228 sCIENCE FOR TENTH CLAS8: PHYSICs

3 What is the unit of refractive index ?

4 Which has higher refractive index : water or glass ?
5. Refractive indices of carbon disulphide and ethyl alcohol are 1.63 and 1.36 respectively. Which is optically
denser ?
6. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement in relation to the speed of
light ?
7. If the refractive index for light going from air to diamond be 2.42, what will be the refractive index for light
going from diamond to air ?
8. How is the refractive index of a material related to the speed of light in it ?
9. Fill in the following blank with a suitable word :
When a ray of light goes from air into a clear material, you see the ray bend. How much the ray bends is
determined by the.....[Link] material.
Short Answer Type Questions
10. Give three examples of materials that refract light rays. What happens to the speed of light rays when they
enter these materials ?
1. Define Snell's law of refraction. Aray of light is incident on aglass slab at an angle of incidence of 60°. If the
angle
0.540).
of refraction be 32.7°, calculate the refractive index of glass. (Given :sin 60° =0.866, and sin 32.7° =
12. The speed of light in vacuum and in two different glasses is given in the table below :
Medium Speed of light
Vacuum 3.00 x 108 m/s
Flint glass 1.86 x 10 m/s
Crown glass 1.97 × 10® m/s
(a) Calculate the absolute refractive indexes of flint glass and
crown glass.
(b) Calculate the relative refractive index for light going from
crown glass to flint glass.
13. The speed of light in air is 3 x 10 m/s. In medium X its speed is 2 x
light is 2.5 x 10® mn/s. Calculate: 10® m/s and in medium Y the speed of
(a) air x (b) air Ny (C) ny
14. What is the speed of light in a medium of refractive index 6 if its
15. speed in air is 3,00,000 km/s ?
The refractive index of glass is 1.5. Calculate the speed of light in
ms. glass. The speed of light in air is 3.0 x 10
16. The speed of light in water is 2.25 x 10 m/s. If the speed of
refractive index of water. light in vacuum be 3x 108 m/s, calculate the
17. Light enters from air into diamond which has a
refractive index of 2.42. Calculate the speed of light in
díamond. The speed of light in air is 3.0 x 10 ms-1,
Long Answer Type Question
18. (a) State and explain the laws of refraction of light
with the
(b) What is meant by the refractive index of a substance ? help of a labelled diagram.
(c) Light travels through air at 300 million ms. On
Calculate the refractive index of water. entering water it slows down to 225 million ms.
Multiple Cholce Questions (Mcas)
19, The refractiye indíces of four substances P, Q. Rand S
light is the maximum in the substance are 1.50, 1.36, 1.77 and 1.31 respectively. The speed of
a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S
20. The refractive indices of four materials A, B, C and D are 1.33,
1.43, 1.71
light rays pass from air into these materials, they refract the maximum in :and 1.52 respectively. When the
(a) material A (b) material B (c) material C (d) material D
REFRACTION 229
21. The refractive index of glass for light going from ait to glass is .The refractive index for light going from
glass to air will be: 2

4
45
2
indices of four media A, B, Cand D are 1.44, 1.52, 1.65 and 1.36 respectively. When light
refractive
22. The
ravelling in air is incident in these media at equal angles, the angle of refraction will be the minimum:
(a) in medium A (6) in medium B (c) in medium C (d) in medium D t
23. The speed of in substance
light Xis 1.25 x10° m/s and that in air is 3x10° m/s. The refractive index of this
substance will be:
(a) 2.4 () 0.4 (c) 4.2 (d) 3.75
A The refractive indexes of four substances P, O, Rand S are 1.77, 1.50, 2.42 and 1.31 respectively. when Hg
travelling in air is incident on these substances at equal angles, the angle of refraction willbe the maximum
in:
(a) substance P (c) substance R (d) substance S
(b) substance
25. The refractive index of water is :
(a) 1.33 (b) 1.50 (c) 2.42 (d) 1.36
4 to water will
26. The refractive index of water with respect to air is 3
The refractive index of air with respect
be:
(a) 1.75 (b) 0.50 (c) 0.75 (a) 0.25
and carbon disulphide are 1.33, 1.43, 1.53 and 1.63
27. Refractive indices of water, sulphuric acid, glass
respectively. The light travels slowest in :
(a) sulphuric acid (b)glass o0(c) water b (a) carbon disulphide
3 with respect to air is
28. The refractive index of glass with respect to air is 2 and the refractive index of water
be:
-.The refractve index of glass with respect to water will
4
3
(c) 1.425 (d) 1.125
(a) 1.525 (b) 1.225
Skills (HOTS)
Questions Based on High Order Thinking chissEáco &(
media :
29. The following table gives the refractive indices of a few 3 4 5
1 2 rt eRock salt Ruby Diamond
Medium : Water Crown glass eff 54 1.71 2.42
Refractive index: 1.33 1.52

Use this table to give an example of: these medium to another.

pair so that light speeds up when it goes from one of
) a medium
slowsdown when it goes from one
of these medium to another.
(ii) a medium pair so that light
below:
Refractive indices of four media A, B, C andD are given
30. Mediumn Refractive index
1.33
B 144
1.52
D
1.65
speed of light (i) maximum, and (ii) minimum ?
In which of these four nedia is the
ANSWERS

Crown glass : 1.52 (b) 1.059 13. (a) 1.5

11, 1.60 12. (a) Flint glass : 1.61 ;
7. 0.41 9. refractive index 15. 2.0 x 108 ms-1 16. 1.33 17. 1.24 x 108 ms1 18. (c) 1.33
(6) 1.2 (c) 0.8 14. 2,50,000 km/s 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (d) 29. (i) Crown
19. (d) 20. (c) 21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (a)
30. () A (i) D
glass to Water (i) Water to Diamond
 OBJEGTIVE TYPEQuestions solveg
(a) cube
1. Multiple Choice Questions (6) rectangular parallelepiped
(c) barrel shape () spherical
Q.1. Multiple images are formed by athick plane mirror. 0.9. Two adjacent walls and the ceiling of arectangular
Which of the follpwing is the brightest of all the room are mirror surfaced. The number of images
images?
of himself that an observer sees is:
(a) first (b) second (a) 3 (b) 9 (c) 6 (a) 8
(c) third (d) fourth Q.10. Image formed by aconvex spherical mirror is :
due north.
Q.2. Aplane miror is placed vertically facingfront (a) virtual (b) real
of the
An arrow pointing north-east is kept in
(a) inverted
(c) enlarged
mirror. n which direction will the arrow point in
Q.11. Which of the following can make a parallel beam
this image? of light when light from a point source is incident
(a) north-east (b) south-east on it ? [NCERT Exemplar
lens
(c) south-west (d) north-west. (a) Concave mirror as well as convex
concave lens
Q.3. When a plane mirror is rotated through a certain (b) Convex mirror as wwell as
angle, the reflectedray turnsthrough twice as much other
(c) Two plane mirrors placed at 90° to each
lens
and the size of the image: (d) Concave mirror as well as cConcave
Q.12. A 10mm long awl pin is placed vertically in front
(a) is doubled (b) is halved
(c) becomes infinite (d) remains same of a concave mirror. A 5 mm long image of the awl
mirror. The
Q.4. The image formed bya convex mirror is only one pin is formed at 30 cm in front of the
third of the size of the object. If the focal length of focal length of this mirror is : NCERT Exemplar
the mirror is 12 cm, the image forned will be: (a) -30 cm (b) - 20 cm
(a) 8 cm behind the mirror (c) - 40 cm (d) -60 cm
(b) 10 cm behind the mirror Q.13. Which of the following statements is true ?
(c) 8 cm in front of the mirror [NCERT Exemplar]
(d) 10 cm in front of the mirror (a) A convex lens has 4 dioptre power having a
focal length 0.25 mn
Q.5. A beam of light incident on a plane mirror forms a
real image on reflection. The incident beam is: (6) A
convex lens has - 4 dioptre power having a
(a) parallel (6) convergent focal length 0.25 m
(c) divergent (d) not certain (c) Aconcave lens has 4 dioptre power having a
two focal length 0.25 m
Q.6. If an object is placed symmetrically between total (a) A concave lens has -4 dioptre power having à
plane mirrors,inclined at an angle of 72°,then
number ofimages formed is: focal length 0.25 m
(a) 5 (b) 4 [Link] produced bya rear view mirror fitted
in vehicles : NCERT Exemplar
() 2 (d) infinite
(a) is less than one
Q.7. Aplane mirror produces a magnification of : (b) is mnore than one
(a) -1 (b) +1
(a) between Oand infinity (c) is equal to one
(c) zero
(d) can be more than or less than one depending
Q.8. Adice is placed with one of its edges parallel tothe upon the position of the object in front of it
principal axis between the principal focus and the [Link] from Sun converge at a point 15 min front of
centre of [Link] a concave mirror. Then the
final image has the shape of : aconcave mirror. Where should an obiect be placed

250 EVERGREEN Self-Study in Science-10

 so that sizeof ts image is equal to thesize of the Aseortions and Reasoning yp
object ?
(a) 15 cm in front of the mirror INCERT Exemplar]
(b) 30 Cm in front of the mirror Questions
questions, a
iÀ between 15 m and 30 cm in front of Directions : In each of the following
the followed by a
in more than 30 cm in front of the mirror miror statement of Assertion is given
below it. Of
corresponding statement of Reason just
Q.16. AfulIlength image of a distant tall :
definitely be seen by using : (NCERTbuilding can the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a)
Exemplar]
a concave mirror (6) a convex mirror (A) If both assertion and reason
are true and reason

(c) a plane mirror is the correct explanation of assertion. reason

true but
(d both concave as well as plane mirror (B) If both assertion and reason are
017. You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and is not the correct explanation of assertion.
kerosene., In which of these media a ray of (C) If assertion is true but reason is false.
incident obliquely at same angle would bendlight
the (D) If assertion is false but reason is true. driver's
most ? ASsertion : A convex mirror is used as a
[NCERT Exemplar] Q.1.
(a) Kerosene (6) Water mirror.
mirror are
(c) Mustard ol (4) Glycerine Reason :Images formed in a convex
0.18. Achild is standing in front of a magic mirror. She diminished.
(a) D
finds the image of her head bigger, the middle (a) A (b) B (c) C
pordon of her body of thesame size and that of tho 0.2. Assertion: In going from a denser to a rarer
normal.
legs smaller. The following is the order of medium, a ray of light bends away from
combinations for the magic mirror from the top. Reason : This occurs because light travels faster
denser medium.
in ararer medium than in a
[NCERT Exemplar] (a) D
(a) Plarne, convex and concave (a) A (b) B (c) C
(b) Convex, concave and plane Q.3. Assertion : For total internal reflection, angle of
(c) Concave, plane and convex incidence in rarer medium must be greater than
(a) Convex, plane and concave critical angle for the pair of media in contact.
Q.19. An object is placed at a distance of 40 cm in front of 1
a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. The image Reason:n = sin C' where the symbols have
produced is :
(a) virtual and inverted their standard meaning.
(b) real and erect (a) A () B (c) C (a) D
(c) real, inverted and of the same size as that of the Q.4. Assertion : When a convex lens of power + 2 D
object is held in contact with a concave lens of power
(d) real, inverted and of the same size as that of the - 4 D, the combination has a focal length of
object - 0.5 m.
Q.20. Two plane mirrors are at right angles to each other. Reason:P=P, +P,
A man stands between them and combs his hair (a) A (6) B (c) C (a) D
with the right hand. In how many images will he Q.5. Assertion : Refractive index of a medium
be seen using his left hand? decreases with the rise in temperature of the
(a) none (b) 1 medium.
(c) 2 (d) 3 Reason : Refractive index of a medium varies
ANSWERS directly as the density of medium and density
decreases with the rise in temperature.
1, (6) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4 (a) 5. (6) (a) A (6) B (c) C (a) D
6. (b) 7. (6) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (a) 12. (6) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (b) ANSWERS
16. (6) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19, (d) 20. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (6)