OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 1) 7/12 8.

Variance of a quantity is an indicator

of
1. Accuracy is a term which indicates (a) precision.
the degree of conformity of a (b) accuracy.
measurement to its (c) randomness.
(a) most probable value. (d) regular nature.
(b) mean value.
(c) true value. 9. In the case of a function y = f(x1,x2),
(d) standard error. the error in y is computed as

2. Precision is a term which indicates the

degree of conformity of
(a) measured value to its true value.
(b) measured value to its mean value.
(c) measured value to its weighted
mean value.
10. The adjusted value of an observed
(d) repeated measurements of the
quantity may contain
same quantity to each other.
(a) small gross errors.
(b) small systematic errors.
3. Theory of probability is applied to
(c) small random errors.
(a) gross errors.
(d) all the above.
(b) systematic errors.
(c) random errors.
11. One of the characteristics of random
(d) all the above.
errors is that
(a) small errors occur as frequently as
4. Residual of a measured quantity is the
the large errors.
(a) difference of the observed value
(b) plus errors occur more frequently
from its most probable value.
than the negative errors.
(b) value obtained by adding the most
(c) small errors occur more frequently
probable value to its true value.
than the large errors.
(c) remainder of the division of the true
(d) large errors may occur more
value by its most probable value.
frequently.
(d) product of the most probable value
and the observed value.
12. If the standard error of each tape
length used to measure a length is ±
5. If the standard deviation of a quantity
0.01 m. the standard error in 4 tape
is ± 1″, the maximum error would be
lengths will be
(a) 2.39″
(a) 0.01 m.
(b) 3.29″.
(b) 0.02 m.
(c) 2.93″.
(c) 0.04 m.
(d) 9.23″.
(d) 0.16 m.

6. If the standard deviation of an

ANSWERS
observation is ± 10 m, the most probable
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a)
error would be
7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (b)
(a) 6.745 m.
(b) 20 m.
(c) 10 m.
(d) 0.6745 m.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 2) 7/19
7. The systematic errors
(a) are always positive.
1. A metallic tape is
(b) are always negative.
(a) a tape made of any metal.
(c) may be positive or negative.
(b) another name of a steel tape.
(d) have same sign as the gross errors.
(c) another name of an invar tape.
(d) is a tape of water proof fabric into
which metal wires are woven.
2. Spring balance in linear 9. The correction for reduced length on
measurements is used the mean sea level is proportional to
(a) to know the weight of the tape where H is the mean elevation of line.
(b) to apply the desired pull. (a) H.
(c) to know the standard pull at the time (b) H^2
of measurement. (c) 1/H.
(d) none of the above. (d) 1/2H.

3. Ranging in distance measurements is 10. If the difference in the levels of the

(a) another name of taping. two ends of a 50 m long line is 1 m and
(b) a process of establishing its ends are out of alignment by 5 m
intermediate points on a line. then the corrections for slope (cs) and
(c) putting the ranging rod on the hilltop alignment (cm) are related to each
for reciprocal ranging. other as
(d) a process of determining the (a) cs = 4cm.
intersection of two straight lines. (b) cs = 0.4cm.
(c) cs = 0.04cm.
4. Reciprocal ranging is employed when (d) cs = 0.004cm.
(a) the two ends of a line are not
intervisible. 11. Stadia is a form of tacheometric
(b) one end of a line is inaccessible. measurements that relies on
(c) both the ends are inaccessible. (a) fixed intercept.
(d) the ends of the line are not visible (b) fixed angle intercept
even from intermediate points. (c) varying angle intercept
(d) none of the above.
5. The following expression gives the
relative accuracy in linear 12. The tacheometric method of
measurements when slope angle is a surveying is generally preferred for
(a) providing primary control.
(b) large scale survey.
(c) fixing points with highest precision.
(d) difficult terrain.
6. If the slope angle 64°08′07″ is
measured to an accuracy of 10″ the 13. If two points A and B 125 m apart,
expected relative accuracy in have difference in elevation of 0.5 m,
the linear measurements is the slope correction to
(a) 1/10. the measured length is
(b) 1/100. (a) + 0.001 m.
(c) 1/1000. (b) 0.001 m.
(d) 1/10000. (c) + 0.0125 m.
(d) 0.001 m.
7. The temperature correction and pull
correction 14. The branch of surveying in which an
(a) may have same sign. optical instrument is used too determine
(b) always have same sign. both horizontal and vertical positions, is
(c) always have opposite signs. known as
(d) always have positive sign. (a) Tachemetry.
(b) Tachometry.
8. The sag corrections on hills (c) Tacheometry.
(a) is positive. (d) Telemetry.
(b) is negative.
(c) may be either positive or negative. 15. If the vertical angle from one station
(d) is zero to another 100 m apart, is 60°, the staff
intercept for a tacheometer with k = 100
and c = 0, would be
(a) 1.
(b) 4.
(c) 5.
(d) 0.1.
16. Electronic distance measurement 3. The correction for the atmospheric
instruments use refraction is equal to
(a) X-rays. (a) + 1/7 of the correction for curvature
(b) Sound waves. of the earth.
(c) Light waves. (b) 1/7 of the correction for curvature of
(d) Magnetic flux. the earth.
(c) + 6/7 of the correction for curvature
17. Modern EDM instruments work on the of the earth.
principle of measuring (d) 6/7 of the correction for curvature of
(a) the reflected energy generated by the earth.
electromagnetic waves. 4. If the back sight reading at point A is
(b) total time taken by electromagnetic greater than the fore sight reading at
wave in travelling the distance. point B then
(c) the change in frequency of the (a) A is higher than B.
electromagnetic waves. (b) B is higher than A.
(d) the phase difference between the (c) height of the instrument is required to
transmitted and the reflected know which point is higher.
electromagnetic waves. (d) instrument position is required to
know which point is higher.
18. The range of infrared EDM instrument
is generally limited to measuring the 5. Change points in levelling are
distances (a) the instrument stations that are
(a) 2 to 3 km. changed from one position to another.
(b) 20 to 30 km. (b) the staff stations that are changed
(c) 200 to 300 km. from point to point to obtain the
(d) more than 300 km. reduced levels of the
points.
19. Electromagnetic waves are (c) the staff stations of known
unaffected by elevations.
(a) air temperature. (d) the staff stations where back sight
(b) atmospheric pressure. and fore sight readings are taken.
(c) vapour pressure.
(d) wind speed. 6. Balancing of sights mean
(a) making fore sight reading equal to
back sight reading.
ANSWERS (b) making the line of collimation
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (d) horizontal.
7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (d) (c) making the distance of fore sight
13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. station equal to that of the back sight
(a) 19. (d) station from the
instrument station.
(d) taking fore sight and back sight
readings at the same station.

7. The height of instrument method of

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 3) reducing levels is preferred when
(a) there are large numbers of
1. A datum surface in levelling is a intermediate sights.
(a) horizontal surface. (b) there are no intermediate sights.
(b) vertical surface. (c) there are large numbers of fore
(c) level surface. sights.
(d) none of the above. (d) there are no fore sights.

2. Reduced level of a point is its height 8. Sensitivity of bubble tube depends on

or depth above or below (a) the radius of curvature.
(a) the ground surface. (b) the length of the vapour bubble.
(b) the assumed datum. (c) the smoothness of the inner surface
(c) assumed horizontal surface. of the bubble tube.
(d) the line of collimation. (d) all the above.
9. Reciprocal levelling is employed to 3. The error in the horizontal circle
determine the accurate difference in readings due the line of collimation not
level of two points which being perpendicular to the trunion axis
(a) are quite apart and where it is not is eliminated by
possible to set up the instrument midway (a) taking readings on the different parts
between the of the horizontal circle.
points. (b) taking readings on both the faces.
(b) are quite close and where it is not (c) removing the parallax.
possible to set up the instrument midway (d) transiting the telescope.
between
the points.
(c) have very large difference in level 4. Quadrantal bearing is always
and two instrument settings are required measured from
to determine the (a) the north end of the magnetic
difference in level. meridian only.
(d) are at almost same elevation. (b) the south end of the magnetic
meridian only.
10. When a level is in adjustment, the (c) the north end or the south end of the
line of sight of the instrument is magnetic meridian.
(a) perpendicular to the vertical axis of (d) either the north end or the south end
the instrument and parallel to the of the magnetic meridian as the case
bubble tube axis. may be.
(b) perpendicular to the vertical axis of
the instrument and bubble level axis. 5. If the departure and latitude of a line
(c) perpendicular to the bubble tube are + 78.0 m and – 135.1 m,
axis and parallel to the vertical axis. respectively, the whole circle bearing of
(d) none of the above. the line is
11. A Dumpy level is preferred to (a) 150°.
determine the elevations of points (b) 30°.
(a) lying on hills. (c) 60°.
(b) lying on a line. (d) 120°.
(c) lying in moderately flat terrain.
(d) on a contour gradient. 6. If the departure and latitude of a line
are + 78.0 m and – 135.1 m,
respectively, the length of the line is
ANSWERS (a) 213.1 m.
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (c) (b) 57.1 m.
7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a) 11. (c (c) 156.0 m.
(d) non of the above.

7. Transit rule of balancing a traverse is

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 4) applied when
(a) the linear and angular
1. A theodolite can measure measurements are of same precision.
(a) difference in level. (b) the linear measurements are more
(b) bearing of a line. precise than the angular measurements.
(c) zenith angle. (c) the angular measurements are more
(d) all the above. precise than the linear measurements.
2. The error in the horizontal circle (d) the linear measurements are
readings, is due to proportional to l and the angular
(a) the late axis bubble not being measurements are proportional
parallel to the line of collimation. to (1/l) where l is the length of the line.
(b) the line of sight not being parallel to
the telescope axis.
(c) the line of collimation not being
perpendicular to the trunion axis.
(d) none of the above.
8. The error due to the non-verticality of 3. The method of least squares of
the vertical axis of a theodolite determining the most probable value of
(a) is eliminated in the method of a quantity is based upon the criterion
repetition only. that
(b) is eliminated in the method of (a) Σ Correction2 = a minimum.
reiteration only. (b) Σ Error2 = a minimum.
(c) is eliminated in the method of (c) Σ (Weight × correction)2 = a
repetition as well as in reiteration. minimum.
(d) cannot be eliminated by any (d) Σ Residual2 = a minimum.
method.
4. If the observations of a quantity
9. Random method of running a line contains systematic and random errors,
between two points A and B is the most probable value
employed when of the quantity is obtained by
(a) A and B are not intervisible even (a) removing the systematic and
from an intermediate point. random errors from the observations.
(b) A and B are only intervisible from an (b) removing the systematic errors and
intermediate point. minimizing the residuals from the
(c) the difference of level between the observations.
points is large. (c) removing the random errors and
(d) it is not a method at all for running a minimizing the systematic errors from the
line. observations.
10. The error in the horizontal circle (d) minimizing the systematic and
reading of 41°59′13.96″ and vertical random errors from the observations.
circle reading of + 36°52′11.63″
for any pointing due to the trunion axis 5. The most probable value of a quantity
not being perpendicular to the vertical is the quantity which is nearest to
axis by (90° – i) where i is 20″, is (a) the true value of the quantity.
(a) + 15″. (b) the true value of the quantity ±
(b) + 18″. standard deviation.
(c) – 15″. (c) the true value of the quantity ±
(d) – 18″. probable error.
(d) the observed value of the quantity ±
ANSWERS weight of the observation.
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (c)
7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a 6. The theory of least squares is used in
(a) the method of differences.
(b) in the normal equation method.
(c) the method of correlates.
(d) all the above.

7. In a braced quadrilateral the number

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 5) of conditions required to be satisfied for
adjustmentexcluding the condition
1. Theory of errors is applied to minimize imposed by least squares theory, is
(a) the gross errors. (a) 2.
(b) the systematic errors. (b) 3.
(c) the random errors. (c) 4.
(d) all the above. (d) 5.

8. The spherical excess for a triangle of

2. Most probable value of a quantity is area 200 sq km is approximately
equal to (a) 0.5″.
(a) observed value + correction. (b) 1.0″.
(b) the observed value – correction. (c) 1.5″.
(c) the true value + correction. (d) 2.0″.
(d) the true value – correction.
9. Correlate is the unknown multiplier 5. Phase correction is required when the
used to determine the most probable observations are made on
values by multiplying it with (a) Pole signals.
(a) normal equation. (b) Cylindrical signals.
(b) observation equation. (c) Pole and brush signals.
(c) condition equation. (d) Beacons.
(d) condition imposed by the least
squares theory . 6. The errors in horizontal angle
measurements due to eccentricity of
10. Station adjustment of observation signal, is eliminated completely by
means (a) the method of repetition.
(a) making sum of the angles observed (b) the method of reiteration.
around a station equal to 360°. (c) both the above method.
(b) checking the permanent adjustment (d) none of the above.
of the instrument at every station.
(c) adjusting the instrument so that it is 7. The problem of reduction to center is
exactly over the station. solved by
(d) shifting the station location to make (a) taking a long base line.
it intervisible from other stations. (b) removing the error due to phase.
(c) taking a satellite station.
(d) taking well-conditioned triangles.
ANSWERS
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (d) 8. A satellite station is a station
7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a) (a) close to the main triangulation
station that cannot be occupied for
making observations.
(b) also known as an intersected point.
(c) also known as a resected point.
(d) which falls on the circumference of
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 6) the circle passing through three main
triangulation stations.
1. Control for survey can be provided by
(a) Triangulation. 9. The horizontal refraction is minimum
(b) Trilateration. between
(c) Traversing. (a) 6 AM to 9 AM.
(d) All of the above. (b) 10 AM to 2 PM.
(c) 8 AM to 12 Noon.
2. The distance of visible horizon for a (d) 2 PM to 4 PM.
point having an elevation of 637.5 m is
(a) 6.735 km. 10. The vertical refraction is minimum
(b) 67.35 km. between
(c) 10 km. (a) 6 AM to 9 AM.
(d) 100 km. (b) 10 AM to 2 PM.
(c) 8 AM to 12 Noon.
3. The strongest route in a triangulation (d) 2 PM to 4 PM.
net has
(a) minimum value of R. 11. A grazing line of sight is that line
(b) maximum value of R. which
(c) minimum value of R. (a) joins two stations which are not
(d) maximum value of R. intervisible.
(b) is at least 3 m above the intervening
4. In a braced quadrilateral, the position ground between two stations.
of unknown corner points can be (c) touches the intervening ground
determined by between two stations.
(a) a single route only. (d) joins the signals at two stations kept
(b) two alternative routes only. on towers.
(c) three alternative routes only.
(d) four alternative routes only.
12. Sum of the three angles of spherical 4. A transition curve is a special type of
triangle curve which satisfies the condition that
(a) is always less than 180°. (a) at the junction with the circular
(b) is always more than 180°. curve, the angle between the tangents
(c) is less or more than 180° depending to the transition curve
the location of the triangle on spheroid. and circular curve should be 90°.
(d) is equal to 180°. (b) at the junction with the circular
curve, the angle between the tangents
to the transition curve
and circular curve should be zero.
ANSWERS (c) its curvature at its end should be
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (d) infinity .
7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (c) 12. (b (d) its curvature at its end should be
infinity.

5. The most widely used transition curve

for small deviation angles for simplicity
in setting out is
(a) cubic parabola.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 7) (b) cubic spiral.
(c) lemniscate curve.
1. A circular curve is most suited for (d) hyperbola.
connecting
(a) two straights in horizontal plane only. 6. The following curve has the property
(b) two straights in vertical plane only. that the rate of change of curvature is
(c) two straights, one in horizontal plane same as the rate of change of increase
and the second in vertical plane. of superelevation:
(d) two straights in horizontal plane or (a) Reverse curve.
vertical plane. (b) Compound curve.
(c) Transition curve.
2. A compound curve consists of (d) Vertical curve.
(a) two circular arcs of same radius only.
(b) two circular arcs of different radii 7. A parabola is used for
only. (a) summit curves alone.
(c) two circular arcs of different radii (b) sag curves alone.
with their centers of curvature on the (c) both summit and sag curves.
same side of the common tangent only. (d) none of the above.
(d) two or more circular arcs of different
radii with their centers of curvature on 8. A parabola is preferred for vertical
the same side of the common tangent. curves because it has the following
property:
3. A reverse curve consists of (a) The slope is constant throughout.
(a) two circular arcs of different radii (b) The rate of change of slope is
with their centers of curvature on the constant throughout.
same side of the (c) The rate of change of radial
common tangent only. acceleration is constant throughout.
(b) two circular arcs of same radius with (d) None of the above.
their centers of curvature on the same 9. The shortest distance between the
side of the common tangent only. point of commencement and the
(c) two circular arcs of different radii o\point of tangency of a
with their centers of curvature on the circular curve is known as
opposite side of the common tangent (a) Long chord.
only. (b) Normal chord.
(d) two circular arcs of same or different (c) Sub-chord.
radii with their centers of curvature on (d) Half-chord.
the opposite side of the common
tangent.
10. The long chord of a circular curve of 17. For a transition curve, the polar
radius R with deflection angle ∆ is given deflection angle αs and the spiral angle
by ∆s are related to each other by the
(a) 2R cos(∆/2). expression
(b) 2R sin(∆/2).
(c) 2R tan(∆/2).
(d) 2R sec(∆/2). 18. To avoid inconvenience to
passengers on highways, the
11. The lengths of long chord and recommended value of the centrifugal
tangent of a circular curve are equal for ratio is
the deflection angle of (a) 1.
(a) 30°. (b) 1/2.
(b) 60°. (c) 1/4.
(c) 90°. (d) 1/8.
(d) 120°.
19. The following value of the change in
12. The degree of a circular curve of radial acceleration passes unnoticed by
radius 1719 m is approximately equal to the passengers:
(a) 1°.
(b) 10°.
(c) 100°.
(d) None of the above.
20. The curve preferred for vertical
curves is a
13. If the chainage of point of
(a) circular arc.
commencement of a circular curve for
(b) spiral.
a normal chord of 20 m is 2002.48 m, the
(c) parabola.
length of the first sub-chord will be
(d) hyperbola.
(a) 2.48 m.
(b) 17.52 m.
21. If an upgrade of 2% is followed by a
(c) 20 m.
downgrade of 2%, and the rate of
(d) 22.48 m.
change of grade is 0.4% per 100 m, the
length of the vertical curve will be
14. If the chainage of point of tangency
(a) 200 m.
of a circular curve for a normal chord of
(b) 400 m.
20 m is 2303.39 m, the length of the last
(c) 600 m.
sub-chord will be
(d) 1000 m.
(a) 3.39 m.
(b) 16.61 m.
22. For a vertical curve if x is the
(c) 23.39 m.
distance from the point of tangency, the
(d) none of the above.
tangent correction is given
by
15. For an ideal transition curve, the
(a) Cx.
relation between the radius r and the
(b) Cx2
distance l measured from the beginning
(c) Cx3
of the transition curve, is expressed as
(d) Cx4

ANSWERS
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c)
16. For a transition curve, the shift S of a
7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (a)
circular curve is given by
13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18.
(c) 19. (c) 20. (c) 21. (d) 22. (b
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 8) 8. A minimum ordinate on a mass-haul
diagram occurs
1. If area calculated by end - areas rule (a) at the end of a cut.
and prismoidal rule are A e and Ap. (b) at the end of an embankment.
respectively, then (Ae - Ap) (c) where cut and fill are balanced.
(a) is always positive. (d) none of the above.
(b) is always negative.
(c) may be positive or negative. ANSWERS
(d) is equal to zero. 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (d) S. 5. (b) (a) 6. (b)
7. (a) 8. (b)
2. Prismoidal correction is required to
correct the volume calculated OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (Set 9)
(a) using contours.
(b) using spot heights. 1. A third point C cannot be located using
two points A and B of known locations by
(c) for a curved section.
measuring
(d) by end-areas rule.
(a) all the sides of the triangle ABC.
(b) two angles A and B and the length AB.
3. Curvature correction to the computed (c) all the angles of the triangle ABC.
volume is applied when (d) the angle A, and the lengths AB and Be.
(a) the formation levels at the cross-
sections are at different levels. 2. Location of a point P by resection is done
(b) the successive cross-sections are not by observing
parallel to each other. (a) one control point from P.
(c) the distance between the (b) two control points from P.
(c) three control points from P.
successive cross-sections is quite large.
(d) P from three control points.
(d) none of the above.
3. Co-planing is a process of
4. Free-haul distance is (a) bringing points in same horizontal plane.
(a) the length of a balancing line. (b) establishing points in a vertical plane at
(b) the distance between two different levels.
balancing lines. (c) centering the instrument over the ground
(c) the distance between two station mark.
successive points where the mass-haul (d) transferring the surface alignment
diagram intersects the line underground through a narrow shaft.
of zero ordinate.
4. Accurate surface alignment down a
(d) the distance up to which carting of
vertical shaft using two plumb wires is
excavated material is done without achieved by
extra payment. (a) Weisbach triangle method:
(b) reducing the size of triangle of error to
5. A mass-haul diagram indicates zero.
cutting if the curve (c) by adjusting the closing error.
(a) rises. (d) none of the above.
(b) falls.
(c) becomes horizontal. 5. Sight rails are used for setting out
(a) large buildings.
(d) none of the above.
(b) bridges.
(c) the gradient of canal bed.
6. A mass-haul diagram indicates fill if (d) the gradient of trench of bottom or pipe
the curve invert.
(a) rises.
(b) falls. 6. Weisbach triangle method is a method
(c) becomes horizontal. (a) of locating the plane table position on
(d) none of the above. paper by minimizing the size of triangle error.
7. Maximum ordinate on a mass-haul (b) used in transferring the ground surface
diagram occurs alignment down the shaft using plumb wires.
(c) of determining spherical excess in
(a) at the end of a cut.
spherical triangles.
(b) at the end of an embankment.
(d) none of the above.
(c) where cut and fill are balanced.
(d) none of the above. ANSWERS
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (b)