Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings
Q: What are the states of matter?
A: Solid, liquid, and [Link]
Q: What is diffusion?
A: The mixing of particles of two substances by random [Link]
Q: Define latent heat of fusion.
A: The heat energy required to change 1 kg of a solid to a liquid at its melting point at
atmospheric [Link]
Q: Why do solids have a definite shape?
A: Because their particles are closely packed and can only vibrate about their fixed
[Link]
Chapter 2: Is Matter Around Us Pure?
Q: Define mixture.
A: When two or more substances are mixed together physically in any ratio, they form a
[Link]
Q: What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?
A: Homogeneous mixtures have uniform composition, heterogeneous mixtures do
[Link]
Q: What is a solution?
A: A homogeneous mixture of two or more [Link]
Chapter 3: Atoms and Molecules
Q: What is the law of conservation of mass?
A: Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical [Link]
Q: Define atomicity.
A: Number of atoms in a molecule of an [Link]
Q: What is a molecule?
A: Two or more atoms chemically bonded [Link]
Chapter 4: Structure of the Atom
Q: What is an atom?
A: The smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical [Link]
Q: What are isotopes?
A: Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers but the same atomic
[Link]
Q: Name the subatomic particles.
A: Proton, neutron, and [Link]
Chapter 5: The Fundamental Unit of Life
Q: What is the basic unit of life?
A: The [Link]
Q: Name the organelle known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell.
A: [Link]
Q: What is osmosis?
A: Movement of water from a region of high concentration to low concentration
through a semipermeable [Link]
Chapter 6: Tissues
Q: Name two types of plant tissues.
A: Meristematic and permanent [Link]
Q: What is the function of xylem?
A: Transport of water and minerals in [Link]
Q: What are the types of animal tissues?
A: Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous [Link]
Chapter 7: Motion
Q: Define distance and displacement.
A: Distance is the total path travelled. Displacement is the shortest distance between
initial and final [Link]
Q: What is acceleration?
A: The rate of change of velocity per unit [Link]
Q: Give the first equation of motion.
A: v=u+atv=u+at (where v = final velocity, u = initial velocity, a = acceleration, t =
time).[Link]
Chapter 8: Force and Laws of Motion
Q: State Newton’s First Law.
A: An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external
unbalanced [Link]
Q: What is inertia?
A: The tendency of objects to resist a change in their state of motion or [Link]
Q: State Newton’s Third Law.
A: For every action, there is an equal and opposite [Link]
Chapter 9: Gravitation
Q: State Newton’s law of gravitation.
A: Every object attracts every other object with a force proportional to their masses and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance between [Link]
Q: Define weight.
A: The force with which an object is attracted towards earth, i.e., W=mgW=[Link]-Class-
[Link]
Q: What is thrust?
A: The force acting normally on a [Link]
Chapter 10: Work and Energy
Q: Define work.
A: When a force moves an object through a distance in its direction, work is done:
W=F×sW=F×[Link]
Q: What is kinetic energy?
A: Energy possessed by a body due to its motion: KE=12mv2KE=[Link]
Q: State the law of conservation of energy.
A: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change [Link]
Chapter 11: Sound
Q: How is sound produced?
A: By vibrations of [Link]
Q: What determines the pitch of sound?
A: Frequency of [Link]
Q: What is the speed of sound in air?
A: 344 m/s344 m/s at room [Link]
Chapter 12: Improvement in Food Resources
Q: What is animal husbandry?
A: Care and management of livestock for food and other [Link]
Q: What is crop rotation?
A: Growing different crops alternately on the same land to improve soil [Link]-Class-
[Link]
Q: Why is organic farming important?
A: It avoids the use of chemicals and uses organic manures, improving crop health and
soil [Link]
Use these notes to quickly revise before your exam, and print them out as needed. They
cover every chapter and major topic from your syllabus, so nothing is [Link]-Class-
[Link]