BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
PRIME MODULE
2nd YEAR BDS
1
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
Introduction
The PRIME (Professionalism, Research, Identity formation, Management and leadership, and Ethics) curriculum, devised
by the Institute of Health Professions Education & Research at Khyber Medical University, is a forward-thinking approach
aimed at nurturing future doctors with a profound sense of societal care and empathy. This comprehensive module spans all
four years of BDS training, encompassing disciplines such as behavioral sciences, medical education, research, management,
leadership, and ethics. Furthermore, it incorporates essential subjects like Islamic studies and Pakistan studies, intended to
foster a strong sense of Muslim and Pakistani identity, laying a foundational groundwork before professional identity
formation within medicine.
The provided document outlines the module's topics, learning objectives, their sequential placement over the course of 2nd
year BDS, . allocation, and assessment strategies. The initial segment of the module study guide elucidates general learning
outcomes, while the subsequent portion delves into detailed learning objectives and a comprehensive table of specifications.
In addition to emphasizing professional competency, the PRIME curriculum underscores the significance of broader societal
2
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
awareness, cultural identity, and ethical grounding in medical practice. This holistic approach aims to produce well-rounded
medical professionals capable of navigating the complexities of healthcare with integrity and compassion.
3
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
GENERAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES :
By the end of 2nd year BDS, students will be able to:
Professionalism:
1. Demonstrate effective communication and counseling skills for managing sensitive patient interactions.
2. Discus different techniques of giving feedback
Research:
1. Define research.
2. Discuss the steps of research.
3. Conduct literature search and reviews.
4. Formulate research questions, and objectives.
5. Demonstrate the use of referencing software (EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero etc).
6. Describe different types of research.
4
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
Identity Formation:
1. Reflect on personal and professional identity formation, creating development plans.
2. Balance personal and professional life using time management strategies and self-awareness.
Management & Leadership:
1. Demonstrate leadership in managing clinical teams and healthcare resources.
Ethics:
1. Address complex ethical challenges, consent taking and resource allocation.
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION:
5
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
S. Content Learning Objectives (LOs) Module Teaching Time Assessment Method
No. Method Allocation
(hours)
A) Professionalism and Behavioral sciences
1. Power Dynamics 1.1 Define and explain the concept Pre-clinical LGIS/SGD 2 MCQs, OSCE, Formative
of power dynamics, including Dentistry I
(Power dynamics, its impact on interrelationships
bullying, in professional settings.
harassment, its
influences on 1.2 Identify and discuss various
interrelationships) forms of misuse of power,
including bullying and
harassment, and their effects
on individuals and
organizations.
1.3 Analyze strategies for avoiding
the misuse of power for
personal gains
2. Dealing with 2.1 Serve the patient as an Foundation-II Lecture Formative
patients: individual, considering 2
Culture, Life style, lifestyle, beliefs and support
and Belief System in system
the society
3. Mental illness 3.1 Define mental illness, its Infection and Lecture/ 1 MCQ and formative
importance, impact, and Inflammation Small
prevention group Teaching
4. Social psychology, 4.1 Describe social psychology, and Pre-clinical Lecture 1 MCQ and formative
oral health & its relation on oral health and Dentistry II
terrorism terrorism
5. Stigma and reactions 5.1 Describe Stigma and reactions Pre-clinical Lecture 1 MCQ and formative
to illness to illness, and how not to be Dentistry II
judgmental
B) Communication Skills
6
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
6. Verbal and non- 6.1 Develop and Demonstrate Foundation II Role play, 0.5 MCQ and Continuous
verbal effective verbal and non-verbal Group Discussion Formative
communication skills communication skills OSPE
7. Listening skills 7.1 Develop and demonstrate Infection and Role play, 0.5 MCQ and Continuous
active listening skills for Inflammation Group Discussion Formative
learning purposes and to the OSPE
patient’s problems
8. Reading skills 8.1 Develop and Pre-clinical Role play, 0.5 MCQ and Continuous
demonstrate effective Dentistry I Group Discussion Formative
reading skills
9. Effective Feedback 9.1 Define feedback in professional Pre-clinical Lecture/Case 2 Formative, MCQs, OSCE
development. Dentistry I Studies/ Role
Play
9.2 Identify different types of
feedback (e.g., constructive,
positive, negative).
9.3 Discuss techniques for giving
and receiving feedback
effectively.
Practice giving and receiving feedback
in clinical scenarios.
C. Research
10. Introduction 10.1 Describe the background Foundation II LGIS/SGD 1 Assignment, MCQs
and purpose of research.
11. Literature Search 11.1 Describe Foundation II SGD/ 2 Assignment, MCQs
techniques of literature Hands-on Formative
search and review. Workshop
11.2 Conduct literature
search to finalize the
research question using
Boolean logic.
12. Referencig 12.1 Enumerate the Foundation II Lecture/Hands- 1 Assignment, MCQs, EMQs
software different softwares used for on Workshop
(EndNote, references.
7
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
Mendeley, Zotero) 12.2 Demonstrate the use of
referencing software.
13. Types of Research 13.1 Explain different types Foundation II Lecture/SGD 1 Assignment, Practical
of research.
14. Formulation of 14.1 Formulate research Foundation II Lecture/SGD/ 1 MCQ, Assignment
Research Question question. hands on
14.2 Describe how to develop
a research question.
15. Sample size 15.1 Calculate sample size Infection and Lecture and 1 MCQs/Assignment
for a specific research Inflammation Hands on
project. Exercise in
Computer lab
16. Sampling techniques 16.1 Describe various Infection and Lecture/SGD/ 2 MCQ, Assignment
and sample sampling techniques. Inflammation hands on
selection: 16.2 Justify sampling
techniques chosen for a specific
research project.
16.3 Select sample for a
specific research project
IDENTITY FORMATION
17. Work-Life Balance in 17.1 Define work-life Pre-clinical Lecture/SGD 1 Reflective Assignment
Dentistry balance. 2. Identify challenges Dentistry II
in balancing personal and
professional life.
17.2 Develop strategies for
maintaining balance.
MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP
18. Models of 18.1 Compare different Pre-clinical Lecture /group 1 MCQs
leadership & models of leadership and Dentistry II discussion
management management
ETHICS
19. Informed Consent 19.1 Define informed Infection and Lecture/SGD 1 MCQs, Formative
consent. Inflammation
19.2 Explain the components
of informed consent.
8
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
19.3 Discuss the ethical
implications of obtaining
consent.
19.4 Apply informed consent
principles in clinical cases.
9
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
Learning Resources for 2nd Year BDS PRIME Module (Weeks 1–24)
PRIME Topic Learning Resource
Professionalism "Medical Professionalism: Best Practices" by Jill A. Thistlethwaite
[Link]
Badshah, A., Mahboob, U., & Yousaf, A. (2022). How to teach professionalism in a clinical context? Journal of the
College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 32(3), 275–277. [Link]
Ethics 100 Cases in Medical Ethics" by Conrad Fischer
Leadership and Teams "Leadership in Healthcare: Essential Values and Skills" by Carson Dye
Professional Burnout "Burnout: The Cost of Caring" by Christina Maslach
[Link]
Advanced Search Engines and Literature Review "How to Conduct a Literature Review in Healthcare" by Elizabeth Wager
Informed Consent and Refusal "Medical Ethics: Accounts of Ground-Breaking Cases" by Gregory Pence.
100 Cases in Medical Ethics" by Conrad Fischer
Time and Resource Management "Time Management for Healthcare Professionals" by Donald Wetmore
End-of-Life or withdrwal of treatment "100 Cases in Medical Ethics" by Conrad Fischer
Ethics
10
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee
BDS PRIME Module – 2nd
Year
Professionalism in Handling Medical Errors "100 Cases in Medical Ethics" by Conrad Fischer
Continuous Professional Development (CPD) and "The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action" by Donald Schön
Lifelong Learning
11
KMU (IHPER) - Dental Central Curriculum Committee