THEME 1: NEWTON MECHANIC
Learning Standard
1.1 RESULTANT FORCE
1.1.1 Describe resultant force
1.1.2 Determine the resultant force
1.1.3 Communicate about resultant force, F when an object is:
(i) stationary, F = 0 N
(ii) moving with constant velocity, F = 0 N
(iii) moving with constant acceleration, F ǂ 0 N
1.1.4 Solve problems involving resultant force, mass and acceleration of an object.
1.1 RESULTANT FORCE
Two teams are competing in a tug-of-war competition. What determines which team win; moves to the left or
moves to the right?
State the meaning of resultant force
Situation 1: Two forces acting on an object in the same direction.
1. Calculate the resultant force. Which direction does the object move?
2. A horse pulls a cart with a force of 500 N. A farmer helped the horse by pushing the cart with 200 N force.
What is the resultant force?
Situation 2: Two forces acting on an object in the opposite direction
3. Calculate the resultant force. Which direction does the object move?
4. A horse pulled a cart with 500 N force. A farmer pulled the same cart with 200 N force but in opposite
direction. What is the resultant force?
Situation 3: Two forces that act on an object perpendicular to each other.
5. Consider the two forces as the sides of a rectangle.
(a) Complete the diagram
with the sides representing
the two forces that are
perpendicular to each
other.
(b) Draw the diagonal of
the rectangle that
represents the resultant
force, F of the two forces.
(c) Calculate the length of
the diagonal using
Pythagoras’ Theorem.
(d) Calculate the angle between the diagonal and one of the sides of the rectangle.
Situation 4: Two forces acting on an object in directions that are NOT perpendicular to each other
Parallelogram of forces method
to determine resultant force involving two forces acting at a point at an angle.
F1 = 1000 N
F2 = 2000 N
Excersice 1:
1. Parallelogram Methode
Set a scale. Using a ruler and protractor, draw the two forces, F1 and F2 from a point O.
Complete the parallelogram.
Draw the diagonal of the parallelogram. The diagonal represents the resultant force, F in magnitude and
direction.
5. Total weight of the lift and passengers are 6 400 N. The tension of the lift cable is 8 000 N.
5. What is the resultant
Total weight force
of the lift and acting on
passengers arethe lift?
6 400 N. The tension of the lift cable is 8 000 N.
What is the resultant force acting on the lift?
Aim: To discuss the resultant force that acts on an object with the aid of free body diagrams.
Aim: To discuss the resultant force that acts on an object with the aid of free body diagrams.
1. A free body diagram of an object is a diagram that shows all the forces acting on that object only.
1. A free body diagram of an object is a diagram that shows all the forces acting on that object only.
ShowShow
and label all the forces act on an object.
and label all the forces act on an object.
Free Free
bodybody
diagram
diagram Name
Name the
the force
force
R =R =
WW
==
W=
W=
W=
T=
Direction of motion R=
W=
T=
f=
2. Complete table below to the information on the magnitude of the resultant force on an object in different
states of motion.
States of motion Comparison between forces acted
a. Car in a stationary state
velocity, v = ____
States of motion Comparison between forces acted
a. Car in a stationary state 2. Complete table below to the information on the magnitude of the resultant force on an o
states of motion.
velocity, v = ____
Acceleration, a = ____
Resultant force, F = ___
b. Car moving with a uniform velocity
velocity, v = ____
Acceleration, a = ____
Resultant force, F = ___
States of motion Comparison between force
a. Car in a stationary state
c. Car moving with a uniform acceleration
velocity, v = ____ velocity, v = ____
Acceleration, a = ____ Acceleration, a = ____
Resultant force, F = ___
Resultant force, F = ___
1. Diagram shows a coconut of mass 2.0 kg falling with an acceleration of 9.0 ms-2.
im: Solving
Aim: Problems
Solving Involving
Problems Resultant
Involving Force,
Resultant MassMass
Force, andand
Acceleration on an
Acceleration onObject
an Object
. A. Object
Object moves
moves or (a)
horizontally
horizontally Sketch the free body diagram
or vertically
vertically
. [Link]
Diagram shows
shows a coconut
a coconut of mass
of mass 2.0 2.0
kg kg falling
offalling
the withwith an acceleration
an acceleration
coconut. of 9.0
of 9.0 ms-2ms
. -2.
(a) Sketch
(a) Sketch the the
freefree
bodybody diagram
diagram
of the
of the coconut.
coconut.
(b) Calculate the resultant force acting on the coconut.
(b) Calculate the resultant force acting on the coconut.
(c) State the direction of resultant force.
b) (b) Calculate
Calculate the the resultant
resultant (b)
force
force Calculate
acting
acting the
on the
on the resultant force acting on the coconut.
coconut.
coconut.
(c) State the direction of resultant force.
(d) What is the magnitude of the air resistance acting on the coconut?
[Gravitational acceleration, g = 9.81 ms-2]
amazing Physics with Tc
2. A box of mass 50 kg is pushed by a force of 200 N on a floor. The frictional force against the motion is 50 N.
What is the acceleration of the box?
B. Passenger in a lift (refer smart notes Force & Motion: page 16-19)
A girl is inside a lift. She is standing on a weighing machine. The weight of the girl, W acts downward and a
normal R, acts on the upwards direction
Stationary Lift The lift moves upward with an The lift moves downward with
-2 -2
B. Passenger in a lift (refer smart notes Force & Motion: page 16-19)
A girl is inside a lift. She is standing on a weighing machine. The weight of the girl, W acts downward and a
normal R, acts on the upwards direction
Stationary Lift The lift moves upward with an The lift moves downward with
Also moves upwards or acceleration of a ms-2 an acceleration of a ms-2
downwards with uniform speed
Resultant force F = 0 N Resultant force, F is upwards Resultant force, F is downwards
F = R – mg = 0 R > mg mg > R
R = mg F = ma F = ma
F = R – mg F = mg – R
= ma = ma
R = mg + ma R = mg – ma
The reading on the weighing scale The reading on the weighing scale The reading on the weighing scale
is equal the weight of the girl is larger is smaller
3. A boy of mass 50 kg is inside a lift.
(a) Sketch the free body diagram using the symbol W and R (ii) moving upward with an acceleration of 2 ms-2
[g = 9.81 ms-2]
(iii) move downwards with an acceleration of 1.5 ms-1.
(c) Calculate the magnitude of the normal reaction force, R when the lift is:
(i) stationary
C. Object is pulled by a pulley (refer smart notes Force & Motion: page 27)
Calculate resultant
force, F
Finding the
moving mass, m
Calculate
acceleration, a
Calculate tension
of the string, T
moves with an acceleration of 5.0 ms-2 against a friction of 4.0 N.
4. Diagram shows a trolley of mass 2.0 kg being pulled on a table by a load through a pulley. The trolley
moves with an acceleration of 5.0 ms-2 against a friction of 4.0 N.
(a) Sketch the free body diagram of the trolley and the load. Use:
W = the weight of the trolley,
(a) Sketch the free body diagram of the trolley and the load. Use:
R = normal reaction force on the trolley,
W = the weight of the trolley,
G = friction, T = tension of the string and
R = normal reaction force on the trolley,
B = weight of the load.
G = friction, T = tension of the string and
B = weight of the load.
(b) Compare the weight of the trolley, W with normal reaction force, N
(b) Compare the weight of the trolley, W with normal reaction force, N
(c) calculate the resultant force acting on the trolley, F
(d) Calculate the tension in the string pulling the trolley, T
(e) What is the mass of the load, m?
[gravitational acceleration, g = 9.81 ms-2]
amazing Physics with Tcer Alina 16
Diagram 1 shows
2. Diagram a lady aislady
1 shows riding along aalong
is riding road aatroad
a constant [Link].
at a constant
The total
Theoftotal
downward force acting
of downward on the on
force acting bicycle and theand
the bicycle cyclist
the iscyclist
650 isN. 650
The normal reactionreaction
N. The normal of the front
of the front
tyre is tyre
300isN300
and Nforward thrust is
and forward 200 isN.200 N.
thrust
Calculate the normal
(a) Calculate reaction
the normal ,P acting
reaction on the on
,P acting rearthe
tyre . tyre .
rear
Give one reason why the total resistance, Q should be 200 N at that moment?
(b) Give one reason why the total resistance, Q should be 200 N at that moment?
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What will happen when the forward thrust is increased?
(c) What will happen when the forward thrust is increased?
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(d) Why the lady thrown forward when the bicycle runs over a stone.?
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(e) Explain why the lady can gets serious injuries if she falls into the road which the surface is very hard.
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