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Random Variables & Probability Distributions

The document provides an overview of random variables and probability distributions, distinguishing between discrete and continuous random variables. It includes definitions, examples, and properties related to these concepts, as well as methods for identifying and illustrating probability distributions. Key elements such as sample space, random variable notation, and graphical representations like histograms and normal curves are also discussed.

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diamosgwy
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17 views14 pages

Random Variables & Probability Distributions

The document provides an overview of random variables and probability distributions, distinguishing between discrete and continuous random variables. It includes definitions, examples, and properties related to these concepts, as well as methods for identifying and illustrating probability distributions. Key elements such as sample space, random variable notation, and graphical representations like histograms and normal curves are also discussed.

Uploaded by

diamosgwy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Random Variables

and
Probability Distributions
Statistics & Probability
Learning Objectives:
• illustrates a random variable (discrete and continuous)
• distinguishes between a discrete and a continuous
random variable.
• finds the possible values of a random variable
• illustrates a probability distribution for a discrete
random variable and its corresponding histogram and
its properties.
DEFINITION AND
• EXPERIMENT – any movement that should be possible more than
TERMS:
once under comparative condition.
• SAMPLE SPACE – the arrangement of every possible outcomes
of an experiment. S= { head, tail}
• RANDOM VARIABLE :
✔ value depend on the outcome of a random process.
✔ variable whose values is in numerical outcome of a
random phenomenon.
✔ denoted as capital letter (X,Y,Z)
✔ Discrete or Continuous
DISCRETE RANDOM
VARIABLE
• A variable that can take on a finite number of a
distinct orders.
• It is countable
• It is a whole number
• Graph: histogram
CONTINUOUS
RANDOM VARIABLE
• A random variable that take an interminably uncountable number of a
potential values.
• Measurable amounts.
• It is infinite
• Represent as fraction and decimal
• Graph : Normal Curve
IDENTIFY IF DISCRETE OR
1. Number of patients per day at Northern Mindanao Medical
Center. CONTINUOUS
2. Amount of paint utilized in a building project.
3. Temperature of a Covid-19 patient.
4. Score of students in a quiz.
5. The number of male athletes.
6. The amount of sugar in a cup of coffee.
7. The number of deaths infected by Covid.
8. How long student ate breakfast.
9. Time to finish running 100 meter.
EXAMPLE 1
Supposed three coins are tossed. Let X be the random variable
representing the number of heads that will occur. Find the values of
the random variable X.
EXAMPLE 2
Supposed there are 2 people to be tested in Covid 19. Let X be the
random variable representing the number of infected person that
occur. Find the order of the random variable X.
EXAMPLE 3
Box A and Box B contain 1,2,3,4. Write the probability mass function
and draw the histogram of the sum when one number from each box
taken at a time, with replacement.
PROPERTIES OF
DISCRETE
PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
EXAMPLE 1.
Determine whether the distribution is a discrete probability
distribution or NOT
x 2 4 6

P(x) 1/2 3/4 -1/4


EXAMPLE 2.
Determine whether the distribution is a discrete probability
distribution or NOT

X 5 10 15 20

P(X) 1/8 3/8 1/2 0


EXAMPLE 3.
A random variable X has the following probability
distribution.
X 0 1 2 3 4

P(X) 0.06 0.23 ______ 0.35 0.05


THANK YOU

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