Unit - 2

[Link]
PLACEMENT TRAINER
VELTECH UNIVERSITY
Mensuration
Square
 Square
The side of a square is 11cm. Find its area and circumference.
Area = a2
Area = 11 x 11 = 121 cm2
Circumference = 4a
C = 4 x 11 = 44cm
If the length of the diagonal of a square is 20cm then its perimeter
d = a√ 2
20 = a √ 2
20
a=
√2
Circumference = 4a
20
C=4x
√2
20
=2x2x
√2
= 40√ 2
Rectangle
 Rectangle
Find the perimeter and the area of the rectangle whose length is 6m
and breadth is 4m.
perimeter = 2(l+b)
P = 2 x (6+4) = 20 m
area = l x b
=6x4
= 24 m2
The area of a rectangle shaped photo is a 820 [Link] and its width is
20cm. Find its perimeter?
area = l x b
820 = l x 20
l= 41cm
perimeter = 2 (l+b)
= 2 x (41+20)
= 122 cm
Triangle
 Triangle
In a right triangular ground, the sides adjacent to the right
angle are 50m and 80 m. Find the cost of cementing the
ground at Rs. 5/sq.m?
1
A= bh
2
1
= 𝑥 50 𝑥 80
2
A = 2000 m2
Cost = 2000 x 5
=Rs.10000
Equilateral Triangle
 Equilateral Triangle
If the area of an equilateral triangle is 24√ 3 [Link]. then its
perimeter is?
√3
A= 𝑎2
4

√3
24√ 3 = 𝑎2
4
𝑎2= 24 x 4
a=4√6
Perimeter= 3a
=3x4√6
= 12 √ 6 cm
Scalene Triangle
 Scalene Triangle
The three sides of a triangle are 13cm, 14cm and 15cm
respectively. Then its area is?
A = √ 𝑠{ 𝑠 − 𝑎 𝑠 − 𝑏 𝑠 − 𝑐 }
a+b+c 13+14+15
S = 2
= 2
= 21
A = √ 21{ 21 − 13 21 − 14 21 − 15 }

A = √ 21{ 8 7 6 }

A = 84 cm2
Parallelogram
 Parallelogram
Find the height of the parallelogram whose area and base are 368
[Link] and 23cm respectively.
A=bxh
368 = 23 x h
h = 16 cm
The base of the parallelogram is thrice its height ,if the area is 192
[Link] find the base and height.
b= 3h
A=bxh
192 = 3h x h
h = 8 cm
b= 3h = 3 x 8
b = 24cm
Quadrilateral
 Quadrilateral
A plot of land is in the form of a quadrilateral where one of its
diagonals is 200 m long. If two vertices on either side of this
diagonals are 60 m and 50 m away from the diagonal. Find the area
of the plot of land.
1
A= 2 𝑑(ℎ1 + ℎ2)
1
A= 2 𝑥 20 60 + 50
A = 11000m2
The area of a quadrilateral is 525 sq.m. The perpendiculars from
two vertices to the diagonal are 15 m and 20 m. What is the length
of this diagonal ?
1
A= 2 𝑑(ℎ1 + ℎ2)
1
525 = 𝑥 𝑑 15 + 20
2

d = 30 m
Rhombus
 Rhombus
If the area of the Rhombus is 60 [Link] and one of the diagonals is 8 cm,
find the length of the other diagonal
1
A= 2 𝑑1 𝑥 𝑑2
1
60 = 2 𝑥 8 𝑥 𝑑2
𝑑2 = 15 cm
One of the diagonals of a rhombus is thrice as the other. If the sum of the
length of the diagonals is 24 cm, then find the area of the rhombus.
𝑑1 + 𝑑2 = 24
3d2 + 𝑑2 = 24
𝑑2 = 6 … d1 =18
1
A = 2 𝑑1 𝑥 𝑑2
1
A = 2 𝑥 18 𝑥 6
A = 54 cm2
Trapezium
 Trapezium
The parallel sides of a trapezium are 23 cm and 12 cm. The
distance between the parallel sides is 9 cm. Find the area of the
trapezium.
1
A= 2 ℎ (𝑎 + 𝑏)
1
A = 2 𝑥 9 𝑥 (23 + 12)
𝐴 = 157.5 cm2
The area of a trapezium is 352 sq cm and the distance between its
parallel sides is 16 cm. If one of the parallel sides is of length 25 cm,
find the length of the other.

1
A= 2 ℎ (𝑎 + 𝑏)
1
352 = 2 𝑥 16 𝑥 (53 + 𝑏)
𝑏 = 19 cm
Circle
 Circle
What is the circumference of the circle of radius
7cm.
c = 2ℼr
22
c=2x 𝑥7
7
c = 44 cm
If the circumference of the circle is 132m. Then
calculate the radius.
c = 2ℼr
22
132 = 2 x 𝑥𝑟
7
𝑟 = 21 cm
Cone
 Cone
Radius and slant height of a solid right circular cone are 35cm and
37cm respectively. Find the curved surface area.
CSA = ℼrl
22
CSA = 𝑥 35 𝑥 37
7
CSA = 4070 cm2
The volume of a solid right circular cone is 4928 cu cm. if
its height is 24cm, then find the radius of the cone.
1
volume = ℼr2h
3
1 22
4928= = x x r2 x 24
3 7
r2 = 196
r = 14 cm
Cylinder
 Cylinder
A cylindrical drum has a height of 20cm and base
radius of 14cm. Find its curved surface area and the
total surface area.
CSA = 2ℼrh
22
CSA = 2 x 𝑥 14 𝑥 20
7
CSA = 1760 cm2
TSA = 2ℼr(h+r)
22
=2x 𝑥 14 (20 + 14)
7
𝑇𝑆𝐴 = 2992 cm2
 Cylinder
A cylindrical drum has a height of 20cm and base
radius of 14cm. Find its curved surface area and the
total surface area.
CSA = 2ℼrh
22
CSA = 2 x 𝑥 14 𝑥 20
7
CSA = 1760 cm2
TSA = 2ℼr(h+r)
22
=2x 𝑥 14 (20 + 14)
7
𝑇𝑆𝐴 = 2992 cm2
 Cylinder
The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder of height
14cm is 88 sq cm. find the diameter of the cylinder.
CSA = 2ℼrh
22
88 = 2 x 𝑥 𝑟 𝑥 14
7
r = 1 cm
2r = D
D = 2cm
Find the volume of a cylinder whose height is 2m and whose
base area is 250m2.
Volume = base area x height
= 250 x 2
= 500 m3
Sphere
 Sphere
Find the diameter of a sphere whose surface area is 154 sq.m
A = 4ℼr2
22
154 = 4 x 𝑥 r2
7
49
r2 =4
7
r =2
2r = D
D = 7m
 Sphere
1
If the volume of a solid sphere is 7241 [Link], then find its
7
radius
A = 4ℼr2
4
volume= ℼr3
3
50688 4 22
= x x r3
7 3 7
r3 = 1728
r = 12 cm
 Permutation Arrangement of Elements

Combination Selection of Elements

Picking of 2 balls from 3 balls

Combination Permutation
Permutation
 Type: 1
Given 1,2,3,4,5. How many 3 digit numbers
can be formed?
• Repetition not allowed
• Repetition allowed

(i) __ __ __
5 4 3

(ii) __ __ __
5 5 5
 Type: 1
Given 1,2,3,4,5. How many 3 digit odd numbers
can be formed?
• Repetition not allowed
• Repetition allowed
Hint: if the unit place is odd, then the number is
odd, odd numbers: 1,3,5

(i) __ __ __
3 4 3 => 3*4*3 = 36 ways

(ii) __ __ __
5 5 3 => 5*5*3 = 75 ways
 Type: 1 (given 1,2,3,4,5)
How many 3 digit numbers greater than 200
can be formed?
• Repetition not allowed
• Repetition allowed

(i) __ __ __
4 4 3 => 4*4*3 = 48 ways

(ii) __ __ __
4 5 5 => 4*5*5 = 100 ways
 Type: 1 (given 0,1,2,3,4)
How many 3 digit numbers are possible?
• Repetition not allowed
• Repetition allowed

(i) __ __ __ => 4*4*3 = 48 ways

4 4 3
=> 4*5*5 = 100 ways
(ii) __ __ __
4 5 5
 Type: 1 (given 0,1,2,3,4,5)
How many 4 digit password can be formed?
• Repetition not allowed
• Repetition allowed

(i) __ __ __ __ => 6*5*4*3 = 360 ways

6 5 4 3
=> 6*6*6*6 = 1296 ways
(ii) __ __ __ __
6 6 6 6
 Type: 2
In how many different ways can letter of
word “ROCK” be arranged?
=> 4!
(i) __ __ __ __
4 3 2 1

Default: repetition not allowed

 Type: 2
In how many different ways can letter of
word “MOOC” be arranged?
=> 4! / 2!
MOOC => 4*3
=> 12 ways
MOOC
MCOO
MCOO Hint: Total letters ! / no. of time
repeated!
……
 Type: 2
In how many different ways can letter of
word “EXCESSIVE” be arranged?
9!
=>
3!∗2!
E = 3 times
=> 30240ways
S = 2 times
Hint: Total letters ! / no. of time
repeated!
 Type: 2
In how many ways can the letter
“FOOTBALL” be arranged, such that all
vowels are always together.
Vowels: a,e,i,o,u

__ __ __ __ __ __
F T =>B6! L* L 3!(O O A)
2! 2!

6!∗3!
=>
2!∗2!
 Type: 2
In how many ways can the letter
“MARKER” be arranged, such that all
vowels not together.
Total ways = Vowels together + not
tegether

__ __ __ __ __ 6!
Total ways =
2!
M R5! K R (A E)
=> * 2!
2! 6!
= 5! + x
2!
=> 5!
6!
X= - 5!
2!
 Type: 3
In how many ways can 6 seats be allotted
to 6 people?

(ans) 6!
 Type: 3
(ans) 6!
 Type: 3
Say, we have 5 people and 3 chairs in a
row. In how many ways can allot seats?
=> 5*4*3=60 ways
__ __ __
5 4 3
 combination

Out of 3 balls, target to pick 2 balls

3 ∗2
3C2 = = 3 ways
2
 combination
9 ∗8∗7∗6
9C4 = = 18*7 = 126 ways
4∗3∗2∗1

15 ∗14∗13∗12
15C11 = 15C4 =
4∗3∗2∗1

Assume 3 dots, how many straight lines

can be drawn by using these 3 points.

3 ∗2
3C2 = = 3 ways
2∗1
If C(n,7) = C(n,5) Find n,

nCx=nCy => n = x+y

n = 7+5 = 12

If C(n,8) = C(n,6). Find C(n,2)

n= 8+6 = 14
14 ∗13∗12∗11
nC2 = 14C2 = = 91
2∗1
Different committees are to be made as per the
requirement given. In how many different ways
can it be done?
8 students out of which 5 are doctors and 3 are
scientists

1. 3 doctors and 1 scientist

=> 5C3 * 3C1

5 ∗4∗3
⇒ *3
3∗2∗1

=> 30 ways
8 students out of which 5 are doctors and 3
are scientists
A committee of 5 in which 3 are doctors
=> 5C3 * 3C2

5 ∗4∗3 3 ∗2
⇒ *
3∗2∗1 2∗1

=> 30 ways
A committee of 2 in which there is no
doctors
3C2 = 3 ways
A committee 5 members is to be formed out of 3
trainers, 4 professors and 6 research associates. In how
many different ways can this be done if,
(i) The committee should have all 4 professors and 1
research associate or all 3 trainees and 2 professors?
=> (4C4 * 6C1 ) or (3C3 * 4C2)
4∗3
⇒ 1 ∗ 6 + (1* )
2∗1

=> 12 ways
The committee should not contain any professors?
9C5
Ans: 126.
In how many ways can a cricket team of 11 players
be selected out of 16 players.
(i) If 2 particular players are always to be
included?
(ii) If 1 player is to be excluded.
(i) Two included,

=> (14C9 => 14C5 )

⇒ 2002
(ii) One excluded,

=> (15C11 => 15C4 )

⇒ 1365
10 Men and 8 Women out of which 5 men are teachers,
3 men are doctors and 2 are scientists. Among women,
3 are teachers, 2 are doctors, 2 are researchers and 1
lawyer.
(i) A committee of 5 in which 3 men and 2 women are
there,
=> (10C3 * 8C2 )
(ii) A committee of 4, in which atleast 2 women are
there?
=> 2-women / 3- women/ 4-women
(8C2 * 10C2 ) + (8C3 * 10C1) + (8C4 )
(iii) A committee of 2,
18C2
(iv) A committee of 3, in which no doctor and no
teacher,
5C3