📘 Class 10 Science – Light (Reflection
& Refraction)
Important Questions for CBSE Board Exam 2025-26
🔹 1 Mark Questions
1. Define the principal focus of a convex lens.
2. Write the mirror formula and explain the symbols used.
3. What is the magnification produced by a concave mirror when an object is placed at
its center of curvature?
4. A concave mirror produces a real image twice the size of the object. Where is the
object placed?
5. State the laws of refraction of light.
6. Name the lens that can form both real and virtual images.
7. If the magnification produced by a lens is +3, what type of lens is it?
8. Write the relation between focal length and radius of curvature of a spherical mirror.
9. Define power of a lens. What is its SI unit?
10.The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What does this mean?
🔹 2 Mark Questions
1. Draw a ray diagram to show the image formed by a concave mirror when the object
is placed between focus (F) and pole (P).
2. State the conditions required for total internal reflection.
3. A concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm forms a real image of an object placed
30 cm away from the mirror. Calculate the position of the image.
4. A convex lens has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance should an object be
placed so that its real image is formed at 60 cm from the lens?
5. Differentiate between a concave and a convex lens with respect to the image
formation.
6. What is meant by the term “principal axis”?
7. Why do we prefer a concave mirror in a solar cooker?
8. A student wants to obtain an erect image of an object using a concave mirror of focal
length 40 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror?
🔹 3 Mark Questions
1. Draw ray diagrams to show the image formation by a convex lens when the object is
placed:
(i) beyond 2F,
(ii) at 2F,
(iii) between F and O (optical center).
2. A concave lens has focal length of 15 cm. At what distance should an object be
placed so that it forms an image at 10 cm from the lens?
3. The refractive index of glass with respect to air is 3/2. Find the speed of light in glass
if speed of light in air is 3 × 10⁸ m/s.
4. Why does a pencil partly immersed in water appear bent at the water surface?
Explain with diagram.
5. An object of 5 cm height is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex lens of focal
length 15 cm. Find the position, nature, and size of the image formed.
🔹 5 Mark Questions
1. Draw ray diagrams to show the image formation by a concave mirror for the following
cases:
(i) object beyond C,
(ii) object at C,
(iii) object between F and C,
(iv) object at F,
(v) object between P and F.
2. A convex lens of focal length 12 cm forms an image of an object kept at 18 cm in
front of it. Find:
(i) position of image,
(ii) nature of image,
(iii) magnification.
3. Define focal length of a mirror. An object 4 cm in size is placed at a distance of 25 cm
in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the mirror
should a screen be placed to get a sharp image? Find the nature and size of the
image also.
4. Explain the following terms with ray diagrams:
(i) myopia,
(ii) hypermetropia,
(iii) correction using suitable lenses.
5. Draw a labeled ray diagram of the formation of a rainbow. Explain why we see the
rainbow only after rainfall.