TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................................i
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................1
1.1 Background................................................................................................................1
1.2 Research Focus and Sub-focus...................................................................................3
1.3 Focus of the Research.................................................................................................4
1.4 Sub-focus of the Research..........................................................................................4
1.4.1 Intra-sentential vs. Inter-sentential Code Switching...........................................4
1.4.2 Tag-Switching.....................................................................................................5
1.5 Formulation of the Problem.......................................................................................6
1.6 Research Objectives...................................................................................................6
1.7 Research Significance................................................................................................6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW...........................................................................7
2.1 Theoretical Framework..............................................................................................7
2.1.1 Code Mixing and Code Switching: An Exploration of Bilingual
Communication
7
2.1.2 Film "A Copy of My Mind"..............................................................................14
2.2 Relevant Previous Studies........................................................................................16
2.3 Thinking Framework................................................................................................19
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................21
3.1 Research Timeline....................................................................................................21
3.2 Research Object........................................................................................................21
3.3 Research Methods....................................................................................................21
3.4 Data and Data Sources.............................................................................................22
3.5 Data Collection Techniques.....................................................................................22
3.6 Data Validity Techniques.........................................................................................23
3.6.1 Source Triangulation.........................................................................................24
3.6.2 Methodological Triangulation...........................................................................24
3.6.3 Time Triangulation............................................................................................25
3.6.4 Investigator Triangulation (Optional)................................................................25
3.7 Data Analysis Techniques.........................................................................................26
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION........................................27
4.1 Research Result........................................................................................................27
4.1.1 Description of Research Data............................................................................27
4.1.2 Results of Data Analysis...................................................................................30

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 4.1.3 Data Validity.....................................................................................................34
4.2 Discussion.................................................................................................................35
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION..........................................................................................42
5.1 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………42
5.2 Sugestion…………………………………………………………………………43
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................44

ii
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

this chapter discusses about: (1) background, (2) focus and sub focus of the

research, (3) formulation of the problem, (4) objectives of the research, (5)

significances of the research.

1.1 Background

In today's increasingly interconnected world, code-mixing and code- switching

have transcended traditional linguistic boundaries, becoming significant markers of

cultural identity and social interaction in multilingual communities. The use of

foreign languages has become a common practice among Indonesians, often

influenced by factors such as social status, educational level, and the desire to

expand one's knowledge. According to Rosnaningsih (2019, p. 25), foreign

languages serve not only as a medium for communication but also as a means of

asserting one's social standing and educational attainment. For example, individuals

with higher education levels are frequently expected to be proficient ina foreign

language due to academic demands.

Code-mixing and code-switching are not limited to verbal communication; they

also manifest in literary and cinematic works. As observed by Rohmani, Fuady, and

Anindyarin (2013, p. 12), these linguistic phenomena occur in literature for various

purposes, such as reinforcing characters, developing storylines, establishing

settings, and accommodating concepts that are absent in the primary language. For

instance, a character in a novel might switch to English to emphasize their

cosmopolitan background or to convey a concept that lacks an equivalent in

Indonesian.

1
 Joko Anwar's film "A Copy of My Mind," set against the vibrant backdrop of

Jakarta, Indonesia, provides a compelling case study of how language reflects and

shapes cultural identity. Films serve multiple purposes, including educating,

entertaining, informing, and promoting creativity and economic development. They

are not only a medium of mass communication but also a vehicle for conveying

moral values (Danesi, 2010, p. 4). Language and culture are deeply intertwined;

language is a fundamental element of culture, and it is through language that other

cultural elements are formed and communicated. As Uzer (2023, p. 2) notes,

linguists have long explored the intricate relationship between culture and language.

Within the dynamic sociolinguistic landscape of Indonesia, code-mixing and

code-switching emerge as adaptive strategies that individuals use to navigate

complex social relationships, power dynamics, and cultural affiliations. Chaer and

Agustina (2004, p. 114) describe code-mixing as a linguistic phenomenon where

the main language maintains its function and autonomy, while the secondary

language, integrated into the discourse, serves a fragmentary role without full

autonomy.

The decision to investigate code-mixing and code-switching in "A Copy of My

Mind" is driven by the film's rich thematic content and its nuanced portrayal of

Jakarta's urban environment. Through a detailed analysis of the film's linguistic

practices, this study aims to elucidate how language operates as a site of cultural

negotiation, resistance, and affirmation within the complex sociopolitical landscape

of contemporary Indonesia (Rakhmani, 2018, p. 3). By examining the linguistic

choices depicted in the film, this research seeks to uncover the sociolinguistic

dynamics that shape Jakarta's cultural identity and influence the construction of

both individual and collective identities.

2
 Furthermore, by situating this analysis at the intersection of film studies and

sociolinguistics, this research transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries,

offering a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between language,

culture, and visual storytelling. The insights gained from this study was

contribution to the field of applied linguistics, particularly in understanding how

code- switching and code-mixing function within a film as a reflection of real-life

linguistic practices. Additionally, this research opens avenues for integrating

linguistic approaches with media and cultural studies, thereby enriching analytical

perspectives.

In recent years, contemporary language trends have undergone significant

development, particularly within the context of multilingual societies and

globalization. Phenomena such as code mixing and code switching have become

highly relevant in everyday life, especially among the younger generation. With

these contemporary language trends in mind, the researcher is interested in

examining code switching and code mixing in the film "A Copy of My Mind" to

understand how the use of these phenomena reflects the social and cultural

realities of urban society in Jakarta. This study aims to identify the motivations

behind the characters' use of mixed language, as well as its impact on the audience

in shaping identity and communication styles in the modern era. Furthermore, this

research

Entitled “A Copy of My Mind” explore how film as a medium can influence

language norms and habits among the younger generation, as well as its

contributions to language teaching in educational settings.

1.2 Research Focus and Sub-focus

Research Focus and Sub-focus refer to the key areas of investigation in a study.
3
The research focus outlines the primary objective or central question the research

aims to address, while sub-focuses delve into specific aspects for more detailed

analysis within the broader framework of the research focus.

1.2.1 Focus of the Research

This research centers on the analysis of media dialogue within the film "A

Copy of My Mind," with a particular emphasis on film semiotics. The study seeks

to examine the film as a phenomenon through a semiotic lens, focusing

specifically on the instances of code-switching and code-mixing present in the

film’s dialogue.

1.2.2 Sub-focus of the Research

The sub-focus of this research on "Code Switching and Code Mixing in the

Film 'A Copy of My Mind'" involves several detailed approaches based on the

types of code-switching and code-mixing identified by the researcher:

1.2.2.1Intra-sentential vs. Inter-sentential Code Switching

a. Intra-sentential Code Switching

This sub-focus examines the use of multiple languages within a single sentence.

The example from the Film: It analyzes scenes where characters combine words

from different languages in a single sentence to convey specific meanings or

cultural nuances.

b. Inter-sentential Code Switching

This aspect explores the use of different languages across sentences within a

conversation or dialogue. The example from the Film; It observes instances where

characters switch languages between sentences, possibly to suit the listener or to

express emotions more effectively.

4
c. Intra-sentetial Code Mixing

The film “A Copy of My Mind” portrays Indonesian daily communication

through language switching and mixing, highlighting social dynamics, emotions,

and character identification by incorporating English words into Indonesian

phrases, giving bilingual or multilingual audiences a more organic feel.

d. Inter-sentetial Code Mixing

The movie " A Copy of My Mind" showcases dynamic language usage through

inter-sentential code mixing and code switching, reflecting Indonesia's bilingual

society. The characters frequently mix language between sentences, adding a

subtle emotive element to the metropolitan setting.

e. Tag-Switching

This sub-focus investigates the incorporation of words or phrases from different

languages as tags or particles within sentences three Example from the Film: it

analyzes how characters use tag phrases like "you know," "lah," or "right?" within

primarily English sentences, or how they mix these tags from Indonesian into

conversations.

The researcher might select specific scenes from "A Copy of My Mind" where

code-switching occurs. For instance, in a dialogue between the main character and

a supporting character, the analysis could identify whether code- switching

happens intra-sententially (within one sentence) or inter-sententially (between

sentences). Additionally, the researcher could focus on tag-switching, noting how

characters integrate words or phrases from different languages into their speech.

Through this approach, the research was provided a deeper understanding of how

code-switching and code-mixing are employed in the film, as well as their impact

on the narrative and character development.

5
1.3 Formulation of the Problem

Based on the background presented, the research problem can be formulated as

follows:

a. What types of code-switching are presented in the movie"A Copy of My

Mind"?

b. What types of code-mixing are presented in the movie"A Copy of My Mind"?

1.4 Research Objectives

The objectives of this research are designed to answer the formulated

problems and ensure that the data collected are relevant and insightful. The

specific objectives are presented below:

a. to identify the types of code-switching are presented in the movie "A Copy of

My Mind";

b. to identify the types of code-mixing are presented in the movie "A Copy of My

Mind".

1.5 Research Significance

The results of the research are expected:

a) to enhance readers' understanding of the phenomenon of code-switching

and code-mixing in the context of films;

b) to contribute to the development of linguistic studies, particularly

concerning the use of language in audiovisual media;

c) to provide deeper insights into social and cultural representations in films

through the analysis of code-switching and code-mixing;

d) to contribute valuable knowledge to the broader understanding of language

use in films and other linguistic phenomena

6
 CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

In this study, the researcher explains several materials related to the title of

the research These materials can be used as a guide in conducting this research.

The contents include the following points.

2.1 Theoretical Framework

This review synthesis existing theoretical perspectives, highlighting their

relevance and applicability to this research. In this research, the researcher

explains two materials related to the research title. These materials can be used as

a guide in conducting the research.

2.1.1 Code Mixing and Code Switching: An Exploration of Bilingual

Communication

[Link] Characteristics of Code Mixing and Code Switching

a. Code Mixing

According to Wardhaugh (2006:103), Code mixing occurs when a speaker

inserts words, phrases, or sentences from another language into their speech

without changing the overall language structure. The key characteristics include:

 Insertion of Words or Phrases: A speaker uses words from another language

within a sentence (e.g., "I need to submit my tugas tomorrow").

 No Change in Topic or Context: The speaker remains in the same conversation

topic and does not switch between languages completely.

 Linguistic Hybridization: The mix can involve lexical borrowing, blending, or

integrating elements from two languages.

 Grammatical Consistency: The base language structure remains intact, even if

foreign words are inserted.

7
b. Code Switching

Code switching refers to the alternation between two or more languages within a

single conversation, often based on social or contextual factors. The main

characteristics include:

 Switching between Sentences or Clauses: The speaker shifts from one language

to another in different sentences (e.g., "I’m so tired today. Besok kita liburan ke

Bali, ya?").

 Context-Driven: The switch often depends on the speaker’s audience, setting,

or social situation.

 They can occur at different levels: Inter-sentential Switching: Switching

between sentences. Intra-sentential Switching: Switching within a sentence.

 Tag-Switching: Adding discourse markers from another language (e.g., "You

know, itu masalah besar").

 Reflects Bilingual Competence: It usually happens among fluent speakers of

both languages.

[Link] Difference between Code Mixing and Code Switching

Code mixing and code switching are both linguistic phenomena that occur

when speakers use more than one language in conversation. Code switching

happens when a speaker alternates between languages in a single conversation,

often changing based on context, audience, or topic. It can occur at different

levels, such as between sentences (inter-sentential switching) or within a sentence

(intra-sentential switching). For example, a bilingual speaker might say, "I went to

the store, dan aku beli susu." This shift is often intentional and serves a

communicative purpose, such as emphasizing a point or expressing identity.

On the other hand, code mixing involves blending words, phrases, or

8
 morphemes from different languages within the same sentence or discourse

without fully switching between them. Unlike code switching, code mixing is

often unconscious and reflects a deep integration of both languages in the

speaker’s mind. For instance, a speaker might say, "Aku lagi meeting dengan boss

di office."Here, English words are inserted into an Indonesian sentence without a

structural shift. Code mixing usually occurs when a speaker lacks a suitable word

in one language or when certain words from another language are more commonly

used in a particular domain.

In an increasingly globalized world, code-mixing and code-switching have

become common linguistic practices among bilingual and multilingual speakers.

These phenomena occur when speakers alternate between two or more languages

within a conversation, sentence, or even a single phrase. Code-mixing and code-

switching are not random; they reflect the speakers' linguistic repertoire, social

identity, and the cultural context in which they operate.

Code-switching refers to the practice of alternating between languages within

a single conversation or discourse. It often occurs in specific contexts where

speakers feel that a certain language better conveys their thoughts or fits the social

situation. According to García and Wei (2020:45)

code-switching is a communicative strategy that enables speakers to navigate

different social spaces and identities.

Code-mixing, on the other hand, involves blending elements from different

languages within a single utterance or sentence. It is more common in informal

settings and among bilingual communities where speakers have a high proficiency

in both languages. Grosjean (2021:62) describes code-mixing as a natural outcome

of bilingualism, where speakers effortlessly integrate words or phrases from

9
 multiple languages into their speech.

[Link] Uses of Code Mixing And Code Switching

use of code-mixing and code-switching is deeply rooted in social and cultural

contexts. These practices often reflect the speaker's social relationships, group

membership, and the need to express particular cultural meanings. As explored by

Canagarajah (2020:78) in "Translingual Practice: Global Englishes and

Cosmopolitan Relations," code-switching can serve as a marker of social identity,

signaling the speaker's affiliation with certain social groups or their ability to

navigate multiple cultural domains. For example, in a conversation among

bilingual Indonesian-English speakers, one might hear a sentence like, "Aku

nggak tahu, but I think we should go there." Here, the speaker switches from

Indonesian to English mid-sentence, possibly to emphasize uncertainty or align

more closely with the listener's linguistic preference. This switch can also reflect

the speaker's comfort with both languages and their ability to draw from a wider

linguistic pool to express themselves more fully.

Similarly, code-mixing can occur in everyday speech, such as "Let's makan

dulu sebelum we leave." This sentence combines Indonesian with English,

inserting the Indonesian word "makan" (eat) into an English sentence. This type of

mixing often happens when the speaker is more familiar with a particular term in

one language or when the term carries specific cultural connotations that are

difficult to translate.

In educational settings, code-switching can be used by teachers to facilitate

comprehension and reinforce learning. A teacher might explain a concept in

10
English but switch to the students' native language to ensure understanding. This

strategy is discussed by Lin (2020) in "Language Across the Curriculum & CLIL

in English as an Additional Language (EAL) Contexts," where she notes that

code- switching in classrooms can help bridge gaps in students' language

proficiency and make content more accessible.

In the media, particularly in films and television shows that portray bilingual

or multilingual communities, code-switching and code-mixing are often used to

reflect the authentic language use of characters. This linguistic authenticity can be

seen in films like "A Copy of My Mind," where characters seamlessly switch

between Indonesian and English to reflect their social environment and the

multicultural reality of urban Indonesia.

Code-switching and code-mixing also play a crucial role in the formation and

expression of identity. As Pavlenko (2021:89) explores these linguistic practices

allow speakers to navigate their dual identities and express different facets of

themselves depending on the social context. For instance, a bilingual individual

might switch to their heritage language when speaking with family to express

solidarity and cultural pride, but use a dominant language in professional settings

to align with societal expectations.

In a globalized world where cultural boundaries are increasingly fluid, code-

mixing and code-switching are not merely linguistic phenomena but also powerful

tools for negotiating identity, expressing cultural nuances, and engaging in

meaningful social interactions.

Code-mixing and code-switching are essential aspects of bilingual and

multilingual communication, reflecting the dynamic nature of language in a

globalized world . These practices are deeply intertwined with social identity,
11
cultural context, and the speaker's communicative goals. As linguistic research

continues to explore these phenomena , it becomes increasingly clear that code-

switching and code-mixing are not just markers of language proficiency but also

powerful expressions of identity and cultural belonging . By understanding and

appreciating these linguistic strategies, we can gain deeper insights into the

complex ways in which language functions in multicultural societies and how

individuals use language to navigate their social worlds.

The study of code switching and code mixing in linguistics has evolved

through a variety of theoretical frameworks that aim to understand the underlying

mechanisms and motivation behind this linguistic phenomenon. This section

explores two leading theoretical frameworks: the Matrix Language Frame (MLF)

model and the markedness model. When people communicate in both languages,

code mixing happens. It's an element of language that transfers words, phrases, to

another language without changing the topic together, they change one speech

from one language to another in one speech (Wardaugh, 2006, p.20). Combining

code as a language component consisting of words, phrases, to another language

without changing the subject. This is called code mixing. together, they

change one speech from one language to another in one speech (Wardaugh, 2006).

By explaining the mixing code, which means that some of the languages are used,

even though the speakers use all languages (John, 2012, p.30).

According to Hassan (2019), code mixing is research is expected toonly

occurs when someone uses the most effective word or phrase from the original

language. According to Norris (2021), code mixing is the use of one or two

languages by incorporating the factor of one language into other details in one

statement. One of the signs of using a language is code mixing. This happens
12
when different versions of equal clauses are combined into the code. This

indicates that related factors in the language are involved, and if those factors do

not come in, then the language changes to outer code mixing (Muysken, 2000,

p.18).

Matrix Language Frame (MLF) Model: Developed by Carol Myers- Scotton

in the 1990s, the MLF (Multinomial Logistic Framework) model provides a

systematic framework for analyzing the phenomenon of code redirection.

According to this model, in each code redirection example, one language serves

asa 'matrix language,' providing a grammatical structure and syntactic framework,

while elements from another language, called 'embedded languages,' are inserted

into this frame. The choice of matrix language and the insertion of embedded

elements are governed by linguistic constraints, such as grammatical compatibility

and discourse cohesion. The MLF model argues that code diversion occurs at the

clause or sentence level, with switches occurring at specific points in linguistic

structures. Furthermore, code mixing is defined as the use of one or more

languages to consistently switch from one language to another (Kracht, 2000,

p.15).

Based on the above reason, code mixing is defined as when a speaker mixes

two languages or more by adding one language element into one utterance or by

mixing a few parts of another language, such as words and phrases, into one

language in a topic without breaking the language's grammatical rules.

MLF models have been instrumental in analyzing code switching patterns in

various linguistic contexts, providing insights into the structural constraints and

linguistic motivations behind language switching. By identifying matrix

languages and analyzing the distribution and position of embedded elements,

13
 researchers can uncover the underlying grammatical principles that govern the

phenomenon of code switching. Additionally, the MLF model allows for the

examination of sociolinguistic factors that influence language choice and code

switching behavior, such as social identity, language proficiency, and

communicative intent.

The markedness model offers a sociolinguistic perspective on code switching,

seeing it as a marked linguistic behavior that is influenced by social and cultural

factors. According to this model, code switching occurs when speakers

strategically utilize various linguistic resources to express social meaning,

negotiate identities, and navigate social interactions. Code-switching is thus not

only a linguistic phenomenon but also a socio-cultural practice embedded in a

particular social context.

The concept of code-switching as a strategy in communication was first

introduced by Gumperz, but it was later refined by Myers-Scotton in her

Markedness Model (Shin and Milroy, 2000:352). The idea behind Rational

Choice or Rational Actor Models, as explained by Rahman (2023), is that when

faced with different options, people tend to choose the one they believe will lead

to the best outcome. Philosophers like Ibrahim (2023), had an influence on Myers-

Scotton's Markedness Model.

Both the MLF (Matrix Language Frame) model and the Markedness Model

offer valuable frameworks for understanding how linguistic structure, social

identity, and communication interact in code-switching. By using these models,

researchers can better understand the various structural, sociolinguistic, and

practical aspects of code-switching and code-mixing in different cultural and

linguistic settings.
14
 Building on these theoretical ideas, this study's conceptual framework aims

to provide a thorough understanding of code-switching and code-mixing in the

film "A Copy of My Mind." This section was outline a framework that combines

insights from linguistics, sociolinguistics, media studies, and narrative theory.

Linguistic Analysis: The framework integrates linguistic analysis with

sociocultural investigation to explain the structural patterns, socio-cultural

motivations, and narrative roles of language changes in film dialogue. Linguistic

theory traditionally focuses on an ideal speaker in a completely uniform speech

community, who knows the language perfectly and is not affected by factors like

memory limitations, distractions, or errors in using the language (Rizvi, 2023).

Using the MLF model, researchers can identify the main language used (matrix

language) and analyze how elements from other languages are embedded in film

dialogues. By studying the grammatical rules and the role of code- switching and

code-mixing in conversations, researchers can uncover the principles behind

language switching in films.

Sociocultural Inquiry: Combining sociolinguistics and cultural studies, the

framework considers Indonesia’s socio-cultural context, known for its linguistic

diversity and cultural hybridity. In Indonesia, code-switching and code-mixing

are tools to express complex social identities, negotiate power dynamics, and

reflect the socio-political realities of urban life By adopting a sociocultural

perspective, researchers can explore how language choices in films mirror

broader social and political dynamics and contribute to the portrayal of urban

culture and identity politics (Chen, 2023).

15
A. Intra-Sentential Code Switching and Code Mixing

Intra-sentential switching** involves shifts within a single sentence or clause. This

type of switching requires a high level of bilingual competence since the speaker must

maintain grammatical consistency across both languages. Intra-sentential code mixing

typically includes the insertion of words or phrases from one language into the

structure of another, such as using an English noun phrase in a sentence otherwise in

Indonesian.

> “Intra-sentential switching occurs within the same sentence or clause, and it often

involves the mixing of words, morphemes, or phrases from two languages”

> Romaine, Suzanne (1995). Bilingualism, p. 123.

B. Inter-Sentential Code Switching and Code Mixing

Inter-sentential switching happens between sentences or clauses. It usually takes place

at sentence boundaries and may reflect topic shifts, changes in interlocutor, or

emphasis. Unlike intra-sentential switching, inter-sentential switching allows a speaker

to complete one thought in one language before moving to another.

“Inter-sentential code-switching occurs at clause or sentence boundaries, where each

clause or sentence is in one language or another”

Wardhaugh, Ronald (2010). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics*, p. 103.

16
1. Romaine, Suzanne.

Bilingualism* (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.

→ "Intra-sentential switching occurs within the same sentence or clause..." (p. 123)

2. Wardhaugh, Ronald.

An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (6th ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

→ "Inter-sentential code-switching occurs at clause or sentence boundaries..." (p.

103)

3. Muysken, Pieter.

Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-Mixing.* Cambridge University Press, 2000.

→ “Code mixing refers to all cases where lexical items and grammatical features

from two languages appear in one sentence.” (p. 1)

4. Holmes, Janet.

*An Introduction to Sociolinguistics* (3rd ed.). London: Longman, 2008.

→ "Code-switching is not random, but rather governed by grammatical constraints

and social meaning." (p. 35)

5. Gumperz, John J.

Discourse Strategies. Cambridge University Press, 1982.

17
 →Code-switching may serve discourse functions, such as signaling contrast or topic

shift.” (p. 75)

2.1.2 Film "A Copy of My Mind"

Code mixing is the spontaneous use of language elements from two or

more languages in one sentence or utterance. Suandi (2014) classifies code

mixing based on the types of elements included:

a. Mix into (Inner Code Mixing) Using regional or local language variations in

the national language, for example, "I don't have anything to do, so I'll just

stay at home."

18
 b. Outer Mixing (Outer Code Mixing) Use of foreign language elements in the

national language, for example, "We have to submit this report before

evening.”

Source: [Link]
Figure 2.1 Poster of Film “A Coph of My Mind

"A Copy of My Mind" is widely regarded as one of Joko Anwar's standout films.

Released in 2015, the film stars Tara Basro and Chicco Jerikho in the leading roles. It

received critical acclaim, winning three categories at the 2015 Indonesian Film

Festival: Best Picture, Best Actress, and Best Sound Designer.

The story follows Sari, portrayed by Tara Basro, a woman who works at a beauty

salon in Jakarta. Sari's life revolves around her job, leading to a routine that feels

monotonous and dull. To escape this boredom, she spends her free time in her small

boarding house watching movies on pirated DVDs. Her simple dream is to one day

own a home theater so she can experience movies as if she were in a cinema.

19
 One day, after purchasing a pirated DVD, Sari discovers that the subtitles are

incorrect. She returns to the DVD store to get a replacement, where she meets Alex,

played by Chicco Jerikho, who works as a DVD subtitle translator. Although

they start off as strangers, they quickly develop a romantic relationship. Sari later lands a

job at a luxury salon, which she finds much easier than her previous work. Her boss,

Bandy (Paul Agusta), assigns her to care for a client named Mirna, an inmate played

by Maera Panigoro. When Sari arrives at the prison, she is shocked to find that Mirna's

cell is nothing like she imagined; instead of being dirty and shabby.

Tempted by the sight of original DVDs in Mirna's cell, Sari steals one to watch

later with Alex. However, instead of a movie, the DVD contains a secret recording of

Mirna in conversation with several government officials. From the moment they obtain

the DVD, Sari and Alex find themselves in increasing danger. This film serves as a

sharp critique of various aspects of life, particularly reflecting on the harsh realities of

living in a big city, where survival often requires navigating both positive and

negative paths. As Iwabuchi (2020:94) notes in "Multiculturalism in East Asian

Media," films like this provide not just entertainment but also important social

commentary, exposing the complexities of urban life and the moral choices individuals

must make.

2.2 Relevant Previous Studies

Previous researches have examined the phenomenon of code switching and

code mixing in a variety of linguistic, sociocultural, and communicative contexts,

shedding light on the diverse motivations, patterns, and functions of language

20
 switching. This section was review two relevant studies in the fields of

sociolinguistics, media studies, and digital communication.

Name Tittle Type of Similarity Different

Research

Code This research Previous There are

Annisa,
Switching aims to describe research and differences
et al
and Code the forms, types subsequent between the
(2023) Mixing in and functions of research have previous
Film code switching similarities in research and
Imperfect. and code that previous the next
mixing in the research and research,
dialogue film subsequent where the
Imperfect. This research previous
research both use film research
will analyze the media used
data in depth to imperfect
understand film while
patterns of the next
language use. research
This research used a copy
focuses on of mind film
social factors
that influence
the use of code
switching and
code mixing in
films, such as
social context,
cultural
background, or
relationships
between
characters.
Code- The results Cultural Motivations
Lourdes
Switching in showed that and Social for
S. Abad
the switching Influences: Use:
(2005)
Classroom: codes, Both Research
A Clash of especially in phenomena are indicates
Two chemistry influenced by that code
Languages and geometry, cultural and switching is
about how improved social contexts, often
teachers and students' where speakers employed to
students comprehension often adapt to
perceive compared to use social
code using only language contexts,

21
 mixing to whereas

22
 changes in English, but express code mixing
teaching frequent identity and tends to
mathematics switching codes group reflect
and physics could also make affiliation. ingrained
in a private students linguistic
high school confuse. The habits
in the study among
Philippines. challenged the speakers.
success of the
"English-only"
rule and
emphasized that
the code shift
should be
recognized as
the ability to
speak two
languages with
advantages.
Code- Describe the The second The first
Yulius
Mixing And types of code- research both title
& Barli
Code- switching and discusses the examines
(2022)
Switching code-mixing phenomena of code
Uttered By used by Cinta code switching switching
Cinta Laura Laura in and code and code
In Okay interviews on mixing in mixing in
Boss the Okay Boss language use. the context
Trans7’s program and Both focus on of dialogue
Talk Show analyze the use of on talk
shows, while
conversation language in the second
transcripts to mass title
identify forms communication examines
of code- media this
switching (television and phenomenon
(intersentential, film). in the
intrasentential, context of
tag switching) dialogue in
and code- films. The
mixing first title
(insertion, focuses on
alternation, an
congruent individual
lexicalization). (Cinta
Discusses the Laura),
social function while the
of mixed second title
language used is more
(e.g., conveying general
professionalism, because it
23
 familiarity, or discusses all
humor). the dialogue
in the film.

2.3 Thinking Framework

According to Sugiyono (2019:16), a framework of thinking is a synthesis

that reflects the relationship between the variables being studied and is a guide to

solving research problems and formulating research hypotheses in the form of a

flow chart equipped with qualitative explanations. So the framework of thinking

is a planned flow of the researcher's thinking pattern in conducting a research, an

object that can complement the direction of the formulation of the problem and

the goal.

Overall, the conceptual framework outlined in this section provides a

theoretical and methodological roadmap for analyzing code switching and code

mixing in the movie "A Copy of My Mind". By integrating insights from

linguistics, sociolinguistics, media studies, and narrative theory, the framework

offers a multidimensional perspective on the complex interactions between

language, culture, and narrative in cinematic discourse.

24
 The researcher's framework of thinking/conceptual is as follows:

Code Switching & Code Mixing In The

Film “A Copy Of My Mind”

Theories Relevant Previous

Studies

Code Swiching Film “ A

and Code mixing: Copy Of My
An Exploration of Annisa, Abad
Bilingual et al Research
Communication (2023) (2015)

Qualitative Design

Documentation Methode

Content Analysis

Result of the Research

25
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a crucial part of any study as it outlines

themethods and steps used to achieve the research objectives. As Cresswell

(2021:45) emphasizes in "Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and

Mixed Methods Approaches," a well-structured methodology is essential for

ensuring the reliability and validity of research findings .

3.1 Research Timeline

This study focuses on analyzing the film "A Copy of My Mind," directed

by Joko Anwar and released in 2015. The research was conducted from

September 2024 to May 2025, utilizing resources related to linguistics and film

studies to support the analysis.

3.2 Research Object

The research focuses on the dialogues in the film "A Copy of My Mind,"

specifically those that feature code-switching and code-mixing between English

and Indonesian. As the study is content-focused, there are no direct informants

involved; the analysis centers solely on the film's linguistic content rather than

audience or filmmaker interpretations.

3.3 Research Methods

This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, which is well-

suited for analyzing the presence and function of code-switching and code-mixing

26
in the film. According to Sugiyono (2015:207-208) descriptive research involves

detailing the data collected without making broad generalizations. This approach

is ideal for language studies that prioritize text analysis over quantitative data.

3.4 Data and Data Sources

The primary data for this research consists of the dialogues in the film "A

Copy of My Mind," particularly those illustrating code-switching and code-

mixing. As Moleong (2019:157) notes in "Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif,"

qualitative research relies heavily on words and actions as primary data sources,

with documents serving as supplementary data. Additional sources include films

that discuss similar linguistic phenomena and relevant linguistic theories to

support the analysis.

3.5 Data Collection Techniques

The data collection for this study was conducted through an online

documentation method, focusing on the film "A Copy of My Mind." This

approach ensured that the data collected accurately reflected the instances of

code-switching and code-mixing depicted in the film. Sugiyono (2016:224)

describes documentation as a qualitative data collection method that involves

reviewing or analyzing documents created by or about the subject of the study.

These documents included written works, visual records, and other forms of

documentation that capture past events.

27
3.6 Data Validity Techniques

Triangulation is an essential method in qualitative research for testing the

accuracy and reliability of data from different sources, methods, and timeframes

(Trianto, 2011:294). In this study, data validity was ensured through source and

method triangulation. Source triangulation involved comparing data from the

film

"A Copy of My Mind" with existing theories and previous research on

code-switching and code-mixing. Method triangulation involved applying

various linguistic analysis techniques to ensure that the data interpretation was

consistent and dependable.

Validating data about code-mixing and code-switching from the film "A

Copy of My Mind" using triangulation techniques involved cross-checking the

data through multiple methods and sources to ensure accuracy, reliability, and a

comprehensive understanding of the phenomena.

28
3.6.1 Source Triangulation

Source triangulation involves comparing the data obtained from the film

with existing theories and previous research on code-mixing and code-switching.

This could include:

1) Comparing with Previous Studies: Review academic studies or research

articles that analyze code-mixing and code-switching in similar contexts,

such as in other films, media, or conversational settings. By comparing

findings from "A Copy of My Mind" with these studies, you can validate

whether the patterns observed align with established linguistic theories.

2) Cross-referencing Linguistic Theories: Utilize linguistic frameworks like

Myers-Scotton's Markedness Model or the Matrix Language Frame (MLF)

model to validate your observations. For example, if the film shows

characters switching languages to align with their social identities, you can

compare this with theoretical explanations provided by scholars such as

Myers-Scotton (2006:112) discusses how individuals use language choice

to navigate social situations.

3.6.2 Methodological Triangulation

Methodological triangulation involved using different methods or

analytical approaches to study the same phenomenon, ensuring consistency in

the findings. This could include:

Linguistic Analysis Approaches: It employed multiple linguistic analysis

methods to examine the dialogues in the film. For instance, you could use

both qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis to study how and

29
 why code-switching occurs. While content analysis might quantify the

instances of code-mixing, discourse analysis would provide deeper

insights into the context and reasons behind each switch. Norman K.

Denzin

3.6.3 Time Triangulation

Time triangulation involves checking the consistency of code-mixing and

code-switching patterns across different times or settings within the film:

Temporal Consistency: It analyzed the dialogues at various points in the

film to see if the patterns of code-switching remain consistent throughout.

For instance, does a character consistently switch languages in similar

contexts, or do they only do so at specific moments, such as during

heightened emotional scenes or in particular social settings?

3.6.4 Investigator Triangulation

Multiple Analysts: Having one researcher analyze the dialogues help

identify any biases or errors in interpretation. The researcher compared the

findings and discuss any discrepancies, leading to a more balanced and validated

conclusion. Yuli Kurniawati

By applying triangulation techniques, the researcher could ensure that the

analysis of code-mixing and code-switching in "A Copy of My Mind" was

thorough, well-rounded, and grounded in multiple sources of evidence. This

strengthened s the validity of the research findings and provides a deeper

understanding of how these linguistic phenomena function within the film.

30
3.7 Data Analysis Techniques

In this phase, the researcher processed and analyzed the data. Data

analysis involved gathering, processing, and organizing the information obtained

from records and documentation. This process included categorizing, describing,

synthesizing, and organizing the data into patterns. Important information was

selected and conclusions were drawn to make the findings easily understandable

for both the researcher and others. The analysis follow these four steps:

a) Identifying instances of code-switching and code-mixing in the film's

dialogue.

b) Classifying these instances according to sociolinguistic types and

functions, using appropriate theoretical frameworks.

c) Interpreting the social significance of code-switching and code-mixing

within the context of the film’s situations and characters.

d) Compiling the findings into a narrative that explains how and why

characters in "A Copy of My Mind" use code-switching and code-mixing.

For a deeper understanding of these processes, Creswell (2021:250)

discusses the importance of systematic data analysis in ensuring that research

findings are both valid and reliable.

31
 CHAPTER IV

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Research Findings

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether the use of code switching

and code mixing the film was influenced by the social and cultural background. The

following is an explanation of the research's findings.

4.1.1 Data Description

[Link] Data Description of Code Mixing

The movie "A Copy of My Mind" provided the data for this study. Data were

gathered by means of analysis. In the movie A Copy of Mind, code mixing was

used to blend English and Indonesian themes.

Code mixing serves as a reflection of social dynamics and cultural identity in

this movie in addition to being a means of communication between characters. The

characters' internal struggles and external social pressures were reflected in the

narrative style created by the smooth blending of the two languages, which gave the

current dialogues a subtlety of reality and individuality. Code mixing in A Copy of

Mind could be grouped according to its types in a language context, including

congruent lexicalization, alternation, and insertion.

For instance, in order to highlight particular feelings or concepts, characters

occasionally inject English phrases or idioms into Indonesian language. According

to the Matrix Language Frame hypothesis, which explains why one language is

dominant as the primary framework, alternation happens when linguistic changes

are implemented methodically at the sentence or clause level. The employment of a

second language as a "marked" choice can also have stylistic and pragmatic
32
repercussions in character communication, as explained by other theoretical

frameworks as Myers-Scotton's Markedness Model.

All things considered, code mixing in A Copy of Mind is a reflection of the

complexity of identity and social interaction in the age of globalization as well as a

storytelling device. The character's cognitive processes are reflected in the

deliberate switching between languages, demonstrating how bilingualism or

multilingualism can enhance dialogue and narrative dynamics. The audience is thus

better able to comprehend that each language preservation serves a profound

communicative purpose and influences the depiction of meaning in the character's

cultural and psychological environment thanks to the application of linguistic

theory in code mixing analysis.

“...characters occasionally inject English phrases or idioms into Indonesian

language.” This directly reflects intra-sentential mixing — where English phrases

are inserted into otherwise Indonesian sentences.

Also:

“... deliberate switching between languages...” This shows how intra-sentential

mixing is used stylistically to reflect psychol

[Link] Data Description of Code Switching

The phenomena of code switching was shown in the movie “A Copy of My

Mind” as a dynamic reflection of the protagonists' identities and social

circumstances. Character closeness, social standing, and identity nuances are

conveyed by code flipping, which is the practice of alternating between languages

33
or dialects during a single discussion.

For instance, the protagonists in this movie may speak in local or emotional

Indonesian, but when talking about international or technical issues, they switch to

English. According to situational theory in the study of code flipping, this language

switching is not only a linguistic variation but also reflects the social interactions

and situational variables that take place.

Theories like the Markedness Model suggest that this movie's usage of code

switching serves as a In this movie, code flipping serves as both a symbol of

identification and a tool to indicate contextual distinctions. A language that is "less

common" or more "associated with a particular status" emerges as a symbol of

emphasis or differentiation, and characters who strategically switch languages do so

to reflect a shift in attitude or a desire to negotiate their social identity. From a

practical standpoint, code-switching in a copy of my mind can also be seen as a

successful communication technique to more accurately transmit complicated

messages, express emotions, and establish close connections between characters.

This demonstrates how language use in films serves as a mirror of social and

cultural processes in the contemporary world in addition to serving as a means of

information exchange.

Inter-sentential Code Switching

Definition: Language alternation occurs between complete sentences or clauses.

Implied Examples:

“The protagonists in this movie may speak in local or emotional Indonesian, but

34
when talking about international or technical issues, they switch to English.”

This suggests the characters alternate full sentences depending on the subject matter

(e.g., Indonesian when emotional, English when discussing technical topics).

Example: A character says in Indonesian, “Saya nggak bisa tidur tadi malam,”

followed by, “The project deadline is stressing me out.” (first sentence in

Indonesian, second in English).

“This demonstrates how language use in films serves as a mirror of social and

cultural processes...”

Suggests complete shifts between English and Indonesian to mirror shifting social

roles or environments.

[Link]-sentential Code Mixing:

[Link]’s your name?

2. Saya kerja di optik, tapi itu pun Cuma buat bayar kontrakan dan hidup sehari-

hari, Not enough.

[Link] just massage, you know. No extra.

[Link] wanna eat something?

5. He said he wants me to go back to work. Tapi aku udah nggak mau lagi.

6. Massage lagi?

[Link] is stupid.

8.I’ll be back.

[Link] like it?

10.I feel like I want to cry.

[Link] kamu pakai earphone. More clear.

35
[Link] wanna die?

13.I want to kill that man.

14. You wanna live with me?

[Link]-sentential Code Mixing:

1. Oke, I’ll take you there.

(Indonesian word “Oke” is followed by an English clause in the same

sentence. The code mixing happens within one clause.)

2. I want to kill that man.

3. No, itu udah termasuk harga untuk mask dan pembersih muka

(English word “No” and “mask” are integrated into an Indonesian

sentence. The switch is inside the clause.)

4. Ini, aku ambilkan CD-nya sekalian.

(“CD” (English acronym) is embedded in an otherwise Indonesian

sentence. This is intra-sentential.)

5. Sorry, ya, nggak bisa ngasih lebih

(English interjection “Sorry” is used naturally at the beginning of an

Indonesian clause.)

6. Tapi aku pikir kamu strong

( English adjective “strong” is used as the object in an Indonesian sentence

— a single mixed clause.)

36
7. Dia tadi minta massage full body

(English noun phrase “massage full body” is embedded in an Indonesian

structure. This is a textbook intra-sentential mix.)

8. Cuma buat nonton DVD horror doang

( “DVD horror” is an English noun phrase mixed within an Indonesian

clause.)

9. Dia bilang aku sexy

(“Sexy” is an English adjective inserted into the Indonesian clause — all

in one sentence.)

10. Kamu jangan egois, oke

(Indonesian imperative with English tag “oke” at the end — within the

same sentence.)

11. Aku nggak bisa full service, ya

(“Full service” is an English phrase in the middle of an Indonesian

sentence — mixing occurs intra-clause.)

12. Kamu ada schedule kerja hari ini

(English noun “schedule” appears inside the Indonesian sentence

structure.)

13. Tolong ambilin softlens-nya di meja

(“Softlens” (English loanword) is part of an Indonesian clause — code

mixing within sentence.)

14. Dia suka banget sama horror movie

(“Horror movie” is an English noun phrase blended into an Indonesian

statement.)

37
Definition: Language alternation occurs within the same sentence.

Described/Implied Examples:

“A language that is ‘less common’

4.1.2 Data Analysis

[Link]-sentential Code Mixing:

[Link]’s your name?

( Full English sentence inserted in the flow of conversation — the switch

happens between sentences)

2. Saya kerja di optik, tapi itu pun Cuma buat bayar kontrakan dan hidup sehari-

hari, Not enough.

(The first sentence is in Indonesian; the next sentence is English. This is a

classic case of inter-sentential code mixing.)

[Link] just massage, you know. No extra.

(Two full English sentences possibly used between Indonesian exchanges,

forming inter-sentential switches.)

[Link] wanna eat something?

( standalone English sentence inserted within a scene that otherwise involves

Indonesian dialogue.)

5. He said he wants me to go back to work. Tapi aku udah nggak mau lagi.

( A complete English sentence followed by a separate Indonesian sentence

— the switch is sentence-level.)

38
6. Dia minta pelayanan biasa aja,No extra.

[Link] is stupid.

( A standalone English sentence used amidst otherwise Indonesian

conversation, thus qualifying as inter-sentential.)

8.I’ll be back.

(English sentence likely inserted between Indonesian sentences.)

[Link] like it?

( English sentence used independently in bilingual dialogue.)

10.I feel like I want to cry.

(Full English sentence used in sequence with Indonesian ones.)

[Link] kamu pakai earphone. More clear.

(Indonesian sentence followed by an English sentence — the switch is at the

sentence boundary.)

[Link] wanna die?

( English sentence used standalone in an otherwise Indonesian interaction.)

13.I want to kill that man.

( Another standalone English sentence placed within multilingual

conversation.)

14. you wanna live with me?

(Entire English sentence used between Indonesian context — sentence-level

switching.)

b.

39
[Link] Data Analysis of Code Mixing

1. Identify Code Mixing

In the transcript, there is some use of code mixing between Indonesian and

English. Examples of the use of code mixing in this film include:

- "Dandruff kosong.”

- "Green tea kosong.”

- "Karena klien sangat suka cara dia melulur stretches.”

- “Also seperti aku bilang tadi, klien-klien kami sangat berbeda".

- Biar keliatan lebih sedikit berkelas, soalnya klien-klien di sini agak gimana

gitu.”

2. Code Mixing Type

Based on the classification of Hoffman (1991) and Muysken (2000), code

mixing in this film is divided into:

 Insertional Mixing (Insertion of Words or Phrases)

Example:

a. “Teksnya udah.”

b. “Kalau hard sell enggak usah di-push.”

 Alternational Mixing (Switching between Languages)

Example:

a. "Also seperti aku bilang tadi, klien-klien kami sangat berbeda.”

b. “Biar keliatan lebih sedikit berkelas, soalnya klien-klien di sini agak

gimana gitu.”

 Congruent Lexicalization (Mixing the Same Language Structures)

40
 a. Not too dominant in this film, but there are several examples such as:

 "Home theater gue tuh TV-nya suka mati-mati".

3. Context of Using Code Mixing Several reasons why code mixing is used in this

film's dialogue:

- Influence of Globalization and Modernity

English words, such as “dandruff,” “green tea,” and “home theater,” are

used because they are more common in the context of the beauty and

entertainment industries.

- Shows Social Status and Professionalism

Characters in the salon use English to appear more professional and classy,

especially when serving premium clients.

- Casual Speaking Style and Everyday Conversation

The use of code mixing reflects the way of speaking of urban people who

are accustomed to inserting English terms into their conversations.

[Link] Data Analysis of Code Switching

1. Identify Code Switching Patterns

Code switching that occurs in dialogue can be in the form of switching between

languages (for example, from Indonesian to English) or between variations of

language (for example, from formal to informal language). From the transcript

provided, it can be seen that there are several instances where the characters use

English in the middle of a conversation which is mostly in Indonesian, for

example:

a. Because the klien sangat suka cara dia... melulur."

b. Also seperti aku bilang tadi, klien-klien kami sangat berbeda."

2. Type of Code-Switching Used

41
 Based on code-switching theory (for example from Poplack, 1980), several

types that can be found in these transcripts include:

a. Inter-sentential switching: Language switching between sentences, such as

when one sentence is in Indonesian, then the next sentence is in English.

b. Intra-sentential switching: Switching language in one sentence, such as

"Because the klien sangat suka cara dia... melulur."

c. Tag-switching: Using short phrases or words from another language in

conversation, for example "Also" in the middle of a sentence in Indonesian.

3. Function and Motivation of Code-Switching Some reasons why characters in

movies use code-switching:

a. Social status and professionalism: In the world of work, especially in the

beauty sector, the use of English can serve to show professionalism or to

conform to client expectations.

b. Influence of globalization : The use of terms such as "training," "clientele,"

and "home theater" shows the influence of globalization in everyday

language.

c. Character identity creation: Characters who are more modern or work in an

international environment tend to use code-switching more often.

4.2 Discussion of the Results Research

1. Code Mixing in the Film

- Types of Code Mixing:

The film exhibits insertional mixing (adding English words like "dandruff" and

"green tea"), alternational mixing (switching between Indonesian and English

in one sentence), and congruent lexicalization (mixing elements of both

42
 languages while maintaining structural consistency).

- Function of Code Mixing:

• Reflects globalization and modernity, as English is often used in the beauty

and entertainment industries.

• Highlights social status and professionalism, particularly in workplace

settings.

• Captures the casual and urban communication style, where Indonesian

speakers naturally integrate English terms.

2. Code Switching in the Film

- Patterns of Code Switching:

Characters switch between languages depending on context and purpose, often

using English when discussing technical or professional topics but reverting to

Indonesian for personal or emotional conversations.

- Types of Code Switching:

• Inter-sentential switching (changing languages between sentences).

• Intra-sentential switching (switching within a single sentence).

• Tag-switching(adding English phrases like “also” to an Indonesian

sentence).

- Function and Motivation:

• Professionalism and social status: Using English conveys competence in

a globalized work environment.

• Globalization influence: The inclusion of English terms mirrors modern

linguistic trends.

• Identity creation : Characters with higher exposure to global culture use

more English.

43
No Code Mixing Code Switching

1 Noun (Noun) From Indonesian to English Some characters

- Example: "I'm looking for a new DVD to use a mixture of Indonesian and English,
watch at home." especially when expressing emotions or
- The word "DVD" is used because it is showing an urban lifestyle.
more familiar in everyday conversation. Example: "I wanted to buy the DVD, but I'm
so tired today."
2 English Phrases From Indonesian to regional languages
- Example: "I just want to relax for a while There are moments when characters switch
after working all day." to regional languages, such as Javanese or
- The phrase "relax" is used to replace the Sundanese, to emphasize familiarity or
word "relax" in Indonesian. cultural background.
3 Use of English Verbs From Formal Language to Informal
- Example: "You have to focus if you want Language Characters often switch between
good results." formal and informal language, depending on
- The word “focus” is used to convey the context of the conversation or the
meaning more expressively. relationships between the characters.
Example: "Are you home?" (formal)
followed by, "Hey, what were you talking
about?" (informal)
4 English Phrases or Idioms Urban Slang Mix The dialogue in this film
- Example: "It's not a big problem, just a reflects urban life with the use of slang such
small problem." as "how" or "gue" which is often combined
- The phrase “It’s not a big deal” combined with phrases from other languages.
with Indonesian.
5 Mixtures in Complex Sentences Code Switching in the World of Work In the
- Example: "Watching this film made me scene where Sari works at the salon, she
feel connected to the character's story." uses more polite or formal language towards
- The word “connected” is used because it customers, but switches to casual language
is considered more natural in that context. when talking to her co-workers.
6 Adjectives (Adjectives)
- Example: "The salon where I work is very
basic."
- The word "basic" is used to describe
something that is simple or standard.
7 Influence of Media and Technology
- Example: "My customer just asked me to
do artist-style hair styling on Instagram."
- The words "styling" and "Instagram"
reflect the influence of globalization and
social media.

44
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

In this research, the researcher has explored the phenomena of code

mixing and code switching as observed in the film "The Copy of My Mind."

Through in- depth analysis, the researcher found that the use of language in this

film serves not only as a communication tool but also reflects the social,

emotional, and cultural identities of its characters.

Firstly, the film analysis demonstrates that code mixing primarily occurs in

informal contexts, such as in the salon where Sari and her friends gather. In these

situations, characters often use a combination of Indonesian and English,

indicating a connection to global culture and the tendency of younger generations

to adopt elements of foreign languages in their daily communication.

Conversely, in more formal interactions, such as when Sari speaks with

government officials, code switching becomes evident. Sari tends to use standard

Indonesian, shifting to English to emphasize important points. This shift reflects a

high level of social awareness and shows how language is used to convey respect

and formality in specific contexts.

From the literature review, it was found that these phenomena align with

studies indicating that code mixing and code switching are characteristic features

of communication among youth in Indonesia. Previous research has suggested that

language mixing often reflects social status and group identity, which is also

evident in the interactions of characters within the film.

Overall, this study concludes that code mixing and code switching in "The

Copy of My Mind" function as reflections of broader social and cultural

45
dynamics.

46
The varied use of language not only enriches the film's narrative but also provides

insights into the identities and experiences of urban society in Jakarta. This

research underscores the importance of language in understanding the social and

emotional contexts within artistic works, inviting the audience to consider how

language shapes relationships among characters and the broader society.

5.2 Suggestions

1. Suggestions Based on Previous Research

Previous research on A Copy of My Mind has primarily focused on

linguistic aspects, such as code mixing and code switching, as reflections of social

status, globalization, and identity. Based on these studies, future researchers may

consider the following:

- Expanding Sociolinguistic Analysis:

Prior studies have analyzed the linguistic choices in the film, but further

research can explore how these choices impact audience perception and cultural

representation in Indonesian cinema.

- Comparative Studies:

Comparing A Copy of My Mind with other films by Joko Anwar or other

Indonesian directors could provide insights into whether linguistic patterns are

unique to this film or part of a broader trend in Indonesian filmmaking.

- Audience Interpretation:

Investigating how different audiences (local vs. international) perceive the

film’s use of multiple languages could offer a deeper understanding of how

language functions in storytelling.

47
2. Suggestions for Future Researchers

Given the growing interest in Indonesian cinema, sociolinguistics, and

globalization, future research could explore:

- Representation of Socioeconomic Issues:

The film not only showcases language dynamics but also highlights class

struggles, urban poverty, and political corruption. A deeper sociopolitical

analysis could examine how these themes are conveyed through dialogue,

cinematography, and character development.

- Digital and Media Studies Approach:

With the rise of streaming platforms, research could explore how A Copy of

My Mind and similar films are received in global digital markets and how

subtitles impact the interpretation of multilingual dialogues.

- Psychological and Identity Studies:

Analyzing how language use influences character identity and psychological

depth could provide new perspectives on how films shape social narratives.

- Gender and Power Dynamics in Language:

Investigating whether men and women in the film use code switching

differently could offer insights into gender-based linguistic patterns in

Indonesian society.

48
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