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Mopuce - 2
a
3) Predtem Solving :
0. Problem Solving Agents +
Wat: are Problem - Sototng ayenes
ot cal— bard 4g wn AT
rot Soren problems by 6 cos are
Powible action g Stati, fo veath o Aad
ere y Sey ¢au cltons
Plons Qckicon to Achuire Spee
oe.
7 Ie opentin th Umple envinnmet £
with “Csor goal 4 fired Bequenses
acon: .
npak 9 wr
oe - : a pce:
| Goo Formubalian | ict |
| Problem Formulation
(san a
| [enti —)
Bloae ducgrom 4 Problen &
agenk,
Oeoak Aosmusanon 8 2m : ‘ i}
@ Soe eons Nekti ote ae
certian actions to be Comp a
och rt.
@ fo dosmutalton g tn ustith we len aupivel
ee nitak Stoke , goat Stoke & pomible
ackions +
oo. Soe G prow of, tooltg &” a
@ ses ——
teak reads the af
A Seosch alarm problenn
a sot” fate ton
C Action 507)
: nod und , he
@. Esuiien * ae salt on
: be Cassud ouk
achowm
8 he e = Problem
pores oe solving Agen
aesgr Bar for usmana > yo sole. problows —> tan cheps
OF ye 47 ar > FN no y steps Sees aa Qua i :
robe,
o. Goat _emusebten 7
ye Ise *¥ Simple step un prociem- soluing
nw dhe tosget [outcome
ed :
oa Jeroutd Arbus
SB lL perceive te Snvxonment — rote Ingorenankion
. Draper percep —7 ynrder stand Hee Curses
&Phuiakion.
* ee
a Sdent
FaentGy £ selec te YOO:62+ Prubomodad \ Xobot. »
Percape 7A package Nay asmtfred.
Coad formiulotion: Delfros Hoe package fe Jocos,,
Now, Aue Yobok voit plan € Ack -to
active Hus grat:
9
Problems form ulation ¢
Componsnla oe Problem Formulosiion 3
Eatiol Gis - Stoke the Ogent Stosie
fem:
a. Achongs _ Seb GH WE pow ble alton,
3, Cealsetsite 5
Troamition model - desuther the roult
each action.
A> Gook Tes’ - to Check Ushetter te
Coassnt Stole o
geal Stet.
SS. Pod) Cost - A nasmeste Co&t aasocial
Lotth each path.
& ° Detirey obot
\ Robot fn RoomA
= more Lape, ight,
Piucp JDrep
3. Sy weok Mores Tg
Asm Room a —> fe
a Arachey Room b. |Dg sobot fn 2wom B
: .
OOH the package cropped ?
« fac, mores (ult
ene +
coh . at Coty Suchare,
os! ‘ woop _ qvod map of, post Romania,
: 7 he Atos po bt a Ha
vtrg gripe BO agent. “d
ie Sy: tn (Pras)
pro grok pert rou from stouk city (fad)
donk +o 9°
quiions tee agente COM
5 S&F
SY Pros >
a Strose ;
stoke tem coe grote, paces)» applicable action
tow ( Temisonr) Go exrindd§
© aes t Gol stot), He
whak each
7 » oy daneatprion i
v Tronaition model # sperigind a a pee
aiiign dow, 7 stake toot
R (5,0) 7 tor ae Oe tote 8
esute CS doing action & ee :
ren dS
Dn (zerind)
proc’), coczevind))=
Sa eee
Goo drat # whieh Oe
a gen Atuc a FF en
gas te open wn in Gudea
he yan conouery. BO"
Te ye geet acwiarnal
a. numeri Cot
vy Paxh cours TE OT an olironee bovtte.
to eon path va ern)
. 2 ee
7 Be cagame CE
poe Cel om)
ge: Resolt Can Cadh Cot =
“Tote i Cho Lan poth-
The beot pod : Prod — Sibiu — Ripnicu vilag,
prtestt > Suchosmt. - 4ig 7
a Questor @ ow Te enk usity
uxtrich pooh ip Pee eet folie
For that jit hay Fo Ure & oy
ae eae usta oUt Fell Uluel, pas
+S beke, & wu Cony OWE tha
Suton .
=) Exomple poems 5
are Problem, Reod-uroyid Lien
LS 5
Serpe, & fut Contretlee} Complex, Practical probs
Seivarto ; cto puna A road envionme
y undersiond Ov teat d
Or fonaph & alain! teninn Lonny ds
. al Te reed orld © Rinty
‘Durelep L debug . ‘
Peppre Apply Ham co Co un for
PON Wer la prvolems Gs oe
y
Lome torrons cldrions
mor howe fudue
Be Dang com.ee
Tog problems :
?D. yaccown world problem -
2, Pugste problem
Chers
yoolem
D>.
D vaccum a problem
dhis (or crasot an a problem an follous :
oe ae my mE Con be teen
Ines lets th
g dots F ie ties oa
a. Frama gan qmodel 2
Cie ae dugur AG
Hee a cave lovin & wy pe'y
Sage avien +7 epee on ft Cloops)
pwn de Vacuur Chann Wn
he rignemore pe (to® 6) Zo. opp'4y
Lepore, a bane
toa 1 & Sta & 5 Qoat statisos
S. Path cost? Enh step Cores 4. So Path Cub
fo Awe Mumber 4; aeps un he path.
9). g- Purgle _Provlem :
3x3 boasy
x Fn S—puagle Comins
with & wmbed Sides é a blak Apr,
x A le fae qo the Plane cpee
Com lice vinto te space -
& De objective J 40 peach the Specigic
apa slake.
Our Senk 4% Conve He tnitto$ Shak
USS goo ats by didi “fin into
the ow Spoce- 2 a
&
fu ta, UNOS Stoll fe guien
Sve C-.4, ©) C1,5)2)4- pee
» ons! Movements
\ Sh the blank
dap, Right, Up or Down. oi
3. Tromition Modal s
gu uy ie apply ght do blanic Ppace
he ai ce donk
Stu 4+ & blank
dan end i
ee ee
he Covreck oot Ato.
fp dhe Tmboer Sf ee ie
Ss, Voth Cert 3
waka, Hen Co HE 00m SP
ee ee More 4 SE 7 Hore § of
\ os 12 > ! a
a
4 6 “i ;
a : :
3 8
_5 ove 8 Saye (Moat sm)
(on 2
ol.
a
e dhe 5 —Puaple ote Se he oe of
Stctng - Lok Puggle.7)
3, Bz queens problem +
w The ‘iim of R- Gusens problern is So plo
B qutans on the aduxboard uch Hot
MO Jorn alTacks Ay4 oie (A ren
attacks Ones otc thet »Y WW bome ru,
Colutan ar ding monol),
v
Ro hoo quatns Re be to
TOU, Column OF dbgonod .
—> Fnasmentol Formulation ;
* You bik the Sot? SEP - by - skp odin
One een ak atime & aro by Checking
Cakatains OF eook Step. q
e Inttel tote: No quer 1 The boa.d
« Actions $$ Adta
oot Test 3: B Guns Ose on te
booud Mone attnutesl.
Fort, tt
. Cort = no Path Cost Rae, ony Lo
Staak fret stat “cou, the Foal.
e Ist Gran in
- plate Bud Yun M uD. Oretdha Ole
nll & ques Oe placa.Compa
gt Stoo wth Wh & eon ean
2 mores han quound, tO Teach the good
stole tuo Sabir fo alt Combomis
» Grito aoe « ate the. boord
Action $ Ada a Gun to any Squess in ;
te ae Colurnn Puce
. fl aoe: aitatkad by @ |
» Goar Tet Ne 2 Ye atrack each othe
Our final toy probe wow denwsad by
Donato Knuth. 7 4
yaone” oe
Gporking with oe ae
factorial , Square Tt, and floor Operabons
pote geawth any desred porttire Prteges
Ber we con yeath S frm +8
LG & i 4
| ( 4!! 4
2 Stoln Positive ume v5
+ Dario! Sole - 4
« Action ¢ Appy factnal , dquo
floor eperotion .
Tromt tien model § e given
dafiniion of HeOe __xX =r PT
Coo Tet 2 Gla & the dusted portitre
In loner «
eri)
Reat - wor boorld__ Pr robles
at Gu ee cape +o Sele,
« FF qeat codrid Problem & One Usher
Arlutions people ackioly Cost Alou ,
De fotl as Aome veol World problen,
Rowe “pnding problem
\
2. Toust Problem
3 ‘Ten Y g an. r
d lem
4 Viar Problem fe
: Rebot nyo
¢
Mamas Otambly Sepia cag
Ret ping Bren 5
Adeline trae! -
Problems tak must wel Spat
Tore) - plonns Lsebactes | clued by
u OFM UWant to J
som Br to eenpoen, aes
~ TM olomy Le
Geibibe ma ie
Anis pollen © about
an cto fly i sn a eet beat
a Cork, 4
om may Re op Stops tee afach stoic meude a to a
on Cog.
, grolas é
& Cust time <
“pod
qrivet stot dhe | Sa
~ Users ee Pe od Og te
peep. [estou
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Tolte OQuwatle Ligtits ,
+o Quott.
° Ackors =
Che
| Pon Coe
cat, aor Time eke.
2), Te 5 Pooblem 2 wD Obouk virining cnelias
Cee akbot once lau, i 4 Hh
bek \corel
Crt Debs ba uk rit6 i
os | Serius Cle fmaayon) > Deliey
= ‘
oO |
Ate
Addurmer
visit us Customers
back tt depot:
R ae ny
yuna
Tour plowing Apps etc.3). Traveling Solanpenon problun (Ts P):
D robin ee problem.
Oe each 1p bo Ft be visitey
Once:
. 4 awm 46 fn ti. Shortest ty
x Jha pau
x dub potn Bo We- noad
NP > NOM delumiotic Pot nom P
ctmomic! Ame ;
J Complexity Chane,
tte problem bets,
ime ib tobes to Check] % Pe gst
iz Problema teat
Con be Acln:
qrtucky (tn
ne
by “a Compal
NP Chrecloing Huet
pr ha problun:
Cony buk fait
Hote Sel" atte»
ys & Dosd.
sy yee WP Compute rouse pol
Can “an we
fo oe heed as shoudl on
vey not the host
aie pare Ol"? Problems iin vt
yk
oo
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visi Layouk problem ?
—— Cole
3 ab POSTON) »
yist | vey ae fe ad om
atening the spe
pp the prour of detaning
mputlions (ov billion) G Sanrtistors |
uctring them nO Single AP:
eee dacicing ost
Sec
ery)
i l
a Loyour pre each Component Shouta be
; /, Plaad on the Silicon Dip.
eZ Ns
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y once te Olle _ Pe ust be
ising Te Hae Uoiring blew eis
planet 4 Ousanged :
Cully on the
Chip x: Clip dog ae Soe
(smatt functionel cea
Unity Ler pip peeps
Lrsfrere , oo Hee
duo) cussenk JOH adap sca al =
Sapaty Z epi aselty °
env yonmont : & vehides
ynaniic ee ed
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obs ch. gm week
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Ame:
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w Pras q dubsmaticatty te
pone” +o bud af Via
b
Geen Component, H Correct
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Ordey % Segura , 20 Accord by
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Wyo order of Ming On Lomponut,
He da We wey TB add Tt atthe
end,
a... int
0 Sie ae On eMere or Minin
Port.
& Cox wey\
33 Geouching $x Solutions:
ae Camron $F Ayuulions aruan fe
oe oe ee
4oy prblow L yeod world problema Urtuih
Hse bles
pod feading alte US Tic
fr Uf lem formubation,
se
ete ot Ee em Pre com 7
aps 4 ae Lol”
a
alk
Chrad? are actions & Ath
oder Que renubting
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Ae De
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Ae node thok hom'b bux Diecast
Fronkter —> The Serf OU dno nodes
Ovewabl {or expancion .
i way we Chewe Ustuth rode
exp Dappirars the Aor, Strodegy
Tree Sear § Gros Sead, —> Tkt book,— Sean - ° . F
? 7. _ Search Atgovithm ¢ exponde nodey fe a
gout ty found.
Le porte eps He §
ae ae ee
Expand prod. from the fonher
feo qencbert goo Stole
os child nodey to He
p Bole Te opp do the
eae goune path “pects
i Beoseh . bx Pract ST biKs fies
Cosatin A Loop
1 Redundant paths i» Search: a
see fi eT
tater Hee yudtiple Clpgeent Pits
ee ie, Some Stee, MOT
(nods)
Hen ONCE”
prot ——? (thie C 40m Long’) é
fo gaind — oOradsa—> (Gfotu) C297 Embony
aod -
Dae Senath tae aes = Siiof tote Here, obvourty,
gi aber posh i) yedundeank — i oe
is yoost vary to aT to Hee posEE
Beblems Caursd by Wdundant pats:
Tr ared Computaken time
> Ince Ls eal, Ame Wortay fos
a aie tees a muneiple Copies + Peaks,
'dentica} stotiy H ot
frontier
> Rhw % igen. Loops
Thin Jappes becouse tHe Secu la. Goes Ne:
Ferumber the Sfafss Fr hes Aheady visitey,
AO the Nome State may be expanded
repeatedly «
Kew to awed redundant paths ?
wk ap fer Paph Seouh Matzad q Reo
Soorch,
Tree Arorcdh— Allouy vedundant pots
Aroph Search > CU minds iH ’
by tvanleing The Visi ia) nodes.
J on
i
Bote ogee FF
Crplert i Set, Rasps troetey, % Visitiaf node, to
Prevtnk redundant pats « leope.
Srposh thrwode — Cerner tls nodes
u
Qdd Child ‘nedes
Fee Hot epiord
Arrody A brenlcen
front ex Onley
wb. £ mot -gy Uningermad “Seach Satgi :
Seorch onthm
/ "3
\
ag _
Unngormes| [Bind Bry d & ch /
Heustic. Seaudy
Sead
Breadth fost Seach (BFS)
Depth First Seasch (DFS)
a, Wowicd deooch (DLS?
rierokre deep pes (TeX
Bidivecktova) Reach .
Uniform cent Search Cucs)
i wean ® a Solis gpa
Unig S: : sen cpt a am
oO a yt a 5 ad oP yoblumM Aapenile
a wen a port PUningormad, Arouk = "eran dU hack a ee,
os knowing ustuah, Fem, Ututh flody »
amen TO
Drkewued Soak - Th U anlein Astaplon, bth omy
t peer ,
uth oem oun ldmyeom 4 2 tan w dey
Seon we :
ed
Se: a ae
be dim Knew wirith one spern His daoy
O eH sam alt Gra by Me.
y dhe Ar thie trey Option cotthrour an
adebtiera) ings OE Hee Fool stoke . a
yw bese
==
+ DR which Uke wot node i expandad fist
hon Qh tthe Sucerstors Gf, We roe nde aus
enpondsd mart, then Hel Succenors Lree
We ee ie an cent ets Seoul abgrm Hot
explores modes wo tio. Sorel by Jdavel
Paine or sha Wot.
< . i buildtig with n nog we!
of, a
ene tint 4p Room A
e dkny WwUE Gack He rooms Conneckd do
Room A. fay OF
x You Fr fo wom B 4 Chad thersenns conv
to Rew Say DEF
, do Pm cy, *
» Yow F2C
cee = And Om ky FEOM — but ni 0» Ib celal Brecoltt— Bt Se ee
@ lores th > — _ nm DOL,
ra Stor Gee i bree re
a softy)
it
fist, before depth. T
. breadt® wi.
happe bejor® ge! colts eagplorshien
a Anaper inko the
Gas]
Ay ret ir
a
How BFS works ? e
Jn LS
Dm 6 te G LB
ye Ure que CFIFO).
2 Sook fecrn apot Node — mosk uk AZ
Vailcg %? we dont tose 4 aus
7 “4 Nn.
—> Pur Aude Viallad oe qe
2 Jhon yinie Ub tae natgtboourd oh diol
mode Cconnetial meade) Ce by one Ww order
Oa one bred first Hearn Gre
+o Next Jarek
a ques?
vyemenboee Ustwelh Kode to
2 | pe UAe
Dulps
stondog in Foe Ise pexon
i: en Stonding eluind
CR — 46
es f
visittd nod :
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od
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Ea C2 BMis, eT! we are VIIA OM
ee moda order.“TEme Conrepaty aor BFS: a
e Chale
5S branching ~foctoy [avg n 0 4 Murcene,”
2 node J}
as depth 4, 4he S-hatlourcst goat.
A A (suk) 6
PAs i
Bc D
— z dad
b- 3 DE F Glasat) a
«Ae Mere 0 + | node Crvot)
» AG fet t 2 bb nodes.
. Ae Aved 2s by nodes SL.
gererols b rere
eS Nodes
+ Ae here 2 5 Moder 4 gy ;
Ac - Garet 3-12 bY nodes Brae wit oe 0(6
Noses uy teplordi
d
at ee node.
dir Ssted no Q odes Goma ray
(eee eee + bt = OCb*). moder th dont
J
Ra, o| bls si 39 4 Time Complexity.
= A Amnter dominat
Qnds . ’
Lo,
; 2 OL node |
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be ves Fo 2%
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Char Mar Lowest cert »
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ue we Modes +o expand Oe) bP
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l at 3)
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G hay Lowest Coot. Come @
As
Dhe pot to rach Grad node - he
4
AR D— Gn.
usin totot Cort 6 he
OPhmad path.oe
Tame compuxity — o (Wi Fe r/e >
b> bronebuing sfoctoy : 7
c* ss Cosk & optimal oh”
e Cepstlon). 7 Sivtodiles
& positive
ap osk Wt
peph:
fico operobon — Ro , down . -"
ie = Hue nrumbe So Hak
»
blu» than or equal tol
ca) to ft.
L 144
3.7 3 [
g.0 S.. ~
Cofng operon = cours? “P-
x oe =
Zr _ a
S10 Ss
> Depth - Ryst Seoach ¢
+ DPS > On capormed seosch Phim
Hyor * Lore cout EF O gop
oeper®
otostk ak tHe aor node
G + opaad yvode / 2 Ho thal Child»
sft TO clild mode,
aaa mode z explore
He coe ee ptade PS Creo)A BSCDEK,
4)
RROREMEWRD
ne Compute, of ES
Te brancung forte
-_ max no 4 Ruccene
4 ant node.
a qmaumun dupth . Hepp eat Level
hn tHe Area Ua,
o(e”)eo
Tee Eee eee eeeeeeeer ee
p Depth- Limited Seouh 3(ocs / bene
. DES Uta. The
Vanuadlieyn of
ples Co
av © as h . te ‘
geonch b Lemire) +0 & pea) dapthy A (Umib)
& :
agren explore Hee poth Uaeng DFS but stops
Logan dé vecchen the Specified depth dink,
You Com Bee te Cee oe only upto
Co hZut
Becaurr ) Se Doe ar
Jo ya ot t& hee
a nodes
to Viait alt i
uo bron
age ie
+ 7g> Creylive dee ping dapth- first Seoush Ide.
y tt b an uninformed Search Atehyntque .
* Tr order 4o Overcome The Corba.
F Dis, we wee IDHES i
Arosa wR Une
ve be prire
Pp oe Sep
Lurppen Mas. grat node aged
Aapth Minit, Hon it torn Lite
P a eee
Abdem't provide '
es aren " ae -
5 dager tac Sr 3 “Cred =
(242)
* qiewebire duupering Combines “the benyes
%* Bes £ DFS. WMA. ole
Le. BPS — ik bb Compl Lopinal,
Sy thes Are loo” Redes, Ut wit bux
oe bas Uso node, itr compute *)
‘ slap by devel
C optmok bec, fe alioa finds th
bect & Sront cost Sot)
DFS 7 fg a | eppitiant < fast
yy TBS specie Pertom, DLS
uotth tosoning hopth Aoi .
1. Stok with depth Unit 5
2 Pertorm DLS upto that tintt.
a. ty nO gx do sound , inGemunk aS
depth due by i
4. Petprr Dis upto Leret |oot «
eak Until the é d.
ae
hindi =0 3 Check onty Ha spot
rere |
qrerahion 2 2 dintt=1 —> Chack WE + Suet I-moden
geben Bs Epet +2 Chace rot + Ruel | nodes +
: Durel 2 nodep
won 4) dimik =3 >> Check voor + -Luvel | nodes +
seen devel 2 Nodes + dayel Z Troden
b
goad found.
ci FA
7c
gt 7 A»
Ts 2 pe cee
oO(bY
? crow Tha
Drousbacks Dr advent, u Cloud Wo
erooh Stoie-
7
problems, baucvord stare,
« Tn Some ft ae)
may be impowdle.eoges
oe ~— Ng Pe,
Ue Can ure BFS o DFS.
Th proctice, BOS unser BPS Yn both diet ution
USing_ BFS?
e Both We Bearcthy Met SLomrushuare ;
Wa midalte , AE Some node th _midg
Keak & Cottad fniersechon Node ,
noes fein bath te paths ge He
Compita. Solution +
o o® One
Ze
BS
G
2 oe 3
@-® @-8
usten Both the Seareroy thterseck cot, each
' Ota , Search — Prt
Steps.
—Ss
Anne. Company
ae BRS Untiory TE f
1 Cost Ee ~ Bedivecti |
ob? anne 0(b™ \o0(b) es
tim b => Aaa) 6tn4) -| a¢e4"3
| | ote) oe ) CoM | olb | 0( 4 ;
pence oe face | oes
Tine comple] a Awe Hee cele
ye igre porgor™ j, wont arene =
boot er: we- O
ee - Sh
er a, memo ac- O
seen serpy 7 i
ols)
, | Des Tous |
Use
4 BFSa
p. ), tor BAsz
Sedo
Tees ve presents tthe Stoult yoda Lote tp
STATE sek to Prclem, Fritcol ne
aditebized Utes O-
a Go Tat: uy te iuia) Stes (tour,
nit. cdaraday & goat pee tm Vtdats |
Tan thse Seth,
os fronts PA FIFO Josue » lobe
eee ony te | node.
fe euplored + Giimatly empty ustuth holds»,
Werk d nodes.
S Sdeop.
cyte , tt moons Hu
Re e rencivn fy explore ie abies pollu
CAst addasl ne@e]
Sbhellournst node
Se
Jem the frewkin Foy tpamio.
Add the Comunt node tote teplor
Sek.
qa. Expaneten : or each powible action
dem the Giant node SHE :
A maid cnet O- gemseeind by
Opplyiny aodlion +o the Cueiunt node,
Aw Ds wv the aa Sep vais
averse otclundonoys Tb pea
RUS HR cephmed modes ot catepiaeetad lald rede pte
Oe ke nensby genes
goa) Han Arbon tee See Paanance
ot ag Hee cila % not tH ge
a eq OY Adal
han't ‘eaen ex plor d ad th
fortes gt, Tan aod to te spronliin
4or pes exploration «
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