Tutorial Four
Treatment of Water
1. A settling tank is designed for an overflow rate of 3 m/hr. What percentage of particles of
diameter 0.025 mm will be removed at 20°C. Take specific gravity 2.65.(TU,IOE,2054)
2. Find the dimension of circular sedimentation tank from the following data- (TU, IOE, 2054)
Volume of water to be treated = 3MLD
Detention period = 4 hours
Velocity of flow = 10 cm/min
Assume other data suitably
3. Find the diameter of spherical particle with a specific gravity of 1.4 is removed in tank
having a surface area of 300 m2 and treating 20 million liters of water per day. Assume
temperature of 20°C with kinematic viscosity of 1.01 centistokes. (TU, IOE, 2057).
4. Design a plain sedimentation tank for treating 5 MLD. Take detention period of 4 hours and
assume depth of 3.5 m. (TU,IOE,2059)
5. A continuous flow sedimentation tank has dimensions of 60 m length and 3 m depth. The
tank completely removes discrete particles of size 0.0025 cm and specific gravity of 2.65 at
20°C. Determine the flow velocity in the tank. (TU,IOE,2060)
6. Design slow sand filter for a population of 10000. Assume other data suitably.
(TU,IOE,2060)
7. Design a plain rectangular sedimentation tank for treating 4 million liter of water per day.
Assume other data suitably. (TU, IOE,2061,2072)
8. Determine the settling velocity of discrete particles having the diameter of 0.11 mm and
specific gravity of 2.60 in water. The temperature is 21°C. Assume necessary data suitably.
(TU,IOE,2064)
9. Design a filtration unit for a village community having the population of 2500 at the base
year 2058 with average water consumption rate of 45 LPS. Assume necessary data
suitably.(TU,IOE,2064)
10. In a continuous flow settling tank 20 m long and 2.5 m deep, what velocity of water would
you recommend for effective removal of 0.02 mm particles at 25°C? Assume specific gravity
of particles =2.65 and kinematic viscosity of water = 0.01 cm2/sec.
(TU,IOE,2066,2068,2069)
11. Design a rectangular sedimentation tank for a town to purify the water @ 8*106 liter per day.
Assume velocity flow as 15cm/min and detention period as 5 hrs. (TU,IOE,2067)
12. Design rapid sand filter unit for a community living in urban area with average consumption
rate of 110 lps with population of 5550. Assume other data suitably. (TU,IOE,2067)
13. Design a rectangular sedimentation tank for a town of population 20,000. The daily demand
is 120 [Link] velocity of flow as 15 cm/min and detention period as 4 hours. Assume
other data suitably as you need.(TU,IOE,2068)
14. Find the settling velocity of silica particles of size 0.02 cm with specific gravity of 2.65 in
water at 20°C. Take kinematic viscosity of water at 20°C as 1.007 centistokes.
(TU,IOE,2069)
15. How much quantity of bleaching powder is to be added in the treatment plant to disinfect 2
MLD of water if the dose of chlorine is 0.5 ppm. (TU,IOE,2069)
16. Determine the number and size of slow sand filter to serve a town with present population of
5000 having water supply rate of 110 lpcd. Take design period as 20 years and annual
population growth rate as 2.5%.Assume necessary data suitably. (TU,IOE,2069)
17. Find the quantity of alum and chlorine required in a treatment plant of capacity 12 MLD. If
optimum dose of alum is 3 mg/l and residual chlorine is expected in the distribution pipe is at
the concentration of 0.2 mg/l. (TU,IOE,2069)
18. An old tank having dimension of 11mX5 mX3m is available in a village. It is proposed to use
as a settling tank. At least 93% of particles having diameter of 0.025 mm, [Link].2.65 is
expected to remove on the tank at 20°C. What will be an overflow rate on using that tank?
Does the tank dimension is enough to remove 99%of particles having diameter 0.05 mm at at
the same conditions? (TU, IOE,2070)
19. A Rectangular sedimentation tank is to treat 10 MLD of water. A detention basin of width to
length ratio of 1/3 is proposed to trap all particles larger than0.04 mm in size. Assuming a
specific gravity of particles 20°C is 2.65, compute the tank dimensions. If the depth of the
tank is 3.5 m, calculate the detention time. (TU,IOE,2071)
20. Determine the amount of bleaching powder required annually in a water treatment plant
treating 10 MLD of water if 0.3 ppm of chlorine dose is required. Available bleaching
powder contains 27% of chlorine. (TU,IOE,2071)
21. A settling tank is designed for an overflow rate of 4000 l/m2/hr. What % of particles of size
0.02 mm will be removed in this tank at 10°C?
22. At a water treatment plant, 12 MLD of water is treated with alum dose of 16 mg/l. Find the
total quantity of alum used and amount of CO2 released?
23. Two primary settling basins are 25 m in diameter width 2.5 m side water depth. Single
effluent weirs are located on the peripheries of the tanks. For a water flow of 30000 m3/day,
Calculate-
i) Surface area and volume
ii) Overflow rate
iii) Detention time and
iv) Weir loading
Hint: Weir loading = discharge per unit length of weir. And length of weir = 𝜋𝐷
24. Calculate the size and number of rapid sand filter beds for the following data and show their
arrangements in plan
Population to be served = 150,000
Water demand = 200 lpcd
Filtration rate = 3000l/hr/m2
Length to width ratio = 1.3
25. A settling basin is to be designed to have a surface overflow rate of 5 mm/sec. determine the
overall removal obtained for a suspensions with size distribution given in table below. The
specific gravity of the particle is 1.2 and dynamic viscosity of water as 1.027 centipoise and
density of water as 0.997 gm/cm3
Particle size (mm) 0.1 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01
Weight fraction 10 15 40 70 93 99 100
greater than size
(%)
Hint: Draw cumulative distribution curve (Settling velocity vs Fraction of particles with
settling velocity less than stated)
Overall removal efficiency 𝑅 = (1 − 𝑋𝑆 ) + 1⁄ 𝑄 ∑ 𝑉𝑆 ′ ∆𝑋
(𝐵𝐿)
Or follow book or other resources.
26. A coagulation treatment plant with a flow of 0.6 m3/s is dosing alum at 24 mg/l. No other
chemicals being added. The raw water suspended solids concentration is 38 mg/l. The
effluent suspended solid concentration is measured is 12 mg/l. The sludge content is 1% and
specific gravity of sludge solid is 3.01. What volume of sludge must be disposed of each day?
27. A filter unit is 4.5 m X 9m. After filtering 10,000cubic meter per day in 24 hour period, the
filter is back washed @10 liter per second per m2 for 15 minutes. Compute the average
filtration rate, quantity and percentage of treated water used in washing and the rate of wash
water flow in each trough. Assume 4 troughs.
28. Calculate the quantity of bleaching powder required per year for disinfecting 5 MLD. The
dose of chlorine has to be0.3 ppm and the bleaching powder contains 30% of available
chlorine.
29. A sample of water contains 210 mg/l alkalinity,55 mg/l hardness as Cacl2 and 70 mg/l
hardness as MgSO4. Compute the quantities of lime and soda ash required to treat 1 million
liter of water. If in place of pure lime, slaked lime of 85% purity is available. Find the
required quantity of slaked lime.