PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS – CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
[Link] which does not belong to the same homologous series of carbon compounds
is: (1 Mark) (a) C₄H₁₀ (b) C₆H₁₄ (c) C₇H₁₄ (d) C₁₀H₂₂
Q2: Choose the incorrect statement about the common reaction used in hydrogenation of
vegetable oils: (1 Mark)
(a) It is an addition reaction.
(b) It takes place in the presence of nickel or palladium catalyst.
(c) The product contains only single bonds between carbon atoms.
(d) It is an addition reaction which occurs in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Q3: Select from the following a hydrocarbon having one C–C bond and one C ≡ C bond. (1
Mark) (a) Benzene (b) Cyclohexane (c) Butyne (d) Propyne
Q4: Two statements are given — one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D)
as given below. (1 Mark)
Assertion (A): Propanal and propanone are structural isomers.
Reason (R): Propanal and propanone both have the same molecular formula.
Assertion (A): Carbon and its compounds are our major sources of fuels.
Reason (R): Most of the carbon compounds on burning release a large amount of heat and
light.
Read more at: [Link]
Questions-Carbon-and-its-compounds#Previous_Year_Questions_2025
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q6: Select from the following the members of same homologous series: (2 Marks)
Q7: A saturated organic compound 'A' with two carbon atoms belongs to the homologous
series of alcohols. On oxidation, it forms an organic acid 'B' with molecular mass 60 u. On
heating 'A' with excess concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K, an unsaturated hydrocarbon 'C'
is formed.
(i) Name A, B, and C.
(ii) (ii) Calculate molecular mass of C.
(iii) (iii) What happens when a pinch of sodium carbonate is added to compound B?
Write chemical equation for the reaction.
(iv) (iv) Draw electron dot structure of compound B. (5 Marks)
Q8: (i) Draw electron dot structure of chlorine molecule. (Atomic Number of Chlorine = 17)
(ii) What happens when chlorine reacts with methane in the presence of sunlight? Write the
name of the reaction. (iii) Name the two oxidising agents used for the conversion of alcohols
to acids. (iv) List four differences in properties between covalent compounds and ionic
compounds. (5 Marks)
Q9: (i) A compound 'X' having two carbon atoms in its molecule turns blue litmus red, and a
5-8% solution of 'X' in water is widely used as a preservative.
Identify the compound 'X' and write its structure. (ii) Compare its pH nature with a mineral
acid. (iii) 'X' on reacting with alcohols produces sweet smelling compounds, used in making
perfumes. Name the reaction and write its chemical equation. (iv) When sodium carbonate
is added to 'X', a colourless gas is produced which turns lime water milky. Write the chemical
equation for the reaction giving the name of the salt produced. (5 marks)
Q10: (a) Define the term "homologous series of carbon compounds". Write a homologous
series of compounds having functional group -CHO. (b) Design an experiment to distinguish
between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. Also write chemical equation for that case in
which reaction occurs. (5 Marks)
Q11: (a) Name two cyclic hydrocarbons and draw the structure of any one. (b) Explain the
process of micelle formation on adding soap in water. (5 marks)
Q12: (A) Name an alcohol and a carboxylic acid having two carbon atoms in their structures.
Draw their structures and state how this alcohol can be converted into a carboxylic acid.
What happens when these two compounds react in the presence of an acid? Write chemical
equations for the reactions involved in the two cases mentioned above. (5 Marks)
Q1: Carbon compounds:
(i) are good conductors of electricity.
(ii) (ii) are bad conductors of electricity.
(iii) (iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules.
(iv) (iv) have weak forces of attraction between their molecules.
The correct statements are: (1 Mark) (2024)
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iii)
Q2: (A) (i) Define a homologous series of carbon compounds.
(ii) Why is the melting and boiling points of C4H8 higher than that of C3H6 or C2H4?
(iii) Why do we NOT see any gradation in the chemical properties of homologous
series compounds?
(v) Write the name and structures of (i) aldehyde and (ii) ketone with molecular form
C3H6O.
OR
(B) (i) Write the name and structure of an organic compound ‘X’ having two carbon
atoms in its molecule and its name is suffixed with ‘-ol’.
(ii) What happens when ‘X’ is heated with excess concentrated sulphuric acid at 443
K? Write the chemical equation for the reaction stating the conditions for the
reaction. Also, state the role played by concentrated sulphuric acid in the reaction.
(iii) Name and draw the electron dot structure of the hydrocarbon produced in the
above reaction.
Q3: Consider the following statements about homologous series of carbon
compounds : (A) All succeeding members differ by — CH2 unit.
(B) Melting point and boiling point increases with increasing molecular mass.
(C) The difference in molecular masses between two successive members is 16 u.
(D) C2H2 and C3H4 are NOT the successive members of alkyne series.
The correct statements are —
(a) (A) and (B) (b) (B) and (C) (c) (A) and (C) (d) (C) and (D)
Q4: (a) (i) Give reason why carbon can neither form C4+ cations nor C4- anions but
form covalent compounds.
(ii) What is homologous series of carbon compound? Write the molecular formula of
any two consecutive members of homologous series of aldehydes.
(iii) Draw the structure of the molecule of cyclohexane (C6H12).
OR
(b) (i) Name a commercially important carbon compound having functional group —
OH and write its molecular formula.
(ii) Write chemical equation to show its reaction with (1) Sodium metal (2) Excess
cone, sulphuric acid (3) Ethanoic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst (4) Acidified
potassium dichromate Also write the name of the product formed in each case.
Q5: The structural formula of Cyclohexane is -----
Q6: Which one of the following hydrocarbons is different from the others?
(a) C4H10 (b) C7H14 (c) C5H12 (d) C2H6
Q7: More than three million carbon compounds have been discovered in the
field of chemistry. The diversity of these compounds is due to the capacity of
carbon atoms for bonding with one another as well as with other atoms. Most of
the carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity and have low melting
and boiling points.
(a) Write the molecular formula of first two members of homologous series
having functional group —Br.
(b) Given below are the formulae of some functional groups : Write the name of
these functional groups.
(c) What would be observed on adding a 5% alkaline potassium permanganate
drop by drop to some warm ethanol taken in a test tube? State the role of
KMn04 in the reaction and write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
OR
(b) Write the name of the compound formed when ethanol is heated at 443 K
temperature with excess of cone. H2S04. What is the role of cone. H2S04 in the
reaction? Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
Q8: The number of single and double bonds present in a molecule of benzene
(C6H6) respectively, are:
(a) 6 and 6 (b) 9 and 3 (c) 3 and 9 (d) 3 and 3
Q9: The melting and boiling points of carbon compounds are generally low and
they are largely non-conductors of electricity. State two conclusions based on
these two properties.
Q10: Case-based/data-based questions with 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice
is provided in one of these sub-parts. Carbon is a versatile element that forms
the basis of all living organisms and many of the things we use. A large variety of
compounds is formed because of its tetravalency. Compounds of carbon are
formed with oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine and many other
elements. Answer the following questions:
(a) What are hydrocarbons?
(b) List two properties by virtue of which carbon can form a large number of
compounds.
(c) (i) Write the formula of the functional group present in (1) aldehydes, and (2)
ketones. Write chemical equation for the reaction that occurs between ethanoic
acid and ethanol in the presence of a catalyst.
OR
(c) (ii) What are structural isomers ? Write the structures of two isomers of butane
(C4H10).
Q11: Distinguish between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon by
flame test. List the products of combustion reaction of a saturated hydrocarbon.
Q12: Why is the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid an oxidation reaction?
Name the oxidising agent used in this conversion. Write chemical equation for
this oxidation reaction. How is this reaction different from the reaction in which
ethanol burns in the presence of oxygen?