LESSON PLAN
WEEK: 1
SUBJECT: Basic Science
TOPIC: Soil
SUB- TOPIC: Types of Soil and their Properties
CLASS: year 2
DATE: 7th -9th January, 2026
TIME:
DURATION: 120minutes
RATIONALE: this lesson will
OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to:
I. Define soil.
II. List and identify different types of soil.
III. List the properties of each type of soil.
PRE-REQUISITE KNOWLEDGE: the pupils know that.
TEACHING RESOURCES:
REFRERENCE MATERIALS:
LESSON DEVELOPMENT
STEPS TEACHER’S ACTIVITY PUPILS’ ACTIVITY LEARNING POINTS
Introduction The teacher introduces The pupils answer the Entry
the lesson by asking the teacher’s question. assessment/Recall
pupils what they
understand about soil.
Step 1 The teacher guides the The pupils define soil Meaning of soil.
pupils to define soil. and copy the meaning
Content
into their notebooks.
Development She writes down their
answers on the board.
Step 2 The teacher guides the The pupils list the Types of soil.
pupils list different types types of soil.
of soil.
Step 3 The teacher guides the The pupils identify the Properties of soil.
pupils to identify the types of soil based on
types of soil based on their properties (using
their properties (using observation method).
observation method).
EVALUATION 1. Define the soil. The pupils respond to Evaluation/
2. List the main the questions raised. reinforcement
types of soil. The teacher makes
3. Write down four corrections where
properties for need be.
each type of soil.
CONCLUTION The teacher summarizes The pupils listen to Reinforcement
the entire lesson with the summary and ask
focus on slow learners. questions
ASSIGNMENT 1. Smart Basic
Science and
Technology
Workbook 2,
page 25-26.
2. Which type of
soil can be found
in your school
garden?_______.
3. Which soil type is
best for building
houses?_____.
PRACTICAL: Collect three
different soil samples
and observe the
following-colour,
texture, size of particles
and water retention.
Write down your
observation.
CONTENT: SOIL
Soil is the top covering of the earth in which plants grow. It is a non-living part of our
environment.
TYPES OF SOIL
There are three main types of soil. They are;
1. Sandy soil
2. Loamy soil
3. Clay soil
Properties of Soil
1. Sandy Soil: the properties of sandy soil are;
i. It is light in colour.
ii. It is rough and grainy in texture.
iii. Does not hold water well.
iv. It has large airspaces.
2. Loamy Soil: the properties of loamy soil are;
i. It is dark brown or black in colour.
ii. It is fine in texture.
iii. It holds water but does not flood.
iv. It has good airspaces.
3. Clay Soil: properties of clay soil are;
i. It is reddish or brown in colour.
ii. It is smooth in texture when it is dry and sticky when wet.
iii. It holds water very well.
iv. It has very small air spaces.