1 Practical File

2 Ankita Sharma
23/0855
2.1 Basic Commands
1. a1 > x2n /y 2n

2. x′ < x′′ − y ′ < 10x′′′ z

3. y > 2x

4. x′ + y 2 = zi2
y+z/2
5. x = y 2 +1

x+y
6. T = y
1+ z+1
√
7. x+y
√
n
8. 2

x2n
9. x > y 2n

10. 33 + 43 + 53 = 63
√
11. 100 = 10

12. (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3a2 b + 3ab2

Pn n(n+1)
13. k=1 k= 2

π 1 1 1 1 1
14. 2 =1− 3 + 5 − 7 + 9 − 11 + ···

15. cos θ = sin(90◦ − θ)

16. eiθ = cos θ + i sin θ

sin
17. limx→0 x =1

πx
18. limx→∞ x/log x
R∞ 2 √
19. −∞
e−x dx = π

1
 P∞
i=1 (xiP−x)(yi −y)
20. P = [ ∞
P
i −x)
2 ∞ 2 1/2
i=1 (x i=1 (yi −y) ]

Lists
ˆ Each list item is marked with a label. The labels in this itemize list are
bullets.
ˆ List can be nested within one another.

1. The item labels in an enumerated list are numerals or letters.

ˆ List can be nested within one another.
2. A list should have atleast two items.

3 Description
SPMC Shyama Prasad Mukherji College
ANKITA SHARMA

poetry
There is an environment for verse
Whose feature some poets will curse.

changing the type style

upright shape.... Italic shape.... Smallcap shape.... Boldface series....
Roman family.... typewriter family....

4 Mathematical symbols
Lower case
α
β
γ
δ
ϵ
η
ι
κ
λ

2
 µ
ν
π
σ
τ
ϕ
ψ
ω
ρ

Upper case
Γ
∆
Θ
Λ
Ξ
Π
Σ
Φ
Ψ
Ω

5 Example 9.3
1. here is some boldfaced text.
emphasized text.

6 Example 9.4
2. suppose that x = 137
3. The curve n = 3. Then n2 + 1 = 10
4. if sin θ = 0 and 0 ≤ θ < 2π,then θ = 0 or θ = π.

5. if is not always true that

a+b a b
= + .
c+d c d

3
Table 9.2
x10

320

a+b
x+y
√
x+y
√
3
x+y
P10
i=1 i2
R inf ty
0
x dx

Delimiters
 1/3
a+b
x+y

Arrays
 
a b c
 d e f 
g h i

Multi-line Expressions

x1 x2
ex = + + x3 3! + · · ·
1! 2!
(−1)0 (−1)1 (−1)2 (−1)3
ex = + + + + ···
0! 1! 2! 3!
1 1 1 1
= + + + + ···
0! 1 2! 3!

4
Example 9.5
1. Let x = (x1 , . . . , xn ), where the xi are nonnegative real numbers. Set
 r r 1/r
x +x +···+xrn
Mr (x) = 1 2 n ,r ∈ R \ {0},
and
M0 (x) = (x1 x2 . . . xn )1/n
We call Mr (x) the r th power mean of x.
Claim :
limr→0 Mr (x) = M0 (x)

2. Define
 
1 1 1 ... 1
 x1 x2 x3 ... xn 
x21 x22 x23 x2n
 
Vn = 
 ... 
.. .. .. ..

 .. 
 . . . . . 
xn−1
1 xn−1
2 xn−1
3 . . . xn−1
n
We call V n the Vandermonde matrix of order n.
Claim : Q
detVn = 1≤i<j≤n (xj − xi )

Typeset the following sentences

Positive numbers a, b and c are the side length of a triangle if and only if
a + b > c, b + c > a and c + a > b.
The area of a triangle with side lenghts a , b , c is given by Heron’s Formula:
p
A = s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c),

where s is semiperimeter (a + b + c)/2.

√
The value of a regular tetrahedron of edge length 1 is 2/12.
The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has roots
√
−b ± b2 − 4ac
r1 , r2 = .
2a

The derivative of a function f , defined f ′ is defined by

f (x + h) − f (x)
f ′ x = lim .
h→0 h
A real-valued function f is convex on an interval I if

f (λx + (1 − λ)y) ≤ λf (x) + (1 − λ)f (y),

5
for all x, y ∈ I and 0 ≤ λ ≤ 1.
The general solution to the differential equation

y ′′ = 3y ′ + 2y = 0
y = C1 ex + C2 e2x

The Fermat numbers Fn is defined as

n
Fn = 22 , n ≥ 0.

7 Make the following [Link] the large

delimiters.
 
d x 1
=
dx x+1 (x + 1)2

 n
1
lim 1+ =e
n→∞ n
a b
= ad − bc
c d

 
cos θ − sin θ
Rθ =
sin θ cos θ

i j k
a2 a3 a1 a2
a1 a2 a3 = i− k
b2 b3 b1 b2
b1 b2 b3

    
a11 b12 b11 b12 a11 b11 + a12 b12 a11 b12 + a12 b22
=
a21 a22 b21 b22 a21 b11 + a22 b21 a21 b12 + a22b22

 −x2 , x<0
fx = x2 , 0 ≥ x ≥ 2
4, x>2


6
8 Make the following multi-line equations
1+2 = 3
4+5+6 = 7+8
9 + 10 + 11 + 12 = 13 + 14 + 15
16 + 17 + 18 + 19 + 20 = 21 + 22 + 23 + 24
25 + 26 + 27 + 28 + 29 + 30 = 31 + 32 + 33 + 34 + 35

a + b2 = a + ba + b
= a + ba + a + bb
= aa + b + ba + b
= a2 + ab + ba + b2
= a2 + ab + ab + b2
= a2 + 2ab + b2

tan(α + β) + tanγ
tan(α + β + γ) =
1 − tan(α + β)tanγ
tanα+tanβ
1−tanαtanβ+ tanγ
=  
tanα+tanβ
1 − 1−tanαtanβ tanγ
tanα + tanβ + (1 − tanαtanβ)tanγ
=
1 − tanαtanβ − (tanα + tanβ)tanγ
tanα + tanβ + tanγ − tanαtanβtanγ
=
1 − tanαtanβ − tanαtanγ − tanβtanγ

Y 1
 Y 1
1− 2 = 1
p
p p
1+ p2 + p14 + · · ·
!−1
Y 1 1

= 1 + 2 + 4 + ···
p
p p
6
=
π2

9 Putting one thing above another

9.1 Over and Underlining
1. x2 + 1

7
The body of the figure goes here. This figure... the current page.

Figure 1: The caption goes here.

2. The value is 3x.

z }| {
3. a + b + c +d
| {z }
4.
24
z }| {
a + b + · · · + y +z
| {z }
26

9.2 Accents
â
ǎ
ă
á
à
ã
ā
⃗a
ȧ
ä

− x = −y
Here are two sizes of wide hat: 1d c
There are no dots in ⃗ı + ȷ̃

9.3 Stacking symbols

a′ def
A → B... ⃗x = ...

10 Figures and Other Floating Bodies

10.1 Figures and Tables
This is the place in the running text that mentions Figure 7 for the first time.
The figure will not be put on an...

8
11 The Tabular Environment
gnats gram $13.65
each .01
1. gnu stuffed 92.50
emu 33.33
armadillo frozen 8.99

ITEM PRICE
2. gnat (dozen) 3.24
gnu (each) 24,985.47

type style
3. smart red short
rather silly puce tall