and fast without consuming much time and energy. As a
result, their flexibility helps them have more freedom to take up new hobbies or
participate in healthy activities and enjoy their lives. In addition, having experience and
competent skills give them opportunities to get promotion and receive higher payment
compared the other employees. People with stable jobs also feel more comfortable and
secure compared to the others. However, sticking to a job from years to years makes
some people get bored easily. They lose motivation and energy to devote themselves to
the job and the company.
On the other hand, doing different kinds of jobs has its own benefits. We will have chances of
contacting different people in a variety of working environment and taking on various tasks,
which helps us to develop a lot of necessary skills and be more flexible in any situations.
Sometimes, people would deal with any problems regarding any aspects more easily.
Besides, changing jobs frequently gives us time to find out the one suitable for ourselves and
deciding our career path properly. Renewing what we do often brings about a sense of
excitement and satisfaction because doing the same thing for a long period of time can lead
to boredom and discouragement. Some people would get motivated and energetic if they are
given opportunities to explore new things. However, some professional jobs such as doctors,
teachers, technology technicians and so on require many years of experience and practice. If
a person always changes his job, he cannot meet the demand of that type of profession
because he does not have extensive insight into that area. In some cases, not having a stable
job results in concern, depression and pressure.
In conclusion, sticking to a job for a long time or changing jobs frequently have both positive
and negative impacts. Therefore, job seekers should consider carefully in order to make wise
decisions.
Task 2: Some people believe that it is a good idea that older people continue to work if it is
possible for them to do so. Do you agree or disagree?
In many countries, the lack of labourers is an urgent issue. A school of thought holds that it is
advisable for the elderly to work as long as they can. Although this way of thinking is valid to a
certain extent, I believe that the disadvantages of this trend outweigh the advantages.
On the one hand, there are many complelling reasons why old people should comtinue to
work if they are able to. Firstly, going on to work can provide financial security, especially for
those who live in poverty or without the support of their children. In addition, working brings
opportunities for social interaction, which can reduce the feelings loneliness and boredom.
Some people who lead an active lifestyle through working and participating different activities
would develop a sense confidence, optimism as well as have a great level of fitness. The
most important thing is that the elderly have a lot of experienced and skills, which they have
build up over the years. If they continue to work and are willing to give young generations
proper training, they will contribute enorrmously to the development of the national economy.
On the other hand, I am of the opinion that there are a variety of challenges when people
work in their old age. Heath issues are major concerns. Because old people’s health are not
as good as the young, they can easily suffer from injury and pressure. They lose their
acuteness and flexibility, which can result in the reduction of work productivity. Besides, that
they go on working can limit the job opportunities for younger generations and increase the
competition in job market. Finally, some senior citizens are reluctant to work because they
feel that after many years of dedication, they need relaxation and should have a rest.
In summary, while the idea of working in the old age seems like a good idea, I contend that
senior citizens should not be allowed to work due to their health problems and other
challenges.
Task 2: Some people believe that it is better to live and work in a vertical city with multiple tall
buildings, as compared to a horizontal city with fewer tall buildings. Discuss both views and
give your own opinion.
In our modern society, people have a lot of choices of where to work and live. A school of
thought holds that it is an ideal idea to stay in a city with a large number of high-rise buildings
instead of living in a place with more private houses. I believe that both types of
accommodations have their own advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, there are underlying reasons why living in tall blocks is preferable to living
in private houses. A city with skyscrapers will have more space for public facilities and
services such as playgrounds, hospitals, schools, shops, sports centers and so on on lower
floors. As a result, it is much more convenient for residents to live in an apartment in those
buildings. Besides, more people would have chances of buying or hiring a good place to live
because the the price of a flat is more affordable than that of a house.
On the other hand, it is beneficial for inhabitants to live in horizontal urban areas due to the
comfort and security reasons. Firstly, people have to pay less for building services and can
save an amount of money for other purposes. Secondly, living in lower floors is safer for
dwellers when emergencies occur. For example, if a fire starts in the home, people can
quickly escape from the dangerous areas because it will not take much time to leave.
In conclusion, there are both benefits and drawbacks of living in a vertical city and a
horizontal city. People should consider carefully before making their decision to choose a
place that suits their demand.
Task 2: Some people say libraries are important in society as a place to get information and
use [Link] say as computers are advanced, libraries are a waste of money and
resources. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
In our modern society, people have different ways of getting information. While a school of
thought holds that with the introduction of technology, it is not necessary to go to libraries to
use books, I believe that libraries still play important roles in our life, which cannot be
replaced.
On the one hand, there are many underlying reasons why it is argued that as computers are
advanced, libraries are a waste of money and resources. Some people still prefer searching
things on the Internet because it is much more convenient and faster compared to going to
the library and reading hundreds of books. We can easily get what we want everywhere and
anytime by using computers, which saves us a lot of time and energy. Besides, operating a
library requires a lot of space for different kinds of materials, enormous cost of facilities and
many staff who provide the services.
However, despite those aforementioned disadvantages, libraries cannot be eliminated
completely due to their importance. The information on the Internet may be inaccurate and
unreliable whereas libraries normally contain authentic authorized books and magazines. For
instance, if you type an English question on the Internet, a large number of different results
will appear and sometimes you do not know which one is correct. In addition, looking for
information online could negatively affect the users’ study and work because people can
easily be distracted by other things like films, music, advertisements, applications and so on.
On the contrary, libraries can offer peaceful atmosphere, which allows people to fully
concentrate on their reading.
In summary, while technology has changed the way we access the information a lot, I would
contend that traditional libraries are still wise choices for people who want to learn and work
properly.
The best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the cost of
fuel. Do you agree or disagree with this view?
Despite the importance of the nature to human beings, we are destroying the
environment day by day. Although a school of thought holds that increasing the fuel
price is the best way to protect the environment, I believe that there are many other
viable measures which can be taken to solve the problem.
On the one hand, there are underlying reasons why it is argued that increasing the fuel
cost is the most efficient way to tackle the environmental problem. Running vehicles
and operating factories require the use of enormous amount of fossil fuel such as coal,
gas and oil. Those activities lead to releasing harmful fumes and carbon dioxide into
the atmosphere as well as discharging toxic chemicals and waste into the water.
Therefore, rising the cost of fuel and introducing high tax on this kind of category will
discourage people from overusing fuel, which helps to protect the environment. For
example, in Vietnam, since the gasoline cost has gone up, the country saw a
significant drop in greenhouse gas emissions.
On the other hand, I believe that there are other ideal ideas to address the
environmental problems. On individual level, people should follow “the three Rs”
which means reducing, reusing and recycling. In stead of using plastic bags,
customers are encouraged to store things in the paper ones. We should also use cups
or bottles many times rather than throwing them away after each use. It is advisable
not to buy items that are easily out of order or difficult to dissolve. On the societal
level, the organizations and the governments should invest more time and money into
the development of renewable energy sources namely wind, solar, wave or hydro
power. Those are green and sustainable sources as they do not produce much
greenhouse gases and they are available everywhere in the long run.
In conclusion, in spite of the fact that increasing fuel cost seems like a good idea in
many aspects, I would contend that other viable solutions could be found to improve
the global environment.
People living in the 21st century have a better quality of life than the previous centuries.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

- Thanks to modern technology, our life is much more comfortable and convenient.

-due to the introduction of vehicles, people….

-Smartphones, laptops

- Robots and cookware

- There are many entertainment spots and sports facilities -> relax, keep fit
- Children all around the world recieve better education and people’s life standards are
enhanced thanks to the development of economy
- People in modern word are too busy with their work and study-> spend less time
with their family members, which creates the gap among family generations. Fast
food, lack of exercise, sitting in front of screens, lack of sleep lead to a variety of
physical and mental health problems.
- Pollutions

Đề số…: Some people believe that the women should equal role in men to country’s
police force such as [Link] people think that women are not suited to this
kind of work

People have have different views about the role of women in the armed force. While
it is argued that this kind of job is not suitable for females, I am convinced that
women should be entitled the equal right to work in this area.

On the one hand, some believe that females must not be given chances to work in
the police force or army. One reason behind it is that women are weaker than men in
terms of strength and physical abilities. Due to genetic issues, women have less
strong hormones in comparison with men and they are less capable of achieving
their goals. For example, most men can able to lift more than 60 to 70 kg of weight
easily while not many females can do that. Therefore, men have greater energy to
arrest criminals while it is generally more dangerous for women to do that task. In
addition, females are emotionally vulnerable and might not tolerate difficult
situations, such as terrible collisions or fatal accidents. As a result, men have
greater physical and mental potential to work in the police or armed force.

On the other hand, I am convinced that women play a key role in the police or army
force and deserve the same right as males to hold these positions. One factor
behind it is that men in the police or army force do not have the right to touch
women criminals. Therefore, the presence of women the military or police force is
necessary. Moreover, a lot of females are able to think thoroughly and solve
intricate problems logically and patiently. They should be given equal opportunities
to prove their talent and contribute to their country, including working in the
political area.
In conclusion, I firmly agree with those who believe that women should have the
same opportunity to work in the police or military force. If the government gives
women the same right and chances as men, the number of criminals in the country
would be controlled and reduced effectively.
Countries should produce the food that their population eats, and import as little as
possible. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons, examples to your
answer.
When the world population is growing, the human’s demand for food is also rising.
It is argued that all nations should provide their citizens with food which is
 produced domestically. Although this way of thinking is valid to a certain extent, I
believe that importing what we eat from other countries have certain benefits.
On the one hand, there are some reasons why a school of thought holds that the
government should supply its people with local food.
- Reduce the cost of transportation, tax and food preservation due to long
distances-> the food is cheaper and more affordable for all people, especially the
ones with low incomes.
- The food is fresher and tastier because it does not take a long time for delivery.
- The food is safer since/ as there is no need to use preservative
- Protect the environment because the fuel which is used to transport the products
decreased.
On the other hand, the advantages of importing food from overseas cannot be
underestimated.
- There are some regions that are not suitable for growing some special kinds of
food-> It is necessary to import produce, fruit, vegetables and other types of food
abroad so that their residents have chances of enjoying food from many sources.
- Instead of focusing on agricultural sector, some countries prefer developing other
potential economic sectors such as tourism, technology or art which bring about
more profit and income.
For example: Exporting bananas and lychees to other countries which cannot plant
those fruits makes a great contribution to the increase in many Vietnamese farmers’
income.
In conclusion, although growing food domestically is an ideal idea, I am of the
opinion that the countries should get food from other places to promote thriving
economies.
Throughout history, people have dreamed of living in a perfect society but nobody
has agreed on what an ideal society would look like. What do you think is the most
important element needed to make a society perfect? How can the ideal society be
achieved?
Over many centuries, people always have desire to create an ideal world but there is
no agreement on what characteristics a perfect society should include. In my
opinion, we need to combine a variety of factors to establish a perfect world rather
than solely focusing one element and there are many different viable ways to
achieve that goal.
To lay the foundation for a comprehensive civilization, the combination of various
areas such as education, economy, technology, medical service, peace and so on is
necessary. First and foremost, people regardless of their race, background and
religion unconditionally love one another without hostility and hatred and they are
willing to help others in any situations. Secondly, it is important to improve the
quality of education to create civilized and well-trained generations for the
development of the country. Last but not least, we should guarantee the inhabitants
 to get stable income to support their life and afford to access healthcare service,
comfortable accommodations and other amenities.
By resorting to a number methods, an ideal society can become a reality. By
holding communal events, teamwork or international activity such as sports,
cooking and art competitions, voluntary campaign as well as cultural exchange, we
can encourage the understanding and cooperation among people coming from
different regions. Besides, the government in every country should implement free
of charge policy for people of all ages who attend all school levels so that everyone
has equal right to study and develop themselves. In addition, it is essential to
provide more jobs which are suitable for each person’s ability and organize welfare
programs for the elderly, the disabled and the underprivilaged.
In conclusion, no single factors can make the world perfect. Although it is not an
easy task, I believe that by joining hands, we can build a better society day by day.
Some people think traditional games are better than modern games in helping children
develop their abilities. To what extent do you agree?

- Traditional games are essential tools for the patriotism, physical and mental
growth as well as social interation development.

playing hide and seek

tug of war

jumping rope

bamboo jack
cat and mouse game
 They are mostly physical activities -> build strength and endurance for the
children-> directly help them to keep fit, be relaxed and avoid diseases.
 Encourage children to play and work in groups -> practise teamwork skills at an
early age
 They are interactive activities-> help to build good relationship with others.
 Traditional games connect children to their cultural roots, strengthening their
identity and promoting cultural values.
However, with the development of technology in our modern society, traditional
games cannot help us to hone skills based on computers, which are useful in some
work areas.
- Modern games are mostly the ones based on computers.
 Help children to release stress after a hard day of study
 They are convenient because people can play them at home instead of going
outside.
  Help the kids to develop technological and logical abilities as well as creativity
through using strategies. Being competent at computer skills will facilitate the
children’s future career in a modern world.
However, playing modern games has some negative aspects if the children are
addicted to them.
- Eye problems
- Lead to modern diseases if the kids sit in front of the computer screen for a long
time such as diabetes, obesity and so on
- Create a communication barrier between the child and their parents or friends
because they spend too much time playing computer games instead of talking to
or meeting other people.
- Some bad games containing fighting scenes make the children more violent and
aggressive.
Task 2: Nations should spend more money on skills and vocational training for practical
work, rather than on university education. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Write
at least 250 words
- Countries should provide more financial support for practical skills and vocational
training instead of tertiary education.
+ Pursuing university education involves a large amount of money and time, which
creates financial burden on students and their family, especially the
underprivileged. On the other hand, training schools are cheaper and students just
need to study for a shorter period of time. As a result, they can get a job
immedicately and earn money early to feed themselves as well as their family.
+ In some nations where there is a problem of population aging and lack of young
labours, focusing on vocational training for practical work provides steady and
abundant workforce.
 However, the number of workers who are trained quickly cannot meet the
requirements of professional jobs such as teachers, doctors and technicians.
Such professions require people to have deep insights into the related fields and
build up their knowledge as well as experience in the long term.
- There are underlying reasons why attending higher education is important.
Having university degrees help students to access ideal jobs easily with high salary
rather than limit themselves to manual and lower positions.
Colleges also teach students many subjects besides their majors which help them
to be knowledgeable about different areas and have various career options as well
as master different skills.
Task 2: More and more people are buying a wide range of household goods. Do you
think it is a negative or positive development?
- There are many reasons why buying and selling a wide range of household
equipment brings about many advantages for both the consumers and businesses.
 + Purchasing various household facilities such as refrigerators, ovens, washing
machine and so on encourages the economic development and technological
innovations. Exporting, importing or trading these products create huge profit for
many companies and jobs for a lot of people.
+ These useful items help to reduce the amount work which has to be done daily
for humans. As a result, we would have more time and energy to relax and do other
activities. For example, thanks to the invention of cleaning robots, dish washers
and dryers, people have more time to play sports or pursue their hobbies, which
enhance their physical and mental health as well as their life quality.
- On the other hand, buying a large number of household facilities has its own
drawbacks.
+ Depending on using household goods too much makes us lazy and inactive. The
lack of physical activities results in modern diseases such as obesity, diabetes
and high blood pressure. Due to the weak immune system, we would be more
vulnerable to environmental factors such as weather, pollution and epidemic.
+ With the development of our society, to meet humans’ demand, there is mass
production of many cheap and low quality products. That means they will be out of
order easily and can be used for a short period of time. Therefore, people would
throw away or replace them regularly, which is a waste of money and causes a lot
of damage to the environment.
Task 2: Some believe secondary students should learn International news as a subject at
school, while some think it’s a waste of time.
- Advantages: lợi ích
+ Have practical knowledge about various issues such as environment, economy,
education, politics and they know the problems faced by our globe. Therefore,
learners may take steps at a small level to deal with them. For example, environment
and sports
+ Have deep insight into many areas would facilitate overall development and they
will become flexible in any situations. Besides, learning international news provide
them with necessary knowledge for their future jobs and help them to find their own
passion or strength. For example, English, arts
- Disadvantages
+ Have to study a lot of things at school-> introducing new subjects would put school
goers under additional pressure. They do not have free time for sports or hobbies,
which leads to some physical or mental problems.
+ some students are not particularly interested in a specific field-> it is a waste of time
because they are not pay attention to it when being taught by the teachers.
+ There are some areas which are not suitable for the age of teenagers such as
politics or sex -> the students can follow bad behaviors such as violence or drug
abuse
Task 2: In recent years, “responsible tourists” have paid attention to preserving both
culture and environment of the places they visit. However, some people say that it is
impossible to be a “responsible tourist”. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
With the development of tourism, people have more chances of travelling to different
places, which not only brings about many benefits but also does harm to the local
culture and environment. Although a school of thought holds that becoming a
“responsible tourist” is impossible, I believe that all of us will be able to travel
responsibly to protect the nature and the local custom by our effort and
determination.
On the one hand, there are many feasible measures which can be taken to be a
responsible visitor. Firstly, by learning about the tradition and the general rules of the
country we are going to visit, we can make sure not to cause any problems or
annoying things in that nation. Besides, one can be a responsible tourist by simply
not damaging the monuments, buildings or facilities which present the culture and
the pride of a country. By being kind to the inhabitants and showing your respect to
the place where they live, we would be a kind and polite person in their eyes as well
as be always welcomed wherever we go. Preserving the environment is also an
effective way which helps people to become responsible tourists. To be specific, we
should not litter or damage the flora and fauna of the area. For instance, when going
on a trip to Cuc Phuong National Park, I tried not to pick any flowers and observe
them from distance.
On the other hand, it is reasonable to say that becoming a responsible tourist is
impossible. The increase in the number of visitors inevitably raise the demand for
transportation. This has a negative impact on the environment as more vehicles mean
more air pollution. Therefore, it is vital to consider the negative effects caused by
tourists.
In summary, people should be mindful whenever they travel to other places in order
to protect both the environment and the local culture if they want to be a responsible
visitor.
Task 2: The government must ensure that citizens have healthy diet, while others
think this is an individual’s duty. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
In our modern society, food and nutrition have become hot issues and people have
different views about how to keep fit and stay healthy. While a school of thought
holds that the authority should be responsible for its citizens’ balanced diet, I believe
that this is not only the government’s but also individual’s duty.
On the one hand, the government officials are those who must pay attention to how
and what their people eat because this would help to create a good society. Due to
the development of the modern world, people are busier with their work and tend to
consume more fast food and junk food than ever before, which causes various health
problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity and so on. If the ministry
gives proper guidance and control over its citizens’ eating habit, the number of cases
in which people suffer from these serious diseases will be significantly reduced.
When people’s health is guaranteed, they will have more time and energy to focus on
other aspects such as work, study or entertainment without being worried about their
well- being. This in turn generates a healthy and productive society.
On the other hand, there are many underlying reasons why maintaining a healthy diet
is individual’s responsibility. Firstly, it is impossible for the government to check a
person’s diet frequently and controlling everyone’s eating routines will be a burden to
the authorities because they already have a lot of issues which need to be addressed
on a daily basis. In addition, the government’s regulations on its citizens’ diet will not
be effective if some people do not follow them. Establishing a good eating routine and
sucess in implementing it need the strong will of each individual.
In conclusion, both the government and the individuals must join hands to form
proper diet and ensure that it will be followed by everyone to create a healthy and
civilized society.