KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN
PATNA REGION
PRE BOARD-1 2025 - 26
CLASS 10 SUB: SCIENCE Time Allowed: 3 H MM : 80
General Instructions:
(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 3 sections. Section A is Biology;
Section B is Chemistry and Section C is Physics.
(ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some
questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
SECTION-A
1 A sportsman, after a long break of his routine exercise, suffered muscular cramps 1
during a heavy exercise session. This happened due to:
a) Lack of carbon dioxide and formation of pyruvate.
b) Presence of oxygen and formation of ethanol.
c) Lack of oxygen and formation of lactic acid.
d) Lack of oxygen and formation of carbon dioxide
2 Consider the following statements in connection with the functions of the blood vessels 1
marked A and B in the diagram of a human heart as shown.
(i)Blood vessel A - It carries carbon dioxide rich blood to the lungs.
(ii) Blood vessel B - It carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs.
(iii) Blood vessel B - Left atrium relaxes as it receives blood from this blood vessel
(iv)Blood vessel A - Right atrium has thick muscular wall as it has to pump blood to
this blood vessel.
The correct statements are
(a) (i) and (ii) only
(b) (ii) and (iii) only
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii).
3 Identify which of the following statements about thyroxin is incorrect? 1
(a) Thyroid gland requires iodine to synthesize thyroxin.
(b) Thyroxin is also called thyroid hormone.
(c) It regulates protein, carbohydrates and fat metabolism in the body.
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(d) Iron is essential for the synthesis of thyroxin.
4 The rapid spreading of bread mould on slices of bread are due to: 1
(i) Presence of large number of spores in air
(ii) Presence of large number of thread-like branched hyphae
(iii) Presence of moisture and nutrients
(iv) Formation of round shaped sporangia
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
5 A pregnant woman has an equal chance of her baby being blood group A or blood 1
group AB. Which one of the following shows the possible genotypes of the woman and
the father of her child?
(a) IA IA and IB IO
(b) IA IB and IB IO
(c) IA IO and IB IO
(d) IO IB and IA IO
Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
6 Assertion: Accumulation of variation in a species increases the chances of its survival 1
in changing environment.
Reason: Accumulation of heat resistance in some bacteria ensures their survival even
when temperature in environment rises too much.
7 Assertion : When pea plants (pureline) having round yellow seeds are crossed with 1
pureline plants having wrinkled green seeds, then all pea plants obtained in F1,
generation bear wrinkled green seeds.
Reason: Round and yellow seeds are dominant to wrinkled and green seeds.
8 Give reasons: 2
(a) Ventricles have thicker muscular walls than atria.
(b) Transport system in plants is slow.
9 We often hear people complain about 'acidity' in the stomach. 2
(a) Overproduction of what substance is most likely the reason for the complaint?
(b) Why is the production of this substance necessary?
10 A cheetah, on seeing a prey moves towards him at a very high speed. What causes the 2
movement of his muscles? How does the chemistry of cellular components of muscles
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change during this event?
OR
(a) Draw a neat diagram of a neuron and label (i) dendrite and (ii) axon.
(b) Which part of the human brain is:
(i) The main thinking part of the brain?
(ii) Responsible for maintaining the posture and balance of the body?
11 (a)From the following group of organisms create a food chain which is most 2
advantageous for human beings in terms of energy.
Hawk, Rat, Cereal plant, Goat, Snake, Human being
(b)Calculate the amount of energy available to the organisms at the fourth trophic level.
If the energy available to the organisms at the second trophic level is 2000 J.
(c)State the possible disadvantage if the cereal plant is growing in soil rich in
pesticides.
12 (a) A graph was plotted to show the energy output of two types of respiration. Identify 3
the types of respiration denoted by curves A and B .
(b) In the experimental set-up shown above in diagram (I) atmospheric air is being
passed into lime water with a syringe while in diagram (II) air is being exhaled into
lime water. The time taken for the lime water to turn milky in both the test tubes is
different. Give reason.
(c) Plants uses a variety of techniques to get rid of waste material." Justify this
statement giving any two ways.
13 A gas ‘X’ which is a deadly poison is found at the higher levels of the atmosphere and 3
performs an essential function. Name the gas and write the function performed by this
gas in the atmosphere. Which chemical is linked to the decrease in the level of this gas?
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What measures have been taken by an international organization to check the depletion
of the layer containing this gas?
14 Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (iv). 4
Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the phenotypes is
completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to pollinate one flower of a plant
with smooth seeds using pollen from plant with wrinkled seeds. The resulting pea pod
has all smooth seeds.
(i) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
(1) The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.
(2) The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.
(3) The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
(ii) Which of the following crosses will give smooth and wrinkled seeds in same
proportion?
(a) RR x rr
(b) Rr x rr
(C) RRx Rr
(d) rr xrr
(iii) Which of the following cross can be used to determine the genotype of a plant with
dominant phenotype?
(a) RRx RR
(b) Rr x Rr
(c) Rr RR
(d) RR x rr
(iv)On crossing of two heterozygous smooth seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants
were obtained in F1 generation. What will be the respective number of smooth and
wrinkled seeds obtained in F1 generation?
(a) 750, 250
(b) 500, 500
(C) 800, 200
(d) 950, 50
OR
The two sexes participating in sexual reproduction must be somewhat different from
each other for a number of reasons. How is the sex of a newborn individual
determined? Different species use very different strategies for this. Some rely entirely
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on environmental cues. Thus, in some animals like a few reptiles, the temperature at
which fertilised eggs are kept determines whether the animals developing in the eggs
will be male or female. In other animals, such as snails, individuals can change sex,
indicating that sex is not genetically determined. However, in human beings, the sex of
the individual is largely genetically determined. In other words, the genes inherited
from our parents decide whether we will be boys or girls
Q1: How many chromosomes are there in human beings?
Q2: What are the pair of sex chromosome present in both male and female?
Q3: How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?
Q4: What are hermaphrodites?
15. (a) On the notice board of ultrasound clinics it is generally stated. “Here prenatal sex 5
determination and disclosure of sex (boy or girl before birth) of foetus is not done. It is
prohibited and punishable under law.” List two advantages of imposing ban on prenatal
sex determination.
(b) Name any two areas related to reproductive health which have improved over the
past 50 years in our country.
(c) Write two examples each of sexually transmitted diseases causes by (i) virus, (ii)
bacteria.
OR
(i) Identify the parts 'X' and 'Y' in the figure given below:
(ii) Name the yellowish coloured structures produced by the part labelled as 'Y'.
(iii) Write the name of the process by which these are transferred to the part labelled as
'X'.
(iv) Explain the process of seed formation in a flowering plant.
SECTION-B
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16 The emission of brown fumes in the given 1
experimental set-up is due to:
(a) Thermal decomposition of lead nitrate which
produces brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide.
(b) Thermal decomposition of lead nitrate which
produces brown fumes of lead oxide.
(c) Oxidation of lead nitrate forming lead oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
(d) Oxidation of lead nitrate forming lead oxide and oxygen.
17 Consider the following chemical equation: 1
pAl + qH₂O → rAl₂O₃ + sH₂
To balance this equation, the values of ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘r’, and ‘s’ are:
(a) 3, 2, 2, 1
(b) 2, 3, 3, 1
(c) 2, 3, 1, 3
(d) 3, 1, 2, 2
18 The warning sign shown in the given figure must invariably be displayed/pasted on the 1
containers which contain hydroxide:
(a) Aluminium
(b) Calcium
(c) Sodium
(d) Magnesium
19 When a mixture of baking soda and tartaric acid is heated (or mixed in water) a product 1
‘X’ is formed, which is responsible for making breads and cakes soft and spongy. The
product ‘X’ is
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Carbon monoxide
(c) Sodium tartrate
(d) Hydrogen
20 Reaction between two elements A and B forms a compound C. A loses electrons and B 1
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gains electrons. Which one of the following properties will not be shown by compound
C?
(a) It has high melting point.
(b) It is highly soluble in water.
(c) It has weak electrostatic forces of attraction between its oppositely charged ions.
(d) It conducts electricity in its molten state or aqueous solution.
21 Which of the following is the formula of Butanoic acid? 1
22 The apparatus given in the adjoining figure was set up to demonstrate electrical
conductivity. 1
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not base.
(ii) Bulb will glow because NaOH is a strong base and furnishes ions for conduction.
(iii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete.
(iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon the type of electrolytic solution
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (iv) only
Following question consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
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23 Assertion (A): Decomposition reactions are generally endothermic reactions. Reason 1
(R): Decomposition of organic matter into compost is an exothermic process.
24 Answer the following questions based on 2
the diagram given below:
(a) Why is the cathode made of pure
copper?
(b) What happens when an electric current
is passed through the setup shown in the
image?
25 Study the experimental set-up shown in the diagram and write a chemical equation for 3
the chemical reaction involved. Name and define the type of reaction. List two other
metals that can be used in place of iron to show the same type of reaction with copper
sulphate solution.
26 (a) Show the formation of magnesium chloride by electron transfer. Write the name of 3
the cation and anion present in the compound formed. (Atomic Number of Mg=12,
Cl=17)
(b) Cinnabar is an ore of a metal 'X'. When this ore is heated in air, it is first converted
into oxide of 'X' (XO) and then reduced to metal 'X' on further heating. Identify metal
'X' and write chemical equations for the reactions that occur in the above processes.
OR
With the help of an activity, explain the conditions under which iron articles get rusted.
27 Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (iv). 4
On the basis of reactivity of different metals with oxygen, water and acids as well as
displacement reactions, the metals have been arranged in the decreasing order of their
reactivities. This arrangement is known as activity series or reactivity series of metals.
The basis of reactivity is the tendency of metals to lose electrons. If a metal can lose
electrons easily to form positive ions, it will react readily with other substances.
Therefore, it will be a reactive metal. On the other hand, if a meal loses electrons less
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rapidly to form a positive ion, it will react slowly with other substances . Therefore, such
a metal will be less reactive.
(i) Which of the following metals is less reactive than hydrogen?
(a) Copper
(b) Zinc
(c) Magnesium
(d) Lead
(ii) Which of the following metals is more reactive than hydrogen?
(a) Mercury
(b) Platinum
(c) Iron
(d) Gold
(iii) Which of the following metals reacts vigorously with oxygen?
(a) Zinc
(b) Magnesium
(c) Sodium
(d) Copper
(iv) Which of the following represents the correct order of reactivity for the
given metals?
(a) Na > Mg > Al > Cu
(b) Mg > Na > Al > Cu
(c) Na > Mg > Cu > Al
(d) Mg > Al > Na > Cu
OR
Pratyush took sulfur powder on a spatula and heated it in a flame. He then collected the
gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it. After the reaction, he took two strips of
litmus paper (one dry and one moist) and exposed them to the collected gas. He
observed that the dry litmus paper showed no change, while the moist litmus paper
turned red.
(a) Identify the gas evolved and explain its effect on:
(i) Dry litmus paper (ii) Moist litmus paper
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.
(c) How does this experiment demonstrate the nature of the gas evolved?
28 (i) A compound 'X' having two carbon atoms in its molecule turns blue litmus red, and 5
a 5-8% solution of 'X' in water is widely used as a preservative. Identify the compound
'X' and write its structure.
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(ii)Compare its pH nature with a mineral acid.
(iii)'X' on reacting with alcohols produces sweet smelling compounds, used in making
perfumes. Name the reaction and write its chemical equation.
(iv)When sodium carbonate is added to 'X', a colourless gas is produced which turns
lime water milky. Write the chemical equation for the reaction giving the name of the
salt produced.
OR
More than three million carbon compounds have been discovered in the field of
chemistry. The diversity of these compounds is due to the capacity of carbon atoms for
bonding with one another as well as with other atoms. Most of the carbon compounds
are poor conductors of electricity and have low melting and boiling points.
(a) Write the molecular formula of first two members of homologous series having
functional group —Br.
(b) Given below are the formulae of some functional groups : Write the name of these
functional groups.
(c) What would be observed on adding a 5% alkaline potassium permanganate drop by
drop to some warm ethanol taken in a test tube? State the role of KMnO4 in the
reaction and write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
SECTION-C
29 Four identical resistors of 12 Ω each are connected in series to 1
form a square ABCD as shown in the figure. The resistance of the
network between the two points 1 and 2 is :
(a) 48 Ω
(b) 36 Ω
(c) 9 Ω
(d) 6 Ω
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30 Study the I-V graph for three resistors of resistances R1, R2 and R3 and select the 1
correct statement from the following:
(a) R1 = R2 = R3
(b) R1 > R2 > R3
(c) R3 > R2 > R1
(d) R2 > R3 > R1
31 An alpha particle enters a uniform magnetic field as shown. The direction of force 1
experienced by the alpha particle is ___
(a) Towards right
(b) towards left
(c) Into the page
(d) Out of the page
32 Which one of the following statements is not true about a bar magnet? 1
(a) It sets itself in north-south direction when suspended freely.
(b) It has attractive power for iron filings.
(c) It produces magnetic field lines.
(d) The direction of magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet is from its north pole to its
south pole
Following question consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
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(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
33 Assertion (A): The deflection of a compass needle placed near a current carrying wire 1
decreases when the magnitude of an electric current in the wire is increased.
Reason (R): Strength of the magnetic field at a point due to a current carrying
conductor increases on increasing the current in the conductor.
34 Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: 2
(i) Name the defect of vision represented in the diagram. List two causes of
this defect.
(ii) With the help of a diagram show how this defect of vision is corrected.
OR
Give reasons for the following.
(A) Danger signals installed at airports and at the top of tall buildings are of red colour.
(B) The sky appears dark to the passengers flying at very high altitudes.
35 (A) Complete the following ray diagram to show the formation of image: 3
(B) Mention the nature, position and size of the image formed in this case.
(C) State the sign of the image distance in this case using the Cartesian sign
convention.
36 (a) A divergent lens has a focal length of 30 cm. At what distance should an object of 3
height 5 cm from the optical centre of the lens be placed so that its image is
formed 15 cm away from the lens? Find the size of the image also.
(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in the above situation.
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37 (a) What happens when a bundle of wires of soft iron is placed inside the coil of a 3
solenoid carrying a steady current? Name the device obtained. Why is it called so?
(b) Draw the magnetic field lines inside a current carrying solenoid. What does this
pattern of magnetic field lines indicate?
38 Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (iv). 4
The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at
different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the
image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet
actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual.
A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the
object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole. the image formed is
virtual and erect.
A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror
is used as doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to
be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex
mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and
erect image of an object.
(i) When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the
image formed is
(a) larger than the object
(b) smaller than the object
(c) same size as that of the object
(d) highly enlarged.
(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The
mirror is likely to be
(a) plane
(b) concave
(c) convex
(d) either plane or convex.
(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her
head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the
legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic
mirror from the top.
(a) Plane, convex and concave
(b) Convex, concave and plane
(c) Concave, plane and convex
(d) Convex, plane and concave
(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use
(a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror
(b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror
(c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror
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(d) a plane mirror.
OR
The lenses forms different types of images when object placed at different locations.
When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes
through the focus or appears to come from the focus.
When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation.
If the object is placed between focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and
magnified image is formed.
As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image
moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the size of image goes
on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.
A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective to the
position of the object.
(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity
is
(a) at focus
(b) at 2F
(c) at optical center
(d) between Fand 2F
(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is
(a) real and smaller
(b) virtual and inverted
(c) virtual and smaller
(d) real and erect
(iii)The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of
convex lens is
(a) small
(b) point in size
(c) highly magnified
(d) same as that of object
(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is
(a) at F
(b) at 2 F on the other side
(c) at infinity
(d) between F and optical center
39 (A) An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 880 W when the heating is at the 5
maximum rate and 330 W when the heating is at the minimum. If the source voltage
is 220 V, calculate the current and resistance in each case.
(B) Find an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through
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a resistor for some time.
OR
(i) Write the relation between resistance R and electrical resistivity p of the material
of a conductor in the shape of cylinder of length l and area of cross-section A.
Hence derive the SI unit of electrical resistivity.
(ii) The resistance of a metal wire of length 3 m is 60 Ω. If the area of the cross-
section of the wire is 4 x 10-7 m, calculate the electrical resistivity of the wire.
(iii) State how electrical resistivity would be affected if the wire (of part ii) is stretched
so that its length is doubled. Justify your answer.
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