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The brain and Central Nervous System

The main parts of the Occipital lobe processes
The Central Nervous brain are the cerebrum, light, letting us know what
System is made up of brainstem, and the we see located in the back
the brain and spinal base of the skull
cerebellum. The
cord. The brain what cerebrum has a large
controls what we part called cerebral
think, learn, and cortex which has four
feel the spinal cord is areas that are called
what carries messages lobes.
back and forth
Frontal lobe consists of all The brain stem is what
between the brain and the complex thinking, connects the brain and
nerves. decision making, planning spinal cord they work
located at the forehead. together to control the
The Central Nervous messages going in and out
The messages that the Parietal lobe processes
System is what controls information taste, touch of the brain.
all the bodies functions. brain sends travels
and temp it is located The cerebellum can be
It's in control of how we through the spinal
behind frontal lobe. called little brain due to its
feel, think, learn, move, cord Temporal lobe understands size it controls movement,
and talk. sounds and language balance, and coordination.
located near ears
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The heart and Circulatory System
The heart beats about The atria are separated At each body part
60 to 100 per minutes. from ventricles by the there are tiny blood
With each heartbeat the atrioventricular valves. vessels called
Tricuspid valve separates
heart sends blood capillaries which
right atrium from the
throughout our bodies, right ventricle. connect the small
carrying oxygen to all Mitral valve separates left artery branches to
the cells. atrium from left ventricle. small veins. Capillaries
then lead into the
The Circulatory
The Circulatory System Two parts of the small veins. The small
System carries circulatory System
is made up of blood veins lead to larger
nutrients, oxygen, and Pulmonary circulation a
vessels that carry away veins as the blood is
hormones to cells. short loo[ from the heart
blood from and towards approaching the heart.
The heart has four to the lungs and back.
the heart. Arteries Systemic circulation
chambers the two
carry blood away from carries blood from the
bottom are right
the heart and veins heart to other parts of the
ventricle and left
carry the blood back to body.
ventricle the two top
the heart.
chambers are right
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atrium and left atrium
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The lungs and Respiratory System
The lungs and the The pharynx is also The trachea lined with
respiratory system allow part of the digestive cilia sweep fluids and
us to breathe. They bring particles out of the
system, it carries both
oxygen into the body and airway. At the bottom end
food and air. At the of the trachea its divided
send carbon dioxide out. bottom of the pharynx into left and right air
The respiratory system the pathways is tubes called bronchi.
includes the nose, mouth, divided into two. The Where oxygen and carbon
throat, voice box, epiglottis, small flap of dioxide are located.
windpipe, and lungs tissue that covers air
only passage when we The way lungs and
Air enters the respiratory respiratory system works
swallow keeping any
system through either the is the cells in our bodies
liquid or food from need oxygen to stay
nose or mouth. Tiny hairs entering the lungs. alive. The lungs and
called cilia protect nasal respiratory system allow
passageways and other The nasal cavity and The larynx is the top oxygen to be taken into
parts, filtering dust or mouth meet at the of the air only pipe. the body while letting
other particles that enter pharynx, or throat, at Containing a pair of carbon dioxide to be
through the nose. the back of the nose or vocal cords. breathed out.
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mouth
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The Digestive System
Digestion begins when The small intestine then
The digestive system
you see or smell food turns semisolid food into
consists of the mouth,
the salivary fluid to absorb nutrients.
pharynx, esophagus, The pancreas and liver
stomach, intestines, glands release saliva so
help by sending digestive
and organs such as you have something to
juices into the small
liver. Gallbladder and moisten food when you intestine. The last part of
pancreas, breaks down start chewing. the digestive system is
Your then chewed up when the small. intestine
and process the food
food move into your sends leftover food to
we eat so that
esophagus from your your large intestine that
nutrients can be mouth. The esophagus food becomes poop.
absorbed from the uses a process called
intestines into the peristalsis to send the
circulatory system and food into your stomach.
transported into cells. The digestive system Your stomach then
turns your food into releases acid and
poop enzymes that break
down the food.
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The Immune system Cytokines proteins that
serve as chemical
The immune system The immune system can messengers that tell the
consists of physical, tell the difference immune system what to
cellular, and chemical between cells that are do.
defenses that provide Complement system a
yours and cells that don’t
group of proteins that
resistance to threats belong in your body. team up with other cells
like infected diseases Learns about any germs in your body to
or cancer. you’ve had contact with defend against any
The immune system and makes antibodies invaders.
protects us from against them. Lymph nodes small bean
getting sicks and when Send out the antibodies shaped organs like
injured or unwell it to destroy the germs. colanders.
promotes healing. The
immune system Going back to the
consists of white blood parts of our immune
cells, proteins, and system I mentioned the
Immune system
chemicals. They all white blood cells,
protected you from
work together in order their function is to
bacteria and viruses.
to protect the body eliminate harmful germs.
5
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The Reproductive System
The reproductive The main components to your fallopian tube
system is essential for during ovulation where
for female are ovaries,
propagating life. The fertilization by a sperm
fallopian, tubes, and
anatomy and can occur. The fertilized
physiology of the
uterus. Vagina and
egg moves then into the
reproductive system is external genitalia, and uterus where the uterine
different for women breasts. lining has thickened in
and men. The For male it is testes, response to the normal
production of sperm in spermatic ducts, hormones of the
the male is continual. seminal vesicles, menstrual cycle.
For females the urethra, penis,
production of eggs in prostate and
the female is cyclical. bulbourethral glands.
The ovaries and
testes also produce The function of the
For the female
hormones therefor form reproductive system it female reproductive
a part of the endocrine creates hormones, system is ovaries
system. produce eggs, these
fertility and eggs are transported-
menstruation,
 *
The Skeleton System
The skeleton system The skeleton system is When creating new blood
uses bones, cartilage what gives our bodies cells the bone marrow at
and ligaments to support and structure, the center of some of the
provide the body with bones produce new red
allows movement,
structural support and blood cells and white
makes blood cells, and blood cells the body
protection. It encases
provided protection for needs in order to stay
much of the
organs and stores healthy. When storing
nervous system within a
minerals. minerals bones hold your
protective skill and
The skeletal system body's supply of
vertebrae and the vital
also included important minerals like
organs of the calcium and vitamin D.
respiratory and connective tissue that
circulatory systems help the body stay
within the ribcage. The supported and safe
skeleton system as well while in movement.
supports the circulatory Human skeleton is like
and immune system by a built in armor for all
producing red and white the organs throughout
blood cells. the body for example
the skull protects the 7
 *
The Muscles
The muscular system The function of muscles There are three types of
is responsible for is to move the body. muscles skeletal cardiac
Voluntary movement are and smooth muscle.
generating movement,
actions we can control, Skeletal muscles work
both of the limbs, and with bones, tendons,
within other body whatever action you
ligaments to support the
systems such as the wish to do your muscles
body's weight they are
move our body in order
digestive system and voluntary.
to make it happen.
respiratory system. Cardiac muscle makes
Involuntary movement
In a human body there up the middle layers of
happens without us
is about 600 muscles the heart this is
having to even think
that are used involuntary muscle.
about, its automatic an
constantly. Some Smooth muscles are
example of this is the
muscles help move involuntary they are
muscles in and around
your body others the lines inside some of the
organs they move
internal organs. body's organs they
involuntarily to keep the
move waste through
body functioning
intestines and help
properly.
lungs expand when we
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breathe