ELECTRICAL MACHINE–II

10. I Three Phase Induction Machine --------------------------------------------------------------------- 363

10. II AC Single Phase Induction Motor and Special Type of Motor -------------------------------- 374
10. III Synchronous Motor ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 393

Yearwise & Topicwise Analysis Chart

Electrical Machine–II 362 YCT

10.
ELECTRICAL MACHINE–II
 The magnetizing inductance of the motor thus
I. Three Phase Induction decreases.
• The magnetic flux in the air gap will decrease.
Machine  The magnetizing current will increase. This will
cause a poor power factor at all loads.
1. In a 3φ induction motor running at slip 's', the
mechanical power developed in terms of air 5. Magnetic locking of the rotor with stator in
gap Pg is case of an induction motor may be reduced by:
(a) Using inter-poles
Pg (b) Laminating the rotor core
(a) (s-1) Pg (b)
(1 − s ) (c) Equaliser connections
(c) (1-s) Pg (d) sPg (d) Skewed rotor slots
SSC JE 2009 SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : Relation between power equation- Ans. (d) : In case of an induction motor stator and rotor
teeth may get magnetically locked. Skewing reduces the
Pg : Pcu : Pm = 1: s : (1 − s ) tendency of magnetic locking. Therefore magnetic
Pm 1 − s locking of the rotor with stator in case of an induction
= motor may be reduced by skewed rotor slots.
Pg 1
6. The torque of induction motor is proportional
Pm = (1 − s ) Pg to
2. During starting of a three-phase induction 1
(a) (b) V
motor, the machine may refuse to start at all. V
This phenomenon is called (c) V2 (d) V3
(a) Single phasing (b) Cogging SSC JE 2009
(c) Stalling (d) Crawling Ans. (c) : The torque of an induction motor is
SSC JE 2011, Shift-II proportional to V2.
Ans: (b) When the slots of the rotor are equal in Torque of induction motor given by-
number with slots in the stator, they align themselves
in such way that both face to each other and at this 180  sE 22 
T=  2 2
stage the reluctance of the magnetic path is minimum 2πN s  R 2 + ( sX 2 ) 
and motor refuse to start. This characteristic of the
induction motor is called cogging. T ∝ E 22
3. A 4 pole, 50Hz induction motor operates at 5% or
slip. The frequency of emf induced in the rotor T ∝ V2 [At starting E2 = V2]
will be: 7. In a 3-phase induction motor, the three-phase
(a) 25 Hz (b) 2 Hz currents ia, ib and ic, each of equal magnitude,
(c) 2.5 Hz (d) 50 Hz but differing in phase by
SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I (a) 3600 (b) 2800
0
Ans : (c) Given, P = 4, fs = 50, fr = ? (c) 210 (d) 1200
s = 5% = 0.05 SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
∵ fr = s×fs Ans : (d) In a 3-phase induction motor the three phase
current ia, ib and ic each of equal magnitude, but
fr = 0.05×50
differing in phase by 1200.
fr = 2.5Hz
8. ___starting method CANNOT be used for
4. In an induction motor, if the air gap is
starting a 3-phase squirrel cage induction
increased, then motor.
(a) Its speed will reduce. (a) Star-delta (b) Rotor-resistance
(b) Its efficiency will improve. (c) Auto-transformer (d) Direct-on line
(c) Its power factor will reduce. SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
(d) Its breakdown torque will reduce.
Ans. (b) : In squirrel -cage motor, metal conductor bars
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
are embedded in surface of rotor therefore it's resistance
Ans. (c) : If the air gap of an induction motor is is fixed and can't be varies & even no external
increased the following will happen. resistance can be added therefore rotor-resistance
 The permeability of the magnetic circuit rotor-to- method can't be used in squirrel cage induction motor.
stator will decrease.
Electrical Machine–II 363 YCT
9. Find the frequency of rotor induced EMF of a Ans: (b) In three phase induction motor, rotor slots
3-phase, 440V, 50Hz induction motor having are not parallel to the shaft axis i.e. these slots are
slip of 10%. skewed for obtaining a quieter and smoother operation
(a) 50Hz (b) 5Hz of the induction motor. Cogging or magnetic locking
(c) 2.5Hz (d) 25Hz of rotor teeth and stator teeth is also reduced by using
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I skewed rotor.
Ans. (b) : Given- 13. When the rotor of a three phase induction
Slip = 10% motor is blocked, the slip is:
Supply frequency = 50 Hz (a) 0.1 (b) 0.5
fr =? (c) 1 (d) 0
rotor frequency fr = sf SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
s = slip N - Nr
f = stator frequency Ans: (c) As s = s
Ns
10
= × 50 = 5Hz. In blocked rotor test Nr = 0 ⇒ s = 1
100
10. A three phase induction machine, when it is 14. A 3-phase 4 pole induction motor works on 3-
operating like a motor, the range of slip 's' is phase 50 c/s supply. If the slip of the motor is
given by- 4%. The actual speed will be:
(a) -1>s>-2 (b) 0>s>-1 (a) 1460 rpm (b) 1440 rpm
(c) 1<s<2 (d) 0<s<1 (c) 720 rpm (d) 1550 rpm
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : 120f 120 × 50
Ans :(b) NS = =
P 4
= 1500 r.p.m.
Given
s = 0.04
N - Nr
s= S
NS
∴ N = (1 –s) Ns
= (1–0.04) × 1500
Slip of induction motor lies between 0 < s < 1, in = 1440 r.p.m.
motoring mode.
15. The slip of an induction motor under full load
11. If the torque of the induction motor decreases,
condition is about:
the.............
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.03
(a) speed of rotor increases
(c) 0.2 (d) 0.8
(b) speed of rotor decreases
SSC JE 2008
(c) current of the rotor decreases
Ans. : (b) An induction motor under full load the slip
(d) power of the motor decreases of the inductor motor varies between 1% to 3% i.e.
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II 0.01 to 0.03.
Ans. (a) : For constant power output in an induction 16. The Rotor input when, rotor copper loss in an
motor
induction motor is 600 W and slip is 3% is :
Power = Torque × speed
(a) 18 kW (b) 200 kW
or (c) 20 kW (d) 25 kW
Torque = Power/speed SSC JE 2008
P 1 Ans. : (c) Rotor copper loss = s × rotor input
T= ∴ N∝
ωs T Rotor Cu loss
Rotor input =
So if the torque is decreased the speed of the rotor is s
increased. 600
= = 20 kW
12. The rotor slots, in an induction motor are usually 0.03
not quite parallel to the shaft because it: 17. Which of the following is preferred r.p.m. for
(a) helps the rotor teeth to remain under the stator
teeth 4-pole induction motor?
(a) 1485 r.p.m. (b) 1470 r.p.m.
(b) helps in reducing the tendency of the rotor
teeth to remain under the stator teeth (c) 1440 r.p.m. (d) 1320 r.p.m.
SSC JE 2007
(c) improves the power factor
(d) improves the efficiency Ans. : (a) For induction motor, slip should be exist but
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I it should be as much low as possible because rotor
copper loss is directly proportional to slip.
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 364 YCT
 R cu (Rotor copper loss) ∝ s 120f
N1 = (cumulative cascade)
Therefore, value of slip is between 1% to 3% P1 + P2
120f 120f
Ns = N2 = (differential cascade)
P P1 − P2
120 × 50 120f
= N3 = (when only motor 1 runs)
4 P1
6000
= 120f
4 N4 = (when only motor 2 runs)
= 1500 rpm P2
1485 rpm is nearer to synchronous speed. Where,
18. Maximum torque in a 3-phase induction motor P1 = No. of poles on stator of motor 1
depends on- P2 = No. of poles on stator of motor 2
(a) square of supply voltage N = Speed
(b) frequency f = frequency
(c) rotor inductive reactance 21. Induction generator works between the slip of-
(d) All of the above (a) 1<s<2 (b) 0.1<s<1.0
SSC JE 2007 (c) s<0.0 (d) None of the above
Ans. : (d) In a 3-phase induction motor, (The SSC JE 2007
maximum torque) Ans. : (c) Induction generator works between the slip
of –1<s<0
3 E2
Tmax = . 2
ωs 2X 2
Since s = 1
∵ E2 ∝ V
Tmax ∝ V 2
∵ω∝ f
Tmax depends on 'f'
1 1
∴ Tmax ∝ 2 and Tmax ∝
f X2
19. Full-load current for a 3-phase, 440 volts, 20 22. In a 3-phase induction motor starting torque
will be maximum when–
HP induction motor will be closer to-
(a) 5A (b) 15 A 1
(a) R2 = (b) R2 = X2
(c) 25 A (d) 35 A X 2
SSC JE 2007 (c) R2 = X 22 (d) R2 = X 2
Ans. : (c) Given,
Where R2 is Rotor resistance and X2 is rotor
VL = 440 Volts
reactance.
Therefore, the full load current of a 3 − phase induction SSC JE 2010
motor will be obtain from the equation, Ans. : (b) We know that torque in induction motor can
P3−φ = 3VL I L .cos φ be given as
P3−φ KφsE 2 R 2
T= 2
∴ Ifℓ = R 2 + ( sX 2 )
2
3VL cos φ
For maximum torque-
∵ 1 HP = 735.5 W  dT
20 × 735.5 
=  Pin = Pout = 20 HP  ds
=0
3 × 440 × 0.8
 Taking pf = 0.8  on differentiating and after putting the terms equal to
zero we get
= 24.12 ≃ 25A
R 22
How many different speeds can be obtained in s = 2
2
20. {Neglecting negative value of the slip}
X2
cascade control of two induction motors?
(a) 2 (b) 4 R
or s = 2 {In Running Condition}
(c) 8 (d) 16 X2
SSC JE 2007 at starting s= 1
Ans. : (b) In cascade control of two induction motors 4 Then, R = X
2 2
different speed can be obtained.
Electrical Machine–II 365 YCT
23. A 4-pole, 3-phase induction motor is running at 27. The power is supplied to the rotating device in
4% slip at full load. If the speed of the motor is an induction motor is by means of :
750 rpm, the supply frequency is– (a) Electromagnetic induction
2 (b) Magnetic induction
(a) 16 Hz (b) 25 Hz (c) Ferro Magnetic induction
3
(c) 50 Hz (d) 60 Hz (d) Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2010
Ans : (d) The power is supplied to the rotating device in
Ans. : (b) Given that
an induction motor is by means of faraday's law of
P=4 poles, s=4%=0.04, N r = 750 rpm electromagnetic Induction. Faraday's law say that a
120f changing magnetic flux can induced an emf, when the
then NS = coil rotates in magnetic field it is possible for stator to
P
change the flux these by inducing an emf.
and N r =NS (1-s)
− N dφ
Nr 750 E=
NS = = =781.25rpm dt
1-s 1-0.04
where
120f E = emf(V)
and Ns =
P N = number of turns in the coil
PN S 4 × 781.25 dφ
then f = = = 26.04Hz = rate of change of flux
120 120 dt
or f ≃ 25Hz 28. The principle of operation of a 3–phase
24. In three phase induction motor reversing the induction motor is most similar to that of :
supply in two of the phases is called as…….. (a) synchronous motor
(a) pole changing (b) plugging (b) capacitor–start induction run motor
(c) Increase the torque (d) to control current (c) repulsion–start induction motor
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II (d) transformer with a shorted secondary
Ans. (b) : Plugging is the process of reversing the SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
supply in two of the phases in a three phase induction SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
motor. It is also referred as 'Reverse current Braking' Ans : (d) The induction motor and the transformer both
and possible on ac induction motors. For plugging work on the principle of electromagnetic induction the
operation, the armature is reversed and resistance is flux produced in the primary winding get linked to
added to circuit. secondary in the transformer similar to the flux
generated in the stator get linked to the rotor. The
25. When the phase sequence of supply currents working principle of Induction motor and transformer is
are reversed, then the direction of rotation of similar.
the resultant magnetic field wave :
29. If the supply frequency to the stator is reduced
(a) not unchanged (b) to and fro
the induction motor goes to :
(c) reversed (d) None of these (a) increase the torque
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I (b) Regenerative braking
Ans. (c) : When the phase sequence of supply currents (c) stator magnetic breaking
are reversed, then the direction of rotation of the (d) increasing speed of rotor
resultant magnetic field wave is reversed because the SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
distribution sequence of voltage changes when phase Ans : (b) If the supply frequency to the stator is reduced
sequence is changed. Therefore the resultant magnetic the induction motor goes to regenerative braking.
field of motor changes in reverse direction. In regenerative braking, regenerative power frequency
26. The availability of full–rated torque at starting is equal to main supply frequency.
is obtained from induction motor is : 30. A 30 kW rated output, 400V, 3 phase delta
(a) rotor resistance control connected, 4–pole, 50 Hz induction motor full
(b) stator voltage control load slip of 5%. If the ratio of standstill
(c) slip ring control reactance to resistance per rotor phase is 4
(d) line current control estimate the full load speed.
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I (a) 1425 rpm (b) 1500 rpm
Ans. (a) : The availability of full rated torque at starting (c) 1350 rpm (d) 1625 rpm
is obtained rotor resistance control. Rotor resistance SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
control is not used in squirrel cage induction motor. It is Ans : (a) Given data–
generally used in slip ring induction motor. In this Pole = 4,
control, speed is controlled by controlling the slip. Slip = 5%
Motor is run at 10-15% in this method. Frequency = 50

Electrical Machine–II 366 YCT

 120f Ns − N r
From, Synchronous speed (Ns) = s= per unit
P Ns
120 × 50 N − Nr
= % slip = s × 100
4 Ns
Ns = 1500 rpm
rotor speed in terms of slip
Ns − N r
% slip = ×100 N r = Ns (1 − s )
Ns
where Ns- Synchronous speed in revolution per second
Nr = (1 – s) Ns Nr- Rotor speed in revolution per second.
Nr = (1 – 0.05) × 1500
34. In three phase induction motor maximum
Nr = 0.95 × 1500
torque is inversely proportional to the :
Nr = 1425 rpm
(a) stator voltage
Full load speed = 1425 rpm (b) speed of rotor
31. In star-delta starting of three-phase induction (c) rotor reactance
motor the starting voltage is reduced to (d) decreasing slip speed
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
(a) 3 times of normal voltage.
2
(b) 3 times of normal voltage. K1sE 2 R 2 _______(i)
Ans : (c) Tr =
R 2 2 + (sX 2 )
2
1
(c) times of normal voltage.
3 For maximum torque,
1 Rotor resistance per phase = slip × stand still rotor
(d) times of normal voltage. reactance
3
R 2 = sX 2
SSC JE 2012
Ans:(d) In star-delta starting of three-phase induction Putting sX 2 in equation (i),

1 1
motor the starting voltage is reduced to times of Tm ∝
3 2X 2
normal voltage.
32. If the starting torque of a 3 phase induction 1
Tm ∝
motor is Tst for DOL starting, that for star-delta X2
starting of the same motor is Where, R2 = Rotor Resistance.
(a) Tst/3 (b) Tst/ 3 X2 = Rotor reactance.
In above relation maximum torque is inversely
(c) 3 Tst (d) 3Tst proportional to the rotor reactance.
SSC JE 2012 35. A centre zero ammeter connected in the rotor
V circle of a 6 pole, 50 Hz induction motor makes
Ans : (a) For star-delta starter. VPh = L
3 30 oscillations in one minute. The rotor speed is :
for direct switching, VPh = VL (a) 670 rpm (b) 990 rpm
(c) 1010 rpm (d) 1030 rpm
∵ Torque ∝ V 2 SSC JE 2009
 VL 
2 Ans. : (b) Given, P = 6, f = 50Hz
Starting torque with Y-∆ starting  3  1 30
= = fr = = 0.5Hz
Starting torque with DOL starting ( VL ) 2
3 60
We know that -
1 1 fr = [Link]
i.e. ( Tst ) Y −∆ = ( Tst )DOL = Tst
3 3 f 0.5
s= r = = 0.01
33. The difference between the stator synchronous fs 50
speed and rotor speeds is called: 120f 120 × 50
(a) leading speed (b) lagging speed Ns = = = 1000 rpm
(c) slip speed (d) slow speed P 6
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II ∵ N − Nr
s= s
Ans : (c) The difference between the synchronous speed Ns
and the actual speed of the rotor is known as the slip speed. 1000 − N r
s = Ns − N r 0.01 =
1000
The fraction part of the synchronous speed is called the N r = 990 rpm
per unit slip or fractional slip.

Electrical Machine–II 367 YCT

36. In squirrel-cage induction motor, the rotor Slip at opposite direction move
conductors are N − ( − N ) 900 + 1800 2700
(a) open circuited. s= S = =
(b) short circuited via end rings. NS 900 900
(c) short circuited via external reactance s=3
(d) short circuited via external resistance. Rotor frequency = s.f = 3×60
SSC JE 2013
f r = 180 Hz
Ans: (b) In squirrel-cage induction motor, the rotor
conductor (Copper bar) are short circuited at both 40.
In squirrel cage induction motor, the rotor
ends via end rings. slots skew in order to reduce
37. Which one of the following is a speed control (a) windage losses
method of three-phase squirrel cage induction (b) eddy currents
motor? (c) reduce magnetic humming effect
(a) Plugging method (d) friction losses
(b) Star-delta switch method SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
(c) Pole-changing method Ans : (c) In squirrel cage induction motor. The rotor
(d) Centrifugal clutch method slot skew in order to reduce magnetic humming effect.
SSC JE 2013
Harmonics are reduced due to use of skew slots that
Ans: (c) Pole changing method is a speed control provides better voltage.
method exclusively for squirrel cage induction motor41. What type of operate a direct-on-line starter
because the cage rotor automatically develops the consists of
same number of poles as that of stator. (a) capacitor operated
38. If static voltage of a squirrel cage induction (b) a coil operated
motor is reduced to 50 percent of its rated (c) resistor operated
value, torque developed is reduced by how (d) eddy current operated
many percentage of its full load value? SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
(a) 50% (b) 75% Ans : (b) DOL starter is coil operated. This starter
(c) 25% (d) 57.7% neither controls voltage nor current. This starter only
SSC JE 2015
protects the motor from over load.
Ans. : (b) In squirrel cage induction motor- Inductive reactance type i.e. coil operated type direct on
line starter use in induction motor to reduce starting
Torque is directly proportional to the square of static
voltage current but low power because of inductive reactance.
i.e. T∝ V2 42. In the induction motors the torque is directly
50 proportional to the
Rated Value 50% = = 0.5 (a) slip (b) higher slip values
100
(c) voltage slip (d) lower slip values
T∝ V2 ⇒ 0.5 ×0.5 SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
⇒ 0.25
Percentage Value = 0.25 ×100 KφsE 2 R 2
Ans : (d) T =
R 2 2 + ( sX 2 )
2
= 25%
Reduced by full load percentage value is When slip 's' has very low value, speed of rotor is equal
100 − 25 = 75% to synchronous motor, then value of R2 is greater than
39. An eight pole wound rotor induction motor the value of sX2 because rotor frequency is very low as
operating on 60 Hz supply is driven at 1800 f r = sf
rpm by a prime mover in the opposite direction
of revolving magnetic field. The frequency of In this case s
T∝ T∝s
rotor current is : R2
(a) 60 Hz (b) 200 Hz so,
(c) 120 Hz (d) 180 Hz In this condition curve of torque-slip is a straight line.
SSC JE 2015 When slip 's' has high value, speed of rotor decreases
Ans. : (d) Given, and achieves maximum torque.
P=8, f = 60 Hz So, R2 = sX2 (Its also known as full load torque)
N = 1800 r.p.m s
T∝
120 × 60
∴ NS = ( sX 2 )2
8
1
NS = 900 rpm T∝ [∵ X 2 = constant ]
s
N −N In this condition curve of torque slip is a rectangular
∵ s= s
Ns parabolic shape.

Electrical Machine–II 368 YCT

43. In induction motor If we remove one phase for Ans : (b)
instance, two terminals will have 'Y' phase and Pg = air gap power = Rotor power input
one will have 'B' phase called Pg= Stator input power - stator Cu. loss
(a) AC dynamic Braking = (60-1) kW
(b) plugging = 59 kW.
(c) cascade braking Rotor Cu. Loss = (sPg)= 0.04×59
(d) increasing motor torque = 2.36 kW
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
47. If a 3-phase induction motor hums during
Ans : (a) In induction motor, when a phase is removed, starting up, the probable cause could be––
e.g. there will be two terminals "Y" phase and one (a) unequal stator phase resistance
terminal will have "B" phase braking to A.C. is called
dynamic restriction. This braking during the motor slip (b) open circuited rotor
(1–s) becomes of this braking disconnected the motor's (c) interturn short circuit on rotor
stator from the 3-φ supply and has a given d.c. supply in (d) any of the above
his stator. SSC JE 2011, Shift-I
44. Blocked rotor test is used to find which of the Ans : (c) The interturn short circuit of the windings
following losses? inside the rotor is a common electrical fault for the
(a) Constant losses 3 − φ induction motor. Bad manufacturing and
(b) Variable losses assembling, over heating due to interturn in the
(c) Constant losses and variable losses Both windings and also the long term stresses and vibrations
(d) Rotational loss may result in this fault.
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I 48. The slip of induction motor 0.04 and frequency
Ans. (b) : Block rotor test is also known as short circuit of motor 60 Hz. Hence, the rotor current
test. Block rotor test is used to find variable losses. frequency
(a) 24 kHz (b) 24 Hz
(c) 2.4 Hz (d) 60 Hz
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans : (c) Given that,
Slip = 0.04
Where, ISC · Rated short circuit current Frequency (f) = 60 Hz
VSC = short circuit voltage Rotor frequency ( f r ) = s.f.
PSC = Total copper loss at full load standstill fr = 60 × 0.04
condition fr = 2.4 Hz
P 49. The synchronous speed 3 phase, 50 Hz, 4 pole
[Resistance (R) · 2SC
ISC slip ring induction motor is --------.
V (a) 1500 RPM (b) 1440 RPM
[Impedance (Z) · SC (c) 1000 RPM (d) 960 RPM
ISC
SSC JE 2011, Shift-I
[Reactance (X) · Z 2 − R 2 Ans. (a) : Given, P = 4, f = 50 Hz
45. In three phase induction motor the initial 120f
Ns =
inrush of current is produce: P
(a) Large line voltage drop 120 × 50
(b) Large phase voltage drop Ns =
(c) Damage the rotor windings 4
(d) High starting torque 6000
Ns =
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I 4
Ans. (a) : In a three phase induction motor, the initial Ns = 1500 rpm
inrush of current produces large line voltage drop. 50. Rotating magnetic fields are also used in 3
When 3 phase voltage applied across the stator winding phase induction motors rotor developing…...…
for starting of induction motor high inrush current (a) eddy current (b) voltage lag
magnetize the air gap between the stator and rotor. An (c) load current (d) phase current
induced e.m.f is generated in the rotor windings of SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
induction motor because of rotating magnetic field.
Ans : (a) When we connect stator of a 3-Phase motor
46. The power input to a 3-phase, 50Hz, 400V, 4-
pole induction motor is 60kW and its stator with three Phase (3-φ) supply, a rotating magnetic field
losses are 1 kW. If this motor is running at 4% is produced in stator. In the same way, Rotating
slip, the rotor copper loss is–– magnetic field is produced in rotor due to eddy current.
(a) 1.18 kW (b) 2.36 kW A rotating magnetic field is a magnetic field that has
(c) 0.18 kW (d) 0.36 kW moving polarities in which its opposite poles rotate
about a control point or axis.
SSC JE 2011, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 369 YCT
51. One of the speed control methods of a 3phase 56. In a 3–phase induction motor crawling happens at
induction motors is …… (a) any speed
(a) V/f control (b) stator current control (b) no-load speed
(c) core loss control (d) eddy current control (c) odd multiples of fundamental
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II (d) even multiples of fundamental
Ans : (a) The speed of 3–φ (Three phase) Induction SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
motor is controlled by V/f method. In this method speed Ans: (c) Crawling happen in 3φ induction motor due
is controlled by varying frequency V/f control ensures to presence of time and space harmonics present due
the output voltage proportional with frequency so it N
maintains a constant motor flux preventing weak to normal synchronous speed e.g. speed becomes s
5
magnetic saturation phenomenon from happening.
Ns
52. The rotor shaft of an induction motor is made of and for presence of 5th and 7th harmonic
(a) high speed steel (b) soft steel 7
respectively.
(c) carbon steel (d) iron
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II 57. A 4–pole, 3 phase induction motor runs at 1440
rpm on a 50 Hz supply, Find the slip speed.
Ans. (c) : The motor shaft is fixed within the rotor and (a) 2940 rpm (b) 1500 rpm
rotates with it. The shaft extends outside of motor (c) 1440 rpm (d) 60 rpm
casing, an allows an connection to outside system to SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
transmit the rotational power. The rotor shaft of an
induction motor is made of carbon steel. Ans: (d) Given, P = 4 Nr = 1440 rpm
f = 50 Hz
53. An Induction Motor is expected to run at 950
rpm at full load, with a power supply of 50 Hz. 120f 120 × 50
NS = =
What could be the number of poles in the IM? P 4
(a) Four (b) Two 6000
= = 1500 rpm
(c) Eight (d) Six 4
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II ∴ slip speed (s) = Ns – Nr
Ans : (d) N = 950 r.p.m = 1500 – 1440
f = 50Hz = 60 rpm
120f 58. The synchronous speed of a three phase
Ns = induction motor having 20 poles and connected
P
As we know induction motor runs very near to to a 50 Hz source is-
synchronous speed hence Ns = 1000 rpm. (a) 1200 RPM (b) 600 RPM
(c) 300 RPM (d) 1000 RPM
120 × 50
P= SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
1000 Ans. (c) : Given,
P = 6 Pole P = 20, f = 50 Hz, Ns = ?
54. A three-phase induction motor with eight poles The synchronous speed of 3 − φ induction motor-
runs from a three-phase supply of 50 Hz. What 120f
is the synchronous speed of the motor? Ns =
(a) 750 rpm (b) 1500 rpm P
(c) 1000 rpm (d) 3000 rpm 120 × 50
=
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II 20
Ans : (a) Given, 6000
Ns = = 300 RPM
Pole (P) = 8 20
frequency (f) = 50Hz 59. If the rotor of a 3-phase induction motor is
120 × 50 assumed purely resistive, then electromagnetic
Ns = torque is...............
8
Ns = 750 r.p.m. (a) minimum with load angle of 90 degree
(b) minimum with load angle of 0 degree
55. A four- pole, three-phase Induction motor
operates from a supply with 50Hz. what is the (c) optimum with load angle of 90 degree
frequency of the rotor currents when the slip is (d) optimum with load angle of 0 degree
0.06? SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I
(a) 47 Hz (b) 50 Hz Ans : (c) The electromagnetic torque in a 3-phase
(c) 48 Hz (d) 3 Hz induction motor can be given by–
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II T ∝ F1F2 sin δ
Ans (d) : Given, Fs = 50Hz, P = 4, s = 0.06 Where, δ = load-angle
Rotor frequency (fr) = s × fs F1 = Stator M.M.F.
= 0.06 × 50 = 3Hz F2 = Rotor M.M.F.

Electrical Machine–II 370 YCT

Due to Pure resistive rotor, torque will be maximum. 64. Induction generator is more suitable for
For maximum torque – supplying ...........
(a) Resistive load
δ = 900 (b) Inductive load
T = Tmax (c) Capacitive load
(d) A combination of resistive, inductive and
60. Which of the following motors has a squirrel- capacitive load
cage winding embedded in the armature under SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-II
the regular winding? Ans : (c) Capacitive loading is best suitable for
(a) compound motor induction-generator.
(b) repulsion-start, induction-run motor 65. The full load slip of a 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase
(c) repulsion motor induction motor rotating at 1410 r.p.m is____:
(d) repulsion-induction motor (a) 9% (b) 2%
SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I (c) 6% (d) 1%
Ans : (d) Repulsion-induction motor has a squirrel cage UPPCL JE- 08.09.2021, Shift-II
winding embedded in the armature under the regular SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-I
winding. Repulsion-motors are based on the principle of Ans : (c) Given,
repulsion between two magnetic fields. N = 1410 rpm
61. Changing the electrical connections to reverse P = 4 f = 50 Hz
the direction of rotation of a motor running at 120f 120 × 50
Ns = = = 1500 rpm
full speed is called____: P 4
(a) slugging (b) plugging N −N
(c) dynamic braking (d) brush shifting s% = s × 100
Ns
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I
Ans : (b) Changing the electrical connection to reverse 1500 − 1410 90
= ×100 = × 100 = 6%
the direction of rotation of a motor running at full speed 1500 1500
is called plugging. In this method the terminal of supply 66. Which of the following is an AC motor?
are reversed as the result generated torque also reverse (a) Slip-ring motor
which resist the normal rotation of the motor and as a (b) Synchronous motor
result the speed decrease. The main disadvantages of (c) Squirrel cage Induction motor
this method is that power wasted. (d) All options are correct
62. For a particular kW rating of an induction SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-I
motor, the kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor Ans : (d) AC motor are-
required is____:  Slip-ring motor
(a) more for high rated speed motor  Synchronous motor
 Squirrel cage induction motor
(b) more for lower rated speed motor
(c) independent of speed 67. The speed of an AC motor depends on____:
(a) Frequency only
(d) None of these
(b) Number of poles only
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I
(c) Both frequency and number of poles
Ans : (b) For a particular kW rating of an induction (d) None of these
motor the kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor required SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-I
is more for lower rated speed motor. Ans : (c) The speed of an AC motor depends on both
63. The induction motors develop which of the frequency and number of poles.
following at low frequency of the order 1/2Hz 120f
to 10Hz? Ns =
P
(a) High starting torque with excessive starting Ns = Synchronous motor
current f = Frequency
(b) High starting torque without excessive P = Number of poles
starting current
68. The principle of operation of a 3-phase
(c) Low starting torque with excessive starting induction motor is most similar to that of a___:
current (a) Synchronous motor
(d) Low starting torque without excessive (b) Repulsion-start induction motor
starting current (c) Transformer with a shorted secondary
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I (d) Capacitor-start, induction-run motor
Ans : (b) The induction motor develop high starting SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-I
torque without excessive starting current at low Ans : (c) The principle of operation of a 3-phase
1 induction motor is most similar to that of a transformer
frequency of the order Hz to 10Hz. with a shorted secondary.
2
Electrical Machine–II 371 YCT
69. The speed of the rotating magnetic field in an
induction motor is known as the
(a) Slip speed
(b) Effective speed
(c) Shaft speed
(d) Synchronous speed
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans : (d) The speed of the rotating magnetic field in an In curve A starting torque is zero for an intermediate
induction motor is known as the synchronous speed resistance the curve will be in between A & B. A
120 × f smooth start without a jerk is achieved when impedance
Ns =
P is controlled steplessly.
70. In the below given torque/speed characteristics 72. Which of the following motors is represented
of an induction motor, stable region is ....... by the characteristics curve shown below?

(a) D.C. shunt motor

(a) X (b) Y (b) D.C series motor
(c) Z (d) W (c) D.C. compound motor
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II (d) Asynchronous motor
Ans : (d) SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans : (d) The induction motor also known as
asynchronous motor given curve is torque-speed
characteristic of induction motor or asynchronous motor.
73. For a three phase induction motor
slip at No Load
=?
slip at Full Load
(a) always less than one
(b) always equal to zero
(c) always more than one
(d) always equal to one
In unstable operation the range of 's' is SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
1 ≥ s ≥ s max Ans. (a) : For three phase induction motor
At point w, Slip at No load
is always less than one.
Slip is between ( 0 < s w < s T max ) Slip at fullload
Which is lie on stable region. S = NS − N r
71. What is the use of the circuit shown in the
figure below? The range of slip is 0 to 1.
74. In an induction motor if the rotor resistance is
equal to stand–still reactance then the
maximum torque is?
(a) Less than starting torque
(b) Equal to starting torque
(c) More than starting torque
(d) None of these
(a) To reduce the starting current to a very low SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
(b) To achieve a smooth starting Ans : (b) Initial torque-
(c) To attain a higher starting torque K sE 2 R
(d) To attain a higher maximum torque T= 22 2 22
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II R 2 + ( sX 2 )
Ans : (b) It is called unbalanced starting scheme for At starting s = 1
soft starting when the impedance in one of phase is K E 2R
high, machine operates with single phasing and it speed Tst = 22 2 22
R 2 + X2
torque characteristics is as under (curve A).

Electrical Machine–II 372 YCT

In case of highest initial torque-initial torque will be 79. In an Induction motor, what will be the value
highest when the value of rotor resistance is equal to of slip to get maximum torque under running
rotor reactance- condition?
(a) s = R2 / X2 (b) s = 1
K E 2R (c) s = X2 / (R2 + X2) (d) s = X2 / R2 s
Tst = 22 2 22
R 2 + X2 PSTCL AE 06.08.2021
SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
(
 2
) 
dTst  R 2 + X 2 K 2 − K 2 R 2 ( 2R 2 )  2
=
2
Ans. (a) :The value of slip to get maximum torque
 E2 = 0 under running condition is-
( )
2
dR 2 R 22 + X 22 R2 = sX2
 
s = R2/X2
(R 2
2 + X )K
2
2 2 − K 2 R 2 ( 2R 2 ) = 0 the maximum torque is independent of the rotor
resistance.
(R 2
2 + X )K
2
2 2 = K 2 R 2 ( 2R 2 ) 80. The three phase induction motor stator
windings is displaced by _____from each other:
X 22 = R 22 (a) 450 electrical (b) 300 electrical
X2 = R 2 (c) 1200 electrical (d) 900 electrical
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
75. In motor circuit static frequency changers are Ans : (c) In a 3 − φ induction motor the stator windings
used for ............. is displaced by 1200 electrical from each other.
(a) Improved cooling In polyphase alternator these winding are displaced
(b) Power factor improvement some electrical degree from each other. In
(c) Reversal of direction 3 − φ alternator three independent armature winding are
(d) Speed regulation displaced by 1200 electrical from each other.
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
81. In a factory, a three-phase, 4-kV, 400-kVA
Ans : (d) In motor circuit static frequency changers are synchronous machine is installed along with
used for the speed regulation. Among the motor used other induction motors. The following are the
are induction and synchronous motor. loads on the machine:
76. The primary reason for low power factor is (1) Induction motors: 500 kVA at 0.8 power
owing to installation of ............... factor lagging
(a) Synchronous motor (b) DC motors (2) Synchronous motor: 300 kVA at unity power
(c) Induction motor (d) None of these factor
SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-II Determine the overall power factor of the factory
loads.
Ans : (c) The primary reason for low power factor is
owing to installation of induction motor, low power 7 7
(a) lagging (b) leading
factor is mainly due to lagging current drawn by 58 58
inductive loads. 9 9
77. Which of the following is NOT a valid advantage (c) leading (d) lagging
of skewing in squirrel cage induction motor? 58 58
(a) It reduces motor ‘hum’ during operation. SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
(b) It prevents cogging. Ans. (a) : Induction motor 500 kVA at 0.8 p.f. So real
(c) It increases starting torque. power P1= 500×0.8
(d) It produces more uniform torque. P1= 400 kW
reactive power Q1= 500 × 0.6
SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
= 300 kVAR
Ans. (c) : Advantage of skewing in squirrel cage Synchronous motor 300 kVA at unity power factor
induction motor- So real power P2 = 300×1
• It reduces motor 'hum' during operation. = 300 kW
• It prevents cogging. reactive power Q2 = 0
• It produce more uniform torque. Overall real power = P1 + P2
But, increasing starting torque is not advantage of = 700 kW
skewing in squirrel cage induction motor. Overall reactive power
78. For a ______ induction motor, it is not possible Q = Q1 + Q2 = 300 + 0 = 300 kVAR
to add any external resistance in series with the
rotor circuit for starting purposes.
(a) Squirrel-cage (b) Phase wound
(c) Slip-ring (d) Wound
SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
Ans. (a) : In squirrel cage induction motor, it is not
possible to add any external resistance in series with the overall power factor p.f . = 700 7
= lagging.
rotor circuit for starting purpose. 58 × 100 58

Electrical Machine–II 373 YCT

82. In 3-phase induction motor, the relative speed Ans. (d) : Universal motor are used in mixers, portable
of stator flux with respect to _____is zero. tools and vacuum cleaners. Universal motor can run on
(a) rotor (b) stator winding both DC and single phase AC supply. Thus universal
(c) rotor flux (d) space motor are also called single phase series motor.
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I 86. A ceiling fan uses
Ans. (c) : In a three phase induction motors, speed of (a) split phase motor
stator flux = Ns (Synchronous speed). (b) capacitor start and capacitor run motor
Speed of rotor flux = Ns (synchronous speed) (c) universal motor
• Thus relative speed of stator and rotor flux (d) capacitor start motor
= Stator flux speed - rotor flux speed SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II
= N s − Ns SSC JE 2008
=0 Ans. (b) : A ceiling fan uses capacitor start and
Speed of rotor = Nr capacitor run motor. A single phase induction motor
consists of a single phase winding on the stator and a cage
• Relative speed of stator flux and rotor winding on the rotor. The problem with this motor is that it
= Stator flux speed − rotor speed is not self starting. So to make the ceiling fan self starting a
= N s − Nr capacitor connected in series with starting winding.
Speed of stator winding = 0 87. Which one of the following is the type of single
• Relative speed of stator flux and stator winding. phase induction motor having the highest
= Stator flux speed − stator winding power factor at full load?
= Ns – 0 (a) Shaded pole type
= Ns (b) Split-phase type
83. When the frequency of the rotor of an induction (c) Capacitor-start type
motor is small, it can be measured by.......... (d) Capacitor-run type
(a) Galvanometer SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I
(b) D.C. moving coil milli–voltmeter Ans. (d) :
(c) D.C. moving coil ammeter
(d) A.C. voltmeter
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans : (b) The frequency of the rotor an induction motor
is small it can be measured by the D.C. moving coil
milli-voltmeter.

Shown above the capacitor run motor, in this motor

II. AC Single Phase Induction capacitor is connected at all time from starting to
Motor and Special Type of running condition. Due to capacitor it has highest power
Motor factor at full load.
88. If the capacitor of a single-phase motor is
84. A universal motor can run on : short-circuited
(a) A.C. only (b) D.C. only (a) the motor will not start
(c) either A.C. or D.C. (d) None of these (b) the motor will run
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I (c) the motor will run in reverse direction
SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II (d) the motor will run in the same direction at
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II reduced r.p.m.
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2013 SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : A universal motor can operate on both a.c. Ans : (a) If the capacitor is short circuited, there will be
and d.c. power and uses an electromagnet as its stator no starting torque and as single phase induction motor,
and creates a magnetic field. Universal motors are used there is no phase difference between starting and
in portable drills, washing machines. Blowers and running winding. So it is not self starting, it will not
kitchen appliances and they are also used for numerous start rotating.
different purposes where speed control and high quality 89. In a capacitor start single phase induction
of speed are necessary. motor the current in the
(a) Supply lines leads the voltage
85. The drive motor used in a mixer grinder is a/an (b) main winding leads the voltage
(a) dc motor (b) induction motor (c) starting winding lags the voltage
(c) synchronous motor (d) universal motor (d) starting winding leads the voltage
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
SSC JE 2015 SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 374 YCT
Ans. (d) : 9. Which of the following motors is preferred for
tape-recorders?
(a) Two value capacitor motor
(b) Universal motor
(c) Shaded pole motor
(d) Hysteresis motor
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 2015
Ans. : (d) A hysteresis motor is a sub classification of
synchronous motor, these are motors are mainly used in a
noiseless operating environment with constant speed.
φ = φ m − φs Application:- Sound recording and sound producing
In capacitor start motor the capacitor attached causes instruments like electric clocks, tape recorders, record
current in starting winding to lead the voltage. players etc.
90. Which of the following motor is used in 92. The shaded pole motor is used for:
household refrigerator? (a) very high starting torque application
(a) Synchronous motor (b) high starting torque application
(b) D.C. shunt motor (c) low starting torque application
(c) 3-phase induction motor (d) medium starting torque application
(d) 1-phase induction motor SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2010 Ans. (c) : Shaded pole motor- A shaded pole induction
Ans. : (d) Split phase capacitor start induction motor is motor is a simple 1− φ induction motor which is self-
used for a refrigerator. Capacitor Run induction motor is starting with its poles shaded by the copper ring or bar.
used for room cooler, the universal motor is used in drill  It rotates only in one direction by induction
machine, hooter, mixing machine, repulsion motor is principle with the help of shading ring.
used for the compressor.  Starting torque induced in the motor is very low,
therefore it used for low starting torque application.
93. Which of the following motors is most suitable
for signaling devices and timer?
(a) D.C. series motor
(b) D.C. shunt motor
(c) Two phase induction motor
(d) Reluctance motor
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans : (d) A reluctance motor is type of electric motor that
induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic
rotor. The rotor of a reluctance motor is basically a squirrel
cage with some rotor teeth removal. Torque is generated
through the phenomenon of magnetic reluctance.
94. Reluctance torque in rotating machines is
present when
(a) air-gap is not uniform.
(b) reluctance seen by rotor m.m.f. is constant.
(c) reluctance seen by rotor m.m.f. varies.
(d) reluctance seen by working m.m.f. varies
T ∝ sin α SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-II
91. The starting torque of a 1–phase induction SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-II
motor is : Ans : (d) Magnetic flux has a tendency to follow
(a) High (b) Moderate minimum reluctance path which lead to production of
(c) Low (d) Zero reluctance torque.
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I Reluctance torque can be produced only when the
Ans. (d) : Starting torque of single phase induction reluctance seen by the working flux or working mmf
motor is zero single phase induction motor is not self changes with the rotor movement.
starting because according to double revolving theory 95. The universal motor speed can be controlled by:
forward and backward torque is equal. These motors are (a) Centrifugal mechanism only
commonly used for domestic purpose two windings are (b) Resistance method only
used in this motor. One is primary winding and another is (c) Any one of the given three methods
secondary winding for the development of starting torque, (d) Tapped field method only
rotating air gap field at starting must be introduced. SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 375 YCT
Ans : (c) Speed of the universal motor can be controlled by 100. In a single-phase capacitor start-and-run
(i) Centrifugal mechanism motor, the minimum number of capacitors to
(ii) Resistance method be used in it is-
(iii) Tapped field method (a) 1 (b) 2
96. Capacitor start and capacitor run motors are (c) 3 (d) 4
used in SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
(a) Hoists (b) Rolling mills Ans. (a) : In a single phase capacitor start and run
(c) Mining (d) Refrigerators motor the minimum number of capacitor can be used is
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II 1 and maximum 2. In 1-φ capacitor start and run
Ans. (d) : Capacitor start and capacitor run motors are Induction motor two capacitors are required. One is for
used in refrigerators. starting purpose and the other one is used to improve pf
The capacitor start capacitor run motor has a cage rotor at running time. The pf of capacitor start and capacitor
and its stator has two windings known as main and run induction motor is highest torque.
auxiliary windings. The two windings are displaced 90º 101. Split-phase, capacitor and shaded-pole single-
in space. phase motors classified as-
(a) Un-excited synchronous motors
(b) Single phase induction motors
(c) Repulsion motors
(d) A.C. series motors
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
Ans. (b) : Split-phase, capacitor & shaded-pole motor
97. A single phase Hysteresis motor are types of single phase induction motor. Single phase
(a) Can run at synchronous speed only motor is not self starting motor.
(b) can run at sub synchronous speed only 102. _______motor is referred to as a universal
(c) can run at synchronous and super motor?
synchronous speed (a) Single phase induction
(d) can run at synchronous and sub synchronous (b) Synchronous
speed
(c) Series
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
(d) Shunt
Ans : (a) A single phase Hysteresis motor can run at
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
synchronous speed only. The rotor of hysteresis motor
has no winding, no teeth rather ferromagnetic material Ans. (c) : Series motor can be operated with AC as well
is used. This type of motor is smooth running, quiet in as DC therefore also known as universal motor.
operation single phase motor and is used for quality 103. The resistive component of the rotor with
sound reproduction, equipment like record players, tape resistance R2 offered to the backward rotating
recorders etc. flux wave in a single-phase motor runs with slip
98. Two-value capacitor motor finds increased s is given as
application as compressor motor in small home R2 R2
air-conditioners because (a) (b)
s 1+ s
(a) it is comparatively cheaper R2 R2
(b) it has almost non-destructible capacitor (c) (d)
(c) It has low starting as well as running currents 2−s 1− s
at relatively high power factor SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
(d) It is quiet in operation Ans. (c) : The effective rotor resistance with respect to
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I R2
backward rotating flux is
Ans : (c) Two value capacitor motor finds increased 2−s
application as compressor motor in small home air -
104. What is the reason behind using a centrifugal
conditioners because it has low starting as well as
running current at relatively high power factor. switch in a single phase induction motor?
(a) To protect the motor from overloading
99. In a capacitor start motor, the phase
(b) To improve the starting performance of the
displacement between starting and running
winding can be nearly motor
(a) 10o (b) 30o (c) To cut-off the starting winding at an
(c) 60 o
(d) 90o appropriate instant
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I (d) To cut in the capacitor during running
ESIC JE-2016 conditions.
Ans : (d) In a capacitor start motor, the phase SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
displacement between starting and running winding can Ans. (c) : A centrifugal switch help to cut off starting
be nearly 90o. winding at an appropriate instant.

Electrical Machine–II 376 YCT

105. In which single-phase motor, the rotor has no
teeth or winding?
(a) Split phase motor (b) Reluctance motor
(c) Hysteresis motor (d) Universal motor
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Ans. (c) : Hysteresis motor is defined as a synchronous
motor that is having cylindrical rotor and works on
hysteresis losses induced in the rotor of hardened steel
with high retentivity.
The main advantages of hysteresis motor is that it has
no teeth and no winding in rotor, no mechanical
vibrations during its operation. Its operation is quiet and
noiseless as there is no vibrations.
106. The least expensive fractional horse power
motor is -----------motor: 109. The capacitors used in single–phase capacitor
(a) capacitor start (b) split phase motors have no :
(c) A.C. series (d) shaded pole (a) voltage rating (b) dielectric medium
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I (c) polarity marking (d) definite value
Ans: (d) A shaded pole type motor is small in size and SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
less expensive to manufacture. These motors are also Ans. (c) : The capacitors used in a single phase
called as fractional (kW) motors because most of these capacitor motor have no polarity marking. The capacitor
motors are constructed in fractions (Kilo-Watt) capacity. alters the current to one or more windings of a single
107. A universal motor can be operated on 220 V phase AC induction motor to create a rotating magnetic
field. A capacitor is used to develop starting torque by
d.c. as well 220 V single-phase a.c. which of the creating a phase shift between currents.
following will be same in the two case?
(a) Operating speed 110. When the load on a reluctance motor is
increased so that it cannot maintain
(b) Power output
synchronous speed the motor will :
(c) Operating speed and power output (a) become unstable
(d) None of the above (b) draw excessive armature current and may
SSC JE 2007 burn out
Ans. : (d) (c) fall out of synchronism and come to stand
still
(d) run as induction motor
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans. (d) : When the load on a reluctance motor is
increased so that it cannot maintain synchronous speed
the motor will run as induction motor. Motor will work
as an induction motor it can not maintain synchronous
In AC, the speed for a load torque is less than DC. speed. Reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that
So, neither the speed nor the power output is same for induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the
DC and AC. The lower speed on AC supply than they ferromagnetic rotor. Torque generated through
run on DC supply of same voltage is due to reactance Magnetic Reluctance Phenomena.
voltage drop which is present in AC and not in D.C. 111. The rotor of a hysteresis motor is made of :
108. A single phase motor is made self-starting by the (a) aluminium (b) cast iron
addition of a/an– (c) chrome steel (d) copper
(a) Running winding (b) Starting winding SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
(c) Electric starter (d) Auto transformer Ans. (c) : The rotor of hysteresis motor is made of
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I chrome steel. The stator of this motor is split phase.
SSC JE 2010 There are no teeth in its rotor winding. This motor runs
Ans. : (b) Single phase induction motor:- A single at synchronous speed. This motor is used for quality
phase induction motor consists of a single phase sound reproduction equipment like record players, tape
winding on the stator and a cage winding on the rotor. recorders etc.
When 1-φ supply is given to the stator, A pulsating 112. The direction of rotation of hysteresis motor is
magnetic field is produced and rotor does not rotate due reversed by :
to inertia thus it is not a self starting motor. (a) Shift shaded pole with respect to main pole
To make it self starting an extra winding called starting (b) Reversing supply lead
or auxiliary winding is connected in parallel with main (c) Either (a) or (b)
winding of stator to produce phase difference and torque (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
to make the motor self starting. SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 377 YCT
Ans. : (a) The direction of rotation of hysteresis motor
is reversed by shifting shaded pole with respect to main
pole.
In hysteresis motor there is no rotor winding application
of hysteresis motor is tape recording, sound
reproduction etc.
113. If the centrifugal switch of a two–value
capacitor motor using two capacitors fails to
open then : 117. Based on revolving field theory, the forward and
(a) motor will not come up to speed backward frequencies of the rotor emf of a 4-
(b) motor will not carry the load pole, 50 Hz, single- phase induction motor when
(c) current drawn by the motor will be running at 1300 rpm in the same direction of the
excessively high forward field are respectively
(d) electrolytic capacitor will, in all probability, (a) 107.69 Hz, 7.69 Hz (b) 93.33 Hz, 6.67 Hz
suffer break down (c) 7.69 Hz, 107.69 Hz (d) 6.67 Hz, 93.33 Hz
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I SSC JE 2012
Ans : (d) If the centrifugal switch of a two-value capacitor Ans: (d) Forward field slip speed-
motor using two capacitor fails to open then electrolytic N − Nr
SF = s
capacitor will in all probability suffer break down. Ns
114. In a capacitor start single–phase motor, when then,
capacitor is replaced by a resistance : 120f 120 × 50
(a) torque will increase Ns = = = 1500 rpm
(b) the motor will consume less power P 4
(c) motor will run in reverse direction 1500 − 1300
SF = = 0.133
(d) motor will continue to run in same direction 1500
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I then
Ans : (d) In a capacitor start single phase motor, when Rotor frequency due to forward field (fr (f)) =
capacitor is replaced by a resistance motor will continue SF ×f = 0.133×50 = 6.67Hz
to run in same direction because when capacitor is Now
replaced by resistor its starting current will lagging with Backward slip of an induction motor -
small angle from applied voltage so motor will get Sb = ( 2 − Sf ) = 2 − 0.133 = 1.87
sufficient phase difference to run. Rotor frequency due to back ward field (fr(b)) =
115. Theory involved in analysis of the performance Sb×f = 1.87×50 = 93.35Hz
of single phase induction motor is : 118. A hysteresis motor :
(a) Double field revolving theory (a) is not a self–starting motor
(b) cross field theory (b) is a constant speed motor
(c) Double field revolving theory and cross field (c) needs dc excitation
theory both (d) can not be run in reverse speed
(d) None of these SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I Ans : (b) A hysteresis motor is constant speed motor.
Ans : (c) The performance of the single phase induction Torque speed characteristic of hysteresis motor since, at
motor is analysed by the two theories. One is known as the synchronous speed, the torque developed by
the double Revolving Field theory and the other is cross induction motor becomes zero, where as in the
field theory. hysteresis motor torque is constant at all the speed even
116. Hysteresis motor is particularly useful for at the synchronous speed.
high–quality record players and tape recorders hysteresis motor is smoothest running, quietest single
because : phase motor and is used for quality sound reproduction
(a) It revolves synchronously equipment like record players, tape recorders etc.
(b) It is not subject to any magnetic or 119. In a hysteresis motor, the rotor must have :
mechanical vibrations (a) retentivity (b) resistivity
(c) It can be easily manufactured in extremely (c) susceptibility (d) None of these
small sizes SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
(d) It develops hysteresis torque which is Ans : (a) The rotor of the hysteresis motor is the
extremely steady both in amplitude and phase smooth cylindrical type which is made up of hard
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I magnetic material like chrome steel or alnico that has
Ans : (d) Hysteresis motor is particularly useful for high retentivity and coercivity. It is the capacity of an
high quality record players and tape recorders because it object to retain magnetism after the action of the
develops hysteresis torque which is extremely steady magnetizing force has cleared this requires selecting a
both in amplitude and phase. material with high hysteresis loop area.

Electrical Machine–II 378 YCT

120. In a split phase motor : start relay and winding of the motor. It also provides
(a) the starting winding is connected through a current to the starting winding of the motor. The starting
centrifugal switch winding provides sufficient torque so that the motor
(b) the running winding is connected through a start running. As the motor speed increases, the torque
centrifugal switch requirement decreases and here by current required by
(c) both starting and running windings are the motor also decreases. The current in starting relay is
connected through a centrifugal switch not able to hold the relay and get released which opens
(d) centrifugal switch is used to control supply the starting winding contacts. Therefore starting
voltage winding get disconnected.
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II 122. The motor used on small lathes is usually :
Ans : (a) In split phase motor the starting winding is (a) universal motor
connected through a centrifugal switch. (b) D.C. shunt motor
(c) single–phase capacitor run motor
(d) 3–phase capacitor run motor
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 2015
Ans : (c) Single-phase capacitor run motor is used for
small lathes.
123. If the centrifugal switch does not open at 70 to
80 percent of synchronous speed of motor, it
would result in :
(a) damage to the starting winding
(b) damage to the centrifugal switch
A centrifugal switch which is normally closed and (c) overloading of running winding
connected in series with the starting winding. When the (d) None of these
motor comes up to speed about 75% of synchronous SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
speed. It opens automatically due to centrifugal force Ans : (a) If the centrifugal switch does not open at 70 to
and put the starting winding out of the circuit. It is 80 percent of synchronous speed of motor it would
important that the centrifugal switch should open other result in damage to the starting winding.
wise the auxiliary winding being made of thin wire will 124. The ratio of no load current to full load current
be overheated and thus burns. of a single phase induction motor
121. Starting winding of a single phase motor of a (a) 0.1 (b) 0.2
refrigerator is disconnected from the circuit by (c) 0.4 (d) 0.8
means of a : SSC JE 2011, Shift-II
(a) magnetic relay (b) thermal relay Ans: (c) The ratio of no load current to full load
(c) centrifugal switch (d) None of these current of single phase induction motor is around 40
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II to 50% of full load current.
Ans : (a) The function of starting winding provided in No load current
the refrigerator is to start the split – phase induction i.e = 0.4
motor by connecting the auxiliary winding or starting Full load current
winding across the main supply in addition to the main 125. Which of the following equipments has the
winding at the time of starting. This helps to make the lowest power factor?
split–phase induction motor as a self-induction motor. (a) Fully loaded induction motor
For disconnecting the starting winding of a split phase (b) Immersion heater
motor can be done by using a centrifugal switch. (c) Incandescent lamp
Another method of disconnecting the auxiliary winding (d) Arc lamp
when the motor has picked up speed is by using an SSC JE 2011, Shift-II
electromagnetic relay. Ans: (d) Arc lamp has the lowest power factor. In
induction motor the power factor varies in accordance
with the load. Unloaded or lightly load motor exhibit
low power factor.
• Arc lamps operate at low lagging power factor.
• Arc lamps are very high lagging load, therefore
their power factor is very low.
126. As compared to a split phase motor, a
capacitor start motor has..............
(a) higher starting torque
electromagnetic relay used in split–phase motor (b) lower starting torque
The torque required to start the motor is significantly (c) higher running torque
more than needed in the running condition at the (d) None of these
starting time of the motor, electrical power is given to SSC JE 02.03.2017, Shift-II
Electrical Machine–II 379 YCT
Ans : (a) As compared to a split phase motor, capacitor Ans. : (c) A starting winding, also known as the
start motor has higher starting torque. The capacitor auxiliary winding, is used to create the torque needed to
start motor developed a much higher starting torque start a single phase induction motor. This winding
about to 3 to 4.5 times of the full load torque. To obtain produce rotating flux in this type of motor by changing
high starting torque the two condition are essential the relationship of the current in relation to the voltage.
 The starting capacitor value must be large. 131. For a single phase capacitor start induction
 The resistance of starting winding must be high. motor which of the following statements is valid?
[Link] single phase Induction Motor (IM) which (a) The capacitor is used for power factor
does not have centrifugal switch is improvement
(a) capacitor start single phase IM (b) The direction of rotation can be changed by
(b) resistance split single phase IM reversing the main winding terminals
(c) capacitor start capacitor run single phase IM (c) The direction of rotation cannot be changed
(d) permanent capacitor run single phase IM (d) The direction of rotation can be changed by
SSC JE 2013 interchanging the supply terminals
Ans: (d) In permanent capacitor run, single phase SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
Induction motor a single capacitor is connected in Ans : (b) In a single phase capacitor start induction
series with the auxiliary winding permanently thus the motor, the direction of rotation can be changed either by
winding and the capacitor remains energised for both reversing the main winding or auxiliary winding
starting and running. terminals.
If both winding reversed then direction will not change.

[Link] single-phase ac motors A and B operate

from a 1000 V supply. A consumes 2 kW at a
power factor of 0.8 (lagging) and B consumes 1
kW at a power factor of 0.5 (lagging). The total
current drawn from the supply is approximately.
(a) 4.5 A (b) 2.1 A
(c) 4.41 A (d) 9 A 132. If a single phase induction motor runs slower
SSC JE 2013 than normal, the most likely defect is
Ans:(a) V1 = 1000 V, P1=2 kW = cosφ1 = 0.8 (a) worn bearings
V2 = 1000 Volt P2 = 1 kW cos φ2 = 0.5 (b) short circuit in the winding
P1 2000 (c) open-circuit in the winding
I1 = = =2.5 A (d) None of these
V1Cosφ1 1000 × 0.8 SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
P2 1000 Ans : (a) A single phase induction motor runs slower
I2 = = =2A
V2 Cosφ2 1000 × 0.5 than normal due to worn bearings. When capacitor
I = I1 +I2 value is below design value, phase shift is smaller,
I = 2.5 + 2 means smaller torque and not enough force for running.
I = 4.5 A 133. The capacity of Single phase induction motor is
[Link] the centrifugal switch of a single-phase limited by
resistance split induction motor does not open (a) Pulsating torque (b) uniform torque
after starting of motor, the motor (c) non uniform torque (d) None of these
(a) will run above normal speed SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
(b) will run below normal speed Ans : (a) The capacity of single phase induction motor
(c) will draw very small current is limited by pulsating torque. Pulsating torque
(d) will draw high current and get over-heated produces noise in motor. Pulsating torque also increases
SSC JE 2013 heating of single phase motor that produces cooling
Ans: (d) If the centrifugal switch is failed or not open problem in motor and the size of motor has to be
then the starting winding will draw very high current increased. It is clear that single phase motor can not be
and it may burn the auxiliary winding. designed in larger size.
130. The purpose of starting winding in a single- 134. Which of the following motor will give
phase induction motor is to? relatively high starting torque?
(a) Limit temperature rise of the machine. (a) Capacitor end motor
(b) Reduce losses. (b) Capacitor start motor
(c) Produce rotating flux in conjunction with (c) Split phase motor
main winding. (d) Split motor
(d) Increase losses. SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2015 SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 380 YCT
Ans : (b) Capacitor start motor relatively provides high 140. If running winding of a single-phase induction
starting torque. The starting characteristics of capacitor motor is short circuited
start motor is better than split phase motor. These are (a) run slower
used in compressor, large fans pumps and etc. (b) spark at light loads
135. Both main winding and auxiliary winding of a (c) draw excessive current and overheat
single phase induction motor is placed on the (d) None of these
…….? SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
(a) both stator and rotor Ans : (c) If running winding of a single phase induction
(b) stator motor is short circuit it draw excessive current and
(c) rotor overheat.
(d) neither stator nor rotor
141. In a two value capacitor motor, the capacitor
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
used for running purpose is
Ans. (b) : The stator winding in the induction motor has (a) air capacitor
two parts main winding and auxiliary winding. Usually
auxiliary winding is perpendicular to the main winding. (b) paper spaced oil filled type
(c) ceramic type
136. Lower efficiency, lower power factor, are the
(d) a.c. electrolytic type
features of which of the following motors?
(a) Single phase induction motor SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
(b) Three phase induction motor Ans : (b) In a two value capacitor motor the capacitor
(c) Three phase synchronous motor used for running purpose is paper spaced oil filled type.
(d) DC shunt motor While starting purpose electrolytic capacitor is used.
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II The value of starting capacitor of a fractional horse
Ans. (a) : Single phase induction motors- The electrical power (FHP) motor will be 300µF and running
power factor and efficiency of single phase induction capacitor is 40µF.
motor is low as compare to three phase induction motor 142. The starting winding of a single-phase motor is
and synchronous motor. placed in.
Single phase induction motor's has low torque its use in (a) Rotor (b) Stator
domestic and other business function it is low horse (c) Armature (d) Field
power motor. SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
137. The wattage rating of a single phase induction SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I
motor used as a ceiling fan will be in the range Ans. (b) : The starting winding of a single phase
of…………? induction motor is placed in stator. Stator of a single
(a) 200 to 500 W (b) 600 to 800 W
phase induction motor carries running winding and
(c) 50 to 150 W (d) 10 to 50 W
another winding that is known as starting or auxiliary
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II winding. Both windings are connected to each other at a
Ans. (c) : Single phase induction motor used as a phase difference of 90o. The starting winding usually
ceiling fan has a rating of 50 to 150 W. consists of a resistor and capacitor.
A permanent capacitor induction motor is used in this.
143. In a capacitor start and run motors the
138. ……..type of single phase induction motor function of the running capacitor in series with
operates at better power factor at full load?
the auxiliary winding is to.......
(a) Capacitor-start, Capacitor-run
(a) improve power factor
(b) Resistance Split-phase
(b) increase overload capacity
(c) Shaded pole
(d) Capacitor-start, induction-run (c) reduce fluctuations in torque
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II (d) to improve torque
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans. (a) : Capacitor-start, capacitor run motor has better
running power factor and efficiency and smoother. Ans : (a) Work of capacitor start and run motors are to
modify power factor. This motor works as a two phase
139. In a capacitor start single-phase induction
motor, the capacitor is connected induction motor in running and starting both condition.
(a) in series with main winding This motor has good starting and running power factor.
(b) in series with auxiliary winding value of used starting capacitor in this motor is 10 to 15
(c) in series with both the winding times of running capacitor.
(d) in parallel with auxiliary winding 144. At what angle difference is the main winding
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I and the start winding separated in a split phase
Ans : (b) In a capacitor start single phase induction capacitor start induction motor?
motor, the capacitor is connected in series with (a) 30° mechanical (b) 90° electrical
auxiliary winding. Single phase induction motor are not (c) 45° electrical (d) 45° mechanical
self-starting without an auxiliary stator winding driven SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II
by an out of phase current of near 90°, once started then Ans. (b) : A split phase induction motor it is also called
auxiliary winding is removed. a resistance start motor.

Electrical Machine–II 381 YCT

 The main field winding and the starting winding are Ans : (a)
displaced 90º in space like the windings in a two-
phase induction motor.
 The main winding has very low resistance and high
inductive reactance.
145. The current in a starting winding of a split-
phase single phase motor is:
(a) leading with respect to voltage of the main
winding
(b) in phase with the supply voltage In the diagram, It can be clearly seen that centrifugal
(c) leading with respect to current of the main switch is used in capacitor start motor. It disconnects
winding the starting winding. A capacitor start motor is a single
phase induction motor that employs a capacitor in the
(d) in phase with the voltage of the main winding
auxiliary winding circuit to produce greater phase
SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II difference between the current in the main and
Ans (c) : The split phase induction motor is provided auxiliary windings.
with an auxiliary or starting winding in addition to Capacitor start motor develops a much high starting
main or running winding. torque of about 3 to 4.5 times of the full load torque.
The starting winding is located 90º electrical from the 148. In a split phase motor, the running winding
main winding and the current in a starting winding of a
should have
split phase motor leading with respect to current of the
main winding. (a) High resistance and low inductance
(b) High resistance as well as high inductance
(c) Low resistance and high inductance
(d) Low resistance as well as low inductance
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : In single phase motor to make the motor self
starting main winding is split in two parts, one is called
the stator winding or running winding and another
winding is called starting or auxiliary winding.
Main winding has high reactance and low resistance
while starting winding has low reactance and high
resistance.
Phase splitting is done to produce starting torque
as T ∝ Is I m sin α

146. The rotor of a single phase induction motor is

running at N rpm, what is the slip with respect
to forward rotating flux? Where,
Is = starting winding current
N
(a) (b) (NS–N) /NS Im = main winding current
Ns α = phase split angle
(c) (N + NS)/NS (d) (N–NS)/NS 149. The power factor of a single–phase induction
SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II motor is usually……..
Ans (b) : The rotor of a single phase induction motor is (a) lagging (b) always leading
running at N rpm, then the slip with respect to forward (c) unity (d) unity to 0.8 leading
rotating flux. SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
Rotor speed = N
Ans : (a) In AC. Circuits power factor is the ratio of the
For forward rotating
real power that is used to do work and the apparent
N −N power that is supplied to the circuit. The power factor of
Slip (s)= S
NS a single phase induction motor is usually lagging.
147. A centrifugal switch is provided for 150. If starting winding of a single-phase induction
disconnecting the auxiliary winding in a …..... motor is left in the circuit, it will
(a) Capacitor–start motor (a) run faster
(b) Capacitor run motor (b) spark at light loads
(c) Reluctance motor (c) draw excessive current and overheat
(d) Hysteresis motor (d) run slower
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II
Electrical Machine–II 382 YCT
Ans. (c) : A single phase induction motor consists of a 154. A vacuum cleaner employs______motor.
single phase winding on the stator and a cage winding (a) resistance split phase (b) capacitor start
on the rotor. When a single phase supply is connected to (c) shaded pole (d) single phase series
stator winding a pulsating magnetic field is produced. If SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
starting winding of single phase induction motor is left Ans: (d) Vaccum cleaner employs single phase series
in the circuit, it will draw excessive current and motor.
overheat. 155. At starting the current through the starting
151. In case of permanent split capacitor one-phase winding (IS) of single phase induction motor
induction motor, the starting torque is: (a) lags 'V' by 90°
(a) 25% of the maximum torque (b) leads 'V' by 90°
(b) 0 Nm (c) is nearly in phase with 'V'
(c) 5% of the maximum torque (d) leads 'V' by 75°
(d) – 25% of the maximum torque SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II Ans: (c) At starting the current through starting
Ans (a) : In case of permanent split capacitor single winding (IS) of a single phase induction motor is
phase induction motor, the starting torque is 25% of the nearly in phase with supply voltage.
maximum torque. The two value capacitor motor 156. In a single phase induction motor at start, the two
employs different values of capacitor for running and revolving fields produce
starting. Therefore. both optimum starting and running (a) unequal torques in the rotor conductors
performance can be obtained. (b) no torque in the rotor conductor
152. In case of capacitor start capacitor run one (c) equal and opposite torques in the rotor
phase induction motor, two capacitors are conductors
used. A capacitor with .......... value is required (d) equal torques in same direction in the rotor
for optimum running conditions which is conductors
connected permanently in series with the SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
auxiliary winding. Ans: (c) At the time of starting of 1-φ, induction
(a) Three fourth times the starting capacitor motor forward field and backward field produce equal
(b) Less than one-fifth of starting capacitor and opposite torques in rotor conductor, it will
(c) Equal to starting capacitor produce torques with forward slip (s) and backward
(d) Two times the value of the starting capacitor slip (2-s) respectively.
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II 157. In a single phase induction motor, speed
Ans (b) : In case of capacitor start , capacitor run one- sensitive centrifugal switch is connected in
phase induction motor, two capacitors are used. A ______ winding.
capacitor with less than one-fifth of starting capacitor (a) parallel with main
value is required for optimum running conditions which (b) series with main
is connected permanently in series with the auxiliary (c) parallel with starting
winding. When the motor attains 70% of synchronous (d) series with starting
speed the starting capacitor (CS) is taken out of circuit SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
by the operation of centrifugal switch. Ans: (d) In a certain type of single phase induction
153. In a single-phase single-winding induction motor, a centrifugal switch is employed, which
machine, single-phase AC supply is applied to disconnects starting winding when motor attains 70-
the machine when the rotor is at rest. Choose 75% of synchronous speed. It means a speed sensitive
the INCORRECT statement. switch is used in series with starting winding.
(a) The stator winding gives rise to an MMF 158. A capacitor motor has difficulty of starting.
whose axis is along the winding. What is the probable cause?
(b) The machine produces a rotating MMF at (a) Reversed magnetic field
synchronous speed. (b) Shorted commutator segments
(c) The nature of the MMF is pulsating. (c) Shorted windings
(d) MMF is stationary in space and varying in (d) All options are correct
magnitude. SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I
SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II Ans : (c) A capacitor motor has difficulty of starting. It
Ans (b) : In a single phase single winding induction is due to shorted winding.
machine, single phase AC supply is applied to the There can be various causes for a capacitor motor to fail
machine when the rotor is at rest. at starting.
• MMF is stationary in space and varying in magnitude. (i) Defective capacitor
• The nature of the MMF is pulsating. (ii) Short circuited winding
• The winding gives rise to an MMF whose axis is (iii) Low voltage
along the winding. (iv) Blown fuses

Electrical Machine–II 383 YCT

159. After the starting winding is disconnected from Ans : (a) The cost of the capacitor start method is slightly
the circuit, the motor continues to run only on higher than the split-phase method but due to the high
the.............. starting torque and high power factor, this method is the
(a) squirrel-cage winding most economical method to start a single phase motor.
(b) running winding 164. The squirrel–cage winding of a single–phase
(c) magnetic winding motor is placed in the ................
(d) compensating winding (a) Armature (b) Stator
SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I (c) Rotor (d) Field
Ans : (b) After the starting winding is disconnected SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
from the circuit, the motor continues to run only on the Ans : (c) The squirrel case winding of a single phase motor
running winding. is placed in the rotor of single phase induction motor.
160. The capacitor, commonly used for ceiling fan The squirrel cage rotor consist of aluminum, brass or
motor has a value of 2.3µF. The type of copper bars.
capacitor used is generally_____: 165. The m.m.f produced by a single phase winding
(a) Paper capacitor is...............
(b) Electrolyte capacitor (a) Pulsating and stationary
(c) Parallel plate with mica dielectric (b) Pulsating and rotating
(d) None of these (c) Constant in amplitude and stationary
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I (d) Constant in amplitude and rotating
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II
Ans : (a) The capacitor, commonly used for ceiling fan
Ans : (a) The mmf produced by a single phase winding
motor has a value of 2.3 µF. The type of capacitor used
is pulsating and stationary i.e. is not rotating.
is generally paper capacitor. This capacitor is made by
wrapping paper between metal layer. The range of this 166. A single-phase induction motor with single
capacitor ranges 0.005 µF to thousand of µF and 100V stator winding inherently has _____ starting
torque.
to thousand volts.
(a) zero (b) finite but moderate
161. Before a capacitor-start motor can reverse its (c) finite but large (d) infinite
direction of rotation the____: SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
(a) centrifugal switch must be opened
Ans. (a) : The single-phase induction motors are not
(b) running winding must be opened self-starting because they produce stator flux which is
(c) starting winding must be connected to the line alternating in nature and at the starting the two
(d) capacitor connections must be changed component of this flux cancel each other and hence the
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I net torque will be zero.
Ans : (c) Before a Capacitor-start motor can reverse its 167. For a single-phase motor of 2 hp rating, supply
direction of rotation the starting winding must be voltage is 240 V ac. If the efficiency is 70% and
connected to the line. Single phase induction motor can power factor is 0.8, find the input current.
run in two directions. To reverse it, we need to change (a) 19.95 A (b) 15.95 A
the direction of rotating magnetic field produced by (c) 10.95 A (d) 17.95 A
main and starting winding. The direction of rotation of a SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
single phase capacitor run induction motor is reversed Ans : (c) Given,
by interchanging the terminal of auxiliary winding or Output power = 2HP = 2× 735.5 Watt
running winding. V= 240 Volt
162. The value of the capacitor in a capacitor start cosφ=0.8
motor controls the efficiency (η) = 70% = 0.7
(a) Starting torque (b) Speed of the motor Output power
(c) Efficiency (d) None of these η=
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II Input power
Ans : (a) The value of the capacitor in a capacitor start 2 × 735.5 2 × 735.5
0.7 = =
motor control the low value of the capacitor is used in VI cos φ 240 × I × 0.8
the motor the phase angle between the starting and 2 × 735.5
running winding will be reduced and the motor can't I=
generate enough torque to rotate the rotor. 240 × 0.7 × 0.8
=10.95A
163. Which of the following is most economical
method for starting single–phase motor? 168. Which of the following machines has high
(a) Capacitor start method power factor and efficiency under running
(b) Split–phase method condition?
(c) Induction–start method (a) Capacitor-start single-phase induction motor
(d) Resistance–start method (b) Two-value capacitor single-phase induction
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-II motor
Electrical Machine–II 384 YCT
 (c) Resistance split-phase single-phase induction When the speed, reaches 75% of their rated speed,
motor auxiliary winding are remove from the circuit, this is
(d) Shaded-pole single-phase induction motor done in capacitor-start capacitor run, single phase
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II induction motor.
Ans. (b) : In two value capacitor single phase induction 172. In a single phase repulsion motor, torque is
motor, there are one main capacitor and second developed on the rotor when the brush axis is
auxiliary capacitor, there is very high power factor and fixed
high efficiency under running condition. (a) At 90 degree electrical with the stator field axis
169. A 220-V, 50-Hz, 6-pole, single-phase induction (b) In alignment with the stator field axis
motor runs with 3% slip. Determine the rotor (c) At an acute angle with the stator field axis
speed. (d) At 90 degree mechanical with the stator field
(a) 728 rpm (b) 1455 rpm axis
(c) 970 rpm (d) 960 rpm SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II Ans. (c) : In a single phase repulsion motor, torque is
Ans. (c) : Slip = 3% = 0.03 developed on the rotor when the brush axis is fixed at
Ns = Synchronous speed an acute angle with the stator field axis.
120f 120 × 50 To obtain maximum torque the angle of axis of 450.
= = = 1000 rpm Therefore, the repulsion motor develops maximum
P 6 torque when the brush axis adjusted at 450 from the field
Nr = Ns (1-s) = 1000 (1-0.03) = 970 rpm pole axis.
170. In a single-phase, single-winding induction 173. Which of the machines given in the options has
motor, let Ns be the synchronous speed and N the sketched phasor diagram (a) at the time of
be the rotor speed. What will be the rotor slip starting and (b) at the running condition,
with respect to the backward rotating field? where Ia is the current in auxiliary winding and
Ns − N Ns + N Im is the current in main winding?
(a) (b)
N Ns
Ns − N Ns + N
(c) (d)
Ns N
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (b) : Backward speed of Rotor Nr = −N
N − N r Ns − ( − N ) Ns + N
Slip = s = =
Ns Ns Ns
(a) Single-phase, capacitor start induction motor
171. Which type of motor could provide the given (b) Single-phase, resistance split-phase induction
speed-torque characteristics? motor
(c) Single-phase, single-value capacitor start and
run induction motor
(d) Single-phase, capacitor start and capacitor run
induction motor
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : From the phase diagram (a), angle between
the auxiliary winding current and main winding current
(a) Single-phase hysteresis motor is greater than 90º that means auxiliary winding consist
(b) Permanently connected capacitor-run single- of a large value of capacitor which made auxiliary
phase induction motor winding current leading in nature.
(c) Capacitor-start capacitor-run, single-phase From phasor diagram (b), the angle between auxiliary
induction motor winding current and main winding current is exactly 90º
(d) Shaded-pole single-phase induction motor winding capacitor is exactly equal to the inductance of
main winding.
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
Hence single phase capacitor start and capacitor run
Ans. (c) : induction motor has given phasor diagrams at starting
and running condition.
174. In a single-phase, resistance split-phase motor,
the phase difference between the currents in
the auxiliary winding and the main winding is
approximately ______.
(a) 30º electrical (b) 30º mechanical
(c) 60º mechanical (d) 60º electrical
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I

Electrical Machine–II 385 YCT

Ans. (a) : In a single phase, resistance split phase 177. A shaded pole motor is basically a______
motor, the phase difference between the currents in motor.
auxiliary and main field winding is approximately 30º (a) synchronous
electrical. (b) shunt
175. The main and auxiliary winding impedance of (c) series
a 50-Hz, capacitor-start single-phase induction (d) single phase induction
motor are Zm =(3+j3)Ω and Za = (7+j3)Ω. SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
Determine the value of the capacitor to be Ans. (d) : A Shaded pole motor is a single phase
connected in series with the auxiliary winding induction motor and it is normally similar to a series
to achieve a phase difference of 90º between the motor.
currents of the two windings at start.
(a) 22.5µF (b) 318µF 178. Reduction in the capacitance of a capacitor
start motor results in reduced..............
(c) 31.8µF (d) 225µF
(a) Noise (b) Speed
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
(c) Starting torque (d) Armature reaction
Ans. (b) : Given - Auxiliary winding impedance (Za) =
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
7 + 3j main winding impedance (Zm) = 3 + 3j
frequency = 50 Hz. Ans. (c) : As we know that starting torque of a capacitor
Let capacitive reactance -jXc is added in auxiliary start motor is –
winding. Ts = K Im Ia sin φ
So, When the reduction in the capacitance of a capacitor
Za= 7+3j -jXc then phase angle between starting and main winding
= 7+ j (3-Xc) reduce and thus by reduction in the capacitance of a
 3 − Xc  capacitor start motor results in reduced the starting
Angle ( φ1 ) = tan −1   torque.
 7 
179. A single-phase induction motor with only the
and Zm = 3+3j
main winding excited would exhibit the
Angle ( φ2 ) = tan −1 (1) = 45º following response at synchronous speed
Given, phase difference between two winding is 90º (a) Rotor current is zero
φ1 − φ2 = 90º (b) Rotor current is non-zero and is at slip
frequency
 3 − Xc 
tan −1   − 45 = 90 (c) Forward and backward rotating fields are
 7  equal
 3 − Xc  (d) forward rotating field is more than the
tan −1   = 135 ( tan135º = −1) backward rotating field
 7 
3 − Xc SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
= −1 Ans. (d) : As we know that, induced emf in rotor under
7
running condition is
3 − X c = −7
Sf E2f and Sb E2b
Xc = 10 SfE2f < Sb E2b
1 Sf = Forward slip
⇒ XC = 10 ⇒ = 10
ωC Sb = backward slip
1 I2f < I2b
= 10 φ2f < φ2b
2π × 50 × C
1 φRf > φRb
C= Where φRf = φf - φ2f
1000π
φRb = φb - φ2b
C = 3.18×10-4 F
Hence a single phase induction motor with only the
C = 318×10-6F = 318µF main winding excited would exhibit the forward
176. Which of the following single-phase induction rotating field is more than backward rotating field.
motors is generally used in time phonographs?
180. The electric motor used in portable drills
(a) Resistance start
is............
(b) Capacitor start capacitor run
(a) capacitor run motor (b) hysteresis motor
(c) Shaded pole
(d) Universal (c) universal motor (d) repulsion motor
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans : (c) Single-phase shaded pole induction motor is Ans. (c) : The electric motor used in portable drills is
generally used in time phonographs. Because it has low universal motor. This motor work both AC and DC.
starting and running torque. In this motor maximum Application of universal motor are vacuum cleaner, hair
efficiency is 35%. dryer, grinder or mixer etc.

Electrical Machine–II 386 YCT

181. The range of efficiency for shaded pole motors Ans. (d) : The repulsion start induction run motor is
is used because of high starting torque. When the value of
(a) 95% to 99% (b) 80% to 90% α is 450, the starting and running torque of this motor is
(c) 50% to 75% (d) 5% to 35% maximum. At starting it starts as D.C. series motor and
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
is equivalent to induction motor while running.
LMRC JE 2015
186. A shaded pole motor can be used for :
Ans. (d) : A shaded pole motor is small, squirrel – cage (a) toys (b) hair dryers
motor in which the auxiliary winding is composed of (c) circulators (d) any of the option
copper ring or bar surrounding a portion of each pole. SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
and their ranges of efficiency vary from 5% to 35%. Ans. (d) : A shaded pole motor can be used for toys,
182. The direction of rotation of universal motor hair dryers and electric watches. The running and
can be reversed by reversing the flow of starting torque of this motor is very low. So this is also
current through............. used in air conditioning and refrigeration equipment and
(a) armature winding cooling fans. These are very cheap and reliable and easy
(b) field winding to construct low efficiency extremely rugged in nature.
(c) either armature winding or field winding 187. Locked rotor current of a shaded pole motor is :
(d) None of these (a) equal to full load current
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II(b) less than full load current
Ans. (c) : The direction of rotation of a universal motor (c) slightly more than full load current
can be reversed by reversing the flow of current through (d) none of the above
either armature winding or field winding wound on the SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
core in opposite direction so that the one connected in
Ans : (c) Locked rotor current of shaded pole motor is
series with armature give clockwise rotation while the
slightly more than full load current. Shaded pole motor
other in series with the armature given counter clock
is used for toys.
wise rotation. The range of efficiency for shaded pole motor is 5% to
183. Which of the following motors has two 35%.
separate windings on the motor? 188.. AC series motors are built with as few turns as
(a) Repulsion motor possible to reduce
(b) Repulsion induction motor (a) flux (b) reactance
(c) Repulsion start induction run motor (c) iron losses (d) speed
(d) None of these SSC JE 2012
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans: (b) AC series motors are built with a few turns
Ans. (b) : Repulsion type induction motor works on the
as possible to reduce the reactance.
combined principle of repulsion and Induction. It
189. Universal motor is a _______motor.
consists:-
(a) series
 Stator Winding.
(b) single phase induction
 Two rotor winding:- One squirrel cage and other usual
(c) synchronous
d.c. Winding connected to the commutator and brush
(d) shunt
assembly similar to that of a direct current (dc) motor.
 A Short circuit contact of two brushes. It produces a high SSC JE 2012
Ans: (a) Universal motor is a commutated series
torque (Starting) entirely due to repulsion motor action.
184. In a shaded pole single– phase motor, the wound motor where the stator field coils are
revolving field is produced by the use of : connected in series with the rotor winding through a
(a) inductor (b) capacitor commutator. It is often referred to an AC series motor.
(c) resistor (d) shading coils 190. Which of the following motors can work
satisfactorily on both AC and DC?
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : In a shaded pole single phase motor, shading (a) Series motor (b) Shunt motor
coils are used to produce revolving field, shaded pole (c) Induction motor (d) Synchronous motor
single phase motors are used in toys. The direction of SSC JE 2012
rotation of this motor is towards unshaded part from Ans:(a) Series motor is a commutator-type motor. If
the polarity of the line terminals of a dc series motor
shaded part. The efficiency of this motor is very less as
is reversed, the motor will continue to run in the same
5% to 35%. A shading coil is a single turn of electric
conductor located in face of magnetic assembly. direction. It might be expected that a dc series motor
would operate an alternating current also,
185. The repulsion–start induction–run motor is
used because of …….. For positive half T ∝ KI1I 2 Where I1= I2 = I
(a) good power factor (b) high efficiency For negative half = T ∝ K ( −I1 )( −I 2 )
(c) minimum cost (d) high starting torque
T ∝ K I1 I2
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I Direction of speed will be same in both condition.

Electrical Machine–II 387 YCT

191. Each of the following statements regarding a 196. The function of compensation winding in AC
shaded pole motor is true except : series motor is to………..
(a) it has very poor power (a) Improve commutation
(b) its direction of rotation is from unshaded to (b) Reduced the armature resistance
shaded portion of poles. (c) Increase field flux
(c) it has very poor efficiency. (d) Reduce the effects of armature reaction
(d) it has high starting torque. SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
SSC JE 2015 Ans. (d): The function of compensation winding in
Ans. : (d) Shaded pole motor has very low starting A.C. series motor is to reduce the effect of armature
torque and very poor efficiency. Used in exhaust fans, reaction. Compensation Winding A.C. or D.C. current
hair dryers and small toys. with the pole face of the machine and connected in
series with the armature.
192. Which of the following comes under the
category of single phase commutator motors? 197. Short circuiter is used in
(a) Universal motor (a) repulsion induction motor
(b) Capacitor start motor (b) repulsion motor
(c) Shaded pole motor (c) repulsion start induction run motor
(d) Resistance start motor (d) None of these
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans. (a) : Universal motor:- The universal motor is a Ans : (c) The repulsion-start induction run motor has
type of electric motor that can operate on either AC or the same general construction of a repulsion motor. The
DC power and use an electromagnet as its stator to only difference is that in addition to the basic repulsion-
motor construction. It is equipped with a centrifugal
create its magnetic field. The following single phase
device fitted on the armature shaft.
motor fall under the category of commutator motor.
When the motor reaches 75% of its full running speed,
(i) series motor (ii) universal motor (iii) repulsion motor
the centrifugal device force a short-circuiting ring to
(iv) repulsion induction motor. come in contact with the inner surface of the
193. A/An……………………is used in domestic commutator. This short circuits all the commutator bars.
mixers? The rotor then resembles squirrel cage type and the
(a) shaded pole motor motor runs as a single phase induction motor.
(b) permanent magnet synchronous motor 198. Which of the following statements regarding
(c) induction motor repulsion-start induction motor is incorrect?
(d) universal motor (a) It requires more maintenance of commutator
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II and other mechanical devices
Ans. (d) : Universal motor- It can work on AC as well (b) It makes quite a bit of noise on starting
DC supply with high speed. (c) In fractional horse power motors, it has
Universal motors have high starting torque, can run replaced the capacitor motors
high speed and are light weight and compact. (d) It is not easy reversed
194. Which of the following motors can be SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
connected across single phase AC supply? Ans : (c) Repulsion start induction motor requires more
(a) DC shunt motor maintenance of commutator and other mechanical
(b) Differential compound motor device it makes quite a bit of noise starting and it is not
(c) Cumulative compound motor easily reversed.
(d) DC series motor 199. Which of the following motors will be used in
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II electric clocks
Ans. (d) :DC series motor, A dc series motor is capable (a) D.C. series motor
of running when supplied with single phase AC supply. (b) D.C. shunt motor
this is because the torque, which varies as the product of (c) A.C. synchronous motor
armature and field current is always positive. (d) A.C. induction motor
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
195. Which of the following decides the direction of
Ans : (c) Synchronous motor are used for applications
rotation of a shaded pole motor? where precise and constant speed is required. Low
(a) Frequency of supply power application of these motor include positioning
(b) Stator poles machine. These are also applied in robot actuators, Ball
(c) Supply voltage mills, clocks, record player turntables also make used of
(d) Shaded and unshaded portion of the pole synchronous motors.
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II 200. Which of the following motors can be used for
Ans. (d) : By shaded and unshaded portion of the pole. unity power factor?
It's easy to determine the direction of rotation of a (a) Capacitor run motor (b) Shaded pole motor
shaded pole motor. The rotor will always run from middle (c) Hysteresis motor (d) Schrage motor
of the pole towards the shaded portion of the pole. SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I

Electrical Machine–II 388 YCT

Ans. (d) : Schrage Motor :– It is a poly phase (a) 51 Nm (b) 4.3 Nm
commutator motor with shunt characteristics, in which (c) 43 Nm (d) 5.1 Nm
rotor carries two windings of which one receive current SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II
from the supply by means of collector rings, while other Ans (a) : Given that,
is connected to commutator. It is used for unity power Pout = 8kW = 8000 watt
factor. Speed and power factor of this motor can be
controlled together. 120f
Ns = {f = 50Hz, P = 4}
201. The direction of rotation of a hysteresis motor P
is determined by 120 × 50
Ns = = 1500 rpm
(a) interchanging the supply leads 4
(b) position of shaded pole with respect to main
N s = 1500 rpm
pole
(c) retentivity of the rotor material 9.55 × Pout
(d) none of these Load torque ( TL ) =
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II N
Ans : (b) The direction of rotation of a hysteresis motor 9.55×8000
TL =
is determined by position of shaded pole with respect to 1500
main pole. TL = 50.93
202. The purpose of stator winding in the TL ≅ 51 N − m
compensated repulsion motor is to
(a) provide mechanical balance 206. How to extract maximum torque in a single
(b) improve power factor and provide better phase repulsion type motor?
speed regulation (a) The angle between brush axis and stator field
(c) prevent hunting in the motor axis must be equal to 180o
(d) eliminate armature reaction (b) The angle between brush axis and stator field
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II axis must be equal to 0o
Ans : (b) The purpose of stator winding in the (c) The angle between brush axis and stator field
compensated repulsion motor is to improve power axis must be equal to 90o
factor and provide better speed regulation. This motor is (d) The angle between brush axis and stator field
a commutator type motor. The value of running torque axis must be equal to 45o
is maximum in this motor, when the value of α is 45º. SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II
Repulsion motor behaves as a D.C. series motor. Ans (d) : Torque in 1-φ repulsion type motor
203. A hysteresis motor works on the principle of
T = KIs2 N s2 sin 2α
(a) hysteresis loss
(b) magnetization of rotor Where α = angle between brush axis and stator field
(c) eddy current loss axis
(d) electromagnetic induction For maximum torque
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II sin 2α = 1
Ans : (a) A hysteresis motor work on the principle of sin 2α = sin 90º
hysteresis loss. It is a loss occurred due to 2α = 90º
magnetization and demagnetization of the material
depending on the direction of flow of current. α = 45º
204. Select the INCORRECT option with respect to 207. A reluctance motor :
repulsion type motor. (a) is self–starting
(a) Commutator is used (b) is constant speed motor
(b) One stator winding (c) needs no D.C. excitation
(c) Rotor similar to squirrel cage induction motor (d) all options are correct
(d) A set of brushes used SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II
Ans : (d) Reluctance motor is a kind of synchronous
Ans (c) : The repulsion - induction motor produces a motor which runs at constant speed. It induces non-
high starting torque entirely due to repulsion motor permanent magnetic poles on ferromagnetic rotor.
action it functions through a combination of induction-
Reluctance motor operates on the principle that forces
motor and repulsion motor action.
are established that tends to cause iron poles carrying a
• Commutator is used.
magnetic flux to align with each.
• One stator winding.
The reluctance motor has the following advantages-
• A set of brushes used.
 No. d.c. supply is necessary for the rotor
205. A 8-kW, 4-pole, 220-V, 50-Hz reluctance motor  constant speed characteristics
o
has a torque angle of 30 when operating under
 robust construction
rated load conditions. Calculate the load
torque.  less maintenance.
Electrical Machine–II 389 YCT
208. The speed control of a universal motor used for Ans. (d) : Schrage motor is basically an inverted poly
sewing machines is done by …… phase induction motor with primary winding on rotor
(a) Friction and secondary winding on stator. The primary winding
(b) Varying the resistance on the rotor is fed through three slip rings and brushes
(c) Tapping the field at line frequency. Schrage motor can be used for any of
(d) Centrifugal mechanism positive, negative or zero slip.
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II 213. Shaded pole induction motor is usually ..........
Ans : (b) The speed control of a universal motor used in efficiency, and built ..... hp
for sewing machines is done by varying the resistance. (a) low, around 1
In this resistance method for speed control of a (b) high, Around 1
universal motor, speed is controlled by connecting (c) low, around 1/20 to 1/2
variable resistance in series with motors. (d) high, around 2
In sewing machines, amount of resistance in motor SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II
power circuit can be changed by means of foot pedal. Ans : (c) Shaded pole induction motor is usually low in
209. Hysteresis motors are suitable for …….. efficiency, and built around 1/20 to 1/2 HP.
(a) fans (b) blowers The main drawbacks of shaded-pole motors-
(c) sound equipment (d) mixer grinders • Very low starting torque.
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II • Very low efficiency, 5% to 35% depending upon the
Ans : (c) Hysteresis motor is a single phase (1-φ) rating of the machine.
synchronous motor which runs at constant speed and It is • Very low power factor.
vibration free so this is used in sound equipments. It • Very low overload capacity.
operates in both single and three phase supply. This type of 214. A single-phase universal motor is operated with
motor is smooth running quietest single phase motor used AC source. The torque of the motor during the
in tape recorders, record players. negative half cycle of the input current:
210. Which of the following statements regarding (a) is zero
hysteresis motor incorrect? (b) follows the same pattern of the torque caused
(a) It is extremely sensitive to fluctuations in by the positive half-cycle of the input current
supply voltage (c) is negative
(b) It is extremely insensitive to fluctuations in (d) is half of the torque caused by the positive
supply voltage half cycle of the input current
(c) It is extremely hard in operation SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II
(d) It is extremely quiet in operation Ans (b) : A single phase universal motor is operated
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II with A.C. source the torque of the motor during the
Ans. (a): Hysteresis motor is synchronous motor with negative half cycle of the input current follows the
uniform air gap and without DC, excitation. So it is same pattern of the torque caused by the positive half
extremely insensitive to fluctuations in supply voltage. cycle of the input current since both armature current
It is a smoothest running quietest single or three phase and flux reverse simultaneously, the torque always acts
motor and preferred for quality sound production in the same direction.
equipment like record players, tape recorders etc. 215. A hybrid stepping motor has eight poles which
211. In repulsion motor direction of rotation of have been castellated to have six teeth each. If
motor the rotor has 60 teeth, calculate the stepping
(a) is opposite to that of brush shift angle.
(b) is the same as that of brush shift (a) 3o (b) 1.8o
(c) is independent of brush shift (c) 3.6o (d) 1.5o
(d) None of these SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II Ans (d) Number of teeth in stator Ns = 6×8 = 48
Ans. (b) : Direction of rotation of repulsion motor is the Number of teeth in rotor, Nr = 60
same as that of brush shift. The direction of rotation is N − Ns
Step angle, α = r × 360º
determined by position of brushes with respect to the Ns × N r
magnetic field of stator. If the brushes are shifted
clockwise from the main magnetic axis. The motor will 60 − 48
= × 360º
rotate in clockwise direction. Brush shift also controls 60 × 48
the speed of repulsion motor. α = 1.5º
212. A schrage motor can run on [Link] of the following single phase motors is
(a) zero slip available with speed as low as one revolution per
(b) negative slip minute?
(c) positive slip (a) Shaded pole (b) Reluctance
(d) all options are correct (c) Hysteresis (d) Universal
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 390 YCT
 Ans: (a) Shaded pole motor is available in the range 221. A universal motor is said to be inductively
1 1 compensated when compensating winding:
of to kW and are used in application such as (a) is short circuited on itself
30 20
(b) is not used
toys, hair dryer, exhaust fan etc.
(c) large reactance
217. Which of the following is an unexcited single- (d) is kept open
phase synchronous motor? SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
(a) AC series motor (b) Repulsion motor
Ans. (a) : A universal motor is said to be inductively
(c) Universal motor (d) Reluctance motor compensated when compensating winding is short
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-II circuited on itself.
Ans. (d) : Usually unexcited single phase synchronous • The compensating winding may be simply shorted
motor runs at constant speed equal to synchronous upon itself, so that it behave like short circuited
speed of revolving flux. They do not need a d.c. secondary of transformer (the armature winding acting
excitation for their rotors. That's why they are called as as primary).
unexcited single phase synchronous motors. Reluctance • It is used to eliminate the armature reaction.
motor and hysteresis motor are kinds of these motors. • It is provided on the pole phase of dc machine &
218. Which of the following is true about low connected in series with armature.
frequency operation of A.C. series motor? 222. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic
(a) It improves its commutation property but of hysteresis motor?
affects adversely the p.f. and efficiency (a) Low noise (b) Unslotted rotor
(b) It improves its commutation property, p.f. (c) Smooth running (d) High power
and efficiency SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I
(c) It affects adversely commutation but Ans. (d) : A hysteresis motor is a synchronous motor
improves p.f. and efficiency with uniform air gap and without DC excitation. It
(d) None of these operates in both 1-phase and 3 phase supply.
SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I • Torque is produced in hysteresis motor due to
Ans : (b) For low frequency operation of A.C. series hysteresis and eddy current induced in the rotor by the
motor, it improves its commutation property, p.f. and action of rotating flux of the stator winding.
efficiency. In an A.C. series motor, the poles are always
laminated. Reducing the power-factor (cosφ) in the
motor, torque (T) in the motor also reduces.
T = kφI cosφ
219. A repulsion start induction-run motor runs as
an induction motor when the_____:
(a) commutator segments are short circuited
(b) brushes are shifted to a neutral plane
(c) shorting devices are disconnected Characteristics of Hysteresis motor−
(d) stator connections are reversed (1) Less noise (2) Smooth running
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I (3) Unslotted rotor (4) Low power
Ans : (a) The behaviour of the repulsion start induction 223. Shaded pole motors are built commercially
run motor is the combination of repulsion motor and an with the capacity of_____.
induction motor. The repulsion start induction run (a) 5 kW and above (b) 1 kW to 5 kW
motor has the advantages of high starting torque and (c) 500 W to 1 kW (d) 3 W to 125 W
good speed regulation. They started as repulsion motor SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
but once they are running at a fraction of full speed the Ans. (d) : Shaded pole motor, are used for very light
brushes will be shifted mechanically and all load application, like a trimmer, toys, hairdryer, hence
commutator bars are short-circuited together to create the power capacity of 3W to 125W.
the equivalent of a squirrel cage induction motor. 224. The rotor of a hysteresis motor is made of
220. The repulsion motor starts and runs as a____: ceramic permanent magnet material, which
(a) split-phase motor causes:
(b) capacitor-start motor (a) no eddy current losses
(c) repulsion motor (b) stationary flux
(d) compound motor (c) no hysteresis losses
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I (d) high eddy current losses
Ans : (c) The repulsion motor start and runs as a SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
repulsion motor. When stator is connected to A.C. Ans. (a) : The rotor of a hysteresis motor is made of
supply then induced emf in the armature winding due to ceramic permanent magnet material, which causes no
the transformation process by the field which eddy current losses in motor, hence efficiency is better
establishes its own magnetic field. of this motor due to less loss.

Electrical Machine–II 391 YCT

225. Choose the INCORRECT statement with 229. Three single-excited electromagnetic structures
respect to single-phase hysteresis motor. are shown in the figures labelled I, II, and III
(a) The phenomenon of hysteresis causes the (R-Rotor, S- Stator). The reluctance torque can
rotor magnetization to lag behind the stator- be developed in ......... .
created MMF wave.
(b) The rotor is a smooth solid cylinder of hard
steel and does not carry and winding.
(c) The hysteresis motor has a low noise figure
compared to the single-phase induction motor.
(d) The stator is wound with only one winding (a) I and II (b) Only I
without capacitor. (c) II and III (d) Only II
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : In single phase hysteresis motor, the rotor is a Ans : (d)
smooth solid cylinder of hard steel and does not carry
any winding, the phenomenon of hysteresis causes the
motor magnetization to lag behind the stator created
MMF wave.
226. Starting current of a straight type repulsion
motor is about _____ its full load value.
(a) The same as (b) 7 to 10 times
(c) 3 to 4 times (d) half Figure (1) shows cylindrical type rotor in which
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I reluctance torque does not apply on rotor.
Ans. (c) : Starting current is more (approx 3 to 4 times In figure (2), Rotor is of salient type and stator has the
of it full load) in straight type repulsion motor. supply, Hence reluctance torque will obtain.
Repulsion motor works on similar poles repel each In figure (3) rotor is of salient type. Hence reluctance
other concept. torque will not obtained due to bad construction.
Electromagnetic torque of repulsion motor Te = K (i) It is constant type motor
(Stator field strength) (Rotor field strength) × sin α (ii) Its rotor is unsymmetrical, so reluctance torque is
obtained.
α = angle between stator field and brush axis.
main application of this motor coil winders. 230. Speed of the ceiling fan is about :
(a) up to 10 rpm (b) up to 200 rpm
227. Reluctance motor is basically:
(c) up to 450 rpm (d) up to 10000 rpm
(a) a DC shunt motor
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
(b) a servo motor
(c) a single-phase synchronous motor Ans : (c) The ceiling fan use single-phase induction
(d) a DC series motor motor (permanent capacitor motor) the speed of ceiling
fan is about 450 rpm and the supply rating is between
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
55-120 watts.
Ans. (c) : Reluctance motor is basically a single phase
synchronous motor. Rotor of reluctance motor is non- 231. A two-value capacitor-run motor starts with a
cylindrical in nature (Asymmetric). The reluctance _____ capacitor and runs with a
torque is produced due to the tendency of the rotor to _____capacitor.
align itself in the minimum reluctance position with (a) high; low (b) low; low
respect to the rotating flux of the forward field. (c) high; high (d) low; high
228. A hybrid VR stepping motor has 8 main poles SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
which have been castellated to have 5 teeth Ans. (a) : A two value capacitor run motor start with
each. If the rotor has 50 teeth. calculate the high capacitor which provides high starting torque and
stepping angle. runs with a low capacitor. It has a combined
(a) 1.8º (b) 18º characteristic of capacitor start and capacitor run motor.
(c) 3.6º (d) 36º It runs very quickly at full load. The value of starting
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I capacitor is 300µf and running capacitor is 40µf.
Ans. (a) : Given that, 232. An unexcited single phase synchronous motor
Stator pole = 8, 5 teeth in each pole. is called as
Total stator teeth = 8×5 =40 (a) universal motor (b) repulsion motor
rotor teeth = 50 (c) AC series motor (d) reluctance motor
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
Step angle of hybrid VR motor =
( Ns − N r ) × 360º Ans : (d) An unexcited single phase synchronous motor
N s .N r is called as reluctance motor. Torque of reluctance
( 50 − 40 ) 10 motor depends on the position of rotor. Salient pole
β= × 360º = × 360o type rotor is used for reluctance motor. It works for high
50 × 40 2000 load. Starting of reluctance motor is as similar as
β = 1.8º induction motor and it runs on synchronous speed.

Electrical Machine–II 392 YCT

 Nr = Rotor speed (Actually)
III. Synchronous Motor We know that synchronous motor is running at
Synchronous speed at full load.
233. V-Curves for a synchronous motor represent Nr = Ns
the relation between
(a) Armature current and field current N − Ns
slip = s ×100% = 0%
(b) Field current and speed Ns
(c) Field current and power factor 236. The maximum power for a given excitation in a
(d) Power factor and speed synchronous motor is developed when the
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I power angle is equal to
Ans. (a) : V-Curves for a synchronous motor represent (a) 0º (b) 45º
the relation between armature current (Ia) and field (c) 60º (d) 90º
current (If). At no load the curve is obtained as V-curve SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
since the shape of these curves is similar to the letter
"V", thus they are called V-Curve of synchronous Ans. (d) : We know that,
motor. VE f sin δ
P=
Xs
Ef V
Pmax =
Xs
This occurs at sin δ = 1
or δ = 900
237. In a synchronous motor, the magnitude of back
e.m.f. depends on ……..
(a) speed of the motor
(b) d.c. excitation only
(c) load on the motor
234. If the field of a synchronous motor is under (d) both the speed and rotor flux
excited the power factor is SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
(a) Lagging (b) Leading SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
(c) Unity (d) More than Unity Ans. (b) : In a synchronous motor, the magnitude of
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I back e.m.f. (electro motive force) depends on D.C.
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II excitation only in this motor the stability also increases
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I with increase in excitation. When the load at normal
Ans. (a) : If the field of a synchronous motor is under excitation increases in this motor, power factor
excited then the power factor is lagging. decreases but armature current increases. Stability limit
is lower in this motor for low values of an SCR. The
ideal condition on No-load can be assumed by
neglecting various losses in motor.
238. The speed regulation of a synchronous motor is
always :
(a) 0.005 (b) 0.01
(c) zero (d) positive
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans : (c) The speed regulation of a synchronous motor
is always zero because this motor runs at synchronous
speed.
235. The full load slip of a synchronous motor is %Speed Regulation = N nl − N fl × 100
______. N fl
(a) 4% (b) 6%
(c) 0% (d) 2% N nl = No load speed
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II Nfl = Full load speed
SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I N nl = N fl
SSC JE 2007
speed regulation = 0
Ans. (c) : The full load slip is 0%-
239. The synchronous capacitor is:
Ns − N r (a) an ordinary static capacitor bank
Slip = ×100%
Ns (b) an over-excited synchronous motor driving a
Ns = Synchronous speed mechanical load

Electrical Machine–II 393 YCT

 (c) an over-excited synchronous motor running 243. When the load on synchronous motor running
without a mechanical load with normal excitation is increased, armature
(d) an under-excited synchronous motor driving current drawn by it increase because :
a mechanical load (a) Net resultant voltage ER in armature is increased
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I (b) Power factor is decreased
Ans : (c) The synchronous capacitor is an over excited (c) Motor speed is reduced
synchronous motor running without a mechanical load. (d) Back e.m.f. Eb becomes less than applied
In the power factor correction synchronous capacitors voltage V
are used. SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans : (a) When load of a synchronous motor running
with normal excitation is increased, armature current
drawn by it increases because, net resultant voltage ER
in armature is increased.
244. In a synchronous motor, the rotor copper
losses are met by :
(a) Supply mains (b) Armature input
(c) Motor input (d) DC source
240. What will be the rotation speed of a 3-phase, 4- SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
pole, 50 Hz synchronous motor, if the
Ans : (d) The rotor copper losses in a synchronous
frequency number of poles and load torque is motor depends on load and they are met by DC source.
halved?
(a) 3000 RPM (b) 750 RPM 245. The machine used for power factor correction is :
(a) Induction generator (b) Universal motor
(c) 6000 RPM (d) 1500 RPM
(c) Stepper motor (d) Synchronous
SSC JE 2010 motor
Ans : (d) According to given question– SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
fs 50 Ans : (d) Synchronous motor is used for power factor
f= = = 25 Hz correction when the synchronous motor is under no load and
2 2
over excited condition. It acts as synchronous capacitor.
p 4
P= = =2 246. In a synchronous motor, the negative phase
2 2 sequence exists when the motor is
120f (a) under-loaded
Ns = (b) supplied with unbalanced voltage
P
(c) over-loaded
120 × 25 (d) None of these
Ns =
2 SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 2009
Ns = 1500 rpm
Ans : (b) In synchronous motor, the negative phase
241. In a synchronous motor.............. sequence exists when the motor is supplied with
(a) the rotor mmf and stator mmf are stationary unbalanced voltage. Unbalanced supply will cause an
with respect to each other unequal displacement of the voltages, producing a
(b) the speed of rotor mmf is slightly less than negative phase sequence voltage, that will cause
the speed of stator mmf overheating particularly in rotating parts.
(c) the speed to rotor mmf is slightly more than 247. What is the Synchronizing power of a
the speed of stator mmf synchronous machine?
(d) None of these (a) Directly proportional to the synchronous
reactance
SSC JE 01.03.2017, Shift-I
(b) Equal to the synchronous reactance
SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I
(c) Inversely proportional to the synchronous
Ans : (a) In a synchronous motor, the rotor m.m.f. and reactance
stator m.m.f. are stationary with respect to each other. (d) None of these
242. In synchronous machines, the shaft is made up of- SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
(a) Mild steel (b) Chrome steel SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I
(c) Alnico (d) Stainless steel Ans : (c) Synchronizing power is defined as the varying
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II of the synchronous power P on varying in the load angle
Ans. (a) : The shaft of synchronous machine is made up δ. It is also called stiffness of coupling, stability or
mild steel. rigidity factor. It is represented as Psyn
A mild steel (iron containing a small percentage of carbon E V
be a tough but not readily tempered) is the more common Psyn = f t cos δ
form of steel because its price is relatively low and has Xs
good material properties acceptance to shaft of machine. Xs= synchronous reactance

Electrical Machine–II 394 YCT

 Psyn = synchronizing power Ans : (a) Synchronous motor works on leading power
δ = load angle factor when it’s over excited. Synchronous motor is
Va= terminal voltage used as power factor improvement. It is also known as
E = back e.m.f synchronous compensator, or synchronous phase
modifier.
1
Psyn ∝ 252. A synchronous motor can be used as a
Xs synchronous capacitor when it is
(a) Over loaded (b) Under loaded
(c) Over excited (d) under excited
SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Ans. (c) : Reactive power of a synchronous motor can
be given by-
V
Q= ( V − E f cos δ )
XS
When E f cos δ > V then motor said to be over-excited
248. In a synchronous motor hunting takes place and operate at leading power factor. Therefore a
(a) when load varies synchronous motor can be used as synchronous capacitor
(b) motor is under loaded when it is over-excited with no mechanical load.
(c) when power factor is unity 253. Synchronous motors generally have____:
(d) when supply voltage fluctuates (a) cylindrical rotor
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II (b) salient pole rotor
Ans. (a) : The word hunting is used in synchronous (c) Both cylindrical and salient pole rotor
motor due to sudden application of load. The rotor has (d) None of these
to search or hunt for its new equilibrium position. That SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-I
phenomenon is referred as hunting in synchronous Ans : (b) Synchronous motor generally have salient
motor. It occurs due to periodic variation of load, A pole rotor. In salient pole rotor construction the pole
load containing harmonic torque in supply system, face is shaped as radial airgap length increases from the
change in field current are causes of hunting. pole centre to the pole tip so that the flux distribution in
249. Identify the INCORRECT statement with the airgap is sinusoidal in shape which will help the
regards to synchronous motors. machine to generate sinusoidal emf.
(a) It is a self-starting machine 254. In a synchronous motor hunting occurs due
(b) It is a constant speed motor to............
(c) The field winding is placed on the rotor (a) Over-excitation
(d) The armature winding is placed on the stator (b) Over-loading for long periods
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I (c) Periodic variation of load
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II (d) Small and constant load
Ans. (a): Synchronous motor is not a self-starting SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I
motor. It requires other equipment like damper winding Ans. (c) : The word hunting is used because after the
for starting. The speed of synchronous motor does not sudden application of load. The rotor has to search or
depend on load condition. Speed always remain hunt for its new equilibrium position. That phenomenon
constant from no load to full load. is referred to hunting in synchronous motor. Hunting in
250. Hunting occurs in a/an __ motor. synchronous motor occurs due to periodic variation of
(a) DC series (b) DC shunt load. Sudden change in field current fault in supply
(c) synchronous (d) induction system, A load containing harmonic torque is cause of
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I Hunting in synchronous motor.
Ans. (c) : Sudden change of load on synchronous 255. An electric motor in which both rotor and
motors may sometimes set up oscillations that are stator field rotate with the same speed is called:
superimposed upon normal rotation, resulting in (a) Universal motor (b) Charge motor
periodic variation of a very low frequency in speed (c) Synchronous motor (d) DC motor
occurs and this effect is known as hunting. SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I
251. When over excited, synchronous motor has: SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
(a) Leading power factor Ans. (c) : A synchronous motor is one in which the
(b) Zero power factor rotor normally rotates at the same speed as the speed of
(c) Unity power factor revolving field in the machine. If the rotor speed is
(d) Lagging power factor made equal to that of the stator field and there is no load
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I torque, these two magnetic fields will tend to align with
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II each other.
Electrical Machine–II 395 YCT
256. When the excitation of normally operating s=0
unloaded salient-pole synchronous motor 120f
suddenly gets disconnected, it continues to run Ns =
P
as a
Ns = Synchronous speed of motor (in rpm)
(a) Schrage motor
Nr = Synchronous speed of rotor (in rpm)
(b) Spherical motor
f = Supply frequency
(c) switched-reluctance motor
(d) Variable-reluctance motor P = Number of poles
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II 259. Which of the following type of motor is not self
Ans. (d) : Salient pole synchronous motor has starting?
reluctance power existed even if the excitation is (a) Synchronous motor
removed. Reluctance torque is present as armature (b) DC series motor
reaction flux has a tendency to pass through the field (c) Induction motor with medium slip
structure along its minimum reluctance path. (d) Induction motor with high slip
For salient pole machine power, SSC JE 2015
Ans. (a) : A 3 − φ synchronous motor is not self starting
because the speed at which the magnetic field is rotating
is so high that it is unable to rotate the rotor from its
initial position.
260. Variation in dc excitation of a Synchronous
motor causes variation in
So after removing excitation electromagnetic torque is (a) Speed of motor
zero but motor continues to run as variable reluctance (b) Power factor
motor due to reluctance power. (c) Armature current
257. The minimum armature current of the (d) Both armature current and power factor
3 - φ synchronous motor is corresponding to : SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
(a) Zero power factor SSC JE 2010
(b) Unity power factor Ans. : (d)
(c) 0.8 power factor lagging
(d) 0.8 power factor leading
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
SSC JE 2008
Ans. (b) : The minimum armature current of
synchronous motor is obtained at unity power factor. It
is clear from the V-curve of synchronous motor.

Due to variation in dc excitation of synchronous motor

power factor and armature current will change, it can be
seen by V curve.
261. Synchronous motor will stop when
(a) load in motor varies
(b) supply voltage fluctuates
(c) excitation winding gets disconnected
(d) supply voltage frequency changes
258. Synchronous motor runs at: SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
(a) High speed Ans : (c) Synchronous motor will stop when excitation
(b) Constant speed winding gets-disconnected because when excitation
(c) Below synchronous speed winding will be open, the value of Eb will be minimum.
(d) Above Ns Therefore speed will be minimum so motor will stop.
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
262. While starting a synchronous motor as
Ans. (b) : Synchronous motor runs only at the induction motor, field winding is
synchronous speed. Synchronous speed is fixed or
(a) kept open-circuited
constant with respect to load because its slip value is
zero. (b) short–circuited by low resistance
(c) connected to D.C. supply
N − Nr (d) none of these
s= s ( ∵ N s = N r)
Ns SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 396 YCT
Ans : (b) While starting a synchronous motor as induction Ans. (b):The damper winding consists of short circuited
copper bars embedded in the face of the rotor poles. So
motor, field winding is short-circuited by low resistance. In
this method, number of poles in induction motor are less the oscillations in synchronous motor can be damped
than number of poles in synchronous motor. out by providing damper bars in the rotor pole faces.
263. Synchronous motor only runs at 267. Which of the following can be measured by
(a) less than synchronous speed conducting insulation resistance test on a
(b) more than synchronous speed synchronous motor?
(c) the synchronous speed (a) Phase to phase winding resistance
(d) None of these (b) Rotor winding to earthed shaft
(c) Stator winding to earthed frame
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
(d) All options are correct
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
Ans : (c) Synchronous motor run only at the Ans. (d) : Phase to phase winding resistance, Rotor
synchronous speed. Because value of slip is zero. winding to earthed shaft and stator winding to earthed
N − Nr frame resistance can be measured by conducting insulation
s= S , ( NS = N r ) resistance test on a synchronous motor.
NS
s=0 268. The under-excited synchronous motor takes......
(a) leading current
120f (b) lagging current
NS =
P (c) both leading current and lagging current
Where NS = Synchronous speed. (d) none of these
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II
Nr = Rotor speed.
Ans. (b) : If field current is decreased below unity
f = Supply frequency power factor, in this condition, motor will draw
P = Number of pole. lagging current thus an under excited synchronous
264. If the synchronous motor, properly motor draws lagging current.
synchronized to the supply is running on no
load and is having negligible loss then
(a) the stator current will be very small
(b) the stator current will be zero
(c) the stator current will be very high
(d) the back e.m.f. will be more than the supply
voltage
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans : (b). If the synchronous motor, properly
synchronized to the supply is running on no load and is
having negligible loss then the stator current will be
zero. 269. A synchronous motor working at leading power
265. A synchronous motor runs at 600 rpm, which factor can be used as:
of the following case is true? (a) phase advancer
(a) P = 12, f = 50 Hz (b) P=10, f = 60 Hz (b) noise generator
(c) P= 12, f= 60 Hz (d) P= 8, f = 50 Hz (c) mechanical synchronizer
SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-I (d) voltage booster
120 f SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
Ans. (c) :Synchronous speed Ns = = 600 rpm Ans: (a) An over excited synchronous motor running
P on no load is called synchronous condenser. When it
120 × 50 takes leading current, it neutralizes the lagging
if f = 50 Hz then P = = 10
600 reactive component of the load partially. Thus the
120 × 60 power factor is improved.
if f = 60 Hz then P = = 12 • Phase advancers are similarly employed to improve
600
Therefore a combination of 12 Pole, 60 Hz is required the power factor of an induction motor.
to run synchronous motor at 600 rpm. 270. A synchronous phase modifier as compared to
266. The oscillations in a synchronous motor can be a synchronous motor used for mechanical load
damped out by has-
(a) maintaining constant excitation (a) larger shaft and higher speed
(b) providing damper bars in the rotor pole faces (b) smaller shaft and higher speed
(c) running the motor on leading power factors (c) larger shaft and smaller speed
(d) oscillations cannot be damped (d) smaller shaft and smaller speed
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II SSC JE 2007
Electrical Machine–II 397 YCT
 Ans. : (b) A synchronous phase modifier as compared 274. The back e.m.f. of a synchronous motor
to a synchronous motor used for mechanical load has depends on :
smaller shaft and higher speed. (a) speed (b) load
Synchronous phase modifier is nothing but over excited (c) load angle (d) all option are correct
synchronous motor operating at leading power factor SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II
and used for the voltage control. This differs from a
Ans. (c) : The power in a synchronous motor is given
normal synchronous motor as it has no external load on
shaft due to which it has smaller shaft. Also for no load by:-
the motor can operate at highest possible speed. Hence E b V sin δ
for synchronous phase modifiers the design consideration P=
XS
parameters are smaller shaft and higher speed.
271. While starting synchronous motor its field Where,
winding should be– δ = Load Angle,
(a) kept open circuit Eb = Back E.m.f
(b) connected to a dc source V = Supply Voltage
(c) connected to ac source XS = Synchronous Reactance
(d) kept short-circuited It is clear that Back e.m.f depends on load angle.
SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I 275. To limit the operating temperature of
SSC JE 2010
synchronous motor, it should have proper:
Ans. : (d) When synchronous motor is started with 3-φ (a) current rating (b) voltage rating
supply a rotating magnetic field having poles (Ns & Ss) (c) power factor (d) speed
is generated which cuts the rotor winding conductors
generating (N & S) poles and when these poles are SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
interlocked with the help of prime mover synchronous Ans. (a) : To limit the operating temperature of a
motor starts rotating. Excitation is given just after Rotor synchronous motor, it should have proper current rating.
poles and stator poles are interlocked with the help of Due to reduced current ratings. There would be less I2R
prime mover, as there is no field emf at starting in rotor losses in synchronous motor that helps in limiting the
∴ Vf = 0 operating temperature of synchronous motor. The basic
Hence it is assumed short circuited. ambient temperature rating point of most motors is
272. The advantage of stationary armature of a 400C. Overload, poor power condition high effective
synchronous machine is : service factors frequent start and stops are main reasons
(a) reducing number of slip rings on the rotor of over heating.
(b) difficulty of providing high voltage insulation 276. A synchronous machine with large air gap
on rotor
has……..
(c) armature is associated with large power as
compared to the field circuits (a) a higher value of stability limit
(d) all option are correct (b) a higher synchronizing power
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II (c) a small value of regulation
Ans. (d) : These are the following advantages of (d) all options are correct
stationary armature in synchronous machine:- SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
(1) The current is drawn directly from fixed terminals Ans. (d) : A synchronous motor with large air gap has
on the stator without the use of brush contacts. higher value of stability limit due to high leakage
(2) The insulation of stationary armature winding is reactance. Synchronising power is also high in large air
easier. gap. The value of speed regulation in synchronous
(3) The number of sliding contacts (slip rings) is motor is minimum that is equal to zero nearly.
reduced. 277. The magnitude of field flux in a 3–phase
(4) Armature winding can be constructed more rigidly. synchronous machine
273. In a 3–phase synchronous motor, if the (a) varies with speed
direction of its field current is reversed: (b) remains constant at all loads
(a) the winding of the motor will burn (c) varies with power factor
(b) the motor will stop
(d) varies with the load
(c) the motor will run in the reverse direction
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-I
(d) the motor will continue to run in the same
direction Ans. (b) : The magnitude of a field flux in a 3-phase
SSC JE 27.01.2018, Shift-II synchronous machine remains constant at all loads
Ans. (d) : In a 3-Phase synchronous motor, if the because this motor runs at a constant speed. For that The
direction of field current is reversed, the motor magnitude of field flux must be constant. The field is
continues running in same direction. The direction of supplied from a d.c. source and the stator coils energies
rotation of synchronous motor is reversed by with a three phase current. The operation of synchronous
interchanging any two of the three lines leads feeding motor is due to interaction of magnetic field of stator and
the stator winding. rotor.

Electrical Machine–II 398 YCT

278. At leading power factor the induced e.m.f. in a
synchronous motor will be :
∴ T ∝ P ∝ sin δ (ω is constant )
(a) equal to the supply voltage T∝P
For lower torque angle–
(b) less than the supply voltage
(c) more than the supply voltage sin δ ≅ δ
(d) None of these 283. A three–phase synchronous motor will have :
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I (a) one slip–ring (b) two slip–rings
Ans : (c) At leading power factor the induced e.m.f. in a (c) no slip–rings (d) three slip–rings
synchronous motor will be more than the supply SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
voltage. Ans : (b) A three-phase synchronous motor will have
279. In a synchronous motor, the torque angle is the two slip rings. Because DC excitation is on rotor and
angle between : slip rings connecting in rotating part so three-phase
(a) magnetizing current and back e.m.f. synchronous motor have two slip rings.
(b) the rotating stator flux and rotor poles 284. The maximum speed variation in a synchronous
(c) the supply voltage and the back e.m.f. motor is ………
(d) None of these (a) zero (b) 2. percent
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-I (c) 4 percent (d) 6 percent
Ans : (b) In a synchronous motor, the torque angle is SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
angle between the rotating stator flux and rotor poles. Ans : (a) The maximum speed variation in synchronous
280. In synchronous motor damper winding is motor is zero. The speed is remains constant from no
placed at: load to full load in the motor operating at constant
(a) stator (b) rotor frequency bus bars.
(c) both stator and rotor (d) yoke 285. In a synchronous motor, the damping winding
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II is generally used to :
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I (a) provide starting torque only
(b) prevent hunting and provide the starting
Ans : (b) In synchronous motor damper winding is
torque
placed at rotor. During Hunting, the rotor of the
synchronous motor starts to oscillate in its mean (c) reduce the eddy currents
position. Therefore, a relative motion exists between (d) reduce noise level
damper winding and hence the rotating magnetic field is SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
created. Due to this relative motion e.m.f. get induced in SSC JE 2014, Shift-I
the damper winding. Ans : (b) The damping winding is generally used in
281. The speed of a synchronous motor can be synchronous motor to provide starting torque and
changed by : prevent hunting by damping out any oscillation that
(a) changing the supply voltage might be caused by sudden changes in the load on rotor
(b) changing frequency when in synchronous speed. Thus, under normal
(c) changing the load running conditions, damper winding in synchronous
machine does not carry current.
(d) changing supply terminals
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II 286. In a synchronous motor which loss varies with
load?
Ans : (b) The speed of a synchronous motor can be
changed by change in number of pole and supply (a) Windage loss (b) Bearing friction loss
Frequency. (c) Core loss (d) Copper loss
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II
120f
Speed ( N ) = Ans : (d) In case of synchronous motor speed always
P remains constant equal to the synchronous speed
N∝f irrespective of load condition and in a synchronous
1 motor copper loss varies with load.
N∝ 287. Starting torque of synchronous motor is :
P
(a) very low (b) zero
282. In a synchronous motor running with fixed (c) very high (d) half-full load torque
excitation, when the load is increased two SSC JE 2009
times, its torque angle becomes approximately:
Ans. : (b) Starting torque of synchronous motor is zero
(a) half (b) twice
A synchronous motor is one which the rotor normally
(c) four times (d) no change
rotates at the same speed as the revolving field in the
SSC JE 23.01.2018, Shift-II machine.
Ans : (b) In a synchronous motor running with fixed
excitation when the load is increased two times. Its Ns = N r
torque angle becomes approximately two times because Ns − N r
relation between power and torque angle. ∵Slip (s) =
∵ P ∝ ωT Ns

Electrical Machine–II 399 YCT

 (a) run at super-synchronous speed
Slip ( s ) = 0
(b) stop running
So, slip of synchronous motor is also zero. (c) run at sub-synchronous speed
Synchronous motor is not a self starting motor hence it (d) synchronous speed
does not produce any starting torque. The rotor tends to SSC JE 2015
drive in clock wise and anti-clock wise direction in Ans. : (d) A salient pole synchronous motor is
every half cycle. operating at 1/4 full load, if its field current is suddenly
288. Which one of the following is correct? switched off. The motor will continue to run at
(a) Synchronous motor is supplied with D.C. synchronous speed due to the presence of reluctance
voltage in the armature winding torque if the torque equation of salient pole
(b) Synchronous motor is supplied with ac voltage synchronous motor are analysed, there is a term
in the field winding independent of field strength, which is nothing but
(c) Synchronous motor is supplied with rectified reluctance torque.
voltage in the armature winding
(d) Synchronous motor is supplied with dc voltage
in the field winding
SSC JE 2011, Shift-II
Ans: (d) In synchronous motor, field winding is
energised from a DC source and its armature winding
is connected to an AC source. 292. Find the number of poles required, if the
289. V-curves for isolated, 3-phase synchronous frequency is 50Hz and speed of the motor is
motor show 500 rpm.
(a) the variation of mechanical power with field (a) 24 poles (b) 12 poles
excitation at constant speed (c) 5 poles (d) 10 poles
(b) the variation of armature voltage with field SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
excitation at constant mechanical power Ans : (b) Given that,
(c) the variation of armature voltage with f = 50 Hz
mechanical power at constant field excitation Ns (synchronous speed) = 500 rpm
(d) the variation of armature current with field P (Poles) = ?
excitation at constant mechanical power 120f
SSC JE 2011, Shift-II Ns =
p
Ans: (d) V-curve of 3-phase synchronous motor will
show the variation of armature current (Ia) with field 120f 120 × 50
excitation (If) at constant mechanical power. P= =
NS 500
P = 12 Poles
293. Power factor correction substations consists of
(a) Rectifiers
(b) Inverters
(c) Synchronous condenser
(d) Transformers
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans : (c) Synchronous condenser is a DC excited
synchronous motor, whose shaft is not connected to
anything but spins freely. Its field is controlled by a
voltage regulator to either generator for negative absorb
reactive power as needed to adjust the grid's voltage or
290.A 3-phase synchronous motor is started by to improve power factor.
utilizing the torque developed in
294. Energy-efficient motors generally have
(a) the high-speed steam-turbine.
(a) longer insulation
(b) the damper winding on the rotor.
(b) less vibration
(c) the damper winding on the stator.
(c) lower heat output
(d) the low-speed water-turbine.
(d) all options are correct
SSC JE 2013
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans: (b) A 3-phase synchronous motor is started by
Ans : (d) Energy efficient motors is a motor that gives
utilizing the torque developed in the damper winding
the same output strength by consuming lesser amounts
on the rotor poles of the machine.
of power. It has electrical power saving, lower
291. A salient-pole synchronous motor is operating operating temperature, lower noise level, longer
at 1/4 full load. If its field current is suddenly insulation and operation is more satisfactory under
switched off, it would? abnormal voltage.
Electrical Machine–II 400 YCT
295. The normal starting methods that is used to Ans : (b) Maximum power produced in synchronous
start a synchronous motor is motor depends upon rotor excitation, supply voltage
(a) Star-delta starter and maximum value of coupling angle.
(b) Damper winding EbV
(c) Resistance starter in the armature circuit Pm = sin δ
(d) Damper winding in conjunction with star- Xs
delta starter Where, V = Terminal voltage
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I Eb = Back e.m.f.
Ans : (d) Synchronous motor is started by damper δ = Coupling angle
winding in conjunction with star-delta starter in order to Xs = Synchronous reactance
limit the starting current. Pm = Maximum power
296. Synchronous motor do not have self-starting 299. The change in DC excitation of a synchronous
property because motor will also change the………..?
(a) starting winding is not provided on the (a) speed of the motor (b) load angle
machines (c) supply voltage (d) power factor
(b) the direction of rotation is not fixed SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
(c) the direction of instantaneous torque reverses Ans. (d): If the excitation of a synchronous motor is
after half cycle changed by keeping load constant, the motor power
(d) starters cannot be used in these machines factor will get automatically adjusted to keep its active
component constant under all excitation condition.
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I
300. The torque angle of a 3-phase synchronous
Ans : (c) Synchronous motor is not self starting because motor depends on its………..?
when we provide 3-φ power supply to the stator of (a) excitation (b) speed
synchronous motor, a rotating magnetic field generates (c) load (d) supply voltage
in stator, that starts running at synchronous speed but SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
this type of field is not produced in rotor, that causes
Ans. (c) : Torque angle ' δ ' is the angle between rotor
changes in direction of instantaneous torque reverse
flux and stator flux both rotate at synchronous speed. Its
after half cycle. speed and terminal voltage remains constant when
connected with infinite bus.
The control variables for torque angles are only field
current and the mechanical torque or load on the shaft.
301. Which of the following is an important feature
of a 3-phase synchronous motor?
(a) Low starting torque (b) Low starting current
297. The over-excited synchronous motor takes (c) High starting torque (d) No starting torque
(a) leading current SSC JE 26.09.2019, Shift-II
(b) lagging current
Ans. (d) : Synchronous motor are not self-starting it's
(c) both leading current and lagging current rotor is excited by D.C. current. This motor is called
(d) None of these doubly excited motor.
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I No starting torque- At any speed other than synchronous
Ans : (a) speed its rotor would experience on oscillating torque of
zero average value as the rotating magnetic field
repeatedly passes the slow moving rotor. Normally a short
circuited winding similar to that of induction machine is
added to the rotor to provide starting torque.
302. In a synchronous motor the maximum
developed torque occurs at a coupling angle of
(a) 180o (b) 90o
(c) 60o (d) 30o
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
Ans : (b) The maximum torque i.e. pull out torque will
occur at θ = 90. But this is possible for the motor
According to the V-curve of synchronous motor. The having smooth rotors. As most practical motor have
over excited synchronous motor takes leading current. salient poles, so the pull out torque occurs at a torque
298. The maximum power developed in a angle about to 75°.
synchronous motor will depend on 303. In a three phase synchronous motor, if one of the
(a) the rotor excitation and supply voltage winding is short circuited then the motor will
(b) the rotor excitation, supply voltage and (a) run at 1/4 of synchronous speed
maximum value of coupling angle (b) not start
(c) the supply voltage only (c) run with excessive vibrations
(d) the rotor excitation only (d) rotate at less than the rated load
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-I SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-I
Electrical Machine–II 401 YCT
Ans : (b) If one of those 3 − φ winding is short circuitedAns : (c) In synchronous motor the armature current has
then rotating magnetic field can not be generated and higher values for both high excitation and low
excitation. High excitation also increases stability in
huge stator current can burn the winding also. So the synchronous motor. When load increases at normal
motor will not start. excitation, its power factor decreases but armature
304. Synchronous motor can be made self starting current increases.
by providing 308. In a synchronous motor of the back e.m.f. is
(a) Damper winding on rotor poles approximately equal to the applied voltage, then
(b) Damper winding on stator (a) the torque generated is maximum
(c) Damper winding on stator as well as rotor poles (b) the excitation is said to be hundred percent
(d) None of these (c) the excitation is said to be zero percent
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I (d) the motor is said to be fully loaded
Ans. (a) : The synchronous motor is made self starting SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
by providing a special winding on the rotor poles Ans : (b) In a synchronous motor when the back e.m.f.
known as damper winding or squirrel cage winding. is approximately equal to the applied voltage, then the
excitation is said to be 100%, This condition happens
305. Due to which one of the following reasons a when Eb = V.
synchronous motor fails to pull into 309. A synchronous motor can operate at.............
synchronism after applying D.C. field current? (a) leading power factor only
(a) High field current (b) Low short circuit ratio (b) lagging power factor only
(c) High core losses (d) Low field current (c) unity power factor only
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I (d) lagging, leading and unity power factors
Ans. (d) : Low field current is the main reason when SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II
synchronous motor fails to pull into synchronism after SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-II
applying D.C. field current. When the field is reduced Ans : (d) A synchronous motor can operate at lagging,
too much. The machine could become unstable and lose leading and unity power factors. It delivers reactive
synchronization. Lowering the field strength lowers the power on leading power factor and absorb reactive

( )
internally generated voltage E a .
power on lagging power factor. In this electromagnetic
power varies linearly with the voltage. Its speed is
306. As the load is applied to a synchronous motor, constant irrespective of the loads.
the motor takes more armature current because 310. Let φ be the phase angle between the line
(a) The increased load has to take more current current and line voltage, and α be the load
(b) The back emf decreases causing an increase angle. The per phase mechanical power
in motor current developed by a synchronous motor is:
(c) The rotor by shifting its phase backward EbV EbV
(a) sin φ (b) cos α
causes motor to take more current Xs Xs
(d) The rotor strengthens the rotating field EbV EbV
causing more motor current (c) cos φ (d) sin α
SSC JE 29.01.2018, Shift-I X s Xs
SSC JE 10.12.2020, Shift-II
Ans. (c) : When the load is applied to a synchronous
motor the motor takes more armature current because Ans (d) : The mechanical power Pm developed by a
synchronous motor per phase is given by-
the rotor by shifting its phase backward causes motor to
take more current when much load is applied to motor. EV
Pm = b sin α
The load angle α increases and speed of rotor decreases XS
so the rotor phase starts shifting backward. Where,
Eb = induced voltage / phase
V = supply voltage / phase
XS = synchronous reactance/phase
α = torque angle in electrical degrees.
311. When the voltage applied to a synchronous
motor is increased, which of the following will
reduce?
(a) Stator flux (b) Pull in torque
(c) Pull out torque (d) None of these
307. In synchronous motor the armature current SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II
has higher values for Ans : (d) There will be no effect on the given factors
(a) high excitation only when we increase the applied voltage to the
(b) low excitation only synchronous motor.
(c) both high excitation and low excitation Pull in Torque:- The torque which brings motor to
(d) None of these synchronous motor operation from induction motor
SSC JE 22.01.2018, Shift-II operation, is known as pull in torque.
Electrical Machine–II 402 YCT
Pull out torque:- Maximum value of the torque, that V= Supply voltage
holds the motor always in synchronism is called pull out 1
torque. Pull out torque is greater than pull in torque. Pm ∝ E b Pm ∝ V Pm ∝
Xs
312. A synchronous motor has better power factor
than an induction motor. This is due to …… The value of maximum power developed by
(a) Stator supply is not required to produce synchronous motor depends on above factors but not on
magnetic field direction of rotation.
(b) Synchronous motor has no slip 316. The synchronous motor is not inherently self-
(c) Mechanical load on the rotor remains starting because
constant (a) There is no starting device to accelerate the
(d) Synchronous motor has large air gap rotor to near synchronous speed
SSC JE 25.01.2018, Shift-II (b) a rotating magnetic field does not have
Ans : (a) Synchronous motors have separate DC enough poles
excitation. So stator supply is not required to produce (c) the rotating magnetic field is produced by
magnetic field. While in induction motor due to need of only 50 Hz frequency currents
magnetizing current required to produce air gap flux (d) None of these
stator supply is utilized. SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II
313. The main advantage of a synchronous motor Ans. (a) : The synchronous motor is not inherently self-
over wound rotor induction motor starting because there is no starting device to accelerate
(a) its power factor may be varied the rotor to near synchronous speed. There are many
(b) its speed is independent of supply frequency methods used to start synchronous motor:-
(c) its speed may be controlled more easily Damper winding method, self- starting method etc.
(d) none of these 317. In synchronous motor, the load on the motor is
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II increased and the rotor progressively tends to:
Ans. (a) : The main advantage of synchronous motor (a) fall back in phase by some angle but it still
over wound round induction motor is that synchronous continues to run synchronously
motor can be run at any power factor that may be lagging, (b) lead in phase by some angle but it still
leading or unity. But wound rotor induction motor only continues to run synchronously
runs at lagging power factor. So it is clear that power factor (c) fall back in speed
of synchronous motor can be changed easily. (d) rise in speed
314. In a synchronous motor with normal working SSC JE 29.10.2020, Shift-II
condition, if the applied voltage of the Ans (a) : In synchronous motor, if the load on the
synchronous motor goes down the power factor motor is increased then the rotor poles fall slightly
will behind the stator poles, while continuing to run at
(a) remain same (b) improve synchronous speed. The angular displacement between
(c) go down (d) no change stator and rotor poles cause the phase of back e.m.f Eb
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II to change with respect to supply voltage. A synchronous
Ans. (b) : In a synchronous motor with normal working motor runs at synchronous speed at all loads.
condition, Power factor improves when applied voltage of
synchronous motor goes down because electro motive 318. If the excitation and terminal voltage of
force (e.m.f.) gets greater than the applied voltage. synchronous motor are kept constant and the
load is increased then..............
So, E b > V (a) armature current decreases and power factor
315. The maximum power developed by becomes power leading
synchronous motor is not dependent on............ (b) armature current increases and power factor
(a) maximum value of coupling angle becomes more leading
(b) supply voltage (c) armature current increases and power factor
(c) rotor excitation becomes more lagging
(d) direction of rotation (d) None of these
SSC JE 29.01.2018 Shift-II SSC JE 02.03.2017 Shift-I
Ans. (d) : We know that:- Ans : (c) If the excitation and terminal voltage of
synchronous motor are kept constant and the load is
E V increased then armature current increases and power
P = b sin δ
Xs factor angle φ also increases and power-factor becomes
in max condition, δ = 90o more lagging.
sin 90o = 1 319. The construction of synchronous motor is
So, similar to
EbV (a) d.c. compound motor
Pmax = (b) slip-ring induction motor
Xs (c) d.c. shunt generator
Where Pmax = Maximum Power (d) alternator
Eb = Back e.m.f. SSC JE 03.03.2017 Shift-II
Electrical Machine–II 403 YCT
 Ans : (d) The construction of a synchronous motor is 324. Why is a synchronous machine called a doubly-
very similar to the construction of an alternator. Both excited machine?
are synchronous machines where one we use as a motor (a) Both its rotor and stator are excited.
and the other as a generator. Just like any other motor, (b) It has two sets of rotor poles.
the synchronous motor also has a stator and a rotor as (c) It can be overexcited
like alternator. (d) It needs twice the normal exiting current
320. In a synchronous motor, the stator frame is SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
made of ........... Ans : (a) Synchronous machine called a doubly excited
(a) Stainless steel machine because both rotor and stator are excited. Its
(b) CRGOS rotor is separately stimulated from DC source with the
(c) Cast iron or welded steel plates help of slip ring. Which is required for constant flux
(d) Laminated silicon steel production. Hence synchronous machine is also called
SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-I doubly excited machine.
Ans : (c) Stator frame is made up of cast iron or welded
steel plates. It prevent the inner part of the motor. Stator 325. In a synchronous motor, which of the following
core is made up of silicon-steel. losses is NOT met by motor AC input?
(a) Iron loss (b) Rotor Cu loss
321. In case one phase of a 3-phase synchronous (c) Stator Cu loss (d) Friction loss
motor is short circuited the motor will.............
(a) Not Start SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
(b) Run at two-third of synchronous speed Ans. (b) : In synchronous motor a DC supply is given
(c) Run with excessive vibrations to the rotor. So, the rotor copper loss is due to DC
(d) Take less than the rated load supply not by AC supply. Iron loss, stator copper loss
SSC JE 24.01.2018, Shift-II and friction loss is considered by motor AC input.
SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-I 326. Synchronous impedance method of finding
Ans : (a) If one phase of a 3-phase synchronous motor voltage regulation of a synchronous motor is
is short-circuited then the motor will not start, because also known as:
if one of the phase short - circuited then there remains (a) The saturated synchronous reactance method
two phases which don’t produced the resultant current (b) The zero power factor method
to produce the necessary magnetic field. (c) The MMF method
 A synchronous motor is not self starting. (d) The EMF method
322. A synchronous motor may fail to pull into SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
synchronism owing to ............. Ans. (d) : Synchronous impedance method of finding
(a) Excessive load (b) Low excitation voltage regulation of a synchronous motor is also
(c) High friction (d) Any of the options known as EMF method or pessimistic method. Because
SSC JE 04.03.2017, Shift-II of calculated value is more than expected.
Ans : (d) The synchronous motor may fail to pull into 327. What will be running speed of a 6-pole
synchronism due to- synchronous motor connected to a 3-phase, 60-
 Excessive load,  Low excitation,  High friction Hz supply, and having rated load?
323. A 75 kW, three-phase star-connected 50 Hz, (a) 950 rpm (b) 1000 rpm
440 V cylindrical rotor synchronous motor (c) 1200 rpm (d) 1150 rpm
operates at rated condition with 0.8 power SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-I
factor leading. The motor efficiency excluding Ans. (c) : Synchronous motor runs at synchronous
field and stator losses is 95% and XS = 2.5 Ω. speed.
Calculate mechanical power developed. 120f 120 × 60
(a) 780 W (b) 7 KW Ns = =
(c) 78950 W (d) 79 W P 6
SSC JE 20.10.2020, Shift-I Ns = 1200rpm
Ans (c) : Field and stator loss = 0 328. Neglecting the armature reaction effect, if the
Developed mechanical power = Input power excitation of synchronous motor running at a
(because losses = 0) constant load is increased, its torque angle
must.
O / P power
efficiency = (a) Increase
I / P power (b) Remain the same
Pout (c) Decrease
Pm = Pin = (d) Become twice the original value
η
SSC JE 24.03.2021, Shift-II
Pout
Pm = Ans. (c) : For constant load operation of synchronous
η motor we have-
75kW 75000W E f sinδ = constant
Pm = = = 78977
0.95 0.95 and Ia cos φ = constant
Pm ≃ 78950W Hence If E f ↑ sin δ ↓= δ ↓

Electrical Machine–II 404 YCT