Design
Thinking
GROUP 9
What is Design Thinking?
Design thinking is a mind-set and an
approach to learning, collaboration, and
problem-solving.
It is a structured framework for identifying
challenges, gathering information,
generating potential solutions, refining
ideas, and testing solutions.
This approach has four characteristics:
01 Human-centered
02 Collaborative
03 Optimistic
04 Experimental
1. Human-centered
It starts from having a deep
compassion and understanding
of people's needs.
2. Collaborative
Solving problems is a lot easier
and faster with several wise
minds. It benefits from various
perspectives and insights.
3. Optimistic
It is an approach that believes in our
potential to create a positive change
in our lives no matter what problems or
difficulties could be hindering the task.
4. Experimental
It is an activity that gives room for
mistakes and failure because from them,
individuals learn and become better.
The Design Process
It is a structured approach for developing
and applying ideas. It has five phases
that help people identify problems and
develop creative and appropriate solutions
to such problems.
The five phases of
design process
01 Discovery
02 Interpretation
03 Ideation
04 Experimentation
05 Evolution
II.
Experimentation How to Use Design
Thinking as a Teaching Strategy?
Before starting the design process, one should
have a specific and intentional problem to
address that will be called a design challenge.
The challenge should be understandable and
manageable, one that is not too big or too small,
not too vague or too simple.
Some considerations when
identifying design challenge are:
List possible topics
Frame the problem
Keep it simple
Sketch out end goals
Define measures of success
Establish constraints
Write a brief
A design challenge is fundamental to every
design process because it will drive the whole
process from the start until its completion.
Creating the "how might we" question to
address is very essential.
The question should be broad to
accommodate unexpected possibilities yet
narrow to let the team focus.
Here are some examples of challenge that might
inspire you and the team:
How might we engage the students more deeply in
reading?
How might we create a curriculum that teaches the
students about the brain and about who they are as
learners?
How might we design our classroom space to be student-
centered?
How might we create a space for teacher collaboration?
Here are some examples of challenge that might
inspire you and the team:
How might we build school-family partnerships?
How might we adapt the school schedule to the
learning rhythms of our students?
How might we support a more well-rested campus?
How might we design our campus to serve our
students and the community?
After identifying a design challenge, start to plan
your design project.
Devote time for the project.
Decide how much time you are going to use for the
entire design process.
Moreover, prepare these three important.
components and aspects of the process:
01. Team
Design process is a collaborative effort. Select those
people whom you trust and can help you fulfill the
goals of the project
Choose people who have different insights
and perspectives. Delegate specific roles to them.
Give room for both collaborative work and individual
work
02. Spaces
Choose a specific
area where the team
can meet regularly
and work together.
03. Materials
Prepare all the necessary materials and
accessories for the project. Some of the
common supplies include Post-it notes,
large Post-it pads, flipchart, markers,
adhesives, blank and colored papers,
scissors, and digital and/or video
cameras.
Lesson 01 What Is Critical Thinking
Outline 02 Critical Thinking Skills
03 Importance of Critical Thinking
04 Individual Project
Learning Outcomes
The ability to define critical thinking
Understanding skills of critical thinkers
Applying skills to decision-making
What Is Critical thinking is the ability to analyze
Critical
information using reliable evidence and
making a logical and balanced conclusion.
Thinking? It involves researching, evaluating evidence,
and using your own knowledge to find a
solution or reach a decision.
Critical thinking requires students to engage
in a deeper level of thinking to reach a
meaningful understanding of a topic.
The five phases of
design process
01 Discovery
02 Interpretation
03 Ideation
04 Experimentation
05 Evolution
01 Discovery
the individual or the team is
open for new ideas and
opportunities
1. Understand the challenge
i) Review the challenge
ii) Share what you know
Discovery
iii) Build your team
iv) Define your audience
v) Refine your plan
2. Prepare research
i) Identify sources of information
ii) Select research participants
iii) Build a question guide
iv) Prepare for fieldwork
3. Gather inspiration
i) Immerse yourself in context
ii) Seek inspiration in analogous settings
iii) Learn from experts
iv) Learn from users
02 Interpretation
Ideas are transformed into meaningful
insights. The team finds meaning into
every idea and make them actionable.
It involves filtering and sorting of
ideas until a clear direction for the
design is envisioned.
1. Tell stories
i) Capture your learnings
Interpretation ii) Share inspiring stories
2. Search for meaning
i) Find themes
ii) Make sense of finding
iii) Define insights
3. Frame opportunities
i) Create a visual reminder
ii) Make insights actionable
03 Ideation
The process of generating ideas.
More ideas formed as the team
brainstorms.
Good preparation with a clear set of
rules encourages successful
brainstorming.
Ideation
1. Generate ideas
i) Prepare for brainstorming
ii) Facilitate brainstorming
iii) Select promising ideas
iv) Sketch to think
2. Refine ideas
i) Do a reality check
ii) Describe your idea
04 Experimentation
The stage of making ideas come to life
by creating prototypes. The ideas become
tangible; they are shared with other
people.
Suggestions from others are encouraged
to improve and and refine the prototype.
1. Make prototypes
Choose the form that best represents your
idea. (Storyboard, diagram, story,
advertisement, mock-up, model, role play, etc.)
Experimentation You may not be able to get it at first, but the
best prototype is actually the one that gets
better over time.
2. Get feedback
i) Identify sources of feedback
ii) Select feedback participants
iii) Build a question guide
iv) Facilitate feedback conversations
v) Capture feedback learnings
vi) Integrate feedback
vii) Identify what's needed
05 Evolution
Ideas evolve and improve over time.
This stage allows envisioning the
future and planning for the next
steps and communicating with
people who can help in the fulfillment
of the project.
Evolution 1. Track learnings
i) Define success
ii) Document progress
2. Move forward
i) Plan next steps
ii) Engage others
iii) Build a community
The five phases of design process
01 Discovery
02 Interpretation
03 Ideation
04 Experimentation
05 Evolution
Group activity
Group activity #1
Straw Building Challenge (5 minutes)
Materials:
• Drinking Straws
• Tape
Instruction:
Create the tallest tower. The tower must be able to
be free-standing for at least five seconds after you
have finished building it.
Group activity #1
Reflection
1. How did your group get started with this project?
2. Did everyone agree with how to do the task? If not,
how did you decide?
3. What ways do you think are useful for a group to make
decisions together?
4. Why is it important to be able to work well with others
and make decisions as a member of a group?
Group activity #2
This is not a circle, it's a ... (5 minutes)
Materials:
Paper
Pencil / Pen
Instruction:
Start with a circle. See the circle not as a standalone shape, but as a
part of a larger, more complex image. By adding lines, details, and other
elements, the circle is transformed into something else. The final step
involves naming the new, transformed object, which solidifies the
transformation and encourages a "what is it then?" mindset.
Group activity #2
Reflection
1. What does this exercise teach me
about how people approach new
challenges or think creatively?
2. What does the process of
transforming a simple shape into
something new tell me about
innovation?
importance of critical thinking
Increases confidence in our ability to analyze and
evaluate information
Helps us make informed decisions, problem solve, and
cope with challenges
Empowers us to trust the choices and decisions we make
Aids us in adapting to changes more effectively and
positively
Improves our ability to recognize facts, opinions, and
misinformation
Individual
project
Review each of the four critical thinking skills
and how to improve them.
Choose one improvement method from the
slides and complete the provided worksheet.
Resources