History

4.1 Vocabulary
1. A long network of roads that merchants and traders used to transport goods between one place
and another . Some trader routes were over the sea – ________________
2. A new process or object that did not previously exist – ________________
3. A process of growing or progressing – ________________
4. The use of science to invent new things or to solve problems – ________________
4.1 Fill in the blanks.
1. ________________ made it much easier to transport people and goods further and faster.
2. ____________________ moved easily over rolling poles known as rollers.
3. The first roads linked ________________ and ________________ .
4. The first roads were mainly used for trade and were called _____________________.
5. Traders transported goods such as ________________ and ________________ from one
place to another.
6. Some of the best roads of the ancient world were build by the ________________.
7. Before the invention of the wheel , animals carried or pulled heavy goods to _____________.
8. Roman roads were so well built that some still ________________ today .
9. The oldest known wheel was from ________________ which is the name of an ancient region
covering _________________________________ and the eastern parts of ________________
.
[Link] first wheel were made from ___________.
[Link] wheel ________________the way in which people travelled.
[Link] ________________ did not use animals to transport the materials .
13.________________ can happen very quickly , but it can happen slowly .
4.1 (b) Vocabulary
1. A way of putting together a line of workers. Each workers adds or adjusts a part until the
product is finished – ________________
2. A fast light , two wheeled vehicle pulled by horses – ________________
3. Environmentally friendly – not harmful to the environment – ________________
4. A coach which travelled from one place to another and stopped during the journey for fresh
horses and food for the passengers – ________________
5. Something used for transporting people or goods - ________________
4.1 (b) Fill in the blanks.
1. As the world population grew , the number of _______________ and ________________
increased.
2. In Britain , the quickest way to transport goods was by ____________________ .
3. The first car that could move using its own power was built in _______________ in 1769.
4. The first car was powered by a ________________ engine and could travel at about 7 km per
hour.
5. Inn 1837 , the first __________________ car was built . It was powered by
_______________.
6. A new fuel was made from oil called __________________ .
7. In 1885 , a ________________ man named Karl Benz decided ton put one of the new engines
on a three-wheeled vehicle he had made in Mannheim , Germany is known as
________________________.
4.1 (b) Answer these questions.
1. What was a stagecoach ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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2. What were called internal combustion engines ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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3. What was the Model T ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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4. What kind of cars are known as hybrids ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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4.2 Vocabulary
1. A waterway built to allow boats or ships to travel from one place to another – ____________
2. A small boat made by hollowing out a tree trunk – ________________
3. A light , round boat made by sewing animal skins over a wooden frame – ________________
4. A boat made from reeds ( long grass ) found near rivers – ________________
4.2 Fill in the blanks.
1. On the River Nile , the wind always blows from ________________ to south and the current
always flows from south to north .
2. In the 14th century , warships were fitted with large guns , called ____________________ to
fire at enemy ships in an attempt to sink them .
3. Today , warships can carry ____________________ planes and attack helicopters.
4. Expert think that people began to use the power of the wind to push their boats over long
distances about ____________________ years ago in Mesopatamia (modern -n day
____________________ , Kuwait and the eastern part of Syria).
4.2 Answer these questions.
1. How did the Roman and the Viking use boats and ships in wars ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Why and how did the earliest people use bosts ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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3. Explain the sails ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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4. Explain about “ canal transport ”. What is the oldest and longest canal in the world and
where does Suex canal connect ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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4.3 Vocabulary
1. A long train that transport goods – ________________
2. The engine that provides the power to pull carriages or wagons – ________________
3. A train powered by magnets – ________________
4. The tracks on which a locomotive and carnages travel – ________________
4.3 Fill in the blanks.
1. After the invention of the wheel , people made ________________ and
__________________ that were pulled by horses or donkeys .
2. Over time , the carts and carriages were pulled by animals on tracks or _________________.
3. The tracks allowed the wagons to move more ____________________ than on ordinary
roads.
4. Good historians are able to identify the consequences of n event , invention or
____________________ .
5. Rail transport is a good example pf how an invention and its further developments have had a
major ____________________ .
6. Some of the____________________ fastest locomotives today are powered by
____________________ .
7. The locomotives powered by magnets are called ____________________.
8. The maglevs can travel at ____________________________ .
4.3 Multiple choice.
1. The longest freight train ran in ________________ in 2001.
(a) New Zealand (b) Australia (c) France
2. The world’s first passenger railway opened in _________________ in 1825 .
(a) Scotland (b) Wales (c) Britain
3. From the ____________________ , railways started to spread throughout the world.
(a) 1830s (b) 1840s (c) 1850s
4. Disel engines were easier to drive , __________________ and __________________ to run
than stream engines.
(a) Faster , cheaper(b) quieter , cheaper (c) slower , cheaper
5. The fastest speed ever reached by electric train was 574 kilometres per hour in ___________
in ___________.
(a) Britain , 2007 (b) France , 2007 (c) the United States of America , 2007
4.3 Answer these questions.
1. When and who started attaching a steam engine to a carriage ? What was his locomotive
used for ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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 ____________________________________________________________________________
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2. What are freight trains ?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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3. There are nine ways in which railways changed people’s lives. Write any four ways that
you think had the biggest impact on people’s everyday lives.
A.__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
4. Make a timeline of the most important dates in the history of air travel.
Make a timeline of the most important dates in the history of air travel. You will find lost
of dates on these pages.
A.__________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________
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5. Who invented the first jet engine? In what airplane was it first used? How does a jet
engine work?
A.__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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4.4 Fill in the blanks.
1. Some airplanes can travel at __________________ of sound .
2. Sound travel at _________________metres per second or 1 kilometre in 2.914 seconds.
3. Most airplane today are powered by ____________________ engine.
4.4 Fill in the blanks.
1. Recent development include cars that can park themselves and goods that are delivered to your
home by _______________.
2. _______________ and ______________ not only protect the environment but also get you fit.
3. In 1981 , the ____________________ was launched.
4. In 1998 , the ____________________________ (ISS) was put into orbit around the Earth.
5. In 1961 , Russian Yuri Gagarin became the __________________ in space.
6. Using public transport (trains and buses) means _________________ .
7. Some experts believe that the world’s supply of fossil fuels (such as oil) is in _____________.
8. Good historians know that , at any time , some things are ______________ and somethings are
staying ___________________ .
Answer these question.
1. What can driverless cars do?
A._______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Match the countries and the car names.

Audi Japan
Hyundai Italy
Peugot France
Fiat Germany
Ferrari Italy
Rolls – Royce USA
Toyota South Korea