Q1 — Perfect Number + Multiplication Table

import [Link].*;

public class Q1 {

static boolean isPerfect(int n){

if(n<=1) return false;

int sum = 1;

for(int i=2; i*i<=n; i++){

if(n % i == 0){

sum += i;

if(i != n/i) sum += n / i;

return sum == n;

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

[Link]("Enter number: ");

int n = [Link]();

[Link](n + (isPerfect(n) ? " is a Perfect Number." : " is not a Perfect Number."));

[Link]("Multiplication table of " + n + ":");

for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) [Link](n + " x " + i + " = " + (n*i));

[Link]();

Line-by-line:

• import [Link].*; — brings in utility classes (here Scanner).

• public class Q1 { — defines the public class named Q1 — filename must be [Link].
 • static boolean isPerfect(int n){ — method that checks whether n is perfect; static so
we can call it without creating an object.

• if(n<=1) return false; — by definition, 1 and below are not perfect.

• int sum = 1; — start sum of proper divisors at 1 (1 is a divisor for all n>1).

• for(int i=2; i*i<=n; i++){ — loop i from 2 to sqrt(n) for efficiency.

• if(n % i == 0){ — if i divides n exactly, then:

• sum += i; — add divisor i.

• if(i != n/i) sum += n / i; — add the paired divisor n/i unless both are same (perfect
square case).

• return sum == n; — return true if sum of proper divisors equals n.

• public static void main(String[] args){ — program entry point.

• Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]); — create input reader.

• [Link]("Enter number: "); — prompt user.

• int n = [Link](); — read user integer.

• [Link](... isPerfect(n) ? ... ); — prints if the number is perfect (ternary

operator).

• for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) [Link](...); — prints multiplication table 1–10.

• [Link](); — closes the scanner to free input resource.

Viva focus: What is a perfect number? Why loop to sqrt(n)? Why start sum at 1?

Q2 — Harshad (Niven) Number + Table

import [Link].*;

public class Q2 {

static boolean isHarshad(int n){

int t = [Link](n), sum = 0;

while(t>0){ sum += t%10; t/=10; }

return sum!=0 && n % sum == 0;

public static void main(String[] args){

 Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

[Link]("Enter number: ");

int n = [Link]();

[Link](n + (isHarshad(n) ? " is a Harshad (Niven) number." : " is not a Harshad

number."));

for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) [Link](n+ " x " + i + " = " + (n*i));

[Link]();

Line-by-line:

• [Link](n) — takes absolute to sum digits when number might be negative.

• while(t>0){ sum += t%10; t/=10; } — repeatedly take last digit (t%10) and remove it
(t/=10) to compute digit sum.

• return sum!=0 && n % sum == 0; — true if digit-sum isn’t zero and n divisible by sum.

• Other lines as in Q1: reading input, printing results and table.

Viva focus: Explain digit extraction via % and /. What about n=0? (digit sum 0 — guard
prevents divide by zero)

Q3 — Car class (properties + behaviors)

public class Q3 {

static class Car {

String brand, color;

int speed;

Car(String b, String c){ brand=b; color=c; speed=0; }

void accelerate(int v){ speed += v; [Link]("Accelerating... Speed: "+speed); }

void brake(int v){ speed = [Link](0, speed - v); [Link]("Braking... Speed:

"+speed); }

void honk(){ [Link](brand + " says Beep Beep!"); }

}
 public static void main(String[] args){

Car c = new Car("Toyota","Red");

[Link](30);

[Link]();

[Link](10);

Line-by-line:

• static class Car — nested class for demo; fields brand, color, speed.

• Car(String b, String c){ brand=b; ... } — constructor initialises fields.

• void accelerate(int v){ speed += v; ... } — increases speed by v.

• void brake(int v){ speed = [Link](0, speed - v); ... } — decreases but not below 0.

• void honk() — prints honk with brand.

• Car c = new Car("Toyota","Red"); — creates new object.

• [Link](30); — call method on object.

Viva focus: OOP basics: fields vs methods vs constructor. Why use [Link]?

Q4 — String Compression

public class Q4 {

public static String compress(String s){

if(s==null || [Link]()==0) return "";

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

int n = [Link]();

for(int i=0;i<n;){

char ch = [Link](i);

int j = i;

while(j<n && [Link](j)==ch) j++;

[Link](ch).append(j-i);
 i = j;

return [Link]();

public static void main(String[] args){

[Link](compress("aaabbcccc")); // a3b2c4

Line-by-line:

• if(s==null || [Link]()==0) return ""; — handle empty or null input.

• StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); — efficient mutable string builder.

• for(int i=0;i<n;){ — note no i++ because i jumps by group size.

• char ch = [Link](i); — current character.

• while(j<n && [Link](j)==ch) j++; — find the end of the run of same chars.

• [Link](ch).append(j-i); — append character and its count.

• i = j; — move to next new character.

Viva focus: Complexity O(n). Why not use String concatenation every time?

Q5 — Student Attendance using Vector

import [Link].*;

public class Q5 {

public static void main(String[] args){

Vector<String> v = new Vector<>();

[Link]("Alice"); [Link]("Bob"); [Link](1, "Charlie"); // insert at index 1

[Link]("Bob"); // remove by value

[Link]("Contains Alice? " + [Link]("Alice"));

[Link]("Count: " + [Link]());

[Link](v);
 }

Line-by-line:

• Vector<String> v = new Vector<>(); — create synchronized list of Strings.

• [Link](1, "Charlie"); — insert at index 1 shifting others.

• [Link]("Bob"); — removes first occurrence by value.

• [Link]("Alice") — check membership.

• [Link]() — number of elements.

Viva focus: Difference between Vector and ArrayList (synchronization). How to iterate?

Q6 — Car mileage array (5 cars)

import [Link].*;

public class Q6 {

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

double[] m = new double[5];

double total = 0;

for(int i=0;i<5;i++){

[Link]("Mileage for car " + (i+1) + ": ");

m[i] = [Link]();

total += m[i];

[Link]([Link](m));

double max = m[0], min = m[0];

for(double x: m){ if(x>max) max=x; if(x<min) min=x; }

[Link]("Max: " + max + " Min: " + min + " Total: " + total + " Avg: " + (total/5));

[Link]();

}
}

Line-by-line:

• double[] m = new double[5]; — array for 5 mileage values.

• input loop reads each and accumulates total.

• [Link](m) — prints array nicely.

• loop to find max and min.

• average = total/5.

Viva focus: Why double? How to handle unknown number of cars (use ArrayList)?

Q7 — Student registration (constructors)

public class Q7 {

static class Student {

String name; int age;

Student(){ name = "Unknown"; age = 0; }

Student(String n, int a){ name = n; age = a; }

Student(Student other){ [Link] = [Link]; [Link] = [Link]; }

void display(){ [Link]("Name: " + name + ", Age: " + age); }

public static void main(String[] args){

Student s1 = new Student();

Student s2 = new Student("Riya", 19);

Student s3 = new Student(s2);

[Link](); [Link](); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• Three constructors: default (no args), parameterized, and copy constructor.

• Student(Student other) — copies fields from another Student.

 • display() prints fields.

Viva focus: Shallow vs deep copy (this is shallow, strings are immutable so safe).

Q8 — BankAccount (constructor overloading & chaining)

public class Q8 {

static class BankAccount {

String type, holder; double balance;

BankAccount(){ this("Savings", 0.0, "Unknown"); }

BankAccount(String type){ this(type, 0.0, "Unknown"); }

BankAccount(String type, double balance){ this(type, balance, "Unknown"); }

BankAccount(String type, double balance, String holder){

[Link] = type; [Link] = balance; [Link] = holder;

void display(){ [Link](holder + " | " + type + " | ₹" + balance); }

public static void main(String[] args){

BankAccount a1 = new BankAccount();

BankAccount a2 = new BankAccount("Current");

BankAccount a3 = new BankAccount("Savings", 5000);

BankAccount a4 = new BankAccount("Fixed", 10000, "Amit");

[Link](); [Link](); [Link](); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• this(...) — constructor chaining: one constructor calls another to avoid duplication.

• display() prints account summary.

Viva focus: Constructor chaining rules: must be first line inside constructor.
Q9 — Vehicle inventory (inheritance + super())

public class Q9 {

static class Vehicle {

String brand, model;

Vehicle(String b, String m){ brand=b; model=m; }

static class Car extends Vehicle {

String fuelType;

Car(String b, String m, String f){ super(b,m); fuelType = f; }

void display(){ [Link](brand + " " + model + " | Fuel: " + fuelType); }

public static void main(String[] args){

Car c = new Car("Honda","City","Petrol"); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• extends Vehicle — Car inherits fields and behavior from Vehicle.

• super(b,m); — call parent constructor to initialize brand and model.

Viva focus: Access levels (private vs protected vs public) and inheritance.

Q10 — HotelRoom (defaults, mapping, copy)

public class Q10 {

static class HotelRoom {

String type; int price;

HotelRoom(){ this("Standard"); }

HotelRoom(String type){

[Link] = type;

switch([Link]()){
 case "deluxe": price = 3500; break;

case "suite": price = 5000; break;

default: price = 2000;

HotelRoom(HotelRoom other){ [Link] = [Link]; [Link] = [Link]; }

void display(){ [Link](type + " Room | ₹" + price); }

public static void main(String[] args){

HotelRoom r1 = new HotelRoom();

HotelRoom r2 = new HotelRoom("Suite");

HotelRoom r3 = new HotelRoom(r2);

[Link](); [Link](); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• switch([Link]()) — handles case-insensitive input.

• default price of 2000.

Viva focus: Copy constructor purpose; switch vs if-else.

Q11 — Device interface + SmartFeature

public class Q11 {

interface Device{ void turnOn(); void turnOff(); }

interface SmartFeature{ void voiceControl(); }

static class Light implements Device, SmartFeature {

public void turnOn(){ [Link]("Light turned ON"); }

public void turnOff(){ [Link]("Light turned OFF"); }

public void voiceControl(){ [Link]("Light responding to voice command"); }

 }

static class Fan implements Device, SmartFeature {

public void turnOn(){ [Link]("Fan turned ON"); }

public void turnOff(){ [Link]("Fan turned OFF"); }

public void voiceControl(){ [Link]("Fan responding to voice command"); }

public static void main(String[] args){

Light l = new Light(); Fan f = new Fan();

[Link](); [Link]();

[Link](); [Link](); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• interface Device — declares method signatures only.

• Classes Light and Fan implement interfaces, must provide method bodies.

• implements Device, SmartFeature — allows multiple interface implementation.

Viva focus: Difference between class and interface. Since Java 8, interfaces can have default
methods.

Q12 — Car rental (abstract Vehicle)

public class Q12 {

static abstract class Vehicle {

String id;

Vehicle(String id){ [Link] = id; }

abstract double calculateRent(int days);

static class Car extends Vehicle {

double perDay = 1000;

 Car(String id){ super(id); }

double calculateRent(int days){ return days * perDay; }

static class Bike extends Vehicle {

double perDay = 500;

Bike(String id){ super(id); }

double calculateRent(int days){ return days * perDay; }

public static void main(String[] args){

Vehicle v1 = new Car("C1"); Vehicle v2 = new Bike("B1");

[Link]("Car rent for 3 days: ₹" + [Link](3));

[Link]("Bike rent for 4 days: ₹" + [Link](4));

Line-by-line:

• abstract class Vehicle cannot be instantiated and can contain abstract methods.

• Car and Bike must implement calculateRent.

Viva focus: When to use abstract class vs interface.

Q13 — Smartphone with interfaces

public class Q13 {

static class Phone { void makeCall(String number){ [Link]("Calling " + number +

"..."); } }

interface MusicPlayer{ void playMusic(); }

interface Camera{ void takePhoto(); }

static class SmartPhone extends Phone implements MusicPlayer, Camera {

public void playMusic(){ [Link]("Playing music..."); }

public void takePhoto(){ [Link]("Taking photo..."); }

 void videoCall(String number){ [Link]("Video calling " + number + "..."); }

public static void main(String[] args){

SmartPhone sp = new SmartPhone();

[Link]("9876543210"); [Link](); [Link](); [Link]("9876543210");

Line-by-line:

• SmartPhone extends Phone — reuses makeCall.

• implements MusicPlayer, Camera — enforces that playMusic and takePhoto are

defined.

Viva focus: Can SmartPhone inherit from two classes? (No — only one class, multiple
interfaces allowed.)

Q14 — Payroll system (abstract Employee)

public class Q14 {

static abstract class Employee {

String name;

Employee(String n){ name = n; }

abstract double calculatePay();

static class FullTimeEmployee extends Employee {

double salary;

FullTimeEmployee(String n, double s){ super(n); salary = s; }

double calculatePay(){ return salary; }

static class PartTimeEmployee extends Employee {

int hours; double rate;

PartTimeEmployee(String n, int h, double r){ super(n); hours=h; rate=r; }

 double calculatePay(){ return hours * rate; }

public static void main(String[] args){

Employee e1 = new FullTimeEmployee("Ravi", 25000);

Employee e2 = new PartTimeEmployee("Kiran", 40, 200);

[Link]([Link] + " earns ₹" + [Link]());

[Link]([Link] + " earns ₹" + [Link]());

Line-by-line:

• abstract double calculatePay() — must be implemented by subclasses to compute

salary.

• FullTimeEmployee returns fixed salary; PartTimeEmployee multiplies hours by rate.

Viva focus: Polymorphism: Employee e = new FullTimeEmployee(...) — you can call

calculatePay() without knowing exact subclass.

Q15 — Multiple inheritance via interfaces

public class Q15 {

interface A{ void showA(); }

interface B{ void showB(); }

static class C implements A, B {

public void showA(){ [Link]("Feature from A"); }

public void showB(){ [Link]("Feature from B"); }

public static void main(String[] args){

C obj = new C();

[Link](); [Link]();

}
Line-by-line:

• implements A, B — class C implements both interfaces, providing both methods. This

simulates multiple inheritance.

Viva focus: Why Java avoids multiple class inheritance (diamond problem).

Q16 — Area calculator (method overloading)

public class Q16 {

static int area(int side){ return side * side; }

static int area(int length, int breadth){ return length * breadth; }

static double area(double radius){ return [Link] * radius * radius; }

public static void main(String[] args){

[Link]("Square(5): " + area(5));

[Link]("Rectangle(4x6): " + area(4,6));

[Link]("Circle(r=3.5): " + area(3.5));

Line-by-line:

• Three area methods with different parameter lists — example of overloading.

• [Link] constant for circle area.

Viva focus: Overload resolution rules (compile-time).

Q17 — Phone call overloading & override

public class Q17 {

static class Phone {

void call(String number){ [Link]("Calling " + number); }

void call(String number, int duration){ [Link]("Calling " + number + " for " +
duration + " mins"); }

static class SmartPhone extends Phone {

 @Override

void call(String number){ [Link]("Video calling " + number); }

void call(String number, boolean video){ [Link]("Call " + number + " video? " +
video); }

public static void main(String[] args){

Phone p = new Phone(); SmartPhone s = new SmartPhone();

[Link]("9999999999"); [Link]("9999999999", 5);

[Link]("8888888888"); [Link]("8888888888", true);

Line-by-line:

• Phone has two overloaded call methods (different params).

• SmartPhone overrides the single-argument call(String) to change behavior.

• @Override — optional but recommended to ensure you really override a parent

method.

Viva focus: Difference between overloading and overriding.

Q18 — Employee salary overloading & Manager override

public class Q18 {

static class Employee {

double calculateSalary(double basic){ return basic; }

double calculateSalary(double basic, double bonus){ return basic + bonus; }

static class Manager extends Employee {

@Override

double calculateSalary(double basic){ return [Link](basic) + 0.2 * basic; }

public static void main(String[] args){

 Employee e = new Employee(); Manager m = new Manager();

[Link]("Employee: ₹" + [Link](30000));

[Link]("Employee with bonus: ₹" + [Link](30000, 5000));

[Link]("Manager: ₹" + [Link](40000));

Line-by-line:

• [Link](basic) — call parent method to reuse logic.

• 0.2 * basic — manager allowance added.

Viva focus: Use of super and why override.

Q19 — University student (average & pass/fail)

import [Link].*;

public class Q19 {

static class Student {

int rollNo; String name; int[] marks;

public Student(int r, String n, int[] m){ rollNo=r; name=n; marks=m; }

public double calculateAverage(){

int sum=0; for(int x: marks) sum += x; return sum / (double) [Link];

public void displayResult(){

double avg = calculateAverage();

[Link](name + " (" + rollNo + ") Avg: " + avg);

[Link]("Result: " + (avg >= 28 ? "PASS" : "FAIL"));

public static void main(String[] args){

int[] marks = {30,25,35};

 Student s1 = new Student(101, "Ravi", marks);

[Link]();

Line-by-line:

• for(int x: marks) — enhanced for loop to sum marks.

• sum / (double) [Link] — cast to double for fractional average.

• avg >= 28 ? "PASS" : "FAIL" — ternary to show pass/fail.

Viva focus: Why cast to double; what if marks array empty (divide by zero).

Q20 — Library Book management

public class Q20 {

static class Book {

int bookId; String title, author; boolean isAvailable = true;

public Book(int id, String t, String a){ bookId=id; title=t; author=a; }

public boolean issueBook(){

if(isAvailable){ isAvailable = false; [Link](title + " issued."); return true; }

[Link](title + " is not available."); return false;

public void returnBook(){ isAvailable = true; [Link](title + " returned."); }

public void displayDetails(){ [Link](bookId + " | " + title + " | " + author + " |
Available: " + isAvailable); }

public static void main(String[] args){

Book b1 = new Book(1, "Java Basics", "James Gosling"); [Link]();

[Link](); [Link]();

Line-by-line:
 • isAvailable tracks status.

• issueBook() returns boolean indicating success/failure.

• returnBook() sets available again.

Viva focus: How to store who issued it? (add issuedTo field) How to persist across runs?
(files/db)

Q21 — Calculator with exception handling

import [Link].*;

public class Q21 {

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

try{

[Link]("Num: "); double a = [Link]();

[Link]("Den: "); double b = [Link]();

if(b == 0) throw new ArithmeticException("Denominator zero");

[Link]("Result: " + (a / b));

} catch(InputMismatchException ime){

[Link]("Invalid input: enter numbers only.");

} catch(ArithmeticException ae){

[Link]("Error: " + [Link]());

} finally {

[Link]("Calculation attempt finished."); [Link]();

Line-by-line:

• try { ... } catch(...) { ... } finally { ... } — handles exceptions and guarantees finally runs.

• InputMismatchException — thrown if user types non-number when nextDouble()

expected.
 • if(b == 0) throw new ArithmeticException(...) — explicitly throw arithmetic error for
division by zero.

Viva focus: Difference between checked and unchecked exceptions (both caught here are
unchecked). finally will run even after return or exception.

Q22 — Result calculation with user-defined exception

import [Link].*;

class MarksOutOfBoundsException extends Exception { MarksOutOfBoundsException(String

msg){ super(msg); } }

public class Q22 {

static void checkMarks(int m) throws MarksOutOfBoundsException {

if(m < 0 || m > 100) throw new MarksOutOfBoundsException("Marks out of range: " + m);

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

[Link]("Enter marks (0-100): "); int m = [Link]();

try{ checkMarks(m); [Link]("Marks accepted: " + m); }

catch(MarksOutOfBoundsException e){ [Link]("Exception: " +

[Link]()); }

[Link]();

Line-by-line:

• class MarksOutOfBoundsException extends Exception — custom checked exception

type.

• throws MarksOutOfBoundsException — declares the method may throw this

exception; caller must handle it.

• throw new MarksOutOfBoundsException(...) — create and throw the exception when

marks invalid.
Viva focus: Checked vs unchecked exceptions. How to make it unchecked? (extend
RuntimeException)

Q23 — Bank minimum balance custom exception

import [Link].*;

class MinimumBalanceException extends Exception { MinimumBalanceException(String

msg){ super(msg); } }

public class Q23 {

static class Bank {

double balance = 2000;

void withdraw(double amt) throws MinimumBalanceException {

if(balance - amt < 1000) throw new MinimumBalanceException("Withdrawal denied!

Minimum balance ₹1000 required.");

balance -= amt; [Link]("Withdrawal successful. New balance: ₹" + balance);

public static void main(String[] args){

Scanner s = new Scanner([Link]);

Bank b = new Bank();

[Link]("Enter amount to withdraw: "); double amt = [Link]();

try{ [Link](amt); } catch(MinimumBalanceException e){

[Link]([Link]()); }

[Link]();

Line-by-line:

• MinimumBalanceException — custom checked exception for domain rule.

• withdraw(...) throws MinimumBalanceException — declaration to force caller to

handle.
 • If withdrawal would make balance < ₹1000, throw exception; otherwise update
balance.

Viva focus: Why use custom exception? How to handle transactions more robustly?

Q24 — Threads using Runnable

// [Link]

class Weather implements Runnable {

String type;

Weather(String t){ type=t; }

public void run(){

for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){

[Link](type+" reading "+i+" : "+([Link]()*100));

try{ [Link](500); }catch(Exception e){}

public class Q24 {

public static void main(String[] a){

Thread t1=new Thread(new Weather("Temperature"));

Thread t2=new Thread(new Weather("Humidity"));

Thread t3=new Thread(new Weather("Weather Report"));

[Link](); [Link](); [Link]();

Explanation

• Weather implements Runnable → defines a run() method executed by a thread.

• 3 threads created → each prints random readings.

• [Link](500) pauses half a second between readings.

• All 3 run concurrently.

 Viva Qs

1. Why use Runnable? → So class can extend another if needed; separates logic from
thread object.

2. Difference between start() and run()? → start() begins new thread; run() runs in same
thread.

3. How to make threads run sequentially? → Use join().

Q25 — Buffered File Read/Write

// [Link]

import [Link].*;

class Q25 {

public static void main(String[] a)throws Exception{

String s="Name: Rahul\nClass: 12-A\nRoll: 24";

FileOutputStream f=new FileOutputStream("[Link]");

BufferedOutputStream b=new BufferedOutputStream(f);

[Link]([Link]()); [Link]();

[Link]("File written.");

FileInputStream fi=new FileInputStream("[Link]");

BufferedInputStream bi=new BufferedInputStream(fi);

int i; while((i=[Link]())!=-1) [Link]((char)i);

[Link]();

Explanation

• BufferedOutputStream → writes efficiently using memory buffer.

• write() → sends bytes of your string to file.

• Then read with BufferedInputStream and print char by char.

 Viva Qs

1. Why use buffered streams? → Faster I/O by reducing disk access.

2. What is getBytes()? → Converts string to byte array for writing.

3. Which exception must be handled? → IOException.

Q26 — Swing Online Shopping Page

// [Link]

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

class Q26 {

public static void main(String[] a){

JFrame f=new JFrame("Shopping");

String items[]={"Laptop","Phone","Bag","Watch"};

JList<String> list=new JList<>(items);

JTextArea area=new JTextArea();

JButton add=new JButton("Add"), check=new JButton("Checkout");

[Link](e->{ [Link]([Link]()+"\n"); });

[Link](e->{
[Link](f,"Items:\n"+[Link]()); });

[Link](list); [Link](add); [Link](area); [Link](check);

[Link](new [Link]());

[Link](300,300); [Link](true);

[Link](JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

Explanation
 • JList shows item list; JTextArea displays cart.

• Add → appends selected item to cart.

• Checkout → shows dialog with all selected items.

• Uses simple FlowLayout for compact design.

Viva Qs

1. Which package has Swing classes? → [Link].

2. What does addActionListener do? → Handles button click event.

3. Difference between AWT and Swing? → Swing is lightweight and platform-

independent.

Q27 — AWT Simple Calculator

// [Link]

import [Link].*;

import [Link].*;

class Q27 extends Frame implements ActionListener{

TextField t1=new TextField(5), t2=new TextField(5);

Label res=new Label("Result:");

Button a=new Button("+"), s=new Button("-"), m=new Button("*"), d=new Button("/");

Q27(){

add(t1); add(t2); add(a); add(s); add(m); add(d); add(res);

setLayout(new FlowLayout()); setSize(250,150); setVisible(true);

[Link](this); [Link](this); [Link](this);

[Link](this);

addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent

e){dispose();}});

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){

double x=[Link]([Link]()), y=[Link]([Link]()), r=0;

 String op=[Link]();

if([Link]("+"))r=x+y; else if([Link]("-"))r=x-y;

else if([Link]("*"))r=x*y; else if([Link]("/"))r=y==0?0:x/y;

[Link]("Result: "+r);

public static void main(String[] a){ new Q27(); }

Explanation

• Extends Frame → main AWT window.

• Two TextFields for input; four Buttons for operations.

• actionPerformed does calculation and updates label.

• windowClosing closes the app safely.

Viva Qs

1. What does implements ActionListener mean? → Class handles button click events.

2. What happens if user types non-number? → NumberFormatException.

3. Why dispose() in windowClosing? → Closes the window properly.