TABLE OF CONTENTS

[Link]. CONTENTS PAGE NO.

1.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

2.
GROUP MEMBERS

3.
PHOTOGRAPHS

4.
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT

5.
DEVICES USED

6.
PROCEDURE

7.
READINGS

8.
LONGITUDINAL

9.
CROSS SECTION

10.
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
What is Road and why is it necessary?
Road is any hard surface which can carry traffic movement
It has economic and social importance
The proposed road is aimed :
➢To reduce the time of travel between the villages.
➢To help in the transportation of local agricultural products to nearby markets.
➢To facilitate the residents better connectivity with main city

Objective
➢To conduct detailed engineering survey of proposed Jote road
➢To prepare detailed design and cost estimate for construction of proposed road.

Project location
➢The proposed road is located in papum pare District, Jote.
➢The road runs along Jote river
➢The latitude and the longitude of the starting point are 27°02'24.4"N and
93°27'07.5"E respectively.

Geology
• The region is situated on the northern side of the Eastern Himalaya
➢The area is also prone to earthquakes due to the complex geological setting and
tectonic activities.
➢The geological formation is predominantly composed of sedimentary rocks,
including sandstones.
 Hydrology And Meteorology
➢The region has a humid subtropical climate with heavy rainfall throughout the
year.
➢The region experiences a monsoon season from June to September, during
which it receives most of its annual rainfall.
➢The average annual rainfall in Jote village is around 2,500 mm.
➢The temperature in Jote village ranges from a minimum of around 10°C in
winter to a maximum of around 30°C in summer.

• METHODOLOGY
➢MAP STUDY
➢FIELD WORK
➢EQUIPMENT USED FOR SURVEYING
 DESK WORK

HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT
➢The position or layout of the centre line of highway on the ground is called an
alignment.
➢It includes both horizontal and vertical alignment of roadways.
➢Horizontal alignment includes straight path,the deviations and horizontal curves
➢Vertical curve and changes in gradient are covered under vertical alignment

REQUIREMENTS
➢Short
➢Easy to construct and maintain with minimum problems
➢Safe enough for construction and maintainance
➢Economical in terms of initial cost, maintainace cost and vehicle operating cost.
➢The alignment should be such that it would offer maximum utility by serving
maximum population and product
➢To achieve a good alignment:-
➢Longitudinal section of road is studied in detail
➢Moreover, cross sections at regular chainage is also studied

PROFILE LEVELLING
The process of determing the elevation of a point at a measured interval along a
fixed line such as the centre line of a railway , highway etc.
➢Type of profile levellinig
Cross section of road
Longitudinal section of road

LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF ROAD :

1. A longitudinal section view of a road shows the direction of travel and its elevation.
2. This section can be used to determining the inclination or slope while passing from
one points to another .
3. The longitudinal section also allows you to determine if the existing road is good
conditions or any improvement is needed.
4. During geometric design ,longitudinal section displays horizontal and vertical curve
details
DATA SHEET OF LONGITUDINAL SECTION

CHAINAG E(M) IS F.S H.I R.L REMARKS

BS
1.315 101.315 RL OF BM=100m

0 1.315 101.315 100

50 1.52 101.315 99.795

100 1.47 1.195 101.41 99.94 CP1

150 1.235 1.45 101.015 99.78 CP2

200 1.435 0.625 101.645 100.21 CP3

250 1.305 1.015 101.755 100.45 CP4

300 1.81 1.07 102.315 100.505 CP5

350 1.26 102.315 101.055

400 1.38 1.11 102.405 101.015 CP6

450 1.35 102.405 101.055

500 1.56 102.405 101.925

9.95 8.025

1.925 1.925
CHECK
LONGITUDINAL PROFILE
 WHAT IS CROSS SECTION
➢It is a term used to describe the shape and dimensions of a road when viewed from
the front .
➢It typically includes the width of the roadway,the height or slope the sides and
presence of elements such as retaining walls, drains etc.
➢The cross section of a road plays a vital role during the designing and construction
[Link] instance ,a road with very steep sides slopes may be more challenging.

CROSS SECTION ELEMENTS OF ROAD

• The cross section of a road is an essential factor to consider when designing a new
road or resurfacing an existing roadway.

• ORIGINAL GROUND LEVEL (OGL)

• Original ground level is the vertical distance from a specific datum to the undisturbed
natural surface of the underlying soil.

• The specified datum typically means a local assumed benchmark but can also be
sea level.
➢As high accuracy in elevation is important ,data is generally collected using auto –
level

FINISHED ROAD LEVEL(FRL)

➢It is the final height of the road bed after all paving has been finished.
➢It is obtained after the geometric design of the highway .

PAVEMENT SURFACE
CHARACTERISTICS
 FRICTION:
➢Friction between the wheel and the pavement surface is a crucial factor the safe
design of horizontal curves and thus the safe operating speed.
➢The frictional force that develops between the wheel and the pavements is the load
acting multiplied by a factor called the coeffient of friction.
➢IRC suggests the coefficient of longitudinal friction as 0.35-0.4 depending upon the
speed and for lateral friction as 0.15.

➢ UNEVENNESS
➢Even if a road is constructed with high qaulity pavers ,it is
possible to develop unevenness due to pavement failure.
➢Unevenness affects the vehicle operation cost ,speed ,
riding,comfort ,safety,fuel comsumption and wear and tear of
tyres.
LIGHT REFLECTION
➢ White roads have good visibility at night but caused glare
during day time .
➢ Black roads have no glare during the day but have poor
visibility at night.
➢ Concrete roads have better visibility and less glare.
➢DRAINAGE
➢The pavement surface should be absolutely impermeable to prevent
the seepage of water into the pavement layers.
➢Camber is the cross slope provided to raise the middle of the road
surface in the transvere direction to drain of rainwater from the road
surface .
➢Camber is measuresd in 1 in n or n%.
➢KERBS
➢ Kerbs are the raised edges of a road that delineate
the edge of the carriageway .
➢ They are typically made from concrete,stone and
to provide a safe edge for vehicle to travel along
and prevent vehicle fro

CHAINA
OFFSET BS IS F.S H.I R.L REMARKS
G E(M)

1.31 101.31 100 RL OF

5 5 BM=100m
0 -3.75 1.395 101.31 99.92
5
-1.875 1.35 101.31 99.965
5
0 1.315 101.31 100
5
1.875 1.325 101.31 99.99
5
3.75 1.335 101.31 99.98
5
50 -3.75 1.61 101.31 99.705
5
-1.875 1.57 101.31 99.745
5
0 1.52 101.31 99.795
5
1.875 1.725 101.31 99.59
5
3.75 1.75 101.31 99.565
5
100 -3.75 1.455 101.31 99.86
 5
-1.875 1.345 101.31 99.97
5
0 1.375 101.31 99.94
5
1.875 1.42 101.31 99.895
5
3.75 1.47 1.375 101.41 99.94 T.P.1
150 -3.75 1.71 101.41 99.7
-1.875 1.685 101.41 99.725
0 1.625 101.41 99.785
1.875 1.94 101.41 99.47
3.75 1.23 1.63 101.01 99.78 T.P.2
5 5
200 -3.75 0.835 101.01 100.18
5
-1.875 0.77 101.01 100.245
5
0 0.81 101.01 100.205
5
1.875 0.925 101.01 100.09
5
3.75 1.43 0.805 101.64 100.21 T.P.3
5 5
250 -3.75 1.255 101.64 100.39
5
-1.875 1.21 101.64 100.435
5
0 1.21 101.64 100.435
5
1.875 1.245 101.64 100.4
5
3.75 1.30 1.195 101.75 100.45 T.P.3
5 5
DATA TABLE OF CROSS SECTION
 3.75 1.3 1.1 101.7 100.4 T.P
05 95 55 5 .3
300 -3.75 1.3 101.7 100.4
5 55 05
-1.875 1.3 101.7 100.4
55 55
0 1.2 101.7 100.4
6 55 95
1.875 1.3 101.7 100.4
05 55 5
3.75 1.8 1.2 102.3 100.5 T.P
1 5 15 05 .4
350 -3.75 1.2 102.3 101.0
5 15 65
-1.875 0.9 102.3 101.3
8 15 35
0 0.9 102.3 101.3
65 15 5
1.875 1.1 102.3 101.1
5 15 65
3.75 0.9 102.3 101.3
7 15 45
400 -3.75 1.3 102.3 100.9
25 15 9
-1.875 1.2 102.3 101.0
6 15 55
0 1.3 102.3 101.0
15 15
1.875 1.3 102.3 100.9
6 15 55
3.75 1.3 1.2 102.4 101.0 T.P
8 9 05 25 .4
450 -3.75 1.0 102.4 101.3
9 05 15
-1.875 1.1 102.4 101.2
4 05 65
0 1.3 102.4 101.0
5 05 55
1.875 1.8 102.4 100.5
7 05 35
3.75 1.1 102.4 101.2
1 05 95
500 -3.75 0.4 102.4 101.9
6 05 45
-1.875 0.4 102.4 101.9
7 05 35
0 0.4 102.4 101.9
8 05 25
1.875 0.5 102.4 101.8
1 05 95
3.75 1.5 100.8
6 45
 CONCLUSIONS
• Transport is no doubt the backbone for the development and is therefore the most
important infrastructures. Considering the economy and topography of our country
road is the best feasible means of transportation. As such like other road this
proposed road has also its significance in the development of the its influenced area.
As such the detailed survey and engineering design and estimate of the propose
road was completed as per the norms and conditions of the country and the
prevailing rates.

• This road is constructed to ease the transportation facility between the villages and
also to City. As such this proposed road will definitely fulfill its objective of
connectivity

• This road will further help in the development of trade and industry in the area,
promotes the socio economic activities in the region and helps in other infrastructural
development like health and education in the region.