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Part 1 – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Water boils at:
a) 0°C
b) 50°C
c) 100°C
d) 150°C
2. Which state of matter has a fixed shape and volume?
a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) Plasma
3. The process of changing water into water vapor is called:
a) Condensation
b) Freezing
c) Evaporation
d) Melting
4. Ice changes into water by the process of:
a) Freezing
b) Melting
c) Condensation
d) Sublimation
5. Water is important in living cells because it:
a) Is a good solvent
b) Helps in temperature regulation
c) Transports nutrients
d) All of these
6. The melting point of ice is:
a) 100°C
b) 0°C
c) 50°C
d) 120°C
7. Which process involves a gas turning into a liquid?
a) Evaporation
b) Condensation
c) Freezing
d) Melting
8. Matter is anything that:
a) Has mass and occupies space
b) Is only visible
c) Is only solid
d) Is found in nature
9. Sweating cools the body because of:
a) Condensation
b) Evaporation
c) Freezing
d) Melting
10. Plants lose water in the form of vapor by:
a) Respiration
b) Transpiration
c) Condensation
d) Photosynthesis
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Part 2 – Long Questions / Detailed Answers
Q1: Describe the three states of matter with examples.
Answer: Matter exists in three main states:
· Solid: Has fixed shape and fixed volume. Particles are tightly packed. Example: Ice, wood,
stone.
· Liquid: Has fixed volume but takes the shape of the container. Particles are less tightly packed
than solids. Example: Water, oil, milk.
· Gas: Has no fixed shape or volume. Particles are far apart and move freely. Example: Water
vapor, oxygen, air.
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Q2: Explain the importance of water in biological systems.
Answer: Water is vital for life because:
· It acts as a universal solvent, dissolving nutrients and minerals so they can be transported in
cells.
· It helps in temperature regulation — sweating in animals and transpiration in plants cool the
body.
· It is involved in chemical reactions like photosynthesis and digestion.
· It provides support and cushioning — in plants it keeps cells turgid, in animals it cushions
joints and organs.
· It makes up 70–90% of the mass of living cells.
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Q3: What is the water cycle? Explain briefly.
Answer: The water cycle is nature’s way of recycling water through evaporation, condensation,
and precipitation.
1. Evaporation: Sun heats water → turns into vapor.
2. Condensation: Vapor rises, cools, forms clouds.
3. Precipitation: Water falls as rain, snow, etc.
4. Collection: Water collects in rivers, lakes, oceans, and the cycle repeats.
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Q4: Define and give examples of: melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation.
Answer:
· Melting: Solid to liquid (adding heat). Example: Ice to water.
· Freezing: Liquid to solid (removing heat). Example: Water to ice.
· Evaporation: Liquid to gas (at any temperature, slower than boiling). Example: Wet clothes
drying.
· Condensation: Gas to liquid (cooling the gas). Example: Dew on grass, droplets on a cold
drink.
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Q5: Why is water called a unique substance?
Answer: Water is unique because:
· It is found naturally in all three states (solid, liquid, gas) on Earth.
· Its solid form (ice) is less dense than its liquid form, so ice floats on water — this protects
aquatic life in winter.
· It has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb a lot of heat without a large
temperature change, helping regulate climate and body temperature.
· It is an excellent solvent, making it essential for life processes.
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Answer Key (MCQs):
1. c
2. a
3. c
4. b
5. d
6. b
7. b
8. a
9. b
10. b
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