Candidate

Centre Number Number

Candidate Name

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level

PHYSICS 8702/2
PAPER 2
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER SESSION 2001 1 hour

Candidates answer on the question paper.

No additional materials.

TIME 1 hour

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE

This question paper consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

SPA (NH/Ox) S09042/3
© CIE 2001 [Turn over
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Data

speed of light in free space, c = 3.00 × 10 8 m s –1

permeability of free space,
0 = 4 × 10 –7 H m–1

permittivity of free space, 0 = 8.85 × 10 –12 F m–1

elementary charge, e = 1.60 × 10 –19 C

the Planck constant, h = 6.63 × 10 –34 J s

unified atomic mass constant, u = 1.66 × 10 –27 kg

rest mass of electron, me = 9.11 × 10 –31 kg

rest mass of proton, mp = 1.67 × 10 –27 kg

molar gas constant, R = 8.31 J K –1 mol –1

the Avogadro constant, NA = 6.02 × 10 23 mol –1

the Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 × 10 –23 J K –1

gravitational constant, G = 6.67 × 10 –11 N m 2 kg –2

acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s –2

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Formulae

uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut +
 at 2

v 2 = u 2 + 2as

work done on/by a gas, W = pV

gravitational potential, φ = – Gm
r
simple harmonic motion, a = –
2x

velocity of particle in s.h.m., v = v0 cos
t

v = ±
√(x 20 – x 2)

resistors in series, R = R1 + R2 + . . .

resistors in parallel, 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + . . .

Q
electric potential, V=
40r
capacitors in series, 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + . . .

capacitors in parallel, C = C1 + C2 + . . .

energy of charged capacitor, W=
 QV

alternating current/voltage, x = x0 sin
t

hydrostatic pressure, p = qgh

Nm 2
pressure of an ideal gas, p=
 V
<c >

radioactive decay, x = x0 exp(– t )

decay constant,  = 0.693

t


3H02
critical density of matter in the Universe, q0 =
8G

equation of continuity, Av = constant

Bernoulli equation (simplified), p1 +
 qv12 = p2 +
 qv22

Stokes’ law, F = Ar v
qv r
Reynolds’ number, Re =

drag force in turbulent flow, F = Br 2qv 2
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Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 Distinguish between the mass of a body and its weight.

mass ........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

weight ......................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................[4]

2 A student determines the acceleration of free fall using the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 2.1.

electromagnet

ball

sensor
light beam

h timer

sensor
light beam

Fig. 2.1

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A steel ball is held on an electromagnet. When the electromagnet is switched off, the ball
immediately interrupts a beam of light and a timer is started. As the ball falls, it interrupts a
second beam of light and the timer is stopped. The vertical distance h between the light
beams and the time t recorded on the timer are noted. The procedure is repeated for
different values of h. The student calculates values of t 2 and then plots the graph of Fig. 2.2.

1.0
h/m

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
2 2
t /s

Fig. 2.2

(a) Use Fig. 2.2 to calculate a value for g, the acceleration of free fall of the ball. Explain
your working.

g = ...................................... m s–2 [4]

(b) Identify one possible source of random error in the determination of g and suggest how
this error may be reduced.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]
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3 (a) State the two conditions necessary for the equilibrium of a body which is acted upon by
a number of forces.

1. ......................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

2. ......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Three identical springs S1, S2 and S3 are attached to a point A such that the angle
between any two of the springs is 120°, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

S1

point A

120°
S3
60°
60°
120°

S2

Fig. 3.1

The springs have extended elastically and the extensions of S1 and S2 are x.
Determine, in terms of x, the extension of S3 such that the system of springs is in
equilibrium. Explain your working.

extension of S3 = ...................................... [3]

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(c) The lid of a box is hinged along one edge E, as shown in Fig. 3.2.

cord
F

E
box

Fig. 3.2

The lid is held open by means of a horizontal cord attached to the edge F of the lid. The
centre of gravity of the lid is at point C.

On Fig. 3.2 draw

(i) an arrow, labelled W, to represent the weight of the lid,

(ii) an arrow, labelled T, to represent the tension in the cord acting on the lid,

(iii) an arrow, labelled R, to represent the force of the hinge on the lid.
[3]

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4 A sphere has volume V and is made of metal of density ρ.

(a) Write down an expression for the mass m of the sphere in terms of V and ρ.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The sphere is immersed in a liquid. Explain the apparent loss in the weight of the sphere.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[3]

(c) The sphere in (b) has mass 2.0 x 10–3 kg. When the sphere is released, it eventually
falls in the liquid with a constant speed of 6.0 cm s–1.

(i) For this sphere travelling at constant speed, calculate

1. its kinetic energy,

kinetic energy = ...................................... J

2. its rate of loss of gravitational potential energy.

rate = ...................................... J s–1 [5]

(ii) Suggest why it is possible for the sphere to have constant kinetic energy whilst
losing potential energy at a steady rate.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[2]
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5 (a) In the following list of solids, underline those materials which are crystalline.

rubber copper nylon glass aluminium [2]

(b) The three graphs A, B and C of Fig. 5.1 represent the variation with extension x of the
tension F in specimens of three different materials. One of the materials is polymeric, one
is brittle and the other is ductile. They are not shown in that order in Fig. 5.1.

4 4
F/N F/N
3 3

2 2
A B
1 1

0 0
0 1 0 2 4
x/mm x/mm

4
F/N
3

2
C
1

0
0 20 40 60
x/mm

Fig. 5.1

(i) State the type of material which would produce the line shown in each graph.

Graph A is for a ................................................................ material.

Graph B is for a ................................................................ material.

Graph C is for a ................................................................ material. [2]

(ii) Use graph B to estimate the work done in stretching the specimen from 0 to 4 mm.

work done = ...................................... J [3]

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6 Light of frequency 4.8 x 1014 Hz is incident normally on a double slit, as illustrated in Fig. 6.1.

double slit
screen

light of
0.10 mm
frequency
4.8 × 1014 Hz 1.5 mm

2.6 m

Fig. 6.1 (not to scale)

Each slit of the double slit arrangement is 0.10 mm wide and the slits are separated by
1.5 mm. The pattern of fringes produced is observed on a screen at a distance 2.6 m from
the double slit.

(a) (i) Show that the width of each slit is approximately 160 times the wavelength of the
incident light.

[3]

(ii) Hence explain why the pattern of fringes on the screen is seen over a limited area
of the screen.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[3]

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(b) Calculate the separation of the fringes observed on the screen.

separation = ...................................... mm [3]

(c) The intensity of the light incident on the double slit is increased. State the effect, if any,
on the separation and on the appearance of the fringes.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[3]

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7 (a) A student has been asked to make an electric heater. The heater is to be rated as 12 V
60 W, and is to be constructed of wire of diameter 0.54 mm. The material of the wire has
resistivity 4.9 x 10–7 Ω m.

(i) Show that the resistance of the heater will be 2.4 Ω.

[2]

(ii) Calculate the length of wire required for the heater.

length = ...................................... m [3]

(b) Two cells of e.m.f. E1 and E2 are connected to resistors of resistance R1, R2 and R3 as
shown in Fig. 7.1.

E1
A F
Ι1
R1
R2
B E
Ι3

R3
E2
C D
Ι2

Fig. 7.1

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The currents I1, I2 and I3 in the various parts of the circuit are as shown.

(i) Write down an expression relating I1, I2 and I3.

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Use Kirchhoff’s second law to write down a relation between

1. E1, R1, R2, I1 and I3 for loop ABEFA,

...................................................................................................................................

2. E1, E2, R1, R3, I1 and I2 for loop ABCDEFA.

...................................................................................................................................
[2]

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8 (a) One isotope of gold is represented as

197 Au.
79

State the number of neutrons in one nucleus of this isotope.

number = ...................................... [1]

(b) In an α-particle scattering experiment, an α-particle approaches an isolated gold

nucleus, as illustrated in Fig. 8.1.

path of α-particle

nucleus

Fig. 8.1

Complete Fig. 8.1 to show the path of the α-particle as it passes by, and moves away
from, the gold nucleus. [2]

(c) The α-particle in (b) is replaced by one having greater initial kinetic energy.

State what change, if any, will occur in the final deviation of the α-particle.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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