UNIT 7.

ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the words that match to the pictures.

1. clock/block 2. blaze / clay 3. blame / clap 4. clasp/blanket

5. blind / climb 6. blender / cleaner 7. clash / blast 8. cloud / blouse

9. clothes / blossom 10. blown / clown 11. blow / close 12. bliss / click
II. Underline the words that have the sound /bl/ or /cl/.
1. Nick enjoys looking at the clear blue sky.
2. I climbed over the hill and found the bright bloom of the wild flowers.
3. They claimed that those special clinics were built for blind people.
4. Light winds are blowing over the blackberry farm.
5. We will have a clear view after passing these building blocks.
6. There are some clues about the blast near the church yesterday.
7. Clay may stick on your clothes when you go flying kites on the field.
8. The blades of her juice blender were broken.

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Write a word or phrase from the box under each picture.
water pollution endangered species 3Rs plastic rubbish
global warming national park single-use products campfire

1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________ 4.

_________________

5. _________________ 6. _________________ 7. _________________ 8.

_________________
II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in part I.
1. _________________ is putting our health at risk. Unsafe water kills more than 3.4 million people
each year.
2. Established in 1962, Cue Phuong is the first _________________ in Vietnam.
3. A study says that the amount of _________________ flowing into the ocean could triple in the next
20 years.
4. We should teach students the importance of the _________________ - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
5. The best way to protect _________________ is to protect the places where they live.
6. Let’s build a _________________ before it gets dark, everyone!
7. You can avoid using _________________ by bringing your own cup and straw to the cafe.
8. _________________, the rise in temperature around the earth’s atmosphere, is one of the biggest
issues facing humans nowadays.
III. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.
carbon footprint green products environmental natural habitat
protection
ecosystem extinction toxic substances natural resources
1. Water pollution happens when ______________________ - often chemicals or microorganisms -
enter water bodies.
2. Recycling is a way to reduce the ______________________ and conserve natural resources.
3. ______________________ activities are carried out in order to keep the environment pure and
clean.
4. An endangered species is an animal or plant that is at risk of ______________________.
5. The Bengal tiger’s _____________________ includes tropical rain forests, tall grasses, and marshes.
6. ______________________ are made from environmentally friendly materials.
7. The three Rs will help us to conserve ______________________ for long-term use.
8. By harming the ______________________ of our planet, we endanger the balance of nature itself.
IV. Underline the correct answer.
Global Recycling Day, (1) performed / celebrated / done on March 18 every year, is a recycling
initiative that (2) encouragement / encouraging / encourages us to look at our trash in a new light.
There are several ways to recycle that allow some materials to be (3) reused / reduced / released
multiple times. Recycling is great for us and the (4) environment / environmental / environmentalist
because it lessens the energy we use, enhances the (5) nature / quality / value of water and air we
breathe, and combats climate change.
It also reduces using new raw (6) materials / ingredients / elements to create new products -
saving money and natural (7) reserves / renewals / resources. Newspapers, plastic water bottles, soda
cans, cereal boxes, and milk cartons are some of the common everyday (8) recyclable / recycle /
recycling items. If we put (9) affect / effort / defect into recycling items that we usually (10) throw
away /give away /put away, we can impact the earth and our lives in a more profound way.
V. Match the two halves of the sentence.
1. Overfertilization contributes to soil pollution, a. as soon as they noticed the oil spill.
2. If we continue using lots of single-use b. due to discharge of pollutants in the water
products, bodies.
3. Lake, river, ocean and groundwater get c. for plastic waste to completely decompose.
contaminated
4. Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas d. as a result of the removal of vegetation.
5. The soil is exposed and vulnerable to erosion e. so you only need to apply fertilizer once or
twice per year.
6. The polluted fog became so thick f. the ocean will be full of plastic waste in the
future.
7. Depending on the material and structure, it g. that people could only see a few meters in
takes 20 to 500 years front of them.
8. The fishermen informed the local authority h. that can lead to health problems.
VI. Read the sentences and write l.C if the underlined clause is an independent clause or D.C if it is a
dependent clause.
1. I often turn off all the electric devices when I’m not using them. ____
2. The rescued animals will be taken care of at the zoo until they’re healed. ____
3. Sean is building a campfire while Patrick is collecting more woods. ____
4. They will run the campaign against illegal poaching as soon as the government approves it. ____
5. When plants die, they release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. ____
6. Visitors must get a permit before they visit Acadia National Park. ____
7. The volunteers will work all day till they clean up the entire beach. ____
8. Please make sure to put out the campfire after you leave the campsite. ____
9. All the famous monuments turn off the lights while Earth Hour happens. ____
10. No one is allowed to use the water from the lake until its water quality improves. ____
VII. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. The river water will still be polluted _______ we find solutions to prevent dumping raw sewage.
a. until b. after c. because d. so
2. Mass killings of fish, plants, or amphibians can happen _______ there are sudden changes in water
temperature.
a. while b. when c. as soon as d. till
3. They shut down that factory _______ they knew it released pollutants into the lake.
a. although b. before c. while d. as soon as
4. The black bear died immediately _______ the hunter shot it.
a. after b. so c. until d. as long as
5. We picked up all the rubbish at the campsite _______ we returned home.
a. after b. while c. before d. till
6. Can you help me sort out the rubbish _______ I’m cleaning the kitchen?
a. if b. while c. until d. although
7. _______ they realise the impact of deforesation, they’ll continue to cut down trees to provide more
room for planting crops.
a. Until b. After c. As soon as d. While
8. Grace lost her mobile phone signal _______ she went deep into the forest.
a. but b. if c. before d. as soon as
9. Don’t leave the water running _______ you’re washing the dishes!
a. because b. lead to c. result in d. while
10. Many wild animals used to inhabit this area _______ the new factory was built.
a. after b. while c. before d. as soon as
VIII. Complete the sentences with the conjunctions from the box.
while as soon as after when (x2) before so because until (x2)
1. Those koalas were severely burnt ________________ they couldn’t escape the bush fire.
2. All sorts of chemicals are dumped into this river, ________________ we cannot swim there
anymore.
3. ________________ people are eating food from their plastic products, many wild animals are dying
because of them.
4. The air pollution will be reduced ________________ more and more people use public transport.
5. Many marine animals are saved from extinction ________________ the government passed the
law to stop over-fishing the oceans last year.
6. The panda will stay at the zoo ________________ it’s strong enough to return to its natural habitat.
7. We called the local authority immediately ________________ we noticed the bush fire!
8. Remember to bring something to store the rubbish ________________ you go trekking in the
national park.
9. It used to be easy to see the Big Dipper at night ________________ lights from those buildings
affected our vision.
10. The villagers need to stay inside their houses ________________ the storm completely stops.
IX. Combine each pair of sentences, using the conjunction in brackets.
1. Summer finally comes. They will volunteer at some local environment programmes. (when)
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. The director approves our documentary. We will broadcast it nationwide. (As soon as)
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. The whole neighbourhood was given reusable bags. They were forbidden to use plastic products.
(before)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Some students are picking up litter. The others are planting trees in the park. (while)
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. People started to care more about endangered species. They watched a video about marine life.
(After)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. The villagers will be on strike. The factories stop cutting down trees in the forest. (till)
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Many wild animals are injured. The bush fires are spreading too fast. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. The national park saves endangered species. It protects the environment. (and)
___________________________________________________________________________________
X. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C, or D that needs correcting.
1. It’s necessary to raise awareness of endangered species and environment protection.
A. It’s B. to raise C. endangered D. environment
2. The amount of waste will decrease when people will start to buy reusable packages.
A. will decrease B. when C. will start D. reusable
3. Could you tell me the negative effects of cutting up trees on the ecosystem?
A. Could B. negative effects C. cutting up D. on
4. There will be much less pollution while people stop using cars completely.
A. will be B. while C. stop D. completely
5. Use-single products like plastic bottles and bags can kill or trap marine animals.
A. Use-single B. like C. or D. marine
6. If we don’t bury chemical wastes underground, we won’t pollute fresh water supplies.
ABCD
7. The firefighters immediately came to rescue the koala until they saw it in the fire.
ABCD
8. Please wait here when the volunteers are picking up rubbish along the river.
ABCD
9. If people pay a few more attention to the environment, the Earth will be greener.
ABCD
10. We can help the environment by avoiding using plastic products and stopping litter.
‘I’
ABCD
XII. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.
1. It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally. (pollute)
2. World Wide Fund is a famous organization. (environment)
3. This area is a part of a wildlife programme. (conserve)
4. Sea turtles and dugongs are some species living in Con Dao. (endanger)
5. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of insecticides. (poison)
6. Habitat poses the greatest threat to wild animals. (lose)
7. The students are having a field trip to Cat Ba Park. (nation)
8. Camel’s habitat is the deserts across Asia and Africa. (nature)
9. Our encourages each household to practise the 3Rs. (neighbour)
10. Water pollution can lead to the of aquatic plants and animals. (die)
XIII. Underline the correct preposition in each of the following sentences.
1. Water pollution can be harmful at / to fish and animals that live along the river.
2. Using drinking water to water the garden is a waste from / of natural resources!
3. Ways must be found to prevent the poisonous gases on / from polluting the air.
4. Textile factories dump tonnes of toxic waste into / at the Citarum River.
5. She’s come up to / with amazing new ideas to help protect the environment.
6. Noise pollution can have harmful effects on / in human health.
7. Toxic substances from factories are unsafe for / with the ecosystem.
8. Cat Tien National Park is home in / to some endangered monkeys.
9. The river has been polluted with / from toxic waste from local factories.
10. Children should be aware at / of the environmental issues we’re facing.

c. SPEAKING
I. Make questions for the underlined words.
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans.
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
Many wild animals are on the verge of extinction because of illegal hunting.
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
There are sixty-three national parks in the United States.
4. ______________________________________________________________________________
He will build a campfire as soon as he arrives at the campsite.
5. ______________________________________________________________________________
Most of the plastic waste ends up in the oceans.
6. ______________________________________________________________________________
The students are visiting Cat Tien National Park this weekend.
7. ______________________________________________________________________________
Ho Chi Minh City is more polluted than Da Nang.
8. ______________________________________________________________________________
In my neighbourhood, people collect garbage every day.
9. ______________________________________________________________________________
Every individual is responsible for solving environmental issues.
10. ______________________________________________________________________________
We can prevent land pollution by the proper disposing of the litter.
II. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate sentences (A - H).
A. Because I'm doing a class project on pollution in the city.
B. Too many billboards along the road, open storage of trash, networks of electric wires
crisscrossing each other above the street, etc.
C. Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visualizing damaging to the
landscape.
D. It generates distraction, eye fatigues, and other psychological problems.
E. Yeah, I know. Not only for water pollution, but also for air, soil, noise, light and visual
pollution.
F. Yes, I took it yesterday.
G. Exactly! Garbage on riverside.
H. I think so too.
Bailey: Did you take that photo, Xuan?
Xuan: (1) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: Let me see. A photo of a river ... but it looks like you want to capture the garbage.
Xuan: (2) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: Why garbage?
Xuan: (3) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: This picture is for water pollution, isn’t it? I think you need more.
Xuan: (4) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: What does ‘visual pollution’ mean? I’ve never heard about it before.
Xuan: (5) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: Can you give me some examples?
Xuan: (6) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: So what are the effects of visual pollution?
Xuan: (7) __________________________________________________________________________
Bailey: Oh, I see. There is too much visual pollution in the city, so I think it’s not difficult to take
photos of different visual pollutants.
Xuan: (8) __________________________________________________________________________
d. READING
I. Complete the passage with the words from the box.
wildlife habitat naturalist residents
breathtaking home encloses established
JIM CORBETT NATIONAL PARK
Jim Corbett National Park can be befittingly called the paradise of tigers for the fact that it
holds a large population of tigers in its (1) ________________ landscapes that consists of different
varieties of flora and fauna. Named after the legendary tiger hunter turned (2) ________________ Jim
Corbett (1875-1955), the proud destination ‘Jim Corbett National Park’ was the first national park of
India, which was (3) ________________ in 1936 in the hill state of Uttarakhand in Northern India. It is
one of the most famous (4) ________________ destinations in India, visited by several wildlife
enthusiasts who want to catch the glorious sights of the Indian tigers.
The Corbett National Park is (5) ________________ to approximately 110 tree species, 50
mammals’ species, 580 bird species, and 25 reptile species that are found both in the lower and
higher regions of the park. The geographical location of this place that (6) ________________
streams, rivers, and ridges crisscrossing the terrain, makes Jim Corbett National Park a perfect (7)
________________ for numerous plant and animal species. The most famous of Corbett’s wild (8)
________________ are the Bengal tiger, Asiatic elephant, leopards, wild boar, sloth bear, jackal,
mongoose, and crocodile.
II. Read the passage, then do the tasks.
According to Greenpeace, more than 100,000 sea creatures and a million sea birds die every
year after eating plastic or getting trapped in plastic rubbish. Sometimes, when baby turtles get
trapped in plastic the shape of their shell changes when they grow. Some sea creatures make their
homes in plastic rubbish, such as the hermit crabs that live on polluted Pacific beaches.
Every year, the world produces more than 300 million tonnes of plastic! In a minute, people
around the globe use more than a million plastic bags and they throw away more than a million
plastic bottles. Where will all this plastic end up? About 10% of it will be recycled, and some will go to
landfill, but a lot of it will end up polluting the oceans. Experts estimate that there are already 200
million tonnes of plastic in the world’s oceans, and this will increase by about 7 million tonnes every
year.
 Because plastic isn’t biodegradable it won’t decompose naturally, so all the plastic that we
have now in the world will exist forever. That means we’ll need to clean up the oceans if we want to
protect our sea creatures. Better still, if we don’t use so much plastic, it won’t end up in the ocean!
Experts are warning that if we don’t take urgent action, there might be more plastic than fish in the
sea by 2050.
A. Match the words to their definitions.
1. getting trapped a. finish, arrive
2. shell b. make something free from pollutants
3. end up c. able to decay naturally by bacteria
4. landfill d. being unable to escape from
5. clean up e. the hard part on the back of a turtle
6. biodegradable f. a place in the ground to put rubbish
B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Plastic rubbish kills a million sea birds every year.
2. ____ The hermit crabs living on Pacific beaches die because of plastic pollution.
3. ____ Around the world, people use more plastic bottles than bags.
4. ____ Less than half of plastic bottles and bags end up getting recycled.
5. ____ Plastic rubbish will disappear naturally over time.
6. ____ It is predicted that there will be more plastic than fish in the oceans by 2050.
C. Answer the questions.
1. What never decomposes?
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How many tonnes of plastic are dumped into the oceans every year?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why do we need to clean up the oceans?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What can we personally do to help resolve this problem?
__________________________________________________________________________________

e. WRITING
I. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. national parks/ The number/ the world/ rising/ over/ all/ the time/ of/ all/ is

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. trees/ so much/ don’t/ We/ if/ we/ waste/ will/ thousands of/ paper/ save

__________________________________________________________________________________
3. while/ campsite/ me/ Will/ cleaning/ wait/I/ our/ you/ am/ for/ up?

__________________________________________________________________________________
4. the death/ Polluted water/ of/ fish and crabs/ such as/ aquatic animals/ causes

__________________________________________________________________________________
5. 190 countries/ Earth Day/ planet/ than/ protect/ More/ the/ celebrate/ to

__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Water pollution/ marine life/ destroying/ the/ ecosystem/ the Pacific Ocean/ in/ is/ for/ rich

__________________________________________________________________________________
7. cutting down/ the authority/ action/ takes/ Illegal loggers/ keep/ until/ serious/ trees/ will

__________________________________________________________________________________
8. be/ more/ The neighbourhood/ this/ cleaner/ people/ will/ environment programme/ join/ if

__________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.

1. It’s unsafe for humans and animals to drink polluted water.

 Polluted water

2. Con Dao National Park contains 16 small islands.

 There

3. Because she was absent from the meeting, she didn’t know the resolution.

 Because of

4. Many endangered marine species live in the ocean.

 The ocean is home

5. We need to reduce our plastic waste, otherwise we’ll threaten our own existence.

 If we

6. Countries celebrate Earth Hour to raise awareness of saving energy.

 Because countries want

7. The campers will pick up all the rubbish before they leave the campsite.
 After the campers

8. Air pollution deaths will double by 2050 if nations don’t act.

 Unless

9. Because the world’s temperatures rise, the Arctic keeps losing its ice.

 The world’s

10. Unless we reduce our carbon footprint, global warming will destroy the ecosystem.

 If
TEST FOR UNIT 7
I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from that of the others
1. a. release b. earth c. beach d. green
2. a. habitat b. environment c. wildlife d. diverse
3. a. ecosystem b. carbon c. coral d. species
4. a. poisoned b. died c. dumped d. caused
5. a. absorb b. protection c. continue d. provide
II. Choose the word that has different stress pattern.
1. a. environment b. ecosystem c. renewable d. participate
2. a. endangered b. dioxide c. pollution d. volunteer
3. a. pollute b. poison c. damage d. litter
4. a. device b. species c. problem d. product
5. a. natural b. valuable c. conservation d. national
III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.
1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p_________________.
2. The national park helps reserve many s_________________ of plants and animals.
3. Using public transport is a great way to p_________________ the environment.
4. Water pollution is damaging the marine e_________________ of the Persian Gulf.
5. Earth Day is celebrated to raise public a_________________ about the environmental issues.
6. The local authority will take action against resorts dumping w_________________ into the ocean.
7. To reduce your carbon f_________________, you should reduce the amount of energy you use.
8. People are working to help save e_________________ animals from extinction.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Everyone can save the environment by turning _______ devices when they’re not using them.
a. on b. up c. off d. down
2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects _______ human health.
a. on b. of c. for d. to
3. The city is trying to replace the use of _______ products in food service.
a. using-single b. single-using c. use-single d. single-use
4. Vast amounts of carbon dioxide release into the atmosphere _______ humans burn fossil fuels for
energy.
a. until b. before c. as soon as d. when
5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it _______ forever.
a. exists b. will exist c. won’t exist d. doesn’t exist
6. The goal of wildlife _______ is to ensure the survival of some endangered species.
a. mission b. destruction c. conservation d. management
7. _______ plastic waste is discarded improperly, it can harm the environment and biodiversity.
a. If b. Unless c. While d. Although
8. People should stop trees because they produce oxygen while they absorb carbon dioxide.
a. turning on b. taking off c. picking up d. cutting down
9. _______ can we help save our environment?
a. What b. How c. Why d. How much
10. If we care about plastic waste, _______
a. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water?
b. we would use reusable shopping bags.
c. we will throw away plastic water bottles.
d. why don’t we buy plastic bags?
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. We must do something to save our planet as soon as it is too late.
A. must B. to save C. as soon as D. too
2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.
A. the things B. can do C. improve D. recycle
3. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.
A. can B. even die C. will drink D. contaminated
4. They can’t release the koala back into the wild before its injury will heal.
A. can’t release B. into C. before D. will heal
5. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.
A. believe that B. the large cause C. of death D. in the world
6. Due to eating plastic waste, the California condor is now an endangering bird species.
A. Due to B. the C. endangering D. species
7. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.
A. save B. if C. using D. much
8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.
A. species B. at risk C. extinction D. because
9. The national park is home of many valuable kinds of woods and medicinal plants.
A. of B. many C. kinds D. medicinal
10. Toxic substances are poison substances that can cause health effects.
A. Toxic B. poison C. that D. effects
VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
1. People in my city often _________________ (use) motorbikes to go to work.
2. If we use less energy, we _________________ (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Every year, that factory _________________ (dump) hundred tons of plastic into the oceans.
4. The moon was covered yesterday as a thick smog _________________ (settle) over New Delhi.
5. Vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise can _________________ (cause) noise pollution.
6. Human activities _________________ (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.
7. A decade ago, WHO _________________ (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.
8. If the temperature _________________ (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years, we
_________________ (run into) serious problems.
9. We ________________ (visit) a national park as soon as exam period _______________ (be) over.
10. Last night, I _________________ (watch) A Plastic Wave, a documentary on plastic pollution.
11. We should avoid _________________ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.
12. Air pollution can make people _________________ (die).
VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. As an _________________, why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)
2. Should we protect some of our _________________ resources such as fresh water or soil? (value)
3. National parks also help to raise _________________ of local residents about protecting the
environment. (aware)
4. Heavy metals _________________ in water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)
5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the _________________ threats. (big)
6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment _________________. (dirt)
7. Those plants can grow _________________ in extreme climates. (nature)
8. Burning fossil fuels for electricity is a source of greenhouse gas _________________. (emit)
9. What can we do every day to help to stop _________________ warming? (globe)
10. The environmental activists are trying to_________________ wildltfe in this area. (conservation)
VIII. Match the questions to the answers
1. What is the main reason for thermal a. They are non-biodegradable and create an
pollution? environmental harzard.
2. What effect does thermal pollution b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants, mining and
have on aquatic animals? processing of nuclear material etc.
3. How to minimize the water c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to global
pollution due to chemicals? warming.
4. What diseases are usually caused by d. It affects their growth and may kill off them.
air pollution?
5. Which gas is mainly responsible for e. Hot water released by power plants and industries.
global warming?
6. What are the effects of noise f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure, emotional
pollution? problems and annoyance.
7. Why are plastic bags a big g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and breathing
environmental nuisance? problem.
8. What are sources of radioactive h. Treat wastewater before discharging it into a flowing
pollution ? body of water.
IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Adidas has created a sports shoe from garbage (1) _________________ in the ocean. The new
trainer is part of a project to raise awareness (2) _________________ the serious problem of ocean
pollution.
Garbage in the ocean is a huge problem. UNESCO estimates that in 2006, there were nearly
30,000 (3) _________________ of floating plastic for every square kilometre of ocean. Plastic debris
kills over a million seabirds and 100,000 (4) _________________ mammals every year. Adidas used
some of this plastic to make (5) _________________ new trainer. The sole of the sneaker is made
from sustainable materials, (6) _________________ the upper uses recycled ocean waste. This
consisted of plastic and illegal fishing nets. Adidas says it (7) _________________ a new trainer made
from ocean waste later this year. In another green initiative, the sportswear maker said it would be
(8) _________________ the use of plastic bags in all Adidas retail stores in the near future.
1. a. floating b. flying c. laying d. streaming
 2. a. on b. to c. of d. for
3. a. bunches b. pieces c. slices d. bits
4. a. native b. land c. wildlife d. marine
5. a. theirs b. it’s c. their d. its
6. a. when b. while c. since d. for
7. a. will release b. released c. releases d. is releasing
8. a. keeping on b. taking off c. phasing out d. putting up
X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.
There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is
caused by nature, such as floods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major cause of pollution.
We pollute the air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes
the air looks gray and smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute
the water by dumping garbage and chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the
pollution in the water. We pollute the soil with chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting
down trees in the forest, especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and
thinking.
The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit
pollution? How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment.
Conservation is the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by
not producing as much waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of
recreation land by cleaning up after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public
transportation will help reduce air pollution.
Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way.
Recycling can help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years.
A. Find the word in bold in the passage that means:
1. the protection of the natural environment
2. have a bad effect on something
3. a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry
4. sharing a car ride with other people
5. waste gases that come out of an engine
6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty
7. getting rid of
B. Choose the correct answers.
1. According to the passage, pollution _________________.
a. is always caused by humans. b. can only be caused by nature.
c. is mainly caused by humans. d. may sometimes cause natural disasters.
2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?
a. Air pollution b. Water pollution c. Soil pollution d. Light pollution
3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?
a. Land development b. Waste disposal
c. Pesticide or fertilizer use d. Exhaust from traffic
4. How can we help save our environment?
a. Stop pollution. b. Dump garbage into the river.
c. Drive cars everywhere. d. Cut down trees in the forests.
5. How does recycling help the environment?
a. It expands landfills. b. It saves natural resources.
c. It increases water pollution. d. It causes air pollution.
6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?
a. Walk or bike b. Carpool to work or school
c. Use public transport d. All of the above
7. What is the main idea of this article?
a. The air is dirty because of cars and factories.
b. The soil gets polluted from littering.
c. People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.
d. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.
XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.
1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (If)
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (because of)
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years. (Because)
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. People will keep protesting. The government takes action to protect the endangered rhinos. (until)
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. The ranger saw a baby panda in the river. He jumped into the river to save it. (As soon as)
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (because)
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (Unless)
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (When)
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence. (even though)
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (so)
__________________________________________________________________________________
ừ vựng Loại từ Nghĩa tiếng Việt Ví dụ và dịch nghĩa

Plants absorb sunlight to make food. (Cây hấp

absorb v hấp thụ
thụ ánh sáng mặt trời để tạo ra thức ăn.)

Bush fires can spread quickly during dry seasons.

bush fire vp cháy rừng
(Cháy rừng có thể lan nhanh trong mùa khô.)

They sat around the campfire and sang songs.

campfire n nơi đốt lửa trại
(Họ ngồi quanh đống lửa trại và hát.)

The campsite was near a river and surrounded

campsite n khu cắm trại by trees. (Khu cắm trại gần một con sông và
được bao quanh bởi cây cối.)

Too much carbon dioxide can affect the climate.

carbon dioxide np đi ô xít các bon (Quá nhiều khí carbon dioxide có thể ảnh hưởng
đến khí hậu.)

Flying frequently increases your carbon

carbon footprint np dấu chân các bon footprint. (Việc bay thường xuyên làm tăng dấu
chân các bon của bạn.)

Volunteers helped clean up the beach. (Các tình

clean up phr.v dọn sạch
nguyện viên đã giúp dọn sạch bãi biển.)

The community organized a recycling day. (Cộng

community n cộng đồng
đồng đã tổ chức một ngày tái chế.)

Water pollution is a major concern in urban

concern n mối lo âu areas. (Ô nhiễm nước là một mối lo lớn ở khu
vực thành thị.)

Divers explored the colorful coral reef. (Những

coral n san hô
thợ lặn đã khám phá rạn san hô đầy màu sắc.)

damage n sự thiệt hại The storm caused severe damage to the

buildings. (Cơn bão đã gây thiệt hại nghiêm
 trọng cho các tòa nhà.)

Swimming in the river can be dangerous. (Bơi

dangerous adj nguy hiểm
trong sông có thể nguy hiểm.)

Deforestation affects wildlife and climate. (Phá

deforestation n sự chặt phá rừng rừng ảnh hưởng đến động vật hoang dã và khí
hậu.)

The fire destroyed several houses. (Đám cháy đã

destroy v phá hủy
phá hủy nhiều ngôi nhà.)

The earthquake caused the destruction of many

destruction n sự phá hủy roads. (Trận động đất gây ra sự phá hủy của
nhiều con đường.)

The drought lasted for months without rain.

drought n hạn hán (Trận hạn hán kéo dài nhiều tháng không có
mưa.)

Factories dump waste into the river. (Các nhà

dump v vứt bỏ, đổ
máy đổ chất thải vào sông.)

The new law had a positive effect on pollution

effect n hiệu quả, tác động levels. (Luật mới có tác động tích cực đến mức
độ ô nhiễm.)

Car emissions contribute to air pollution. (Khí

emission n khí thải
thải từ ô tô góp phần vào ô nhiễm không khí.)

Pandas are considered an endangered species.

các loài có nguy cơ
endangered species np (Gấu trúc được xem là loài có nguy cơ tuyệt
tuyệt chủng
chủng.)

We must protect the environment for future

environment n môi trường generations. (Chúng ta phải bảo vệ môi trường
cho các thế hệ tương lai.)
 She is working on an environmental project. (Cô
environmental adj thuộc về môi trường
ấy đang làm việc trong một dự án môi trường.)

Soil erosion is a major problem in farming areas.

erosion n sự xói mòn (Xói mòn đất là vấn đề lớn ở các khu vực nông
nghiệp.)

Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.

extinct adj tuyệt chủng
(Khủng long đã tuyệt chủng hàng triệu năm.)

Pollution can lead to the extinction of species. (Ô

extinction n sự tuyệt chủng nhiễm có thể dẫn đến sự tuyệt chủng của các
loài.)

The factory produces plastic products. (Nhà máy

factory n nhà máy
sản xuất các sản phẩm nhựa.)

The heavy rain caused a serious flood. (Mưa lớn

flood n lũ lụt
gây ra một trận lũ nghiêm trọng.)

Many animals live in the forest. (Nhiều loài động

forest n rừng
vật sống trong rừng.)

Global warming affects the weather patterns.

global warming np sự nóng lên toàn cầu (Hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu ảnh hưởng đến
kiểu thời tiết.)

The greenhouse effect causes climate change.

greenhouse effect np hiệu ứng nhà kính
(Hiệu ứng nhà kính gây ra biến đổi khí hậu.)

Pollution threatens animal habitats. (Ô nhiễm đe

habitat n môi trường sống
dọa môi trường sống của động vật.)

The hurricane destroyed many homes. (Cơn bão

hurricane n bão lớn
lớn đã phá hủy nhiều ngôi nhà.)

illegal hunting np săn bắt trái phép Illegal hunting is pushing many species toward
extinction. (Săn bắt trái phép đang đẩy nhiều loài
 đến bờ tuyệt chủng.)

Industrial waste is polluting the river. (Chất thải

industrial adj thuộc công nghiệp
công nghiệp đang làm ô nhiễm con sông.)

The oil industry is very important to the

industry n ngành công nghiệp economy. (Ngành công nghiệp dầu mỏ rất quan
trọng đối với nền kinh tế.)

The city built a new landfill to handle waste.

landfill n bãi rác (Thành phố xây một bãi rác mới để xử lý rác
thải.)

Earthquakes and floods are common natural

natural disaster np thiên tai disasters. (Động đất và lũ lụt là những thiên tai
phổ biến.)

Plastic waste is polluting the ocean. (Rác thải

ocean n đại dương
nhựa đang làm ô nhiễm đại dương.)

The oil spill killed many sea creatures. (Sự tràn

oil spill np sự tràn dầu
dầu đã giết chết nhiều sinh vật biển.)

Overpopulation leads to lack of resources. (Bùng

overpopulation n sự bùng nổ dân số
nổ dân số dẫn đến thiếu tài nguyên.)

The ozone layer protects us from harmful UV

ozone layer np tầng ôzôn rays. (Tầng ôzôn bảo vệ chúng ta khỏi tia cực tím
có hại.)

Factories release pollutants into the air. (Các nhà

pollutant n chất gây ô nhiễm
máy thải chất gây ô nhiễm vào không khí.)

Air pollution is a major environmental issue. (Ô

pollution n sự ô nhiễm
nhiễm không khí là vấn đề môi trường lớn.)

We must preserve natural resources. (Chúng ta

preserve v bảo tồn
phải bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên.)
 The law protects endangered animals. (Luật
protect v bảo vệ pháp bảo vệ các loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt
chủng.)

Rainforests are home to many unique animals.

rainforest n rừng mưa nhiệt đới (Rừng mưa nhiệt đới là nơi sinh sống của nhiều
loài động vật độc đáo.)

We should recycle paper and plastic. (Chúng ta

recycle v tái chế
nên tái chế giấy và nhựa.)

Solar power is a form of renewable energy.

renewable energy np năng lượng tái tạo (Năng lượng mặt trời là một dạng năng lượng tái
tạo.)

Water is an important natural resource. (Nước là

resource n tài nguyên
một tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng.)

You can reuse glass bottles. (Bạn có thể tái sử

reuse v tái sử dụng
dụng chai thủy tinh.)

Don’t throw rubbish on the street. (Đừng vứt rác

rubbish n rác
ra đường.)

Sea level rise threatens coastal cities. (Mực nước

sea level rise np mực nước biển dâng
biển dâng đe dọa các thành phố ven biển.)

Good soil is essential for farming. (Đất tốt rất

soil n đất
quan trọng cho việc canh tác.)

Solar energy is clean and renewable. (Năng

solar energy np năng lượng mặt trời
lượng mặt trời sạch và có thể tái tạo.)

We need a solution to the pollution problem.

solution n giải pháp (Chúng ta cần một giải pháp cho vấn đề ô
nhiễm.)

storm n bão The storm knocked out power across the city.
 (Cơn bão làm mất điện khắp thành phố.)

Don’t throw away usable items. (Đừng vứt đi

throw away v vứt đi
những đồ vật còn sử dụng được.)

A tornado destroyed several homes last night.

tornado n lốc xoáy (Một cơn lốc xoáy đã phá hủy vài ngôi nhà tối
qua.)

Traffic fumes cause air pollution. (Khói xe gây ra

traffic fumes np khói xe cộ
ô nhiễm không khí.)

The greenhouse gases trap heat in the

trap v giữ, bẫy atmosphere. (Khí nhà kính giữ nhiệt trong khí
quyển.)

The tsunami caused massive destruction. (Sóng

tsunami n sóng thần
thần gây ra sự tàn phá lớn.)

Industrial waste pollutes the environment. (Chất

waste n chất thải
thải công nghiệp làm ô nhiễm môi trường.)

We saw many wild animals in the national park.

wild animals np động vật hoang dã (Chúng tôi nhìn thấy nhiều động vật hoang dã
trong công viên quốc gia.)

Wildlife needs protection from hunters. (Động

wildlife n đời sống hoang dã
vật hoang dã cần được bảo vệ khỏi thợ săn.)