PowerPoint® Presentation
Chapter 4
Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Velocity and Conductors • Conductors and
Connectors
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
In a hydraulic system,
liquid can transmit
energy because it is
almost completely
incompressible.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Pascal’s law, stating
that pressure is
distributed
undiminished
throughout a closed
container, can be
applied during the
transmission of energy
in a hydraulic system.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
A nomographic chart is
used to determine the
inside diameter of a
conductor, flow velocity
in fps, and fluid flow in
gpm, when two
variables are known.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
The three types of
pipes that are used in
fluid power applications
are black, galvanized,
and stainless steel.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
The three common
pipe schedules that are
used in fluid power
applications are
schedule 40, schedule
80, and schedule 160.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
The two types of pipe threaders are handheld pipe
threaders and pipe-threading machines.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Male pipe threads are
cut at the ends of a
pipe to ensure a proper
connection with the
pipe fitting.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Leave a couple of the
end pipe threads free
from pipe thread
sealant or Teflon® tape
to ensure that it does
not contaminate the
system.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
A flared tube fitting is
connected to tubing in
which the end is
spread outward.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
A flared tube fitting is
tightened by using a
torque wrench or by
turning the fitting nut
while observing
witness marks.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
The impact flaring
method uses a flaring
tool that is inserted into
the tubing end and
hammered until the
tubing end is flared as
required.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Flareless tube fittings create a seal with a ferrule.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Tubing should never be
assembled in a straight
line, but instead should
be bent to reduce
vibration strains and to
compensate for
thermal expansion.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Hoses are fabricated in
layers for use in high-
pressure hydraulic
systems.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Two types of
connection fittings for
hoses are threaded
fittings and quick-
disconnect fittings.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Hoses are installed to avoid excessively short lengths,
sharp bends, and twists.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
A layline is a line mark
or print on a hose that
indicates if the hose
has been improperly
twisted.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Thread screw gauges can be used to verify the type
and pitch of unidentified screw threads that are located
on certain types of fluid power equipment.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
A connector that has
two male ends typically
has one end that
attaches to a hydraulic
hose while the other
end attaches to a
threaded port on
another.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
Thread pitch can be found on English threads by
counting the number of threads in a 1” length of a
threaded device and on metric threads by measuring.
Chapter 4 — Fluid Conductors and Connectors
The most common
types of threads used
on hydraulic
connectors are British
standard pipe parallel
thread (BSPP), British
standard pipe tapered
thread (BSPT), and
American national pipe
thread/national pipe
thread fuel
(NPT/NPTF).