Water Tank Design

Condition : When RCC Tank is Resting on Ground and L/B

Design a rectangular water tank having Length = 5.5m , W

Design by Working Stress Method.

INPUT DATA
Length of the Water Tank, L=
Width of the Water Tank, B=
Water depth , D=
Free Board =
Fck=
Fy =
Total Height of the Tank H=
L/B Ratio =
Top portion of wall (H-h) will be designed as a continuous fr
h= H/4
Bottom portion of wall designed as Cantilever h=

1. DESIGN CONSTANT
 Permissible Stress in Concrete, σcbc =
Permissible Stress in steel , σst =
Modular Ratio , m = 280/ 3 x σcbc , m=
K = m σcbc / (m σcbc + σst ) , k=
j = 1- K/3 , j=
Q = 1/2 x σcbc x k x j , Q=

2. Continues frame action

Water pressure at depth (H- h) , p= ϒw x (H-h)
Water pressure at depth H , p= ϒw x H

3. Fixed End moments (FEM)

 MFAB = - p L2 /12
MFAD = + p B2 /12

[Link] Factor
Joint Member K ∑K
AB 0.67
A 1.67
AD 1

6. MOMENT CALCULATION
B.M AT Support =
 B.M At the Centre of long span AB = p L2/8 - MA
B.M At the Centre of short span AD = p B2/8 - MA
Direct tension in long wall = p x B/2
Direct tension in Short wall = p x L/2

7. Thickness of the Wall

M = Q x b x d2 where M=
b=
dreq =
adopt d =
Effective cover =
Overall Wall thickness , D =

8). Design of Long Wall (Rein. Horizontal direction)

(I). At Support of Long Wall ( Tension on Liquid Face)
 B.M AT Support , M=
Tension in Long Wall , T=
x = Half of wall - Effective cover
Net moment at Support MNet= M - T * x
for Moment, Ast1 = MNet/ σst x j x d
for Tension, Ast2 = T / σst
Total Ast required =
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 20mm @90 mm c/c on Liquid face at the Corner
for the Long Wall in horizontal dir.
Ast provided
Provide minimum Ast = 0.24% of C/s at remote face
Astmin=
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c at Remote face at the Corner
for the Long Wall
 Ast provided

9). Distribution steel (Reinf. In Vertical direction)

provide minimum Ast = 0.24% of C/s
Astmin=
Note: If D < 500 mm , then Calculated Reinf is divided
equally on both faces
D=
Hence Astreq for Each Face

Assume bar dia

ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 10mm @290 mm c/c at Each face of Long Wall in
Vertical direction
Ast provided

10). Design of Short Walls (Rein. Horizontal direction)

(I). At Support of Short Wall ( Tension on Liquid Face)
B.M AT Support , M=
 Tension in Short Wall , T=
x = Half of wall - Effective cover
Net moment at Support MNet= M - T * x
for Moment, Ast1 = MNet/ σst x j x d
for Tension, Ast2 = T / σst
Total Ast required =
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 20mm @90 mm c/c on Liquid face at the Corner of
the Short Wall
Ast provided
Provide minimum Ast = 0.24% of C/s at remote face
Astmin=
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =

Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c at Remote face at the Corner

of the Short Wall
Ast provided
11). Cantilever Action for bottom portion, h=
Pressure at the base , p = ϒw x H
Mbase = 1/2 x (ϒw x H) x h x h/3 (Tension on Liquid face)
Astreq = Mbase / σst x j x d

Astmin on Each Face = Astmin/2

Final Ast on Each face=
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 10mm @250 mm c/c at Both faces

Ast provided

12). Base Slab Design

Note: As the slab is directly resting on ground, hence
nominal design can be done for base slab
Provide thickness of Base Slab D=
Thickness of each surface zone, t = D/2
 Astmin on Each Face = (0.24 x b x t) /100
Final Ast on Each face=
Note: Provide reinforcement only at the top face
Assume bar dia
ast
Spacing (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000
Spacing provided =
Provide 8mm @270 mm c/c at both ways
Ast provided
und and L/B < 2

th = 5.5m , Width= 4m and Depth of Water = 3.2m. Use M30 an

VALUE UNIT
6 m
4 m
3.1 m
0.2 m
30 N/mm2 Remote face Liquid face
415 N/mm2
3.3 m
1.5
a continuous frame
0.825 m
1m

VALUE UNIT
 8.5 N/mm2
115 N/mm2
10.98
0.448
0.851
1.62

Loading for Fram

VALUE UNIT 2.3 m
23 KN/m2 23 KN/m2
33 KN/m2 1m Loading for c

33 KN/m2

-MFAB= -69.0 KNm

A
VALUE UNIT
 -69 KNm MFAD=31 KNm

30.67 KNm
F p= 23KN/m2

5. Moment Distribution
DF = k/∑K JOINT D
0.40 D.F 0
0.60 FEM

BALANCE
FINAL MOMENTS

53.7

53.7
VALUE UNIT A
53.67 KNm
 49.83 KNm
-7.67 KNm 7.67
46 KN/m
69 KN/m
D
53.67

53.666666667

BMD

VALUE UNIT
53.67 KNm
1000 mm
182.03 mm T
185 mm x = 75mm
35 mm
220 mm
M x=

VALUE UNIT 8). Design of Long Wall (Rein. Ho

(II). At Centre of Long Wall (Tens
53.66667 KNm B.M AT Centre ,
46 KN/m Tension in Long W
75 mm x = Half of wall - Effec
50.22 KNm Net moment at Centre M
2774.72 mm2 for Moment , Ast1= MN
400.00 mm2 for Tension, Ast2 =
3174.72 mm2 Total Ast requi
20 mm Assume bar d
314.0 mm2 ast
98.91 mm Spacing (req)= (ast/As
90 mm Spacing provid
Provide 20mm @100 mm c/c at Rem
the Long Wall in horizontal dir.
3489 mm2 Ast provide
Provide minimum Ast = 0.24% of C/s
528 mm2 Astmin=
10 mm Assume bar d
78.5 mm2 ast
148.67 mm Spacing (req)= (ast/As
140 mm Spacing provid
Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c at Liqu
the Long Wall
 561 mm2 Ast provide

VALUE UNIT

528 mm2

220 mm
264 mm2

10 mm
78.5 mm2
297.35 mm
290 mm

271 mm2

VALUE UNIT 10). Design of Short Walls (Rein.

(I). At Centre of Short Wall ( Tens
53.7 KNm B.M AT Support ,
 69 KN/m Tension in Short W
75 mm x = Half of wall - Effec
48.49 KNm Net moment at Centre M
2679.40 mm2 for Moment, Ast1 = MN
600.00 mm2 for Tension, Ast2 =
3279.40 mm2 Total Ast requi
20 mm Assume bar d
314.0 mm2 ast
95.75 mm Spacing (req)= (ast/As
90 mm Spacing provid
Provide 20mm @230 mm c/c on Liq
the Short Wall
3489 mm2 Ast provide
Provide minimum Ast = 0.24% of C/s
528.00 mm2 Astmin=
10 mm Assume bar d
78.5 mm2 ast
148.67 mm Spacing (req)= (ast/As
140 mm Spacing provid

Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c at Rem

the Short Wall
561 mm2 Ast provide
 1m UNIT
33 KN/m2
5.50 KNm
303.9 mm2 Loading for Fram
264 mm2 2.3 m
304 mm2 23 KN/m2
10 mm Loading for c
1m
78.5 mm2
258.31 mm 33 KN/m2
250 mm

314 mm2

VALUE UNIT

150 mm
75 mm2
 180 mm2
180 mm2

8 mm
50.2 mm2
279.11 mm
270 mm

186 mm2
1m
Provide 20mm
Provide 10mm
@140 mm c/c Short Wall B=4.0 m
Provide 20mm
Provide 10mm @290 mm c/c Provide 20mm @
Provide 10mm @
1m

1m

Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c

 220 mm

Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c Provide 20mm @

c/c

Provide 10mm
mm c/c
Provide 10mm @290 mm c/c

Provide 8mm @
both w

220 mm

Section A-A
 CIVIL SMART

m. Use M30 and Fe 415. Tank rests on ground.

L=6.0 m

B=4.0 m

(a). Plan
 L=6.0 m

Loading for Frame action

H=3.3 m
Loading for cantilever action

(a). Elevation

L=6.0 m
E B
 B=4.0 m

C
(a). Plan

ution
A B
0.600.40 0
30.67-69.00

23.0015.33
53.67-53.67

53.7

(-) 53.7
(+) B

49.83
 49.83

7.67

49.83
C 53.7
(-)

53.67

BMD

T
220 mm
110mm

Half of wall - Effective cover

Wall (Rein. Horizontal direction) VALUE UNIT

ong Wall (Tension on Remote Face)
 M AT Centre , M= 49.83 KNm
ension in Long Wall , T= 46 KN/m
alf of wall - Effective cover 75 mm
ment at Centre MNet= M - T * x 46.383333 KNm
ment , Ast1= MNet/ σst x j x d 2562.91 mm2
r Tension, Ast2 = T / σst 400.00 mm2
Total Ast required = 2962.91 mm2
Assume bar dia 20 mm
ast 314.0 mm2
g (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000 105.98 mm
Spacing provided = 100 mm
0 mm c/c at Remote face at the Cente for
izontal dir.
Ast provided 3140 mm2
st = 0.24% of C/s at Liquid face
Astmin= 528 mm2
Assume bar dia 10 mm
ast 78.5 mm2
g (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000 148.67 mm
Spacing provided = 140 mm
0 mm c/c at Liquid face at the Centre for
 Ast provided 561 mm2

rt Walls (Rein. Horizontal direction) VALUE UNIT

ort Wall ( Tension on Liquid Face)
M AT Support , M= -7.67 KNm
nsion in Short Wall , T= 69 KN/m
alf of wall - Effective cover 75 mm
ment at Centre MNet= M - T * x -12.84 KNm
ment, Ast1 = MNet/ σst x j x d 709.57 mm2
r Tension, Ast2 = T / σst 600.00 mm2
Total Ast required = 1309.57 mm2
Assume bar dia 20 mm
ast 314.0 mm2
g (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000 239.77 mm
Spacing provided = 230 mm
0 mm c/c on Liquid face at the Centre of

Ast provided 1365 mm2

st = 0.24% of C/s at remote face
Astmin= 528.00 mm2
Assume bar dia 10 mm
ast 78.5 mm2
g (req)= (ast/Astreq) * 1000 148.67 mm
Spacing provided = 140 mm

0 mm c/c at Remote face at the Centre of

Ast provided 561 mm2

 L=6.0 m

Loading for Frame action

H=3.3 m

Loading for cantilever action

(a). Elevation

Provide 8mm @270 mm c/c at both ways

75mm
 75mm

BASE SLAB

A
Long Wall

L=6.0 m
Provide 20mm @90 mm c/c A

Provide 20mm @230 mm c/c

B B
Provide 20mm @90 mm c/c
Provide 10mm @140 mm c/c
Provide 10mm @290 mm c/c

1m
Provide 20mm @100 mm c/c

(a). Plan
 220 mm

Provide 10mm @290

Provide 20mm @90 mm mm c/c
c/c

Provide 10mm @290

mm c/c H=3.3 m Provide 20mm @230
mm c/c

Provide 8mm @270 mm c/c at

both ways Provide 8mm @270 mm c/c at
both ways

150 mm
150 mm

Section B-B
220 mm

220 mm