GRADE 9 — GEOGRAPHY 2059/2 (TERM 1)
MID-TERM EXAM GUIDANCE
Paper Style
Total marks: 75
Answer 3 questions
Each question has:
(a) Map / Figure / Photo questions
(b) Short structured questions
(c) Short explanation questions
(d) One 6-mark evaluation question
You must practice writing:
short factual answers
definitions
reasons/explanations
judgement/evaluation
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WHAT TO REVISE — VERY SPECIFIC (TERM 1 ONLY)
Below are the exact areas that can appear based on the type of questions in
your school’s paper.
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1️⃣ TOPOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN
A. Map-based tasks (high chance of appearing)
Students should be able to label:
Indus River, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, hab,
Kharan Desert, Thar Desert, Cholistan Desert, Thal
Salt Range, Sulaiman Range, Hindukush, Karakoram ranges
Potwar Plateau, Balochistan Plateau
Khyber Pass, Bolan Pass
B. Describe natural topography
Practice describing:
High mountain ranges → high altitude, sharp peaks, snow covered
Plateaus → flat-topped, steep edges, dry climate
Deserts → sandy, barren, dunes, little vegetation
River plains → flat, fertile, alluvial soil, densely populated
C. Flooding reasons
They MUST memorise:
Heavy monsoon rains
Snowmelt from the north
River silting
Deforestation in catchment areas
Poor drainage / levees breaking
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2️⃣ CLIMATE OF PAKISTAN
A. Factors affecting climate
Students must write reasons, not just list:
Latitude → higher temperature
Distance from sea → maritime vs continental climate
Altitude → higher altitude = cooler
Relief/mountains → monsoon blocking, rainfall patterns
Winds → monsoon winds bring rainfall
Western depressions (winter rain)
B. Temperature questions
Places with highest temp (Jacobabad, Sibbi)
Temperature ranges (46–51°C type options)
Reasons for extreme heat (continentality, low altitude, clear skies)
C. Effects of extreme climate on people
Memorise:
Heatstroke, dehydration
Low work productivity
Water shortages
Crop damage
Migration to cooler places
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3️⃣ WATER RESOURCES
A. Sources of water
Rainfall
Rivers (Indus System)
Snowmelt
Groundwater
B. Water problems (very commonly tested)
Pollution
Overuse/waste
Rapid population growth
Poor irrigation methods
Seasonal variation of rainfall
C. Flooding (again connected with topography)
You should give causes + effects + solutions.
D. Water conservation solutions
Lining canals
Modern irrigation (sprinkler/drip)
Building dams
Water tanks
Awareness / reducing wastage
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4️⃣ FORESTS OF PAKISTAN
A. Types of forests
Students should know location + features + uses:
Coniferous forests
Riverine forests
Mangrove forests
Scrub forests
B. Causes of deforestation
Overgrazing
Fuelwood cutting
Urbanisation
Floods washing away riverine forests
C. Importance of forests
Reduce soil erosion
Habitat for wildlife
Provide timber, fuelwood
Reduce flooding
Improve climate
D. Forest conservation
Reforestation
Protecting mangroves
Reducing grazing
Government policies (e.g., Billion Tree Project)
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STRUCTURE OF ANSWERS (HOW TO SCORE MAXIMUM)
Short answers (1–3 marks):
One mark = one clear point
No long sentences
No opinions
4–5 mark questions:
Use:
Explanation + example
No bullet-point list only — must develop the point
6-mark evaluation (part d):
Students MUST:
1. Give both sides
2. Give examples from Pakistan
3. End with a clear judgement sentence
4. Avoid repeating points
5. Link to the question
Example structure:
Point A (positive effect) + explanation
Point B (negative effect) + explanation
Example
Final judgement ("Overall...")
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EXAM-DAY TIPS
Read the map carefully before answering
Use correct geographical terms
Always give Pakistan-based examples
Underline command words: describe, explain, evaluate
Manage time properly: don’t spend too long on mapping
Write neatly and clearly