Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Pressure Changers
Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus
©2005 AspenTech. All Rights Reserved.
Lesson Objectives
• Introduce unit operation models used to change
pressure, such as Pumps and Compressors, and those
which model pressure drop, such as Pipes and Valves
Aspen Plus References:
Unit Operation Models Reference Manual, Chapter 6, Pressure Changers
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Pump Model
• The Pump block can be used to simulate:
– Pumps
– Hydraulic turbines
• Power requirement is calculated or input
• A Heater model can be used for pressure change
calculations only
• Pump is designed to handle a single liquid phase
• Vapor-liquid or vapor-liquid-liquid calculations can be
specified to check outlet stream phases
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Pump Performance Curves
• Rating can be done by specifying scalar parameters or a
pump performance curve:
– Dimensional curves:
• Head versus flow
• Power versus flow
– Dimensionless curves:
• Head coefficient versus flow coefficient
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Compr Model (1)
• The Compr block can be used to simulate:
– Polytropic centrifugal compressor
– Polytropic positive displacement compressor
– Isentropic compressor
– Isentropic turbine
• Power requirement is calculated or input
• A Heater model can be used for pressure change
calculations only
• Compr is designed to handle both single and multiple
phase calculations
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Compr Model (2)
• Rating can be done by specifying a compressor
performance curve:
– Dimensional curves:
• Head versus flow
• Power versus flow
– Dimensionless curves:
• Head coefficient versus flow coefficient
• Compr cannot handle performance curves for a turbine
• For multi-stage compressors, use MCompr
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
MCompr Model
• The MCompr block can be used to simulate:
– Multi-stage polytropic centrifugal compressor
– Multi-stage polytropic positive displacement compressor
– Multi-stage isentropic compressor
– Multi-stage isentropic turbine
• MCompr can have an intercooler between each stage,
and an aftercooler after the last stage
– You can perform one-, two-, or three- phase flash calculations
in the intercoolers
– Each cooler can have a liquid knockout stream, except the
cooler after the last stage
– Intercooler specifications apply to all subsequent coolers
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Work Streams
• Any number of inlet work streams can be specified for
pumps and compressors
• One outlet work stream can be specified for the net work
load from pumps or compressors
• The net work load is the sum of the inlet work streams
minus the actual (calculated) work
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Valve Model (1)
• The Valve block can be used to simulate:
– Control valves
– Pressure drop
• The pressure drop across a valve is related to the valve
flow coefficient
• Flow is assumed to be adiabatic
• Valve can perform single or multi-phase calculations
• The effect of head loss from pipe fittings can be included
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Valve Model (2)
• There are three types of calculations:
– Adiabatic flash for specified outlet pressure (pressure changer)
– Calculate valve flow coefficient for specified outlet pressure
(design)
– Calculate outlet pressure for specified valve (rating)
• Valve can check for choked flow
• Cavitation index can be calculated
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Pipe Model
• Pipe block calculates the pressure drop and heat transfer
in a single pipe segment
• Pipe can perform single or multiple phase calculations
• Calculation options:
– If the inlet pressure is known, Pipe calculates the outlet
pressure
– If the outlet pressure is known, Pipe calculates the inlet
pressure and updates the state variables of the inlet stream
• Entrance effects are not modeled
• Can implement fittings (valves, elbows, tees)
©2005 AspenTech. All Rights Reserved.
Pipeline Model
• Pipeline can be used for a multiple-segment pipe
• Pipeline can perform single or multiple phase
calculations
• Calculation options:
– If the inlet pressure is known, Pipeline calculates the outlet
pressure
– If the outlet pressure is known, Pipeline calculates the inlet
pressure and updates the state variables of the inlet stream
• Provides rigorous calculations of losses due to
acceleration, friction, and elevation
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Pressure Changers Demonstration
COMPR
VALVE
RECYCLE
RECYCLE2 Polytropic compressor
model using GPSA method
RECYCLE3 Outlet Pressure = 3 psig Discharge pressure = 5 psig
COOL
FEED
REAC-OUT COOL-OUT SEP
REACTOR
PRODUCT
Filename: [Link]
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Pressure Changers Workshop (1)
• Objective: Add pressure changer unit operations to the
Cyclohexane flowsheet
PURGE PURGE2
Isentropic COMP VALVE
H2RCY VFLOW
4 bar pressure change 20 bar outlet pressure
Globe valve
V810 equal percent flow
H2RCY2 VAP 1.5-in size
H2IN
FEED-MIX REACT
FEEDPUMP RXIN HP-SEP
LTENDS
BZIN2 RXOUT
BZIN
CHRCY3
Pump efficiency = 0.6 PIPE PUMP LIQ
Driver efficiency = 0.9 CHRCY2
CHRCY COLFD
Performance Curve Carbon Steel
Head Flow LFLOW
Schedule 40 26 bar outlet
[m] [cum/hr] 1-in diameter pressure PRODUCT
40 20 25-m length COLUMN
250 10
300 5
400 3 Filename: [Link]
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Process Modeling Using Aspen Plus Pressure Changers
Pressure Changers Workshop (2)
• Results
– Calculated Brake power for FEEDPUMP _________
– VALVE flow coefficient _________% opening _________
– Net work required to meet COMPR discharge P _________
– Total Pressure drop across the PIPE _________
• (Optional) Enter this Efficiency curve for FEEDPUMP:
– New Brake power value _________ Efficiency Flow
– Pump efficiency used _________ [fraction] [cum/hr]
0.60 20
0.62 10
0.61 5
0.60 3
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